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Wicker G, Zhou R, Schoch R, Paradies J. Sigmatropic [1,5] Carbon Shift of Transient C3 Ammonium Enolates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204378. [PMID: 35535567 PMCID: PMC9401041 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The stereospecific sigmatropic [1,5] carbon shift of C3 ammonium enolates is discovered. According to mechanistic, kinetic and computational experiments, this new rearrangement proceeds via the catalytic generation of a transient C3 ammonium enolate by intramolecular aza-Michael addition. This intermediate rapidly undergoes [1,5] sigmatropic carbon migration to furnish the respective tetrahydroquinoline-4-ones with excellent diastereoselectivities of d.r. >99 : 1 and in 61-98 % yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrit Wicker
- Department of ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Strasse 10033098PaderbornGermany
| | - Rundong Zhou
- Department of ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Strasse 10033098PaderbornGermany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Department of ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Strasse 10033098PaderbornGermany
| | - Jan Paradies
- Department of ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Strasse 10033098PaderbornGermany
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2
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Wicker G, Zhou R, Schoch R, Paradies J. Sigmatrope [1,5]‐Kohlenstoffverschiebung transienter C3‐Ammoniumenolate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrit Wicker
- Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Deutschland
| | - Rundong Zhou
- Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Deutschland
| | - Roland Schoch
- Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Deutschland
| | - Jan Paradies
- Department Chemie Universität Paderborn Warburger Strasse 100 33098 Paderborn Deutschland
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3
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Chiral tetraalkynylborate as a chiral solvating agent for N-chiral tetraalkylammonium salts. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Tayama E, Shimizu G, Nakao R. Base-induced Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of N-(pyridinylmethyl) tetraalkylammonium salts. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Tayama E, Kawai K. Synthesis of tertiary alkyl fluorides and chlorides by site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of α-aryl azetidinium salts. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39607-39618. [PMID: 35492462 PMCID: PMC9044468 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of 2-arylazetidine-2-carboxylic acid ester-derived tetraalkyl ammonium salts 2 with tetrabutylammonium halides (Bu4NX) to give tertiary alkyl halides are successfully demonstrated. For example, a nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of 2-(o-tolyl) derivative 2a with 1.2 equivalents of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Bu4NF) in THF at 60 °C preferentially proceeded at a more substituted carbon atom (2-position) compared to a less-substituted carbon atom (4-position) and afforded tert-butyl 4-(dimethylamino)-2-fluoro-2-(o-tolyl)butanoate 3aa in 71% yield as the corresponding tertiary alkyl fluoride. This result was applied to synthesize optically active organofluorine compounds starting from commercially available (R)-1-phenylethylamine. Site-selective nucleophilic ring-opening of 2 with Bu4NX proceeded at a much-substituted 2-position preferentially and produced tertiary alkyl halides 3.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Kohei Kawai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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6
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Loro C, Sala R, Penso M, Foschi F. DBU Catalysed Enantioselective Degradative Rearrangement: a Way to Tetrasubstituted 2‐Aryl‐2‐Amino Esters. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Loro
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 9 IT-20100 Como Italy
| | - Roberto Sala
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 9 IT-20100 Como Italy
| | - Michele Penso
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) Via Golgi 19 IT-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 9 IT-20100 Como Italy
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7
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Li SS, Wang J. Cu(I)/Chiral Bisoxazoline-Catalyzed Enantioselective Sommelet–Hauser Rearrangement of Sulfonium Ylides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12343-12358. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Sen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Tayama E, Hirano K, Baba S. Base-induced Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of N-(α-(2-oxyethyl)branched)benzylic glycine ester-derived ammonium salts via a chelated intermediate. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Cativiela C, Ordóñez M, Viveros-Ceballos JL. Stereoselective synthesis of acyclic α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids derivatives from amino acids templates. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Reidl TW, Anderson LL. Divergent Functionalizations of Azetidines and Unsaturated Azetidines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
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11
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Tayama E, Sugawara T. Chiral Tetraaryl‐ and Tetraalkynylborates as Chiral Solvating Agents for Tetraalkylammonium Salts. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry Niigata University Faculty of Science 950‐2181 Niigata Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugawara
- Guraduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata University 950‐2181 Niigata Japan
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12
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Roy T, Gaykar RN, Bhattacharjee S, Biju AT. The aryne Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3004-3007. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00629j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An aryne induced transition-metal-free and mild Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of tertiary benzylamines for the synthesis of α-aryl amino acid derivatives in moderate to good yields and with broad substrate scope is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Roy
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Rahul N. Gaykar
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | | | - Akkattu T. Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
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13
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Andresini M, De Angelis S, Uricchio A, Visaggio A, Romanazzi G, Ciriaco F, Corriero N, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Azetidine-Borane Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Stereoselective Functionalization. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10221-10230. [PMID: 30024756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports, for the first time, the synthesis and structural features of azetidine-borane complexes, as well as their reactivity in lithiation reactions. A temperature-dependent stereoselectivity has been disclosed in the reaction of borane with N-alkyl-2-arylazetidines, allowing for a stereoselective preparation of azetidine-borane complexes 2 and 3. A regioselective hydrogen/lithium permutation, at the benzylic position, was observed in lithiation reactions of complexes possessing a syn relationship, between the ring proton and the BH3 group. In contrast, scarce or no reactivity was noticed in complexes lacking such a stereochemical requirement. The configurational stability of the lithiated intermediates has also been investigated, in order to shed some light on the stereoselectivity of the lithiation/electrophile trapping sequence. Calculations helped in supporting experimental observations, concerning structure and reactivity of these azetidine-borane complexes. Data suggest that the BH3 group could promote the lithiation reaction likely by an electrostatic complex induced proximity effect. Interestingly, a new synthetic strategy for the synthesis of N-alkyl-2,2-disubstituted azetidines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Andresini
