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Stocker J, Wolfarth M, Dias JF, Niekraszewicz LAB, Cademartori CV, da Silva FR. Presence of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in Caracara (Polyborus) plancus living in an airport area in southern Brazil. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:675-686. [PMID: 38828979 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2361247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The aviation sector is believed to be responsible for considerable environmental damage attributed to emission of a large number and amount of pollutants. Airports are often surrounded by forest fragments and humid areas that attract birds of prey and hence may potentially serve as useful bioindicators. The aim of the present study was to examine genotoxic potential in raptors exposed to airport pollution using the micronucleus (MN) test and morphological changes as evidenced by bilateral symmetry. This investigation was conducted at Salgado Filho International Airport of Porto Alegre - RS as well as in private and zoological breeding grounds. The presence of metals was measured in the blood cells of the collected birds. Seventeen birds (Caracara (Polyborus) plancus) were used in this study 11 from exposed and 6 from non-exposed group. The nuclear alterations clearly indicate that organisms exposed to airport pollution exhibited a significantly higher frequency of genetic damage compared to non-exposed birds. Further, manganese and chromium were detected exclusively in the blood of the exposed group. In contrast, the analysis of bilateral symmetry did not detect any significant morphologic differences between the two groups. Therefore, data indicate that blood genotoxic stress occurs in birds of prey living in civil aviation areas as evidenced by MN frequency increase and presence of manganese and chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Stocker
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Micaele Wolfarth
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brazil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina V Cademartori
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Memória Social e Bens Culturais, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
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Sotero DF, Benvindo-Souza M, de Carvalho Lopes AT, de Freitas RMP, de Melo E Silva D. Damage on DNA and hematological parameters of two bat species due to heavy metal exposure in a nickel-mining area in central Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1000. [PMID: 37495738 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11526-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals in mining zones is a significant threat, which can affect ecosystem services and contribute to the decline of wild bat populations. The present study investigated the impacts caused by mining on two bat species in central Brazil, the nectarivorous Glossophaga soricina and the frugivorous Carollia perspicillata. The bats were collected from a nickel-mining zone (treatment) and a protected area (control). The leukocyte profile of each species was compiled and genotoxicity (comet assay) and mutagenicity (micronucleus test) were determined using the appropriate procedures. Glossophaga soricina presented significantly higher frequencies of eosinophils and monocytes in the mining zone in comparison with the protected area, whereas C. perspicillata presented higher frequencies of lymphocytes in the mining zone, but significantly lower frequencies of monocytes. Concomitantly, G. soricina also presented a higher frequency of DNA damage, although no variation was found in this parameter in C. perspicillata when comparing environments. We also found no significant differences between populations in terms of the frequency of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities. Overall, the results of the study indicate that bats are susceptible to immunological disorders and DNA damage in mining zones, with the nectarivorous G. soricina appearing to be relatively more susceptible and thus a potentially effective bioindicator of the impact of contamination in these environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiany Folador Sotero
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, S/N, Campus Samambaia, 74.690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources of the Cerrado at the State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Alice Tâmara de Carvalho Lopes
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, S/N, Campus Samambaia, 74.690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Pereira de Freitas
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, S/N, Campus Samambaia, 74.690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, S/N, Campus Samambaia, 74.690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Sandoval-Herrera N, Castillo JP, Ching MEA, Herrera M LG, Faure PA, Welch K. Non-destructive methods to assess pesticide exposure in free-living bats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162011. [PMID: 36737017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bat populations are dwindling worldwide due to anthropogenic activities like agriculture, however the role that pesticide exposure plays on these declines is unclear. To address these research gaps, we first need to develop reliable methods to detect and monitor exposure to environmental pollutants and its effects on free-living bats. The use of biomarkers is a sensitive and informative tool to study sublethal effects in wildlife, however it requires laboratory validation and integrative approaches to be applicable to free-living species. In this study, we propose a set of non-destructive biomarkers to evaluate pesticide exposure in free-ranging bats and validated their suitability with dose-exposure experiments in captivity. We selected three biomarkers that have been widely used in vertebrate ecotoxicology and that combined represent sensitive, specific, and ecologically relevant responses to pollutants: DNA damage, AChE activity, and leukocyte profiles. We used two insectivorous bat species as model species Eptesicus fuscus (laboratory) and Pteronotus mexicanus (field). We found that micronuclei frequency (genotoxicity) and AChE activity (exposure and neurotoxicity) were robust indicators of toxicant exposure. The validity of this set of endpoints was supported by their consistent performance in laboratory and field experiments as well as by the significant correlation among them. Leukocyte profile (systemic stress) results were not consistent between laboratory and field studies, suggesting further evaluation of its suitability is needed. Integrative approaches, like the one we used here, maximize the insights about toxicant effects by combining the information of single biomarkers into more meaningful inferences, which can be applied to environmental risk assessments in wildlife. Furthermore, the use of non-destructive, cost-effective biomarkers is imperative when assessing toxicant exposure and effects in vulnerable wildlife and it should be a priority in the field of wildlife toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sandoval-Herrera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jesusa Paz Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ma Enrica Angela Ching
