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Pandey S, Jain A, Vagha S. Insights Into Colorectal Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of MicroRNA Expression Patterns. Cureus 2024; 16:e56739. [PMID: 38650823 PMCID: PMC11033970 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains a significant contributor to cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression and play critical roles in various biological processes, including carcinogenesis. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the role of miRNAs in CRC by analyzing their expression patterns and functional implications. An extensive literature review identified dysregulated miRNAs associated with different stages of CRC progression, from initiation to metastasis. These miRNAs modulate key signaling pathways in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC management. Future research directions include elucidating the functional significance of dysregulated miRNAs using advanced experimental models and computational approaches and exploring the therapeutic potential of miRNA-based interventions in personalized treatment strategies for CRC patients. Collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and industry partners will be essential to translate these findings into clinically impactful interventions that improve patient outcomes in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Pandey
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Akriti Jain
- Pathology, Delhi State Cancer Institute, Delhi, IND
| | - Sunita Vagha
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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2
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Wei Y, Yang W, Huang Q, Chen Y, Zeng K, Chen J, Chen J. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cell (CTC)-specific microRNA (miRNA) in breast cancer. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:229-234. [PMID: 36574883 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As a noninvasive method, circulating tumor cell (CTC) provides ideal liquid biopsy specimens for early cancer screening and diagnosis. CTCs detection in breast cancer is correlated with patient prognosis such as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Besides, accumulating evidence supported that CTCs count may be indicator for chemotherapy response as well. The functional roles of microRNA (miRNA) in breast cancer have been well-recognized for the last few years. Due to its stability in circulation, numerous studies have proven that circulating miRNA may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. The potential ability of miRNAs in disease screening, staging or even molecular subtype classification makes them valuable tools for early breast cancer patients. It would be of great significance to characterize the miRNA expression profile in CTCs, which could provide reliable biological information originated from tumor. However, some issues need to be addressed before the utility of CTC-specific miRNAs in clinical setting. Taken together, we believe that CTC-specific miRNA detection will be trend for early breast cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment monitor in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Wei
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Weiqin Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qingnan Huang
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kai Zeng
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Medicine & Rehabilitation, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
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3
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Fariha A, Hami I, Tonmoy MIQ, Akter S, Al Reza H, Bahadur NM, Rahaman MM, Hossain MS. Cell cycle associated miRNAs as target and therapeutics in lung cancer treatment. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11081. [PMID: 36303933 PMCID: PMC9593298 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Limited therapeutic options and resistance to existing drugs are the major hindrances to the clinical success of this cancer. In the past decade, several studies showed the role of microRNA (miRNA) driven cell cycle regulation in lung cancer progression. Therefore, these small nucleotide molecules could be utilized as promising tools in lung cancer therapy. In this review, we highlighted the recent advancements in lung cancer therapy using cell cycle linked miRNAs. By highlighting the roles of the specific cell cycle core regulators affiliated miRNAs in lung cancer, we further outlined how these miRNAs can be explored in early diagnosis and treatment strategies to prevent lung cancer. With the provided information from our review, more medical efforts can ensure a potential breakthrough in miRNA-based lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atqiya Fariha
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Ithmam Hami
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Shahana Akter
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Al Reza
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Newaz Mohammed Bahadur
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mizanur Rahaman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh,Corresponding author.
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh,Corresponding author.
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4
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Konoshenko M, Lansukhay Y, Krasilnikov S, Laktionov P. MicroRNAs as Predictors of Lung-Cancer Resistance and Sensitivity to Cisplatin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147594. [PMID: 35886942 PMCID: PMC9321818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy, cisplatin (DDP) specifically, is the main strategy for treating lung cancer (LC). However, currently, there is a lack of predictive drug-resistance markers, and there is increased interest in the development of a reliable and sensitive panels of markers for DDP chemotherapy-effectiveness prediction. MicroRNAs represent a perspective pool of markers for chemotherapy effectiveness. Objectives: Data on miRNAs associated with LC DDP chemotherapy response are summarized and analyzed. Materials and methods: A comprehensive review of the data in the literature and an analysis of bioinformatics resources were performed. The gene targets of miRNAs, as well as their reciprocal relationships with miRNAs, were studied using several databases. Results and Discussion: The complex analysis of bioinformatics resources and the literature indicated that the expressions of 12 miRNAs have a high predictive potential for LC DDP chemotherapy responses. The obtained information was discussed from the point of view of the main mechanisms of LC chemoresistance. Conclusions: An overview of the published data and bioinformatics resources, with respect to the predictive microRNA markers of chemotherapy response, is presented in this review. The selected microRNAs and gene panel have a high potential for predicting LC DDP sensitiveness or DDP resistance as well as for the development of a DDP co-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Konoshenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuriy Lansukhay
- Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Sergey Krasilnikov
- Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Pavel Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Y.L.); (S.K.)
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5
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Di Martino MT, Arbitrio M, Caracciolo D, Cordua A, Cuomo O, Grillone K, Riillo C, Caridà G, Scionti F, Labanca C, Romeo C, Siciliano MA, D'Apolito M, Napoli C, Montesano M, Farenza V, Uppolo V, Tafuni M, Falcone F, D'Aquino G, Calandruccio ND, Luciano F, Pensabene L, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. miR-221/222 as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention on cancer and other diseases: A systematic review. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:1191-1224. [PMID: 35282417 PMCID: PMC8891816 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among deregulated microRNAs (miRs) in human malignancies, miR-221 has been widely investigated for its oncogenic role and as a promising biomarker. Moreover, recent evidence suggests miR-221 as a fine-tuner of chronic liver injury and inflammation-related events. Available information also supports the potential of miR-221 silencing as promising therapeutic intervention. In this systematic review, we selected papers from the principal databases (PubMed, MedLine, Medscape, ASCO, ESMO) between January 2012 and December 2020, using the keywords "miR-221" and the specific keywords related to the most important hematologic and solid malignancies, and some non-malignant diseases, to define and characterize deregulated miR-221 as a valuable therapeutic target in the modern vision of molecular medicine. We found a major role of miR-221 in this view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Cordua
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Onofrio Cuomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulio Caridà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Labanca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Romeo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Anna Siciliano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria D'Apolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Napoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina Montesano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Farenza
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Uppolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Tafuni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Falcone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Aquino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Luciano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Licia Pensabene
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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6
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de Oliveira DT, Guerra-Sá R. Uncovering epigenetic landscape: a new path for biomarkers identification and drug development. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9097-9122. [PMID: 33089404 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scientific advances in recent decades have revealed an incredible degree of plasticity in gene expression in response to various environmental, nutritional, physiological, pathological, and behavioral conditions. Epigenetics emerges in this sense, as the link between the internal (genetic) and external (environmental) factors underlying the expression of the phenotype. Methylation of DNA and histone post-translationa modifications are canonical epigenetic events. Additionally, noncoding RNAs molecules (microRNAs and lncRNAs) have also been proposed as another layer of epigenetic regulation. Together, these events are responsible for regulating gene expression throughout life, controlling cellular fate in both normal and pathological development. Despite being a relatively recent science, epigenetics has been arousing the interest of researchers from different segments of the life sciences and the general public. This review highlights the recent advances in the characterization of the epigenetic events and points promising use of these brands for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of diseases. We also present several classes of epigenetic modifying compounds with therapeutic applications (so-call epidrugs) and their current status in clinical trials and approved by the FDA. In summary, hopefully, we provide the reader with theoretical bases for a better understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms and of the promising application of these marks and events in the medical clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Teixeira de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
