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Tomczyk M, Jaques C, Jox RJ. Ethical challenges in palliative sedation of adults: protocol for a systematic review of current clinical practice guidelines. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059189. [PMID: 35777881 PMCID: PMC9252196 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to identify the full spectrum of ethical challenges of all forms of palliative sedation for adults as presented in current clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and to determine whether CPGs specify ethical challenges of this therapy for patients with cancer and non-cancer and, if so, how exactly they do this. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet investigated this topic. The purpose is purely descriptive; our aim is not to make any kind of normative judgements on these challenges. Nor is our aim to assess the quality of the CPGs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will perform a systematic review of CPGs on palliative sedation for adults via five electronic databases, grey literature search tools, citation tracking and contact with palliative care experts. Current CPGs accredited by an international, national or regional authority, published in English, German, French, Italian or Polish, from 2000 to the date of the search, will be subjected to content analysis at the textual, linguistic and thematic levels. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This is a protocol for a systematic review and no human will be involved in this research. Therefore, ethics approval and consent to participate are not applicable to this context. This study protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Protocols criteria and registered on PROSPERO. Moreover, the integral version of this study protocol is published as a preprint on Research Square. The results of this study will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and books, international, national and local conference presentations, social media and media in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Tomczyk
- Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Jaques
- Medical Library, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ralf J Jox
- Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Chair in Geriatric Palliative Care, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Thematic research clusters in very old populations (≥ 80 years): a bibliometric approach. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:266. [PMID: 33882849 PMCID: PMC8058755 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Population aging will be one of humanity’s major challenges in the decades to come. In addition to focusing on the pathologies causing the greatest mortality and morbidity in this population, such as dementia, health research in elderly people must consider a myriad of other interlinked factors, such as geriatric syndromes, social aspects, and factors related to preserving quality of life and promoting healthy aging. This study aims to identify the main subject areas attracting research attention with regard to very old (≥ 80 years) populations. Methods Documents assigned with the medical subject heading “Aged, 80 and over” were retrieved from MEDLINE and the Web of Science. This dataset was used to determine publication output by disease, geographic region, country, and discipline. A co-word analysis was undertaken to identify thematic research clusters. Results Since the mid-2000s, there has been a boom in scientific output focusing specifically on very old populations, especially in Europe (43.7% of the documents) but also in North America (30.5%) and Asia (26%); other regions made only nominal contributions (0.5 to 4.4%). The USA produced the most research, while the most growth over the study period occurred in Japan, Spain, and China. Four broad thematic clusters were identified: a) geriatric diseases, health services for the aged, and social and psychological issues of aging; b) cardiovascular diseases; c) neoplasms, and d) bacterial infections & anti-bacterial agents. Conclusions Scientific research in very old populations covers a wide variety of interrelated topics. In quantitative terms, the top subject areas have to do with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (including aortic valve stenosis and stroke), dementia, and neoplasms. However, other degenerative pathologies, geriatric syndromes, and different social and psychosocial aspects also attract considerable interest. It is necessary to promote more equal participation in global research on pathologies and topics related to very elderly populations, as the highest rates of population aging and the largest numbers of elderly people in the next decades will be in low- and middle-income countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02209-7.
