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Mu Q, Tian W, Zhang J, Li R, Ji Y. Nanocrystalline Porous Materials for Chiral Separation: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7864-7879. [PMID: 38320090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Qixuan Mu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wanting Tian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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Miao P, Li Y, Du Y. Dual-ligand 3D lammelar chiral metal-organic framework for capillary electrochromatographic enantioseparations. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:302. [PMID: 37464133 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Dual-ligand metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on tryptophan and camphoric acid were designed and synthesized as the stationary phase of the capillary electrochromatography (CEC) system. This CEC system showed significantly improved enantioseparation ability for nine drugs, compared with the single-ligand MOF stationary phase. Characterization methods such as N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy proved that the dual-ligand MOFs possessed excellent 3D spatial structures (ligand ratio is 1:1) which ensured the enantioseparation capability of the CEC system. The influence of ligand types on the chiral selectivity of MOFs was explored using racemic phenylalaninol and its single enantiomers as models. When the chiral type of the ligands is consistent, the enantioseparation ability of the CEC system is better. The chromatographic conditions such as buffer concentration, buffer pH, organic solvent addition ratio, and applied voltage were optimized, and satisfactory repeatability and stability of the CEC system were verified. Additionally, the enantioseparation mechanism of the CEC system was discussed through adsorption kinetic experiments, adsorption isotherm fitting, and thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandeng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wang Z, Wang W, Sun L, Tang B, Zhang F, Luo A. A chiral multi-shelled mesoporous carbon nanospheres used for high-resolution gas chromatography separations. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1702:464100. [PMID: 37263056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a chiral multishelled mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) with unique spiral multishelled hollow mesoporous chiral structure is synthesized; the MCNs can be used as stationary phases for high-resolution gas chromatography (GC) and have good separation capacity. The successful preparation of MCNs is verified by a variety of characterizations. In addition, the MCNs-coated capillary column shows excellent separation performance for n-alkanes, n-alcohols, aromatic compounds, and esters, and it has a faster analysis time than the HP-5 commercial capillary column. The chromatography separation performance for various isomers and racemates of the MCNs stationary phase was evaluated, and it showed good separation capability for amino acid derivatives. The MCNs-coated capillary column has been demonstrated to present good reproducibility and stability. In summary, all of the chromatography experiments in this work indicate that this new stationary phase of the MCNs has good application potential for GC capillary separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liquan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Fulai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Aiqin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.
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4
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Wang H, Wu F, Dai X, Fang X, Ding CF. Rapid discrimination of enantiomers by ion mobility mass spectrometry and chemical theoretical calculation: Chiral mandelic acid and its derivatives. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340725. [PMID: 36628725 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Because R/S-mandelic acids (MA) and their derivatives are critical starting materials or intermediates in the synthesis of chiral drugs, their chirality discrimination is important. In this study, R/S-MA and its derivatives, including R/S-2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA), R/S-methoxyphenylaceticacid (MPA), and R/S-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (HPBA), were accurate simultaneous mobility-discriminated by forming diastereomer complexes for the first time, which were obtained by simply mixing with cyclodextrins (α, β, γ-CD) and transition-metal ions (Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+). The mass spectra revealed non-covalent diastereomer complexes formed by CD, enantiomers, and metal ions, and ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS) was performed for 109 pairs of complexes. Significant chiral discrimination was observed in the formed diastereomeric complexes, and their separation peak-to-peak resolution (Rp-p) for the enantiomers depended on the transition metal ion type. In most cases, the Rp-p value gradually increases with CD size, with quaternary complexes having the largest Rp-p value. The greatest chiral distinctions of 2-PPA, MA, MPA, and HPBA were obtained by the diastereomeric complex ions of [(2-PPA)(α)2+Zn2+-H]+, [(MA)(α)2+Zn2+-H]+, [(MPA)2(β)+Co2+-H]+, and [(HPBA)(α)2+Fe2+-H]+, with Rp-p values of 1.35, 1.57, 1.70, and 0.71, respectively. Furthermore, the favorable conformation and collisional cross section (CCS) value of the different [CD + R/S-MA + Cu-H]+ complexes were measured using chemical theoretical calculations to detail their intermolecular interaction, revealing that [α-CD + R/S-MA + Cu-H]+ has two favored gas complexes, and the CCS calculated were consistent with the TIMS observed. In addition, R2 > 0.99 was obtained for the relative quantification of the chiral enantiomers. Overall, the proposed method provides a promising strategy for distinguishing the enantiomers of MA and their derivatives, with the advantages of simplicity, speed, and accuracy, without the need for complex chemical derivatization or chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Fangling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Xinhua Dai