| | - Renata Guerra-Sá
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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7
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Polini B, Carpi S, Romanini A, Breschi MC, Nieri P, Podestà A. Circulating cell-free microRNAs in cutaneous melanoma staging and recurrence or survival prognosis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019; 32:486-499. [PMID: 30481404 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a skin cancer with increasing incidence. Identification of novel clinical biomarkers able to detect the stage of disease and suggest prognosis could improve treatment and outcome for melanoma patients. Cell-free microRNAs (cf-miRNAs) are the circulating copies of short non-coding RNAs involved in gene expression regulation. They are released into the interstitial fluid, are detectable in blood and other body fluids and have interesting features of ideal biomarker candidates. They are stable outside the cell, tissue specific, vary along with cancer development and are sensitive to change in the disease course such as progression or therapeutic response. Moreover, they are accessible by non-invasive methods or venipuncture. Some articles have reported different cf-miRNAs with the potential of diagnostic tools for melanoma staging, recurrence and survival prediction. Although some concordance of results is already emerging, differences in analytical methods, normalization strategies and tumour staging still will require further research and standardization prior to clinical usage of cf-miRNA analysis. This article reviews this literature with the aim of contributing to a shared focusing on these new promising tools for melanoma treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adriano Podestà
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Cheung KWE, Choi SYR, Lee LTC, Lee NLE, Tsang HF, Cheng YT, Cho WCS, Wong EYL, Wong SCC. The potential of circulating cell free RNA as a biomarker in cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:579-590. [PMID: 31215265 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1633307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wan Emily Cheung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sin-yu Rachel Choi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lok Ting Claire Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Nga Lam Ella Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hin Fung Tsang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yin Tung Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - William Chi Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Elaine Yue Ling Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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9
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Distinct Prognostic Values of Phospholipase C Beta Family Members for Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4256524. [PMID: 31080817 PMCID: PMC6475572 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4256524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a main cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The relationships of the phospholipase C beta (PLCB) enzymes, which are encoded by the genes PLCB1, PLCB2, PLCB3, and PLCB4, with NSCLC have not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify any correlations between NSCLC prognosis and the expression patterns of PLCB family members. Materials and Methods The prognostic values of the PLCB gene family members in NSCLC patients were evaluated using the “Kaplan–Meier plotter” database, which includes updated gene expression data and survival information of a total of 1,926 NSCLC patients. The GeneMANIA plugin of Cytoscape software was used to evaluate the relationships of the four PLCB family members at the gene and protein levels. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Results High mRNA expression levels of PLCB1, PLCB2, and PLCB3 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) of all NSCLC patients and significantly associated with poor prognosis of adenocarcinoma. In contrast, high mRNA expression of PLCB4 was associated with better OS of adenocarcinoma patients. In addition, the expression levels of the PLCB family members were correlated to smoking status, clinical stage, and patient sex but not radiotherapy and chemotherapy outcomes. Conclusions PLCB1, PLCB2, PLCB3, and PLCB4 appear to be potential biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. The prognostic values of the PLCB genes require further investigations.
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10
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Zhao W, Zhang H, Su JY. MicroRNA‑29a contributes to intracranial aneurysm by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2945-2954. [PMID: 30015903 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is an abnormal expansion in the intracranial arteries that weakens the arterial wall by consistently pushing the vascular wall outwards, which leads to a higher risk of aneurysm rupture. A number of reports have demonstrated that apoptosis is associated with the growth and rupture of IA. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) perform vital roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and signaling proteins. Increasing evidence has already revealed the role of miR‑29a in injury, including liver injury, cardiovascular injury and ischaemia‑reperfusion injury. However, the role of miR‑29a in IA remains unclear at present. The present study investigated the role of miR‑29a in IA pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. By using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, the present study demonstrated that genes, including caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9, and proteins, including cytochrome c and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl‑1), involved in mitochondrial apoptosis pathways were upregulated in IA groups compared with controls. In addition, microarray analysis demonstrated that miR‑29a, one of the most altered miRs in IA mice, was overexpressed in IA mice compared with controls. In vitro experiments revealed that miR‑29a downregulation attenuated human brain vascular smooth muscle cell (HBVSMC) apoptosis, while miR‑29a overexpression increased the apoptosis of HBVSMCs. Furthermore, luciferase reporter analysis revealed that Mcl‑1 is a direct target gene of miR‑29a. An in vivo IA model confirmed that miR‑29a overexpression may promote apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways. It was therefore concluded that miR‑29a may contribute to the progression of IA by regulating mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Thus, miR‑29a is a potential therapeutic target for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhao
- First Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
| | - Haifang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, People's Hospital of Handan, Handan, Hebei 056001, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ying Su
- First Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
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11
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Arneth B. Update on the types and usage of liquid biopsies in the clinical setting: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:527. [PMID: 29728089 PMCID: PMC5935950 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This systematic review aimed to gather evidence from research on the current state of liquid biopsy in medical practice, specifically focusing on mutation detection and monitoring. Methods A systematic search was performed via Medline. Results The results of this investigation indicate that liquid biopsy plays a critical role in the detection and management of tumors. This technique gives healthcare providers the ability to gather critical and reliable information that may potentially shape the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a variety of cancers in the near future. This study further reveals that liquid biopsy has several potential shortcomings that may limit its application and use in the healthcare setting. Nevertheless, liquid biopsy remains a valuable tool that is gradually becoming a part of routine healthcare practice in oncology departments and hospitals worldwide. Conclusions The evidence described herein reveals the potential relevance of liquid biopsy as an important prognostic, diagnostic, and theranostic tool. This non-invasive procedure enables healthcare practitioners to detect and monitor genomic alterations and will likely replace tumor tissue biopsy as the standard method for detecting and monitoring mutations in the future. The information obtained herein can enable physicians to make informed decisions regarding current treatment options; however, liquid biopsy has not yet been incorporated into routine clinical diagnostics for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borros Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg UKGM, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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12
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Liang W, Zhao Y, Huang W, Liang H, Zeng H, He J. Liquid biopsy for early stage lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S876-S881. [PMID: 29780634 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, which analyzes biological fluids especially blood specimen to detect and quantify circulating cancer biomarkers, have been rapidly introduced and represents a promising potency in clinical practice of lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Unlike conventional tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is non-invasive, safe, simple in procedure, and is not influenced by manipulators' skills. Notably, some circulating cancer biomarkers are already detectable in disease with low-burden, making liquid biopsy feasible in detecting early stage lung cancer. In this review, we described a landscape of different liquid biopsy methods by highlighting the rationale and advantages, accessing the value of various circulating biomarkers and discussing their possible future development in the detection of early lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Weizhe Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hengrui Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Haikang Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
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13