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Schofield G, Dittborn M, Huxtable R, Brangan E, Selman LE. Real-world ethics in palliative care: A systematic review of the ethical challenges reported by specialist palliative care practitioners in their clinical practice. Palliat Med 2021; 35:315-334. [PMID: 33302783 PMCID: PMC7897798 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320974277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical issues arise daily in the delivery of palliative care. Despite much (largely theoretical) literature, evidence from specialist palliative care practitioners about day-to-day ethical challenges has not previously been synthesised. This evidence is crucial to inform education and adequately support staff. AIM To synthesise the evidence regarding the ethical challenges which specialist palliative care practitioners encounter during clinical practice. DESIGN Systematic review with narrative synthesis (PROSPERO registration CRD42018105365). Quality was dual-assessed using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool. Tabulation, textural description, concept mapping and thematic synthesis were used to develop and present the narrative. DATA SOURCES Seven databases (MEDLINE, Philosopher's Index, EMBASE, PsycINFO, LILACS, Web of Science and CINAHL) were searched from inception to December 2019 without language limits. Eligible papers reported original research using inductive methods to describe practitioner-reported ethical challenges. RESULTS A total of 8074 records were screened. Thirteen studies from nine countries were included. Challenges were organised into six themes: application of ethical principles; delivering clinical care; working with families; engaging with institutional structures and values; navigating societal values and expectations; philosophy of palliative care. Challenges related to specific scenarios/contexts rather than the application of general ethical principles, and occurred at all levels (bedside, institution, society, policy). CONCLUSION Palliative care practitioners encounter a broad range of contextual ethical challenges, many of which are not represented in palliative care ethics training resources, for example, navigating institutional policies, resource allocation and inter-professional conflict. Findings have implications for supporting ethical practice and training practitioners. The lack of low- and middle- income country data needs addressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Schofield
- Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mariana Dittborn
- Paediatric Bioethics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Richard Huxtable
- Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emer Brangan
- Health and Applied Sciences, University of West England, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Ellen Selman
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Saberi M, Chang E. Knowledge fusion through academic articles: a survey of definitions, techniques, applications and challenges. Scientometrics 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-020-03683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Podgorica N, Flatscher-Thöni M, Deufert D, Siebert U, Ganner M. A systematic review of ethical and legal issues in elder care. Nurs Ethics 2020; 28:895-910. [PMID: 32468910 DOI: 10.1177/0969733020921488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical and legal issues are increasingly being reported by health caregivers; however, little is known about the nature of these issues in geriatric care. These issues can improve work and care conditions in healthcare, and consequently, the health and welfare of older people. AIM This literature review aims to identify research focusing on ethical and legal issues in geriatric care, in order to give nurses and other health care workers an overview of existing grievances and possible solutions to take care of old patients in a both ethical and legally correct way. METHODS Using a systematic approach based on Aveyard, a search of the PubMed, CINAHL, and Ethicshare databases was conducted to find out the articles published on ethical and legal issues in geriatric care. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS The approval for the study was obtained from UMIT-The Health and Life Sciences University, Austria. RESULTS Only 50 articles were included for systematic analysis reporting ethical and legal issues in the geriatric care. The results presented in this article showed that the main ethical issues were related to the older people's autonomy, respect for their needs, wishes and values, and respect for their decision-making. The main legal issues were related to patients' rights, advance directives, elderly rights, treatment nutrition dilemma, and autonomy. CONCLUSION Further education for professional caregivers, elderly people, and their families is needed on following topics: care planning, directive and living wills, and caregiver-family member relationships to guide and support the elderly people within their decision-making processes and during the end-of-life care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nertila Podgorica
- UMIT-University for Health Sciences, Austria; 307399FH Gesundheit-Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Austria
| | | | | | - Uwe Siebert
- 31510UMIT-University for Health Sciences, Austria
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to bibliometrically analyze the gerontology-related research articles for a comprehensive understanding of the gerontology literature.
Design/methodology/approach
This study employed the approach of visual analytics on 32 journals with a total of 99,204 articles published after 2000 to identify the main subfields, keywords, and growth trend. The investigated journals are either open access online or listed in the Social Sciences Citation Index. In addition, the 200 most frequently cited papers were analyzed through bibliographic coupling, co-word, and co-citation analysis.
Findings
The selected most cited papers were mostly published before 2007, and psychiatry and psychology were the top research subfields. Dementia, older adult, and Alzheimer’s disease were the three most frequently occurring keywords, both in Author Keywords and KeyWords Plus. While coupling analysis yielded 12 research groups, co-word analysis classified the most frequently used 20 Author Keywords into two categories. Four research clusters were identified by the co-citation analysis.
