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Mariz CF, Nascimento JVG, Morais BS, Alves MKM, Rojas LAV, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Carvalho PSM. Toxicity of the oil spilled on the Brazilian coast at different degrees of natural weathering to early life stages of the zebrafish Danio rerio. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116819. [PMID: 39182410 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Toxicity of water accommodated fractions (WAF) from the oil spilled on the Brazilian coast at different stages of weathering were investigated using Danio rerio. Weathering stages included emulsified oil that reached the coast (OM) and oil collected 50 days later deposited on beach sand (OS) or adhered to shore rocks (OR). Parent and alkylated naphthalenes decreased whereas phenanthrenes increased from less weathered WAF-OM to more weathered WAF-OS and WAF-OR. More weathered WAF-OS and WAF-OR were more potent inducers of zebrafish developmental delay, suggesting that parent and alkylated phenanthrenes are involved. However, less weathered WAF-OM was a more potent inducer of failure in swim-bladder inflation than more weathered WAF-OS and WAF-OR, suggesting that parent and alkylated naphthalenes are involved. Decreases in heart rates and increased heart and skeletal deformities were observed in exposed larvae. Lowest observed effect concentrations for different developmental toxicity endpoints are within environmentally relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célio Freire Mariz
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - João V Gomes Nascimento
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Bruna Santana Morais
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria K Melo Alves
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Lino Angel Valcarcel Rojas
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
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Yang G, Liu J, Yang Q, Gu W. Toxicity of soil leaching liquor from coking plant in developmental zebrafish embryos/larvae model. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39164216 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The coking industry in China is the largest coke supplier in the world. Contaminated soil in industrial areas poses a serious threat to human and ecosystems. Most of the studies investigated the toxicity of soil from coking plant on soil microorganisms, while the toxic effects of soil leaching liquor on aquatics are limited. In this study, the composition of soil leaching liquor from a coking plant in Taiyuan (TY) was analyzed, and the developmental toxicity on zebrafish was evaluated. The results showed that a total of 91 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the leaching liquor, followed by phenols and benzene series. The leaching liquor induced developmental impairment in zebrafish larvae, including delayed incubation, deficits in locomotor behavior, vascular and cardiac dysplasia, and impaired neurodevelopment. The results of metabolomics analysis showed that TY soil leaching liquor induced significant metabolic profile disturbances in zebrafish embryos/larvae. The developmental toxicity of the leaching liquor metabolic disorders may be associated with the leaching liquor-induced abnormalities in zebrafish embryonic development. Metabolic pathways were identified by arginine and proline metabolism, phosphotransferase system, starch and sucrose metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, beta-alanine metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Yang
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jining Liu
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China
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da S Moreira TC, de Oliveira AFB, de Lucena PGC, do Nascimento ES, de Almeida LMF, de Araújo-Castro CMV, Rojas LAV, Yogui GT, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Santos JM. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater after the mysterious oil spill of 2019 on the Pernambuco coast, northeast Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116395. [PMID: 38703626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In 2019, one of Brazil's most significant environmental disasters occurred, involving an oil spill that directly affected Pernambuco state. Contamination along the coast was evaluated by the quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fifty seawater samples collected in the summer and winter of 2021. Analysis using fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that for all the samples, levels of dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons (DDPHs) were higher than the regional baseline for tropical western shores of the Atlantic Ocean. GC-MS analyses quantified 17 PAHs in the samples, with highest total PAHs concentrations of 234 ng L-1 in summer and 33.3 ng L-1 in winter, which were consistent with the highest risks observed in ecotoxicity assays. The use of diagnostic ratios showed that the coast was impacted by a mixture of PAHs from petrogenic and pyrolytic sources. The results indicated the need for continuous monitoring of the regions affected by the 2019 spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayane Cristina da S Moreira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia B de Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Gabriel C de Lucena
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Estefani S do Nascimento
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M F de Almeida
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Lino Angel V Rojas
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Gilvan T Yogui
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Jandyson M Santos
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil.