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Gerardo Herrera M
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Paul A Faure
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Welch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Stocker J, Morel AP, Wolfarth M, Dias JF, Niekraszewicz LAB, Cademartori CV, Silva FRD. Basal levels of inorganic elements, genetic damages, and hematological values in captive Falco peregrinus. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220067. [PMID: 35638824 PMCID: PMC9152845 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is essential to determine the basal pattern of different biomarkers for future evaluation of animal health and biomonitoring studies. Due to their great displacement capacity and to being at the top of their food chains, birds of prey are suitable for monitoring purposes. Furthermore, some birds of prey are adapted to using resources in urban places, providing information about this environment. Thus, this study determined the basal frequency of micronuclei and other nuclear alterations in peripheral blood erythrocytes of Falco peregrinus. Hematological and inorganic elements analysis were also performed. For this purpose, 13 individuals (7 females and 6 males) were sampled in private breeding grounds. Micronucleus, nuclear buds, nucleoplasmic bridges, notched nuclei, binucleated cells and nuclear tails were quantified. Inorganic elements detected included the macro-elements Ca, P, Mg, Na, Cl, S and K as well as the micro-elements Fe, Al and Zn. Our study found similar values compared to previous studies determining the reference ranges of hematologic parameters in falcons. The only different value was observed in the relative number of monocytes. Thus, this study is the first approach to obtaining reference values of cytogenetic damage in this species and could be useful for future comparisons in biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Stocker
- Universidade La Salle, Laboratório de Ecogenotoxicologia, Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Universidade La Salle, Programa de Pós-graduação em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Morel
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica Veterinária, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Micaele Wolfarth
- Universidade La Salle, Laboratório de Ecogenotoxicologia, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina V Cademartori
- Universidade La Salle, Programa de Pós-graduação em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Universidade La Salle, Programa de Pós-graduação em Memória Social e Bens Culturais, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R da Silva
- Universidade La Salle, Laboratório de Ecogenotoxicologia, Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Universidade La Salle, Programa de Pós-graduação em Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Universidade La Salle, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Silveira EDR, Benvindo-Souza M, Assis RA, Dos Santos CGA, de Lima Amorim NP, Borges RE, de Melo C, de Souza Santos LR. Micronucleus and different nuclear abnormalities in wild birds in the Cerrado, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:14279-14287. [PMID: 34606051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Free-living birds play an important role as bioindicators in natural environments. In this study, we used the micronucleus test and nuclear erythrocyte abnormalities to investigate the difference in the genotoxic damage frequency between animals in agricultural areas (soybean planting) in relation to the conserved area. It was also discussed the bird's eating habits, which are important for ecotoxicological analysis. The results point to a difference between the insectivorous, granivorous, and omnivorous guilds. The omnivore Gnorimopsar chopi was the species that most exhibited micronucleus frequency in the protected area. In the agricultural area, the animals did not differ in the genotoxic damage frequency. In the comparison between common species in both environments, G. chopi from the agricultural area showed a micronuclei frequency almost three times higher in relation to specimens collected in the conserved area. Based on these results, this study adds to the efforts of using the micronucleus test as a simple and accessible tool for biomonitoring the wild fauna. It can be concluded that the passerine, G. chopi, due to its higher genotoxic damage frequency may be a strong candidate to indicate environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Divina Rodrigues Silveira
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I - Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University -Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Campus São José Do Rio Preto, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Cirley Gomes Araújo Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Nathan Pereira de Lima Amorim
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Department of Biology, University of Rio Verde, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes Do Saber, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Celine de Melo
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Instituto de Biologia, Federal University of Uberlândia, Bloco 2D - Campus Umuarama - Av. Ceará, s/n. BR 38400902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics, Institute Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