Originality/value
This research provides a comprehensive view of the gerontology research as well as an understanding of the subfields and their interrelations. It also provides government departments with directions for formulating and executing policies affecting older people not only in setting academic and professional priorities but also in understanding the key topics related to older people.
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Zhang Y, Saberi M, Chang E. A semantic-based knowledge fusion model for solution-oriented information network development: a case study in intrusion detection field. Scientometrics 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-018-2904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Guan J, Pang L. Bidirectional relationship between network position and knowledge creation in Scientometrics. Scientometrics 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-018-2673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jin P, Hakkarinen M. Highlights in bioethics through 40 years: a quantitative analysis of top-cited journal articles. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2017; 43:339-345. [PMID: 27913594 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2016-103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of bioethics is constantly evolving. To investigate trends in the field of bioethics, we conducted a quantitative analysis of the top-cited articles in bioethical journals over the past 40 years. METHODS Retrospective quantitative study of the 20 most cited bioethics articles published each year from 1975 to 2014 were conducted. Article samples were selected from a list of the most relevant 100 journals in the field of bioethics. RESULTS In total, 800 top-cited articles between 1975 and 2014 in the domain of bioethics were retrieved and analysed. More than half of them were composed by single authors, but multiauthorship became more prevalent with time. The majority (84.5%) of these highly cited articles originated from the USA (65.3%), UK or Canada, though the proportion of other countries increased in recent years. Almost half (44.6%) of the highly cited articles belonged to the subfield of clinical ethics, but other subfields such as research ethics, public health ethics and neuroethics became more prominent. Overall, the distribution of Thesaurus keywords and subfields became more diverse over time, and the number of journals publishing top-cited articles doubled. Furthermore, the empirical ethics approach increased over time in our sample of top-cited articles. CONCLUSIONS In sum, the forefront of bioethics is getting more diversified, collaborative and international. The presumed 'mainstream' becomes less dominant over time, as more highly cited articles come from new subfields, discuss new topics, use more Bioethics Thesaurus keywords, more authors participate and more countries other than the USA contribute to bioethics journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyue Jin
- School of Public Health, Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mark Hakkarinen
- Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
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Schodl K, Klein F, Winckler C. Mapping sustainability in pig farming research using keyword network analysis. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wen B, Horlings E, van der Zouwen M, van den Besselaar P. Mapping science through bibliometric triangulation: An experimental approach applied to water research. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/asi.23696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wen
- Elsevier, Science and Technology Books; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Rathenau Institute, Department of Science System Assessment; The Hague The Netherlands
- Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Department of Water Management; Delft The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Horlings
- Rathenau Institute, Department of Science System Assessment; The Hague The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter van den Besselaar
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Organization Science & Network Institute; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Abstract
People with dementia represent a significant and growing proportion of patients, but little is known about their involvement in making choices about their health or social care. This study explored the experiences of French older patients with dementia and their caregivers about their participation in decision-making. Individual semi-directive interviews were conducted with patients ( n= 21) and their primary carer focusing on a recently made decision (to accept professional help at home, to attend a day centre, or to move into residential care). Five aspects of decision-making were explored: information received; being listened to; expression of opinion; time allowed to reflect on decision; and possibility of changing one's mind. Carers tended to be more satisfied than patients on most criteria. Many patients felt they had not been listened to sufficiently, and had limited freedom to participate in decision-making. Continuing education may help professionals to improve their ability to involve patients with dementia in decision-making concerning their care arrangements.
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach for conceptualizing science based on collaboration and competences of researchers.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is conducted by exploratory analysis of collaboration and competences using case studies from humanistic, engineering, natural sciences and a general topic.
Findings
The findings show that by applying the proposed approach on bibliographic data that readily exist for many national sciences as well as for international scientific communities, one can obtain useful new insights into the research. The approach is demonstrated with the following exploratory findings: identification of important connections and individual researchers that connect the community of anthropologists; collaboration of technical scientists in the community of anthropologists caused by an interdisciplinary research project; connectivity, interdisciplinary and structure of artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and a community based on a general topic; and identifying research interest shift described with concretization and topic-shift.