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Sonia De Angelis
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Antonella Uricchio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Angelica Visaggio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Ciriaco
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Nicola Corriero
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR , Via Amendola 122/O , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences , University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via E. Orabona 4 , Bari 70125 , Italy
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14
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Tayama E, Nishio R, Kobayashi Y. Base-promoted diastereoselective α-alkylation of borane N-((S)-1'-phenylethyl)azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ester complexes. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5833-5845. [PMID: 30070285 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01395k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The base-promoted α-alkylation of N-((S)-1-phenylethyl)azetidine-2-carboxylic acid esters 1 was investigated. The use of diastereomerically pure borane complexes 3 as substrates, which are easily prepared from 1, dramatically improved the yields and diastereoselectivities of α-alkylated products 2. For example, the treatment of tert-butyl ester (1S,2S,1'S)-3a with 2.4 equivalents of lithium bis(trimethysilyl)amide (LiHMDS) at 0 °C followed by 2.6 equivalents of benzyl bromide afforded α-benzylated (2S,1'S)-2aa in 90% yield as almost a single diastereomer. Our method enables the production of optically active α-substituted azetidine-2-carboxylic acid esters starting from commercially available (S)-1-phenylethylamine, which is one of the least expensive chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
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15
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Pan C, Guo W, Gu Z. Unusual biaryl torsional strain promotes reactivity in Cu-catalyzed Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5850-5854. [PMID: 30079198 PMCID: PMC6050577 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed Sommelet-Hauser dearomatization of dihydrophenanthridine and diazo compounds is reported for the synthesis of spiro-indolines. A spiro-structure with adjacent quaternary and tertiary carbon centers was constructed in one step as a single isomer. Increasing steric hindrance by introducing ortho-substituents dramatically improved substrate reactivity in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongqing Pan
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China .
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16
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Sah C, Yadav AK, Venkataramani S. Deciphering Stability of Five-Membered Heterocyclic Radicals: Balancing Act Between Delocalization and Ring Strain. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5464-5476. [PMID: 29791155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Computational studies on five-membered heterocycles with single heteroatom and their isomeric dehydro-borole 1a-1c, cyclopentadiene 2a-2c, pyrrole 3a-3c, furan 4b-4c, phosphole 5a-5c, and thiophene 6b-6c radicals have been carried out. Geometrical aspects through ground state electronic structures and stability aspects using bond dissociation energies (BDE) and radical stabilization energies (RSE) have been envisaged in this regard. Spin densities, electrostatic potentials (ESP), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis unveiled the extent of spin delocalization. The estimated nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) values revealed the difference in aromaticity characteristics of radicals. Particularly the heteroatom centered radicals exhibit odd electron π-delocalized systems with a quasi-antiaromatic character. Various factors such as, the relative position of the radical center with respect to heteroatoms, resonance, ring strain and orbital interactions influence the stability that follows the order: heteroatom centered > β-centered > α-centered radicals. Among the influences of various factors, we confirmed the existence of a competition between delocalization and the ring strain, and the interplay of both decides the overall stability order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitranjan Sah
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali , Sector 81, SAS Nagar , Knowledge City, Mohali , Punjab 140306 , India
| | - Ajit Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali , Sector 81, SAS Nagar , Knowledge City, Mohali , Punjab 140306 , India
| | - Sugumar Venkataramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali , Sector 81, SAS Nagar , Knowledge City, Mohali , Punjab 140306 , India
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17
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Tayama E, Sotome S. Dearomative [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of ammonium ylides followed by 1,4-elimination to form α-(ortho-vinylphenyl)amino acid esters. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4833-4839. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A base-induced dearomative [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement followed by 1,4-elimination produced α-(ortho-vinylphenyl)amino acid esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
| | - Sho Sotome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
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18
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Tayama E, Watanabe K, Sotome S. Structural and mechanistic studies of the base-induced Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of N-α-branched benzylic azetidine-2-carboxylic acid-derived ammonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6668-6678. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The base-induced Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement of N-α-branched benzylic azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ester-derived ammonium salts was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata 950-2181
- Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Niigata University
- Niigata 950-2181
- Japan
| | - Sho Sotome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Niigata University
- Niigata 950-2181
- Japan
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19
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Xu X, Li C, Xiong M, Tao Z, Pan Y. Hemin-catalyzed sulfonium ylide formation and subsequently reactant-controlled chemoselective rearrangements. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6219-6222. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02484c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Stevens and Sommelet–Hauser rearrangements can be controlled by the electronic property of the substituents on the benzyl group together with solvent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Life Sciences
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
- Hangzhou 310053
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Tao
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
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20
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Antermite D, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Recent advances in the chemistry of metallated azetidines. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:34-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01665k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The almost unexplored four-membered azetidines represent a particularly interesting class of molecules, among the family of saturated nitrogen heterocycles. This review reports recent developments in direct metal-based functionalization of the azetidine ring, focusing on the regio- and stereoselectivity of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Antermite
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences
- University of Bari
- Bari 70125
- Italy
| | | | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences
- University of Bari
- Bari 70125
- Italy
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