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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5
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Zhang L, Tan QG, Fan JQ, Sun C, Luo YT, Liang RP, Qiu JD. Microfluidics for chiral separation of biomolecules. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Ma M, Chen J, Liu H, Huang Z, Huang F, Li Q, Xu Y. A review on chiral metal-organic frameworks: synthesis and asymmetric applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13405-13427. [PMID: 36070182 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01772e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) have the characteristics of framework structure diversity and functional tunability, and have important applications in the fields of chiral identification, separation of enantiomers and asymmetric catalysis. In recent years, the application of CMOFs has also been extended to other research fields, such as circularly polarized fluorescence and chiral ferroelectrics. Compared with achiral MOFs, the design of CMOFs only considers the modes of introduction of chirality, and also takes into account the crystallization and purification. Therefore, the synthesis and characterization of CMOFs face many difficult challenges. This review discusses three effective strategies for constructing CMOFs, including direct synthesis of chiral ligands, spontaneous resolution of achiral ligands or chiral template-induced synthesis, and post-synthetic chiralization of achiral MOFs. In addition, this review also discusses the recent application progress of CMOFs in chiral molecular recognition, enantiomer separation, asymmetric catalysis, circularly polarized fluorescence, and chiral ferroelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhonghua Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuhong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quanliang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, People's Republic of China.
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Homochiral iron-based γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework for stereoisomer separation in the open tubular capillary electrochromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang C, Chen C, Ma M, Feng Z, Du Y. In‐situ grown metal organic framework synergistic system for the enantioseparation of three drugs in open tubular capillary electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2708-2716. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Mingxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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9
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Sun X, Niu B, Zhang Q, Chen Q. MIL-53-based homochiral metal–organic framework as a stationary phase for open-tubular capillary electrochromatography. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:509-516. [PMID: 35811623 PMCID: PMC9257441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Corresponding author.
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10
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Yang S, Wu F, Yu F, Gu L, Wang H, Liu Y, Chu Y, Wang F, Fang X, Ding CF. Distinction of chiral penicillamine using metal-ion coupled cyclodextrin complex as chiral selector by trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry and a structure investigation of the complexes. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1184:339017. [PMID: 34625257 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Penicillamine (Pen) is a common chiral drug that is obtained from penicillin. Between the two enantiomers of Pen, only D-Pen can be used to treat cystinuria and rheumatoid arthritis while L-Pen is toxic. Therefore, it requires great efforts for the research of the rigorous analysis and distinction of the two enantiomers. The non-covalent combination of chiral molecules and chiral selectors (CSs) has been proved as a unique strategy for chiral distinction by ion mobility spectrometry in coupling with -mss spectrometry (IM-MS). Here, we developed a simple method to distinguish D, L-Pen by using special CSs for IM-MS separation. The CSs utilized here include cyclodextrins (CD) and linear chain oligosaccharides plus metal ions. We found that non-covalent complexes [Pen+β-CD + Li]+ could be easily formed by electrospray ionization of the mixture of the solution, and the chirality of Pen could be effectively recognized by measuring their mobilities due to the different collision cross collision sections of [D-Pen+β-CD + Li]+ and [L-Pen+β-CD + Li]+. A detailed analysis of [Pen+β-CD + Li]+ was then conducted by the optical rotation measurements and NMR experiments to reveal their structural differences. Furthermore, DFT calculation showed the differences of molecular conformation between the complexes. The results provide a new powerful method for fast analysis and recognition of chirality of Pen compounds by IM-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fangling Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Fanzhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liancheng Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Yanqiu Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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Wang T, Yang L, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Ye J, Chu Q, Cheng G. Evaluation of homochiral zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 supported open-tubular column by miniaturized capillary electrochromatography with amperometric detection. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:375. [PMID: 34635945 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel kind of chiral open-tubular (OT) column was established with homochiral zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanomaterials using L-histidine as the chiral carbon center (L-His-ZIF-8). The morphologies of L-His-ZIF-8 nanoparticles and chiral OT column were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of L-His-ZIF-8 concentrations, pH values, and concentrations of the running buffer on the resolution of the selected chiral compounds were investigated based on miniaturized capillary electrochromatography with amperometric detection system (mini-CEC-AD), respectively. The separation performances of the prepared L-His-ZIF-8@OT chiral columns were explored under the optimal conditions, and the RSDs of run-to-run, day-to-day, and column-to-column reproducibility were less than 6.7% using salbutamol raceme as the model enantiomers. The prepared chiral OT columns have been successfully applied to the enantioseparation of one pair of amino acid enantiomers, two pairs of racemic drugs, and three pairs of neurotransmitter enantiomers. Under the optimum conditions, the prepared OT columns were applied to real-world sample analysis of salbutamol aerosol. The limits of detection of salbutamol raceme were 0.90 μg·mL-1 (S/N = 3), and the recovery was 80.4-82.7%. The assay results indicated that this kind of chiral OT column modified with homochiral L-His-ZIF-8 possesses good reproducibility and stability. This developed mini-OT-CEC-AD system has some attractive characteristics of sensitivity and low cost, providing a potential way for the separation of chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuhuan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Guifang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Zhang Y, Jin X, Ma X, Wang Y. Chiral porous organic frameworks and their application in enantioseparation. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:8-33. [PMID: 33245740 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Porous organic frameworks (POFs) are a kind of porous material with a network structure composed of repeated monomers, which have excellent physical and chemical properties, such as a high surface area, high porosity, uniform pore sizes and structural diversity, and which have aroused broad interest among researchers. With the rapid development of materials science, increasingly more porous materials have been developed and applied, especially metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which have been widely applied in the fields of luminous materials, catalytic research, adsorption and drug transport. One of the most important applications for chiral porous materials is in chiral separation and these materials have become a research hotspot in the field of chromatographic separation and analysis in recent years. In this review, from the viewpoint of enantioseparation, the synthesis of chiral porous materials and their applications in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrochromatography (CEC), and gas chromatography (GC) are reviewed. The typical applications of MOFs in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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14
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de Koster N, Clark CP, Kohler I. Past, present, and future developments in enantioselective analysis using capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:38-57. [PMID: 32914880 PMCID: PMC7821218 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of chiral products has become increasingly important in a large diversity of academic and industrial applications. The separation of chiral compounds is inherently challenging and thus requires a suitable analytical technique that can achieve high resolution and sensitivity. In this context, CE has shown remarkable results so far. Chiral CE offers an orthogonal enantioselectivity and is typically considered less costly than chromatographic techniques, since only minute amounts of chiral selectors are needed. Several CE approaches have been developed for chiral analysis, including chiral EKC and chiral CEC. Enantioseparations by EKC benefit from the wide variety of possible pseudostationary phases that can be employed. Chiral CEC, on the other hand, combines chromatographic separation principles with the bulk fluid movement of CE, benefitting from reduced band broadening as compared to pressure-driven systems. Although UV detection is conventionally used for these approaches, MS can also be considered. CE-MS represents a promising alternative due to the increased sensitivity and selectivity, enabling the chiral analysis of complex samples. The potential contamination of the MS ion source in EKC-MS can be overcome using partial-filling and counter-migration techniques. However, chiral analysis using monolithic and open-tubular CEC-MS awaits additional method validation and a dedicated commercial interface. Further efforts in chiral CE are expected toward the improvement of existing techniques, the development of novel pseudostationary phases, and establishing the use of chiral ionic liquids, molecular imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks. These developments will certainly foster the adoption of CE(-MS) as a well-established technique in routine chiral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky de Koster
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Charles P. Clark