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Zhou X, Wen W, Shan X, Zhu W, Xu J, Guo R, Cheng W, Wang F, Qi LW, Chen Y, Huang Z, Wang T, Zhu D, Liu P, Shu Y. A six-microRNA panel in plasma was identified as a potential biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6513-6525. [PMID: 28036284 PMCID: PMC5351649 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Differently expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of lung adenocarcinoma (LA) patients might serve as biomarkers for LA detection. MiRNA expression profiling was performed using Exiqon panels followed by the verification (30 LA VS. 10 healthy controls (HCs)) with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in the screening phase. Identified miRNAs were confirmed through training (42 LA VS. 32 HCs) and testing stages (66 LA VS. 62 HCs) by using qRT-PCR based absolute quantification methods. A total of six up-regulated plasma miRNAs (miR-19b-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-425-5p and miR-584-5p) were identified. The six-miRNA panel could discriminate LA patients from HCs with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.72, 0.74 and 0.84 for the training, testing and the external validation stage (33 LA VS. 30 HCs), respectively. All the miRNAs identified except miR-584-5p were significantly up-regulated in LA tissues. MiR-19-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-409-3p and miR-425-5p showed high expression in arterial plasma with borderline significance. Additionally, miR-19-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-221-3p were significantly up-regulated in exosomes extracted from LA peripheral plasma samples. In conclusion, we identified a six-miRNA panel in peripheral plasma which might give assistance to the detection of LA at least for Asian population to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Xia Shan
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Danxia Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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14
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Li YL, Wang J, Zhang CY, Shen YQ, Wang HM, Ding L, Gu YC, Lou JT, Zhao XT, Ma ZL, Jin YX. MiR-146a-5p inhibits cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in NSCLC cell lines by targeting CCND1 and CCND2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59287-59298. [PMID: 27494902 PMCID: PMC5312312 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that miR-146a-5p acts as an oncogene in several types of cancer, yet a tumor suppressor gene in others. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one report showed that it was downregulated and played the role of tumor suppressor. However, another study showed that miR-146a-5p was overexpressed in the serum of NSCLC patients compared to healthy controls. Therefore, it is obvious that further study of the function of miR-146a-5p in NSCLC is necessary to fully understand its importance. Herein, we have verified that miR- 146a- 5p acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. Our data revealed that the expression level of miR-146a-5p was significantly decreased in several human NSCLC cell lines, and also less abundant in human NSCLC tissues, when compared with controls. Moreover, we observed that miR-146a-5p could suppress cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results also showed that miR-146a-5p directly targeted the 3′-UTR of CCND1 and CCND2 mRNAs as well as decreased their expression at both mRNA and protein levels, causing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated downregulation of CCND1 or CCND2 yielded the same effects on proliferation and cell cycle arrest as miR-146a-5p upregulation did in the NSCLC cell lines. We confirmed that the expression of miR-146a-5p had negative relationship with CCND1 or CCND2. Besides, we also found that miR-146a-5p could inhibit tumor growth in xengroft mouse models, and CCND1 and CCND2 were downregulated in miR-146a-5p overexpressed xengroft tumor tissues. In summary, our results demonstrated that miR-146a-5p could suppress the proliferation and cell cycle progression in NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of CCND1 and CCND2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Cai-Yan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-Qing Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-Chen Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jia-Tao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xin-Tai Zhao
- Shanghai Shines Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - You-Xin Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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15
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Hu H, Chen X, Zhou C, Li B, Yang Y, Ying X, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Zhong J, Dai J, Yu H, Wu B, Li X, Wang T, Duan S. Aberrant methylation of mutL homolog 1 is associated with increased risk of non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32:e22370. [PMID: 29205508 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignant tumor. DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region has been served as a potential molecular marker for several tumors. The goal of the current study was to assess the diagnostic ability of mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) promoter methylation in NSCLC. METHODS A total of 111 NSCLC patients' paired tissue samples were obtained to explore the association between MLH1 promoter methylation and NSCLC by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) method. Public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to verify our findings. RESULTS Our results showed a significantly higher MLH1 methylation frequency in tumor tissue samples than their paired adjacent tissues (P = .008). ROC curve indicated that MLH1MSP assay was a sensitive but not a specific method in the diagnosis for NSCLC (sensitivity = 0.964, specificity = 0.135, AUC = 0.550). And the association between the methylation level and clinical characteristics has no statistical significance. TCGA cohort evinced a higher methylation probability in tumor group compared with nontumor group (the mean β value: -0.449 [-0.467, -0.437] vs -0.466 [-0.472, -0.437], P = .011), which was consistent with our results. Meanwhile, an inverse correlation between MLH1 methylation and MLH1 expression was detected in TCGA and GEO databases. CONCLUSIONS The MSP method for MLH1 methylation was a sensitive but not a specific diagnostic method for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochang Hu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Medical Record, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuru Ying
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyi Mao
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boyi Wu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiangong Wang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Wan Y, Vagenas D, Salazar C, Kenny L, Perry C, Calvopiña D, Punyadeera C. Salivary miRNA panel to detect HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99990-100001. [PMID: 29245955 PMCID: PMC5725146 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are a heterogeneous group of tumours that originate predominantly from the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Our aim was to determine whether salivary miRNA expression levels can diagnose these cancer subtypes. Saliva samples were collected from healthy controls (n=113, smoker and non-smokers), HPV-positive (n=54) and HPV-negative (n=47) HNSCC patients. The miRNA expression levels in saliva was quantified using qPCR. The potential of salivary miRNAs to discriminate these groups of patients was evaluated using multiple logistic regression with ROC analysis and a 10-fold cross-validation analysis. Salivary miRNA-9, -127, -134, -191, -222 and -455 were shown to discriminate a control group from a HPV-negative HNSCC patient group with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 94%; whilst salivary miRNA-9,-134, -196b, -210, and -455 were the most parsimonious subset discriminating a control group from a HPV-positive HNSCC group, with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 95%. Furthermore, miRNA-9, -134, -196b, -210 and -455 as a panel, was the most parsimonious subset to discriminate HPV-positive HNSCC patients from HPV-negative HNSCC patients. In addition, the expression levels of miRNA-9, -127, -196a, -196b, -210, -222 and -455 were significantly increased in the saliva collected from early stage HNSCC patients compared to controls. A future multi-centre confirmatory study is warranted to test the diagnostic performance of these salivary miRNA prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Vagenas
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carolina Salazar
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, The Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liz Kenny
- The School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Central Integrated Regional Cancer Service, Queensland Health, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris Perry
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Diego Calvopiña
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, The Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Moretti F, D’Antona P, Finardi E, Barbetta M, Dominioni L, Poli A, Gini E, Noonan DM, Imperatori A, Rotolo N, Cattoni M, Campomenosi P. Systematic review and critique of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94980-94996. [PMID: 29212284 PMCID: PMC5706930 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selected circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested for non-invasive screening of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however the numerous proposed miRNA signatures are inconsistent. Aiming to identify miRNAs suitable specifically for stage I-II NSCLC screening in serum/plasma samples, we searched the databases "Pubmed", "Medline", "Scopus", "Embase" and "WOS" and systematically reviewed the publications reporting quantitative data on the efficacy [sensitivity, specificity and/or area under the curve (AUC)] of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of NSCLC stage I and/or II. The 20 studies fulfilling the search criteria included 1110 NSCLC patients and 1009 controls, and were of medium quality according to Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist. In these studies, the patient cohorts as well as the control groups were heterogeneous for demographics and clinicopathological characteristics; moreover, numerous pre-analytical and analytical variables likely influenced miRNA determinations, and potential bias of hemolysis was often underestimated. We identified four circulating miRNAs scarcely influenced by hemolysis, each featuring high sensitivity (> 80%) and AUC (> 0.80) as biomarkers of stage I-II NSCLC: miR-223, miR-20a, miR-448 and miR-145; four other miRNAs showed high specificity (> 90%): miR-628-3p, miR-29c, miR-210 and miR-1244. In a model of two-step screening for stage I-II NSCLC using first the above panel of serum miRNAs with high sensitivity and high AUC, and subsequently the panel with high specificity, the estimated overall sensitivity is 91.6% and overall specificity is 93.4%. These and other circulating miRNAs suggested for stage I-II NSCLC screening require validation in multiple independent studies before they can be proposed for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Moretti
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola D’Antona
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Emanuele Finardi
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Barbetta
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dominioni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Albino Poli
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Imperatori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Nicola Rotolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Cattoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Campomenosi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- The Protein Factory, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Biotecnologie Proteiche, Politecnico di Milano, ICRM-CNR Milano and University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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18