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Sandoval-Herrera N, Paz Castillo J, Herrera Montalvo LG, Welch KC. Micronucleus Test Reveals Genotoxic Effects in Bats Associated with Agricultural Activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:202-207. [PMID: 33283353 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bats play a vital role in our ecosystems and economies as natural pest-control agents, seed dispersers, and pollinators. Agricultural intensification, however, can impact bats foraging near crops, affecting the ecosystem services they provide. Exposure to pesticides, for example, may induce chromosome breakage or missegregation that can result in micronucleus formation. Detection of micronuclei is a simple, inexpensive, and relatively minimally invasive technique commonly used to evaluate chemical genotoxicity but rarely applied to assess wildlife genotoxic effects. We evaluated the suitability of the micronucleus test as a biomarker of genotoxicity for biomonitoring field studies in bats. We collected blood samples from insectivorous bats roosting in caves surrounded by different levels of disturbance (agriculture, human settlements) in Colima and Jalisco, west central Mexico. Then, we examined the frequency of micronucleus inclusions in erythrocytes using differentially stained blood smears. Bats from caves surrounded by proportionately more (53%) land used for agriculture and irrigated year-round had higher micronucleus frequency than bats from a less disturbed site (15% agriculture). We conclude that the micronucleus test is a sensitive method to evaluate genotoxic effects in free-ranging bats and could provide a useful biomarker for evaluating risk of exposure in wild populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:202-207. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sandoval-Herrera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jesusa Paz Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Gerardo Herrera Montalvo
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Kenneth C Welch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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Zemanova MA. Towards more compassionate wildlife research through the 3Rs principles: moving from invasive to non-invasive methods. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A. Zemanova
- M. A. Zemanova (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5002-3388) ✉ , Dept of Philosophy, Univ. of Basel, Steinengraben 5, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
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Benvindo-Souz M, Borges RE, Pacheco SM, Santos LRDS. Micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa of bats at different trophic levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:120-127. [PMID: 30690342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The micronucleus (MN) test in exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa is a relatively non-invasive method for the monitoring of populations exposed to genotoxic risks. In this study, the MN test was used as bats conservation strategy. The highest frequencies of micronuclei were recorded in the frugivorous bats sampled in both urban and agricultural environments, as well as in insectivorous bats from the urban zone. Female of this group (insectivorous) presented higher frequency of MN when compared to males. Other guilds showed no difference in gender assessments in each environment, as well as in the correlation between weight and MN. In addition to micronuclei, a number of other types of nuclear abnormality were recorded, including binucleated cells and karyolysis in the frugivores from the agricultural environment. Binucleated cells were also relatively common in urban frugivores and insectivores, and karyolysis was common in insectivores. Nectarivorous bats did not exhibit a significant increase in any type of nuclear abnormality in either environment. In summary, study results indicate that buccal mucosa of bats is a sensitive site for detecting micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities. However, more research is needed to indicate whether xenobiotic agents are affecting this cellular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Research Department, Institute Sauver and PCM Brazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Benvindo-Souza M, Borges RE, Pacheco SM, Santos LRDS. Genotoxicological analyses of insectivorous bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in central Brazil: The oral epithelium as an indicator of environmental quality. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:504-509. [PMID: 30458380 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The micronucleus (MN) test of the human buccal mucosa was developed more than 30 years ago, although this technique has only recently been applied to wild mammals. This paper presents a pioneering study in the genotoxicological evaluation of the exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa of bats. The assay was applied to two insectivorous bat species (Noctilio albiventris and Pteronotus parnellii) sampled in riparian corridors located in the city of Palmas (capital of the Brazilian state of Tocantins), with the results being compared with those obtained for a third insectivorous species (Nyctinomops laticaudatus), which has established a colony under a road bridge in the same region. This colony represents one of the largest molossidae populations ever recorded in Brazil. A significantly higher frequency of micronuclei was recorded in this colony, as well as a number of other nuclear abnormalities, including binucleated cells, cells with condensed chromatin and karyolysis, in comparison with the bats from the riparian corridors, indicating that the bats from the bridge colony are more susceptible to genotoxic damage. Thus, it is demonstrated the importance of the biomarker (MN) for use in wild animals and allows to conclude that colony bats are more susceptible to genotoxic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Research Department, Institute Sauver and PCMBrazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Benvindo-Souza M, Assis RA, Oliveira EAS, Borges RE, Santos LRDS. The micronucleus test for the oral mucosa: global trends and new questions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27724-27730. [PMID: 29152700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews global trends in the publication of papers on the micronucleus test of the exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa in mammals as an approach for environmental biomonitoring. This test has been widely used due to its precision for the detection of chromosome damage. Our temporal analysis showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the publication of papers on the oral mucosa over the past 33 years. Brazil was the country that published most papers (24% of the total), followed by India (16%), the USA (10%), Mexico (7%), and Turkey (6%). A further 30 countries contributed the other 37% of the papers. Overall, 99% of the micronucleus studies involved human subjects, and only 1% involved other mammals. As many wild mammals are subject to the same environmental pressures as humans, in particular chemical pollution, it seems likely that many species are equally susceptible to genotoxicogical damage. We emphasize the importance of applying this technique to the analysis of the oral mucosa of wild mammals, as well as the evaluation of its effectiveness, as observed in humans, and the expansion of the available approaches to the monitoring of environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Eliane Andreia Santos Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Rio Verde, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, GO, CEP: 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