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Tang B, Zhang X, Geng L, Sun L, Luo A. A chiral metal-organic cage used as the stationary phase for gas chromatography separations. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461792. [PMID: 33340747 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic cages (MOCs) are a new type of porous materials with unique molecular recognition ability, which have received research attention as a chiral stationary phase (CSP) for gas chromatography (GC). Herein, we report the detailed investigation of a chiral MOC ([Cu12(LPA)12(H2O)12], PA = L-phenylalanine, MOC-PA) as a novel stationary phase for GC separations. The MOC-PA capillary column exhibited a high-resolution performance for a wide range of analytes, including n-alkanes, n-alcohols, esters, aromatic compounds and the Grob mixture, positional isomers and racemates. In particular, MOC-PA coated column displayed good resolution and performance for amino acid derivatives. Moreover, the MOC-PA column showed excellent separation repeatability and reproducibility. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values for the retention times were in the range of 0.16-0.30% for run to run (n = 3), 0.31-0.77% for day-to-day (n = 3), and 3.6-4.7% for column-to-column (n = 3), respectively. The experimental results showed that MOC-PA had great potential as a GC stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Lina Geng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liquan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Aiqin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.
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16
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Wang T, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Ye J, Chu Q, Cheng G. Rapid preparation and evaluation of chiral open-tubular columns supported with bovine serum album and zeolite imidazolate framework-8 for mini-capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461284. [PMID: 32709334 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a class of novel and eco-friendly open-tubular (OT) chiral column was presented for the first time by one step preparation with zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and bovine serum album (BSA) based on electrostatic adsorption and adsorption affinity. This stationary phase materials combined the features of large surface areas and adsorption affinity of ZIF-8, and also the multiple chiral binding sites of BSA, which contributes to the π-interaction and hydrophobic interaction with the analytes. The separation performance of BSA@ZIF-8-OT chiral columns was evaluated with a miniaturized capillary electrochromatography and amperometric detection (mini-CEC-AD) system; in particular, nine groups of model molecules, including homologues, structural isomers, and chiral compounds, were baseline separated under the certain optimum conditions. The RSDs of run-to-run, day-to-day, column-to-column, and batch-to-batch reproducibility were less than 13.8 %. Furthermore, the prepared OT columns were successfully applied to fast analysis of ephedrine isomers in Chinese herb ephedra, and the LODs achieved 1.5-2.0 ng mL-1 (S/N=3) by an electrophoretic stacking technique of moving chemical reaction boundary. This mini-CEC-AD system with BSA@ZIF-8-OT chiral columns provides a promising potential in pharmaceutical analysis due to its fast, sensitive, enantioselective, and low-cost characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuhuan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Guifang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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17
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Zhao X, Liu L, Li N, Wang T, Chai Y, Yang Z, Ye J, Chu Q, Chen L. Zeolite silica nanoparticles-supported open-tubular columns for isomer and chiral separation using capillary electrochromatography coupled with amperometric detection. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04859f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Zeolite SiO2NPs OT columns with/without BSA were used for the separation of structural isomers, epimers and enantiomers by CEC-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Linzhen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Chai
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Ziyue Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- P. R. China
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18
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19
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Ambient temperature fabrication of a covalent organic framework from 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol and 1,4-phenylenediamine as a coating for use in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography of drugs and amino acids. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:650. [PMID: 31501947 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A covalent organic framework (COF) named TpPa-1 was designed and synthesized at ambient temperature by an ultrasound-assisted method from 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and 1,4-phenylenediamine (Pa-1). It was utilized as a stationary phase in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC). The column was coated with TpPa-1 using a covalent bonding strategy. The coated capillary was characterized by morphology, crystallography, and mesoporous analysis to confirm the successful fabrication. The OT-CEC method was utilized for the analysis of tetracyclines, sulfonamides, cephalosporins and amino acids with high-resolution (Rs > 1.81) and good precision (RSD < 4.9%). It takes about 12 h from COF preparation to OT-CEC separation. Graphical abstract A covalent organic framework (COF) named TpPa-1 was synthesized at ambient temperature by an ultrasound-assisted method from 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and 1,4-phenylenediamine (Pa-1). COF-TpPa-1 modified capillary column was utilized for the analysis of tetracyclines, sulfonamides, cephalosporins and amino acids with high-resolution and good precision.