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García-Casas A, García-Olmo DC, García-Olmo D. Further the liquid biopsy: Gathering pieces of the puzzle of genometastasis theory. World J Clin Oncol 2017; 8:378-388. [PMID: 29067274 PMCID: PMC5638713 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v8.i5.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of mortality in cancer disease and still constitutes one of the most controversial mechanism, not yet fully understood. What is almost beyond doubt is that circulatory system is crucial for cancer propagation. Regarding this system, much attention has been recently paid to liquid biopsy. This technique is aimed to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating nucleic acids so it can be used as a tool for diagnostic, prognostic and follow-up of patients. Whereas CTCs tend to be scarce in serum and plasma from cancer patient, abundant circulating nucleic acids can be detected in the same location. This fact, together with the genetic origin of cancer, stands out the relevance of circulating nucleic acids and shed light into the role of nucleic acids as drivers of metastasis, a recently discovered phenomenon called Genometastasis. This innovative theory supports the transfer of oncogenes from cancer cells to normal and susceptible cells located in distant target organs through circulatory system. What is more, many biological processes haven been described to deliver and secrete circulating nucleic acids into the circulation which can allow such horizontal transfer of oncogenes. In this review, we focus not only on these mechanisms but also we demonstrate its putative role in cancer propagation and give insights about possible therapeutic strategies based on this theory. Our objective is to demonstrate how findings about cell-to-cell communications and previous results can agree with this unprecedented theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dolores C García-Olmo
- Centre de Recerca Experimental Biomèdica Aplicada(CREBA), IRBLLEIDA, 25138 Lleida, Spain
| | - Damián García-Olmo
- Department of Surgery, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28050 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Zhou Q, Huang SX, Zhang F, Li SJ, Liu C, Xi YY, Wang L, Wang X, He QQ, Sun CC, Li DJ. MicroRNAs: A novel potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28990243 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is still one of the most serious causes of cancer-related deaths all over the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are defined as small non-coding RNAs which could play a pivotal role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Increasing evidence demonstrated dysregulation of miRNA expression associates with the development and progression of NSCLC. AIMS To emphasize a variety of tissue-specific miRNAs, circulating miRNAs and miRNA-derived exosomes could be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in NSCLC patients. MATERIALS & METHODS In the current review, we paid attention to the significant discoveries of preclinical and clinical studies, which performed on tissue-specific miRNA, circulating miRNA and exosomal miRNA. The related studies were obtained through a systematic search of Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase. RESULTS A variety of tissue-specific miRNAs and circulating miRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity which could be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in NSCLC patients. In addition, we emphasize that the miRNA-derived exosomes become novel diagnostic biomarkers potentially in these patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSION MiRNAs have emerged as non-coding RNAs, which have potential to be candidates for the diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Shao-Xin Huang
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Shu-Jun Li
- Wuhan Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Yong-Yong Xi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi-Qiang He
- Department of School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Cheng-Cao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - De-Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
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20
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Exosomes: a new horizon in lung cancer. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:927-936. [PMID: 28288782 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circulating exosomes are the major mediators of cell-cell communication. They have been found in various body fluids of healthy individuals and patients with malignancies as cargos of several molecules including miRNAs. Several studies have underlined the role of exosome miRNAs in different tumor types, including lung cancer, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. An overview of the biology and function of exosomes and exosome miRNAs as indicators of diagnosis and treatment response in lung cancer is presented. In addition, preliminary data on exosomes as potential therapeutic agents are reported.
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21
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miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives. Target Oncol 2017; 12:179-200. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Luo Z, Li X, Zhao Z, Yang X, Xiao S, Zhou Y. MicroRNA-146a affects the chemotherapeutic sensitivity and prognosis of advanced gastric cancer through the regulation of LIN52. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1386-1392. [PMID: 28454266 PMCID: PMC5403335 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the expression of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) and its target gene, LIN52, in advanced gastric cancer, and determine their potential effects on chemotherapeutic sensitivity and prognosis. Total RNA was extracted from 93 tissue samples of advanced gastric cancer and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues to quantify the relative expression levels of miR-146a using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression of LIN52 was detected in tumors and normal tissues using immunohistochemical analysis. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between the expression of miR-146a and LIN52 and clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer, including clinical diagnostic specificity, clinical tumor-necrosis-metastasis staging, lymph node metastasis, differentiation grade, chemotherapeutic sensitivity and prognosis. The expression of miR-146a in advanced gastric cancer tissues was lower, compared with that in the adjacent non-tumor tissues, and was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Gastric cancer tissues with a low expression level of miR146a exhibited an increased expression level of LIN52 (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve regression analysis showed that miR-146a had 98% sensitivity in distinguishing gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. A high expression of miR-146a in gastric cancer was associated with improved treatment efficacy in patients. The chemotherapeutic sensitivity of patients with tumors expressing high levels of miR-146a was significantly higher, compared with that of patients with tumors expressing low levels of miR-146a (P<0.05). The expression of miR-146a was low in advanced gastric cancer tissues. As a tumor suppressor gene in advanced gastric cancer, miR-146a had a significant negative correlation with LIN52. High expression levels of miR-146a in advanced gastric cancer tissue may be associated with improved treatment efficacy of chemotherapy, suggesting that miR-146a may be a molecular marker for the diagnosis, prediction of treatment efficacy and prognosis of advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Luo
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Zunlan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
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23
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Hou J, Meng F, Chan LWC, Cho WCS, Wong SCC. Circulating Plasma MicroRNAs As Diagnostic Markers for NSCLC. Front Genet 2016; 7:193. [PMID: 27857721 PMCID: PMC5093122 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths all over the world, in which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~85% of cases. It is well known that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in various cellular processes, mediating post-transcriptional silencing either by mRNA degradation through binding the 3' UTR of target mRNA or by translational inhibition of the protein. In the past decade, miRNAs have also been increasingly identified in biological fluids such as human serum or plasma known as circulating or cell-free miRNAs, and may function as non-invasive diagnostic markers for various cancer types including NSCLC. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are those cells that are shed from solid tumors and then migrate into the circulation. However, reports concerning the roles of CTCs are quite rare, which may be attributed to the difficulties in the enrichment and detection of CTCs in the circulation. Although, there have been reassuring advances in identifying circulating miRNA-panels, which are assumed to be of diagnostic value in NSCLC early stage, some issues remain concerning the reliability of using miRNA panels as a diagnostic tool for NSCLC. In the current review, we are aiming at providing insights into the miRNAs biology, the mechanisms of miRNAs release into the bloodstream, cell-free miRNAs as the diagnostic markers for NSCLC and the current limitations of CTCs as diagnostic markers in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpao Hou
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Meng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lawrence W C Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kowloon, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S C Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Wang F, Meng F, Wang L, Wong SCC, Cho WCS, Chan LWC. Associations of mRNA:microRNA for the Shared Downstream Molecules of EGFR and Alternative Tyrosine Kinase Receptors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Genet 2016; 7:173. [PMID: 27790245 PMCID: PMC5061729 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the top cancer killer worldwide with high mortality rate. Majority belong to non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been broadly explored as a drug target for therapy. However, the drug responses are not durable due to the acquired resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding and endogenous molecules that can inhibit mRNA translation initiation and degrade mRNAs. We wonder if some downstream molecules shared by EGFR and the other tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) further transduce the signals alternatively, and some miRNAs play the key roles in affecting the expression of these downstream molecules. In this study, we investigated the mRNA:miRNA associations for the direct EGFR downstream molecules in the EGFR signaling pathway shared with the other TKRs, including c-MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor), Ron (a protein tyrosine kinase related to c-MET), PDGFR (platelet-derived growth factor receptor), and IGF-1R (insulin-like growth factor receptor-1). The multiple linear regression and support vector regression (SVR) models were used to discover the statistically significant and the best weighted miRNAs regulating the mRNAs of these downstream molecules. These two models revealed the similar mRNA:miRNA associations. It was found that the miRNAs significantly affecting the mRNA expressions in the multiple regression model were also