Practical implications
As demonstrated with the practical implementation (http://scienceatlas.ijs.si/), users can obtain information of the most relevant competences of a researcher and his most important collaborators. It is possible to obtaining researchers, community structure and competences of an arbitrary research topic.
Social implications
The map for collaboration and competences of a complete science can be a crucial tool for policy-making. Social scientists can use the results of the proposed approach to better understand and direct the development of science.
Originality/value
Originality and value of the paper is in combining text (competences) and network (research collaboration and co-authoring) approaches for exploring science. Additional values give the results of analysis that demonstrate the approach.
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Guido D, Morandi G, Palluzzi F, Borroni B. Telling the Story of Frontotemporal Dementia by Bibliometric Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 48:703-9. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Guido
- University of Pavia, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Morandi
- University of Pavia, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Medical and Genomic Statistics Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fernando Palluzzi
- Politecnico, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- University of Brescia, Department of Neurology, Brescia, Italy
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Aleixandre JL, Aleixandre-Tudó JL, Bolaños-Pizzaro M, Aleixandre-Benavent R. Mapping the scientific research on wine and health (2001-2011). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:11871-80. [PMID: 24274031 DOI: 10.1021/jf404394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
There have been a substantial number of studies suggesting possible health benefits from polyphenols in wine, especially red wine. These hypothetical effects, in addition to those of alcohol, are attributed by many to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the polyphenols. The aim of this paper was to map the scientific research on wine and health by using bibliographic analyses of papers published during the period 2002-2011. Papers were published in 535 different journals and in 106 different subject categories, the most productive journals being the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Food Chemistry and Molecular Nutrition, and Food Research, and the most productive subject category being food science and technology. Institutions in the main network of collaboration between centers were primarily located in France, Italy, and the United State. The number of papers on the medicinal use of wine has been dramatically rising in recent years because of the increased awareness of its importance in modern society. We emphasize the large distribution of information among numerous journals and the multidisciplinary nature of the topic. In the network of co-words, we observe the central role played by the terms "resveratrol", "wine", and "polyphenols".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Aleixandre
- Departamento de Tecnologı́a de Alimentos, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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Fix J, Odell J, Sina B, Meslin EM, Goodman K, Upshur R. A Bibliometric Analysis of an International Research Ethics Trainee Program. J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2013; 8:75-81. [DOI: 10.1525/jer.2013.8.5.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We used bibliometric analysis to evaluate the citations associated with publications by trainees in the Fogarty International Center's International Research Ethics Education and Curriculum Development program. Papers published between 2004 and 2008 were identified for analysis. The outcome measures were total citations, h-index, and i-10. A total of 328 manuscripts were identified, with a yearly average of 66 publications and 363 citations. The median number of citations per paper is 3 (IQR Q1–Q3:6). 12.6% (n = 53) of papers were cited over 10 times and the h-index is 22, indicating that 22 papers had been cited at least 22 times. The data indicate that trainees have been productive and contributed to the scholarly literature. Future studies to benchmark this performance with other bioethics education programs are required to make interpretation of citation analysis more meaningful.
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Alzheimer’s disease research in the future: bibliometric analysis of cholinesterase inhibitors from 1993 to 2012. Scientometrics 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-013-1132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Strech D, Mertz M, Knüppel H, Neitzke G, Schmidhuber M. The full spectrum of ethical issues in dementia care: systematic qualitative review. Br J Psychiatry 2013; 202:400-6. [PMID: 23732935 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.116335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrating ethical issues in dementia-specific training material, clinical guidelines and national strategy plans requires an unbiased awareness of all the relevant ethical issues. AIMS To determine systematically and transparently the full spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care. METHOD We conducted a systematic review in Medline (restricted to English and German literature published between 2000 and 2011) and Google books (with no restrictions). We applied qualitative text analysis and normative analysis to categorise the spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care. RESULTS The literature review retrieved 92 references that together mentioned a spectrum of 56 ethical issues in clinical dementia care. The spectrum was structured into seven major categories that consist of first- and second-order categories for ethical issues. CONCLUSIONS The systematically derived spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care presented in this paper can be used as training material for healthcare professionals, students and the public for raising awareness and understanding of the complexity of ethical issues in dementia care. It can also be used to identify ethical issues that should be addressed in dementia-specific training programmes, national strategy plans and clinical practice guidelines. Further research should evaluate whether this new genre of systematic reviews can be applied to the identification of ethical issues in other cognitive and somatic diseases. Also, the practical challenges in addressing ethical issues in training material, guidelines and policies need to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Strech
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for History, Ethics and Philosophy in Medicine, CELLS-Centre for Ethics and Law in the Life Sciences, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany.