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20
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Wang PL, Xie LH, Joseph EA, Li JR, Su XO, Zhou HC. Metal-Organic Frameworks for Food Safety. Chem Rev 2019; 119:10638-10690. [PMID: 31361477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Food safety is a prevalent concern around the world. As such, detection, removal, and control of risks and hazardous substances present from harvest to consumption will always be necessary. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of functional materials, possess unique physical and chemical properties, demonstrating promise in food safety applications. In this review, the synthesis and porosity of MOFs are first introduced by some representative examples that pertain to the field of food safety. Following that, the application of MOFs and MOF-based materials in food safety monitoring, food processing, covering preservation, sanitation, and packaging is overviewed. Future perspectives, as well as potential opportunities and challenges faced by MOFs in this field will also be discussed. This review aims to promote the development and progress of MOF chemistry and application research in the field of food safety, potentially leading to novel solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Long Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , P. R. China
| | - Lin-Hua Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , P. R. China
| | - Elizabeth A Joseph
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , P.O. Box 30012, College Station , Texas 77842-3012 , United States
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ou Su
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , P.O. Box 30012, College Station , Texas 77842-3012 , United States
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21
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Sun X, Tao Y, Du Y, Ding W, Chen C, Ma X. Metal organic framework HKUST-1 modified with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin for use in improved open tubular capillary electrochromatographic enantioseparation of five basic drugs. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:462. [PMID: 31227901 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This work shows that the metal organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1 of type Cu3(BTC)2 (also referred to as MOF-199; a face-centered-cubic MOF containing nanochannels) is a most viable coating for use in enantioseparation in capillary electrochromatography (CEC). A HKUST-1 modified capillary was prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. CEC-based enantioseparation of the basic drugs propranolol (PRO), esmolol (ESM), metoprolol (MET), amlodipine (AML) and sotalol (SOT) was performed by using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector. Compared with a fused-silica capillary, the resolutions are improved (ESM: 1.79; MET: 1.80; PRO: 4.35; SOT: 1.91; AML: 2.65). The concentration of chiral selector, buffer pH value, applied voltage and buffer concentration were optimized, and the reproducibilities of the migration times and Rs values were evaluated. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the preparation of a HKUST-1@capillary for enantioseparation of racemic drugs. Cu(NO3)2 and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) were utilized to prepare the HKUST-1@capillary. Then the capillary was applied to construct capillary electrochromatography system with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) for separation of basic racemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People's Republic of China
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22
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Mao Z, Chen Z. Advances in capillary electro-chromatography. J Pharm Anal 2019; 9:227-237. [PMID: 31452960 PMCID: PMC6702421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a micro-scale separation technique which is a hybrid between capillary electrophoresis (CE) and liquid chromatography (LC). CEC can be performed in packed, monolithic and open-tubular columns. In recent three years (from 2016 to 2018), enormous attention for CEC has been the development of novel stationary phases. This review mainly covers the development of novel stationary phases for open-tubular and monolithic columns. In particular, some biomaterials attracted increasing interest. There are no significant breakthroughs in technology and principles in CEC. The typical CEC applications, especially chiral separations are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10080, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10080, China
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23
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Wang X, Ye N, Hu X, Liu Q, Li J, Peng L, Ma X. Open-tubular capillary electrochromatographic determination of ten sulfonamides in tap water and milk by a metal-organic framework-coated capillary column. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2236-2245. [PMID: 29799133 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a metal-organic framework (MOF), [Mn(cam)(bpy)], was synthesized and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. An open-tubular capillary column was fabricated from [Mn(cam)(bpy)] via the amide coupling method. Ten types of sulfonamides were separated through the fabricated capillary column, which showed a good limits of detection (<0.07 μg/mL) and linear ranges (1-100 or 5-100 μg/mL) with a high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.9987). The intra-day, inter-day and column-to-column relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the migration times ranged from 0.44 to 4.87%, and the peak area RSDs ranged from 0.80 to 7.28%. The developed capillary electrochromatography method can be successfully utilized for the determination of sulfonamides in tap water and milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingye Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