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de Sousa HS, Arruda-Santos R, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Suarez WT, de Oliveira JL, Farias RA, Bezerra Dos Santos V. A novel in situ method for linear alkylbenzene sulfonate quantification in environmental samples using a digital image-based method. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2009-2018. [PMID: 38517487 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Surfactants from detergents, when inadequately treated in sewage treatment plants, are carried away into estuaries, resulting in the contamination of aquatic environments. It is thus necessary to develop rapid and efficient techniques that are capable of effectively monitoring these pollutants. In this context, for the first time in the literature, this study reports the development and application of a digital image-based (DIB) method for the in situ quantification of the anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in water bodies using a smartphone. The DIB method is a highly effective modern detection method based on methylene blue, which is employed as a modified alternative technique to the spectrophotometric method and commonly used in environmental studies; in the DIB method, the images of interest are obtained using a smartphone and the analyses are carried out using free software Color grab. The results obtained from the application of the DIB method showed that the method possesses high precision and accuracy, with a linear calibration curve in the range of 0.15 to 4.5 mg L-1, R2 = 0.993, a limit of detection of 6.0 μg L-1, and recovery rates ranging from 82.7% to 114%. The efficacy of the proposed method was evaluated by comparing its results with those of spectrophotometry (used as a reference method) through the analysis of environmental samples obtained from the Capibaribe River Estuary using methylene blue. No statistically significant differences were observed between the results obtained from the DIB and the spectrophotometric method. The innovative method proposed in this study is fast, economical and environmentally friendly; the technique involves the use of only a few microliters of samples and generates little waste compared to spectrophotometry. In addition, the proposed method is applicable for in situ analyses, allowing real-time monitoring of LAS in different types of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helayne S de Sousa
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Roxanny Arruda-Santos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Willian T Suarez
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Renata A Farias
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Vagner Bezerra Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Dos Santos RL, Mariz CF, Mascarenhas-Júnior PB, Barboza RSL, Dos Santos EM, de Sousa Correia JM, de Carvalho PSM. Nondestructive Evaluation of Metal Bioaccumulation and Biochemical Biomarkers in Blood of Broad-Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris) from Northeastern Brasil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38411291 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of contaminants in Crocodylians are scarce. We evaluated alterations in concentrations of the nondestructive biomarkers butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH), together with bioaccumulation of the metals iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chronium (Cr), aluminium (Al), and lead (Pb) in Caiman latirostris captured in Tapacurá Reservoir (TR; São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brasil), in urbanized areas of Pernambuco State (UA; Brasil) and from the AME Brasil caiman farm (AF; Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas, Brasil); the latter was used as a potential reference with low levels of contamination. For metal analysis, 500 µL of blood was digested in 65% HNO3 and 30% H2 O2 . The samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. For analysis of biomarkers, an aliquot of blood was centrifuged to obtain plasma in which biochemical assays were performed. Blood concentrations of metals analyzed in animals from AF were lower compared with TR and UA, confirming that animals from the caiman farm could be used as references with low levels of contamination. Iron, Cu, Mn, Al, and Pb exceeded toxic levels for other vertebrates in animals from TR and UA. Butyrylcholinesterase activity showed significant reduction in adults from UA and TR compared with AF. An increase in the activity of GST and GSH, in adults of TR and UA in relation to AF, was verified. Superoxide dismutase activity showed a significant reduction in adults of TR in relation to AF, and the concentrations of Cu and Mn were negatively correlated with SOD activity. Animals from UA and TR showed greater concentrations of the analyzed metals compared with reference animals, and changes in biomarkers were seen, confirming the potential of these nondestructive chemical and biological parameters in blood of C. latirostris for biomonitoring of pollution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-18. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa Lima Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Paulo Braga Mascarenhas-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Rafael Sá Leitão Barboza
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
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Silva JGD, Chagas CA, Souza TGDS, Araújo MCD, Araújo LCAD, Santos AMM, Sá RADQCD, Alves RBDO, Rodrigues RHA, Silva HPD, Malafaia G, Bezerra RDS, Oliveira MBMD. Using structural equation modeling to assess the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of heavy metal contamination in the freshwater ecosystems: A study involving Oreochromis niloticus in an urban river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169529. [PMID: 38160826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemical pollutants represent a leading problem for aquatic ecosystems, as they can induce genetic, biochemical, and physiological changes in the species of these ecosystems, thus compromising their adaptability and survival. The Capibaribe River runs through the state of Pernambuco, located in Northeastern Brazil, and passes through areas of agricultural cultivation, densely populated cities, and industrial centers, primarily textiles. Despite its importance, few ecotoxicological studies have been conducted on its environment, and knowledge about pollution patterns and their effects on its biota is still being determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality and the damage supposed to be caused by pollutants on the DNA specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) obtained from seven strategic points of Capibaribe. Tilapia specimens and water were collected during the rainy and dry seasons from 2015 to 2017. The following characteristics were analyzed: physicochemical (six), metal concentration (seven), local pluviosity, micronuclei, and comet assay. The physicochemical and heavy metal analyses were exploratory, whereas the ecotoxicological analyses were hypothetical. To verify this hypothesis, we compared the groups of fish collected to the results of the micronuclei test and comet assay. We created a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine how each metal's micronuclei variables, damage index, pluviosity, and concentration were related. Our results demonstrated that the highest values for markers of genetic damage were detected at points with the highest heavy metal concentrations, especially iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, and cadmium. The SEM demonstrated that metals could explain the findings of the genotoxicity markers. Moreover, other pollutants, such as pesticides, should be considered, mainly where the river passes through rural areas. The results presented here demonstrate that the Capibaribe River has different degrees of contamination and confirm our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordany Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- Laboratório de Ciências Morfológicas e Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Marlyete Chagas de Araújo
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - André Maurício Melo Santos
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rosner Henrique Alves Rodrigues
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres de Pernambuco -IRRD, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Hernande Pereira da Silva
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres - IRRD/UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE/UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
| | - Ranilson de Souza Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Alves RN, Mariz CF, de Melo Alves MK, da Silva ASX, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Carvalho PSM. Zebrafish as a biological model for assessing water quality along tropical hydrographic river basins in Northeast Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:908-925. [PMID: 37726560 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Tropical rivers are the main destinations for tailings from urban, industrial and agricultural activities in the region studied. The present study aimed to investigate if early stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) development is a viable biological model to assess the toxicity of surface waters of tropical rivers, and whether that toxicity could be correlated to standard water quality indexes. Embryos were exposed to samples from 55 sites from 10 hydrographic basins of rivers in Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. Lethality rates, sublethal toxicity based on the general morphology score (GMS) and frequencies of abnormalities were analyzed. Significant mortality was observed in samples of 7 basins. The GMS indicated significant delay in embryo-larval development in 50% of the samples. The highest toxicity was detected in basins within Recife metropolitan area, where 61% of the samples caused sublethal toxicity. Most frequent developmental abnormalities included non-inflation of the swim bladder, delayed hatching and blood stasis. The highest frequencies of blood stasis were detected in samples with highest NH3 concentrations, corroborated by a positive correlation suggesting the existence of a causal relationship. A significant correlation was detected between water quality indexes and GMS with a greater toxic effect being observed in samples collected in areas of greater urban density and greater contamination by domestic sewage. This study demonstrates that the early stages of the zebrafish is a viable ecotoxicological model to assess the toxicity of surface waters and can contribute to a better understanding between the chemical composition and the adverse effects suffered by fish early life stage fish in tropical rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Nepomuceno Alves
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolaine de Melo Alves
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-920, Brazil
| | | | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-920, Brazil.
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de Oliveira MEG, da Silva MV, de Almeida GLP, Pandorfi H, Oliveira Lopes PM, Manrique DRC, Dos Santos A, Jardim AMDRF, Giongo PR, Montenegro AADA, da Silva Junior CA, de Oliveira-Júnior JF. Investigation of pre and post environmental impact of the lockdown (COVID-19) on the water quality of the Capibaribe and Tejipió rivers, Recife metropolitan region, Brazil. JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES 2022; 118:103965. [PMID: 35991356 PMCID: PMC9375646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has seriously affected human health, although some improvements on environmental indexes have temporarily occurred, due to changes on socio-cultural and economic standards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of the coronavirus and the influence of the lockdown associated with rainfall on the water quality of the Capibaribe and Tejipió rivers, Recife, Northeast Brazil, using cloud remote sensing on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The study was carried out based on eight representative images from Sentinel-2. Among the selected images, two refer to the year 2019 (before the pandemic), three refer to 2020 (during a pandemic), two from the lockdown period (2020), and one for the year 2021. The land use and land cover (LULC) and slope of the study region were determined and classified. Water turbidity data were subjected to descriptive and multivariate statistics. When analyzing the data on LULC for the riparian margin of the Capibaribe and Tejipió rivers, a low permanent preservation area was found, with a predominance of almost 100% of the urban area to which the deposition of soil particles in rivers are minimal. The results indicated that turbidity values in the water bodies varied from 6 mg. L-1 up to 40 mg. L-1. Overall, the reduction in human-based activities generated by the lockdown enabled improvements in water quality of these urban rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gledson Luiz Pontes de Almeida
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Héliton Pandorfi
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pabricio Marcos Oliveira Lopes
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Avenue, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP: 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Rosyur Castro Manrique
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Anderson Dos Santos
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Rogerio Giongo
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Goiás, Via Protestato Joaquim Bueno, 945, Perímetro Urbano, 75920-000, Santa Helena de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
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