those with the largest weights in the SVR model. To conclude, we effectively identified a list of meaningful mRNA:miRNA associations: phospholipase C, gamma 1 (PLCG1) with miR-34a, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 2 (PIK3R2) with miR-30a-5p, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) with miR-27a, and Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) with miR-302b and miR-520e. These associations could make great contributions to explore new mechanism in NSCLCs. These candidate miRNAs may be regarded as the potential drug targets for treating NSCLCs with acquired drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Wang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Meng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S C Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lawrence W C Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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High copy number variation of cancer-related microRNA genes and frequent amplification of DICER1 and DROSHA in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:23399-416. [PMID: 26156018 PMCID: PMC4695126 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that miRNAs may be a class of genetic elements that can either drive or suppress oncogenesis. In this study we analyzed the somatic copy number variation of 14 miRNA genes frequently found to be either over- or underexpressed in lung cancer, as well as two miRNA biogenesis genes, DICER1 and DROSHA, in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our analysis showed that most analyzed miRNA genes undergo substantial copy number alteration in lung cancer. The most frequently amplified miRNA genes include the following: miR-30d, miR-21, miR-17 and miR-155. We also showed that both DICER1 and DROSHA are frequently amplified in NSCLC. The copy number variation of DICER1 and DROSHA correlates well with their expression and survival of NSCLC and other cancer patients. The increased expression of DROSHA and DICER1 decreases and increases the survival, respectively. In conclusion, our results show that copy number variation may be an important mechanism of upregulation/downregulation of miRNAs in cancer and suggest an oncogenic role for DROSHA.
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Wu D, Chen B, Cui F, He X, Wang W, Wang M. Hypoxia-induced microRNA-301b regulates apoptosis by targeting Bim in lung cancer. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:476-83. [PMID: 27352910 PMCID: PMC6495957 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Worldwide, lung cancer accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has increasingly been reported to be associated with tumour progression. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-301b in regulating apoptosis in lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of miR-301b was assessed by real-time PCR in cell lines, human patient tissues and cells treated under hypoxia and DMOG. Scramble siRNA, miR-301b inhibitor and miR-301b mimics were transfected into lung cancer cells to determine their effects on apoptosis. Additionally, a mouse xenograft model was used to explore functions of miR-301b on apoptosis, in vivo. Finally, relationships between Bim and miR-301b levels were explored by luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting. RESULTS We found that miR-301b was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Expression of miR-301b was induced by hypoxia, and miR-301b suppressed expression of Bim by targeting its 3'UTR. Functionally, ectopic expression of miR-301b enhanced cell population growth, reduced apoptosis and reduced sensitivity of cells to chemotherapy. In the xenograft model, overexpression of miR-301b promoted tumour growth. Additionally, miR-301b and Bim expression were inversely correlated in clinical lung cancer samples. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the function of miRNA-301b in lung cancer and suggests that miRNA-301b could be a potential molecular target for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoguang Wu
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baishen Chen
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fei Cui
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaotian He
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Thompson AG, Gray E, Heman-Ackah SM, Mäger I, Talbot K, Andaloussi SE, Wood MJ, Turner MR. Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative disease - pathogenesis to biomarkers. Nat Rev Neurol 2016; 12:346-57. [PMID: 27174238 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To develop effective disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, reliable markers of diagnosis, disease activity and progression are a research priority. The fact that neurodegenerative pathology is primarily associated with distinct subsets of cells in discrete areas of the CNS makes the identification of relevant biomarker molecules a challenge. The trafficking of macromolecules from the CNS to the cerebrospinal fluid and blood, mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs), presents a promising source of CNS-specific biomarkers. EVs are released by almost all cell types and carry a cargo of protein and nucleic acid that varies according to the cell of origin. EV output changes with cell status and reflects intracellular events, so surface marker expression can be used to identify the cell type from which EVs originate. EVs could, therefore, provide an enriched pool of information about core neuropathogenic, cell-specific processes. This Review examines the current knowledge of the biology and function of EVs, discusses the evidence for their involvement in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and considers their potential as biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Thompson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Elizabeth Gray
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sabrina M Heman-Ackah
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Imre Mäger
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew J Wood
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Martin R Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Ponomaryova AA, Morozkin ES, Rykova EY, Zaporozhchenko IA, Skvortsova TE, Dobrodeev АY, Zavyalov AA, Tuzikov SA, Vlassov VV, Cherdyntseva NV, Laktionov PP, Choinzonov EL. Dynamic changes in circulating miRNA levels in response to antitumor therapy of lung cancer. Exp Lung Res 2016; 42:95-102. [PMID: 26986825 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2016.1155245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Expression levels of cancer-associated microRNAs were reported to be altered in serum/plasma samples from lung cancer patients compared with healthy subjects. The purpose of this study was to estimate the value of five selected miRNAs plasma levels as markers of response to antitumor therapy in lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression levels of miR-19b, miR-126, miR-25, miR-205, and miR-125b have been evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR versus control miR-16 in blood plasma samples from 23 lung cancer (LC) patients. Plasma samples were obtained from LC patients before treatment (untreated-UT), within 30 days after completing two courses of chemotherapy (postchemotherapy-PC) and 15 days after surgery (postoperative-PO). RESULTS Repeated Measures ANOVA demonstrated that miR-19b expression levels were decreased in PC and increased in PO samples. These changes were characterized by a significant quadratic trend (p = 0.03). Expression levels of miR-125b increased both after chemotherapy and again after surgery and demonstrated a significant linear trend (p = 0.03). The miR-125b/miR-19b ratio changed during the course of the antitumor treatment with a significant linear trend (p = 0.04). Individual analysis in the groups of patients with partial response to chemotherapy and patients with stable or progressive disease showed different trends for miR-19b, miR-125b, and miR-125b/miR-19b ratio between the groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated an association of miR-125b/miR-19b ratio value with the survival time without the tumor relapse (p < 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Dynamic change of trends for miR-19b and miR-125b expression levels and miR-125b/miR-19b ratio in the blood plasma have shown a potentiality to discriminate types of response to antitumor therapy in lung cancer patients. Further in-depth investigation is needed to establish a direct link the miRNAs expression levels in blood plasma with therapy response and patient's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Ponomaryova
- a Tomsk Cancer Research Institute , Tomsk, Russia.,c National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny S Morozkin
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia.,d Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology Academician E.N. Meshalkin , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Y Rykova
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia.,f Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan A Zaporozhchenko
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia.,d Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology Academician E.N. Meshalkin , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana E Skvortsova
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Valentin V Vlassov
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Cherdyntseva
- a Tomsk Cancer Research Institute , Tomsk, Russia.,e National Research Tomsk State University , Tomsk , Russia
| | - Pavel P Laktionov
- b Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk, Russia.,d Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology Academician E.N. Meshalkin , Novosibirsk, Russia
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Acquisition of radioresistance in docetaxel-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cells is linked with dysregulation of miR-451/c-Myc-survivin/rad-51 signaling. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6113-29. [PMID: 25026294 PMCID: PMC4171617 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistant tumors usually fail to respond to radiotherapy. However, the mechanisms involved in chemo- and radiotherapy cross resistance are not fully understood. Previously, we have identified microRNA (miR)-451 as a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). However, whether miR-451 plays critical roles in chemo- and radiotherapy cross resistance in LAD is unclear. Here, we established two docetaxel-resistant LAD cell models (SPC-A1/DTX and H1299/DTX), and showed that miR-451 was significantly downregulated in docetaxel-resistant LAD cells. Gain - and loss - of - function assays indicated that re-expression of miR-451 could reverse radioresistance of docetaxel-resistant LAD cells both in vitro and in vivo through promoting apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The proto-oncogene c-Myc was identified as a direct target of miR-451, and re-expression of miR-451 inhibited survivin and rad-51 expression by reducing the amount of c-Myc protein binding to their promoters. Silencing of c-Myc could phenocopy the effects of miR-451 upregulation, and restoration of c-Myc could partially rescue the effect of miR-451 upregulation on radiosensitivity of docetaxel-resistant LAD cells. Therefore, dysregulation of miR-451/c-Myc-survivin/rad-51 signaling is responsible for radioresistance of docetaxel-resistant LAD cells, and targeting it will be a potential strategy for reversing chemo- and radiotherapy cross resistance of LAD patients.