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24
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Pan C, Lv W, Niu X, Wang G, Chen H, Chen X. Homochiral zeolite-like metal-organic framework with DNA like double-helicity structure as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography enantioseparation. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1541:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Zhang J, Chen Z. Metal-organic frameworks as stationary phase for application in chromatographic separation. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1530:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Wang X, Ye N. Recent advances in metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks for sample preparation and chromatographic analysis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3059-3078. [PMID: 28869768 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the field of analytical chemistry, sample preparation and chromatographic separation are two core procedures. The means by which to improve the sensitivity, selectivity and detection limit of a method have become a topic of great interest. Recently, porous organic frameworks, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have been widely used in this research area because of their special features, and different methods have been developed. This review summarizes the applications of MOFs and COFs in sample preparation and chromatographic stationary phases. The MOF- or COF-based solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) methods are described. The excellent properties of MOFs and COFs have resulted in intense interest in exploring their performance and mechanisms for sample preparation and chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
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27
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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28
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Liu Y, Hu J, Li Y, Shang YT, Wang JQ, Zhang Y, Wang ZL. Microwave assisted synthesis of metal-organic framework MIL-101 nanocrystals as sorbent and pseudostationary phase in capillary electrophoresis for the separation of anthraquinones in environmental water samples. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2521-2529. [PMID: 28719053 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a CE method was developed to separate five anthraquinones: aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion. The CE method used a nano-sized metal organic framework MIL-101 (nMIL-101) as pseudostationary phase (PSP) and sorbent for dispersed particle extraction (DPE). The nMIL-101 was synthesized by microwave technique and was characterized by UV-vis, TEM, Zeta potential, X-ray diffraction spectrometry and micropore physisorption. In this method, anthraquinones were adsorbed by nMIL-101 of a fast kinetics within 10 min and then separated by CE. The CE conditions were optimized considering time, pH, buffer ionic strength, and nanoparticles concentration. The optimal CE condition is using 20 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9.1) containing 15% methanol (v/v) and 400 mg/L nMIL-101 as additives within 8 min. The LODs varied from 24 to 57 μg/L, which were lower than those previously reported. Our method has been successfully applied to determine trace anthraquinones in environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- State Power Economic Research Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Tao Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Materials Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Tianjin Textile Fibre Inspection Institute, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Liang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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29
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A capillary coated with a metal-organic framework for the capillary electrochromatographic determination of cephalosporins. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Simultaneous separation of neutral and cationic analytes by one dimensional open tubular capillary electrochromatography using zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 as stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1484:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Ye N, Ma J, An J, Li J, Cai Z, Zong H. Separation of amino acid enantiomers by a capillary modified with a metal–organic framework. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02741e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent bonding of homochiral metal–organic framework in capillaries for amino acid enantiomer separation by capillary electrochromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jichao Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jianxin An
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Han Zong
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
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