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de Souza JM, Montalvão MF, da Silva AR, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Malafaia G. A pioneering study on cytotoxicity in Australian parakeets (Melopsittacus undulates) exposed to tannery effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:521-533. [PMID: 28254717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Waste effluent from the tannery industry is a major source of environmental pollution. Considering that the bird intake of water contaminated with tannery effluent constitutes a potential genotoxic source, especially for birds inhabiting areas closest to tanning industries, the aim of this study is to assess the possible mutagenic effects that the intake may have on Melopsittacus undulatus (Australian parakeet). In order to do so, adult male and female M. undulatus were distributed in two experimental groups: control (drinking water) and TE (5%). After 60 days of exposure, the micronucleus test, as well as tests looking for other nuclear abnormalities in the peripheral blood of the birds were performed. The male and female birds exposed to the pollutant have presented the highest total number of nuclear abnormalities, as well as increased individual abnormalities such as nuclei with symmetrical constricted bi-lobed/bi-nucleated erythrocytes, indented nuclei and micro-lobed nuclei (top)/micro-nuclei (bottom). In addition, the exposure to TE has caused a nuclear variant increase rarely reported in the literature concerning poultry erythrocyte nuclei. The birds exposed to the pollutant have presented the highest frequency of displaced nuclei forming different rotation/displacement angles within the cells. Therefore, the current study confirmed the toxicological potential of TE and was pioneer in showing that male and female M. undulatus exposed to pollutant present the highest frequency of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, thus corroborating the initial hypothesis herein presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Santos CSA, Brandão R, Monteiro MS, Bastos AC, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Assessment of DNA damage in Ardea cinerea and Ciconia ciconia: A 5-year study in Portuguese birds retrieved for rehabilitation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 136:104-110. [PMID: 27833047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the presence of micronucleated blood cells has been used to detect genotoxic effects of xenobiotics in fish, amphibians and birds. This study assessed the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of individuals of Ardea cinerea and Ciconia ciconia retrieved for rehabilitation in order to evaluate the influence of age, temporal and spatial factors on the occurrence of DNA damage in Portuguese wild birds. Blood smears from 65 birds with different life-history backgrounds (e.g. geographic origin, age) were collected between 2007 and 2011 and the frequency of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) was analysed. Differences in DNA damage between ages were observed to occur in C. ciconia, with chicks displaying significantly higher frequencies of ENAs (both when looking at total ENAs or only MN frequency) than juveniles and adults. Additionally, significant differences in ENAs frequencies were observed between different years and geographic origins, whereas MN frequency alone did not show significant alterations concerning spatial and temporal variations. These results suggest that the assessment of ENAs rather than MN frequency alone may be a useful and valuable tool to complement the evaluation of DNA damage in populations of birds, as prompted by individual life-history traits and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia S A Santos
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ricardo Brandão
- CERVAS -Centre of Ecology, Rehabilitation and Vigilance of Wildlife, Gouveia, Portugal
| | - Marta S Monteiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana C Bastos
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Quero AAM, Ferré DM, Zarco A, Cuervo PF, Gorla NBM. Erythrocyte micronucleus cytome assay of 17 wild bird species from the central Monte desert, Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:25224-25231. [PMID: 27687758 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Birds have the potential to be considered valuable bioindicators of the quality of ecosystems and the environmental impact of pollutants. The aims of this study were to determine the micronuclei frequency and other nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes by analyzing a wild bird community from central Monte desert (Argentina) and to clarify if there were any differences among certain species. Frequencies of nuclear abnormalities were determined in 73 wild birds belonging to 17 species and two orders (Passeriformes and Columbiformes). A high proportion of individuals, 90.4 and 80.9 %, had erythrocytes with micronuclei and nuclear buds, respectively. Notched nuclei, binucleated cells, nuclear tails, and nucleoplasmic bridges were also recorded. Certain species appeared to be more informative than others with regard to the possibility of being used as bioindicators of genetic damage. Saltator aurantiirostris and Columbina picui were the only species that showed significantly different frequencies of nuclear alterations, in comparison with the other species. The frequencies here presented are the first reported for these bird species from the orders Passeriformes and Columbiformes. This research supports the notion that the use of these biomarkers could be effectively applied to evaluate spontaneous or induced genetic instability in wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo A M Quero
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción (GenAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Daniela M Ferré
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción (GenAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Agustín Zarco
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA), CCT Mendoza- CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Pablo F Cuervo
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades (LEcEN), Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral, UNL - CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nora B M Gorla
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción (GenAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
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