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Kalniņa Z, Meistere I, Kikuste I, Tolmanis I, Zayakin P, Linē A. Emerging blood-based biomarkers for detection of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11636-11653. [PMID: 26556992 PMCID: PMC4631966 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and efficient monitoring of tumor dynamics are prerequisites for reducing disease burden and mortality, and for improving the management of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Blood-based biomarker assays for the detection of early-stage GC could be of great relevance both for population-wide or risk group-based screening programs, while circulating biomarkers that reflect the genetic make-up and dynamics of the tumor would allow monitoring of treatment efficacy, predict recurrences and assess the genetic heterogeneity of the tumor. Recent research to identify blood-based biomarkers of GC has resulted in the identification of a wide variety of cancer-associated molecules, including various proteins, autoantibodies against tumor associated antigens, cell-free DNA fragments, mRNAs and various non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Each type of these biomarkers provides different information on the disease status, has different advantages and disadvantages, and distinct clinical usefulness. In the current review, we summarize the recent developments in blood-based GC biomarker discovery, discuss the origin of various types of biomarkers and their clinical usefulness and the technological challenges in the development of biomarker assays for clinical use.
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31
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Pan Y, Liu R, Terpstra E, Wang Y, Qiao F, Wang J, Tong Y, Pan B. Dysregulation and Diagnostic Potential of microRNA in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 49:1-12. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqian Pan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Animal Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruizhu Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Erin Terpstra
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Fangfang Qiao
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yigang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Animal Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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32
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Huang YK, Yu JC. Circulating microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer diagnosis: An update and review. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:9863-9886. [PMID: 26379393 PMCID: PMC4566381 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i34.9863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most popular non-coding RNAs in cancer research. To date, the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs have been extensively studied in GC, suggesting that miRNAs and lncRNAs represent a vital component of tumor biology. Furthermore, circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs are found to be dysregulated in patients with GC compared with healthy individuals. Circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs may function as promising biomarkers to improve the early detection of GC. Multiple possibilities for miRNA secretion have been elucidated, including active secretion by microvesicles, exosomes, apoptotic bodies, high-density lipoproteins and protein complexes as well as passive leakage from cells. However, the mechanism underlying lncRNA secretion and the functions of circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs have not been fully illuminated. Concurrently, to standardize results of global investigations of circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs biomarker studies, several recommendations for pre-analytic considerations are put forward. In this review, we summarize the known circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs for GC diagnosis. The possible mechanism of miRNA and lncRNA secretion as well as methodologies for identification of circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs are also discussed. The topics covered here highlight new insights into GC diagnosis and screening.
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Ma Z, Qiu X, Wang D, Li Y, Zhang B, Yuan T, Wei J, Zhao B, Zhao X, Lou J, Jin Y, Jin Y. MiR-181a-5p inhibits cell proliferation and migration by targeting Kras in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:630-8. [PMID: 26124189 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progress. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In this study, the function of miR-181a-5p was investigated in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results showed that miR-181a-5p was significantly decreased in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation and migration of A549 cells transfected with miR-181a-5p mimic was significantly inhibited. Luciferase activity assay results demonstrated that two binding sites of Kras could be directly targeted by miR-181a-5p. Furthermore, Kras was down-regulated by miR-181a-5p at both transcriptional and translational levels. SiRNA-mediated Kras down-regulation could mimic the effects of miR-181a-5p mimic in A549 cells. Our findings suggest that miR-181a-5p plays a potential role in tumor suppression by partially targeting Kras and has the potential therapeutic application in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Detao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanli Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tianwei Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiali Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Botao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xintai Zhao
- Shanghai Shines Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Youxin Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Regulatory role of small nucleolar RNAs in human diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:206849. [PMID: 26060813 PMCID: PMC4427830 DOI: 10.1155/2015/206849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are appreciable players in gene expression regulation in human cells. The canonical function of box C/D and box H/ACA snoRNAs is posttranscriptional modification of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), namely, 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation, respectively. A series of independent studies demonstrated that snoRNAs, as well as other noncoding RNAs, serve as the source of various short regulatory RNAs. Some snoRNAs and their fragments can also participate in the regulation of alternative splicing and posttranscriptional modification of mRNA. Alterations in snoRNA expression in human cells can affect numerous vital cellular processes. SnoRNA level in human cells, blood serum, and plasma presents a promising target for diagnostics and treatment of human pathologies. Here we discuss the relation between snoRNAs and oncological, neurodegenerative, and viral diseases and also describe changes in snoRNA level in response to artificial stress and some drugs.
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35
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Li L, Chen YY, Li SQ, Huang C, Qin YZ. Expression of miR-148/152 family as potential biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1155-61. [PMID: 25904302 PMCID: PMC4418282 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered miR-148/152 family expression contributes to human carcinogenesis. This study was designed to detect the potential for using miR-148/152 family as biomarkers for NSCLC patients. Material/Methods The relative expression levels of miR-148/152 family (miR-148a, miR-148b, and miR-152) in serum of 36 non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, 20 patients with benign pulmonary diseases (BPD), and 10 healthy individuals were assessed by real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results The expression of all three miRNAs were significantly lower in the serum of NSCLC than that of BPD and healthy controls (all p<0.01), and their expression levels were strongly correlated with each other (r=0.781, 0.720, and 0.645, respectively). Downregulation of miR-148/152 family was found to be corrected with more aggressive tumors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for miR-148a, miR-148b, and miR-152 discriminating NSCLC from BPD were 0.775, 0.725, and 0.774, respectively, all higher than that of CEA (0.506). Combining the three miRNAs increased the discrimination performance, yielding an AUC of 0.789 (95% confidence interval, 0.643 to 0.895), with a sensitivity of 72.2% and a specificity of 90.0%. Conclusions The results of present study suggest that the expression levels of circulating miR-148/152 family may serve as biomarkers for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ye-ye Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Shan-qing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ying-zhi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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36
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Sang H, Liu H, Xiong P, Zhu M. Long non-coding RNA functions in lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4027-37. [PMID: 25895460 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered as a result of advances in sequencing methods in genomic research. Recent evidence indicates that lncRNAs may serve as gene regulators via various mechanisms, such as translational control. Dysregulation of lncRNAs contributes to the development and progression of several human diseases, notably lung cancer, which is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death. Recent studies have identified key roles for molecules such as p53 and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in carcinogenesis and the anti-carcinogenic action of lncRNAs. These findings point to the potential of lncRNAs as prospective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in lung cancer. In this review, we consider the functions of lncRNAs in translational control and discuss their involvement in lung cancer via p53, PRC2, and other pathways. We also consider the effects of modulating the levels and functions of lncRNAs. Further characterization of these lung cancer-associated lncRNAs will provide a better understanding of their potential roles as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Sang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
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37
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Matouk IJ, Halle D, Gilon M, Hochberg A. The non-coding RNAs of the H19-IGF2 imprinted loci: a focus on biological roles and therapeutic potential in Lung Cancer. J Transl Med 2015; 13:113. [PMID: 25884481 PMCID: PMC4397711 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since it was first described, the imprinted cluster 11p15.5 has been reported to be deregulated in a variety of pediatric and adult cancers including that of the lung. Both protein coding and non-coding genes functioning as oncogenes or as tumor suppressor genes reside within this cluster. Oncomirs that can function as oncogenes or as tumor suppressors have also been reported. While a complete account of the role played by the 11p15.5 imprinted cluster in lung cancer is beyond the scope of this review, we will focus on the role of the non-coding RNAs processed from the H19-IGF2 loci. A special emphasis will be given to the H19/miR-675 gene locus. Their potential diagnostic and therapeutic use in lung cancer will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad J Matouk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - David Halle
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Michal Gilon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Abraham Hochberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
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38
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Vlassov VV, Rykova EY, Ponomaryova AA, Zaporozhchenko IA, Morozkin ES, Cherdyntseva NV, Laktionov PP. Circulating microRNAs in lung cancer: Prospects for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of antitumor treatment efficacy. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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39
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40
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Shen W, Yeo KH, Gao Z. A simple and highly sensitive fluorescence assay for microRNAs. Analyst 2015; 140:1932-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an02146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and highly sensitive assay for miRNAs using magnetic bead-carried DNA probes coupled with DSN-facilitated isothermal target cycling is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Kiat Huei Yeo
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
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41
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Langevin SM, Kratzke RA, Kelsey KT. Epigenetics of lung cancer. Transl Res 2015; 165:74-90. [PMID: 24686037 PMCID: PMC4162853 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA expression, have been reported widely in the literature to play a major role in the genesis of lung cancer. The goal of this review is to summarize the common epigenetic changes associated with lung cancer to give some clarity to its etiology, and to provide an overview of the potential translational applications of these changes, including applications for early detection, diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Langevin
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robert A Kratzke
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI.
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42
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Sadovska L, Santos CB, Kalniņa Z, Linē A. Biodistribution, Uptake and Effects Caused by Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. J Circ Biomark 2015; 4:2. [PMID: 28936238 PMCID: PMC5572990 DOI: 10.5772/60522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication. They are released in the extracellular space by a variety of normal and cancerous cell types and have been found in all human body fluids. Cancer-derived EVs have been shown to carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, non-coding and structural RNAs and even extra-chromosomal DNA, which can be taken up by recipient cells and trigger diverse physiological and pathological responses. An increasing body of evidence suggests that cancer-derived EVs mediate paracrine signalling between cancer cells. This leads to the increased invasiveness, proliferation rate and chemoresistance, as well as the acquisition of the cancer stem cell phenotype. This stimulates angiogenesis and the reprogramming of normal stromal cells into cancer-promoting cell types. Furthermore, cancer-derived EVs contribute to the formation of the pre-metastatic niche and modulation of anti-tumour immune response. However, as most of these data are obtained by in vitro studies, it is not entirely clear which of these effects are recapitulated in vivo. In the current review, we summarize studies that assess the tissue distribution, trafficking, clearance and uptake of cancer-derived EVs in vivo and discuss the impact they have, both locally and systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilite Sadovska
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Cristina Bajo Santos
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Zane Kalniņa
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Aija Linē
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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43
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Zhao H, Shen J, Hu Q, Davis W, Medico L, Wang D, Yan L, Guo Y, Liu B, Qin M, Nesline M, Zhu Q, Yao S, Ambrosone CB, Liu S. Effects of preanalytic variables on circulating microRNAs in whole blood. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2643-8. [PMID: 25472672 PMCID: PMC4256719 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in the last decade suggests the clinical potential of circulating microRNAs in whole blood as biomarkers for cancer detection. However, before applying the identified circulating microRNAs clinically, biospecimen-focused research has to be performed to identify possible preanalytic variables that may significantly affect the levels of circulating microRNAs. In this study, using a unique resource of the Data Bank and BioRepository (DBBR) at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, we conducted a two-step analysis to identify internal control circulating microRNAs in whole blood and then to study how selected major preanalytic variables (namely, processing delay, storage condition, storage time, and freeze/thaw cycles) might affect the detection of circulating microRNAs. In the discovery phase of the first step, we identified three microRNAs, including miR346, miR134, and miR934, whose levels exhibited the smallest variation between the case-control groups, as well as within each group interindividually. In the further validation analysis, the consistency was validated for miR346 and miR134 but not for miR934. At the second step, using miR346 and miR134 as internal controls, we observed that as the numbers of freeze/thaw cycles increased, levels of both miR346 and miR134 were significantly decreased (Ptrend < 0.0001); varying other processing and storage conditions did not affect miRNA levels. In the paralleled analysis in plasma samples, levels of miR16 were significantly decreased by increasing processing delay and increasing numbers of freeze/thaw cycles but not affected by storage condition and duration. The results from this study highlight the necessity of biospecimen-focused research on circulating microRNAs before clinical utilization. See all the articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Biomarkers, Biospecimens, and New Technologies in Molecular Epidemiology."
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Leonardo Medico
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Biao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Maochun Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mary Nesline
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
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44
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Sheinerman KS, Umansky S. Universal screening test based on analysis of circulating organ-enriched microRNAs: a novel approach to diagnostic screening. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 15:329-38. [PMID: 25354444 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.973858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early disease detection leads to more effective and cost-efficient treatment. It is especially important for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, because progression of these pathologies leads to significant and frequently irreversible changes in underlying pathophysiological processes. At the same time, the development of specific screening tests for detection of each of the hundreds of human pathologies in asymptomatic stage may be impractical. Here, we discuss a recently proposed concept: the development of minimally invasive Universal Screening Test (UST) based on analysis of organ-enriched microRNAs in plasma and other bodily fluids. The UST is designed to detect the presence of a pathology in particular organ systems, organs, tissues or cell types without diagnosing a specific disease. Once the pathology is detected, more specific, and if necessary invasive and expensive, tests can be administered to precisely define the nature of the disease. Here, we discuss recent studies and analyze the data supporting the UST approach.
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45
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Oh SB, Hwang CJ, Song SY, Jung YY, Yun HM, Sok CH, Sung HC, Yi JM, Park DH, Ham YW, Han SB, Hwang BY, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of tectochrysin in NSCLC cells through overexpression of death receptor and inactivation of STAT3. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:95-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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46
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Liu HS, Xiao HS. MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:12007-12017. [PMID: 25232237 PMCID: PMC4161788 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. More than 80% of diagnoses occur at the middle to late stage of the disease, highlighting an urgent need for novel biomarkers detectable at earlier stages. Recently, aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) have received a great deal of attention as potential sensitive and accurate biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge about potential miRNA biomarkers for gastric cancer that have been reported in the publicly available literature between 2008 and 2013. Available evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed miRNAs in gastric cancer correlate with tumorigenesis, tumor proliferation, distant metastasis and invasion. Furthermore, tissue and cancer types can be classified using miRNA expression profiles and next-generation sequencing. As miRNAs in plasma/serum are well protected from RNases, they remain stable under harsh conditions. Thus, potential functions of these circulating miRNAs can be deduced and may implicate their diagnostic value in cancer detection. Circulating miRNAs, as well as tissue miRNAs, may allow for the detection of gastric cancer at an early stage, prediction of prognosis, and monitoring of recurrence and/or lymph node metastasis. Taken together, the data suggest that the participation of miRNAs in biomarker development will enhance the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic and prognostic tests for gastric cancer.
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47
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Tan X, Chen M. MYLK and MYL9 expression in non-small cell lung cancer identified by bioinformatics analysis of public expression data. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12189-200. [PMID: 25179839 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression microarrays are widely used to investigate molecular targets in cancers, including lung cancer. In this study, we analyzed online non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) microarray databases, to screen the key genes and pathways related to NSCLC by bioinformatics analyses. And then, the expression levels of two selected genes in the down-regulated co-pathways, myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and myosin regulatory light chain 9 (MYL9), were determined in tumor, paired paraneoplastic, and normal lung tissues. First, gene set enrichment analysis and meta-analysis were conducted to identify key genes and pathways that contribute to NSCLC carcinogenesis. Second, using the total RNA and protein extracted from lung cancer tissues (n = 240), adjacent non-cancer tissues (n = 240), and normal lung tissues (n = 300), we examined the MYLK and MYL9 expression levels by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Finally, we explored the correlations between mRNA and protein expressions of these two genes and the clinicopathological parameters of NSCLC. Fifteen up-regulated and nine down-regulated co-pathways were observed. A number of differentially expressed genes (CALM1, THBS1, CSF3, BMP2, IL6ST, MYLK, ROCK2, IL3RA, MYL9, PPP2CA, CSF2RB, CNAQ, GRIA2, IL10RA, IL10RB, IL11RA, LIFR, PLCB4, and RAC3) were identified (P < 0.01) in the down-regulated co-pathways. The expression levels of MYLK and MYL9, which act downstream of the vascular smooth muscle contraction signal pathway and focal adhesion pathway, were significantly lower in cancer tissue than those in the paraneoplastic and normal tissues (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression levels of these two genes in stages III and IV NSCLC were significantly increased, when compared to stages I and II, and expressions levels in NSCLC with lymphatic metastasis were higher than that without lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). Additionally, significant lower expression levels of the two genes were found in smokers than in nonsmokers (P < 0.05). In contrast, gender, differentiated degrees, and pathohistological type appeared to have no impact on these gene expressions (P > 0.05). These findings suggested that low MYLK and MYL9 expressions might be associated with the development of NSCLC. These genes may be also relevant to NSCLC metastasis. Future investigations with large sample sizes needed to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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48
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Forbrich A, Paproski R, Hitt M, Zemp R. Comparing efficiency of micro-RNA and mRNA biomarker liberation with microbubble-enhanced ultrasound exposure. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:2207-2216. [PMID: 25023097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Blood biomarkers are potentially powerful diagnostic tools that are limited clinically by low concentrations, the inability to determine biomarker origin and unknown patient baseline. Recently, ultrasound has been shown to liberate proteins and large mRNA biomarkers, overcoming many of these limitations. We have since demonstrated that adding lipid-stabilized microbubbles elevates mRNA concentration an order of magnitude compared with ultrasound without microbubbles, in vitro. Unfortunately the large size of some mRNA molecules may limit efficiency of release and hinder efficacy as an ultrasound-liberated biomarker. We hypothesize that smaller molecules will be released more efficiently with ultrasound than larger molecules. Although investigation of large libraries of biomarkers should be performed to fully validate this hypothesis, we focus on a small subset of mRNA and micro-RNAs. Specifically, we focus on miR-21 (22 base pairs [bp]), which is upregulated in certain forms of cancer, compared with previously investigated mammaglobin mRNA (502 bp). We also report release of micro-RNA miR-155 (22 bp) and housekeeping rRNA S18 (1869 bp). More than 10 million additional miR-21 copies per 100,000 cells are released with ultrasound-microbubble exposure. The low- molecular-weight miR-21 proved to be liberated 50 times more efficiently than high-molecular-weight mammaglobin mRNA, releasing orders of magnitude more miR-21 than mammaglobin mRNA under comparable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Forbrich
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Robert Paproski
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Mary Hitt
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Roger Zemp
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
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49
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Zagryazhskaya A, Zhivotovsky B. miRNAs in lung cancer: a link to aging. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 17:54-67. [PMID: 24631464 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Development of lung cancer is associated with exposure to carcinogens such as tobacco smoke and some environmental factors. The incidence of lung cancer increases with age, particularly after age 60. It was estimated that less than 2% of all lung cancer cases occurred in patients younger than 45; therefore, this type of tumor can be considered as an aging-related disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating expression of over 50% of protein-coding genes. miRNAs were shown to play an extremely important role in cell functioning, affecting all biological processes, as well as development of various diseases. Expression profiles of miRNAs are known to be altered in cancer, including lung cancer, and also exhibit changes during aging. These RNA molecules are stable in tissue sections and blood and reflect tumor origin, histotype, and stage, which make them candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. miRNA mimetics or inhibitors can be delivered into a cell, with possible therapeutic implications. Here, we review the results obtained during the last several years that demonstrate the aging-related regulation of miRNAs expression, in association with their role in lung cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to anticancer therapy, as well as the possibility to use miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zagryazhskaya
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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50
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Jeong HC. Clinical Aspect of MicroRNA in Lung Cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2014; 77:60-4. [PMID: 25237376 PMCID: PMC4165661 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2014.77.2.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that modulate target gene activity, and are aberrantly expressed in most types of cancer as well in lung cancer. A miRNA can potentially target a diverse set of mRNAs; further, it plays a critical role in lung tumorigenesis as well as affects patient outcome. Previous studies focused mainly on abnormal miRNAs expressions in lung cancer tissues. Interestingly, circulating miRNAs were identified in human plasma and serum in 2008. Since then, considerable effort has been directed to the study of circulating miRNAs as one of the biomarkers of lung cancer. miRNAs expression of tissues and blood in lung cancer patients is being analyzed by more researchers. Recently, to overcome the high false-positivity of low-dose chest computed tomography scan, miRNAs in lung cancer screening are being investigated. This article summarizes the recent researches regarding clinical applications of miRNAs in the diagnosis and management of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Cheol Jeong
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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