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Theander SS, Gustafson L. Publications on dementia in Medline 1974-2009: a quantitative bibliometric study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 28:471-8. [PMID: 22700009 DOI: 10.1002/gps.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The aim is to describe the development of the scientific literature on dementia. METHODS We present a quantitative, bibliometric study of the literature on dementia, based on Medline, covering 36 years (1974-2009). Two samples of references to dementia papers were retrieved: The main sample based on the MeSH term Dementia holds more than 88,500 references. We have compared the annual additions of references on dementia with the addition to total Medline. Changes of 'the Dementia to Medline ratio' (%) give the best information on the development. RESULTS Publications on dementia increased 5.6 times faster than Medline. Most of this relative acceleration took place during 1980-1997, when the references on dementia increased from 0.17 to 0.78%. During the recent 12 years, the publications on dementia have been keeping pace with Medline and have stabilized around 0.8%. CONCLUSIONS We have shown a large increase of the literature on dementia, relative both to the development of all medical research and to all psychiatric research. The bibliometric approach may be questioned as quantitative methods treat articles as being of equal value, what is not true. If, for example, during a certain period, the research output is 'inflated' by a great number of repetitive papers, the quantitative method will give an unfair picture of the development. Our relative method, however, will give relevant results as, at each point of time, the proportion of 'valuable research' ought to be about the same in the dementia group as in total Medline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sten S Theander
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
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Zhu W, Guan J. A bibliometric study of service innovation research: based on complex network analysis. Scientometrics 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-012-0888-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Framing the structure of global open innovation research. J Informetr 2012; 6:202-216. [PMID: 32362933 PMCID: PMC7185881 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes a way of mapping open innovation research structure by quantitatively analyzing open innovation research papers retrieved from Web of Science database. A total of 130 papers are retrieved in this study and 62 papers which contain keywords are chosen for research structure visualization. Open innovation research networks are quantitatively investigated by combining network theory and keyword co-occurrence. Contour maps of open innovation are also created on the basis of networks for visualization. The networks and contour maps can be expressed differently by choosing different information as the main actors, such as the paper author, the institute, the country or the author-keywords, to reflect open innovation research structures in micro, meso, and macro-levels, respectively. The quantitative ways of exploring open innovation research structure are investigated to unveil important or emerging open innovation components as well as to demonstrate visualization of the structure of global open innovation research. The quantitative method provided in this project shows a possible way of visualizing and evaluating research community structure and thus a computerized calculation is possible for potential quantitative applications on open innovation research management, e.g. R&D resource allocation, research performance evaluation, and science map.
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Lee PC, Su HN. Quantitative mapping of scientific research-The case of electrical conducting polymer nanocomposite. TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE 2011; 78:132-151. [PMID: 32287409 PMCID: PMC7126463 DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2010] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to understand knowledge structure both quantitatively and visually by integrating keyword analysis and social network analysis of scientific papers. The methodology proposed in this study is capable of creating a three-dimensional "Research focus parallelship network" and a "Keyword Co-occurrence Network", together with a two-dimensional knowledge map. The network and knowledge map can be depicted differently by choosing different information for the network actor, i.e. country, institute, paper and keyword, to reflect knowledge structures from macro, to meso, to micro-levels. A total of 223 highly cited papers published by 142 institutes and 26 countries are analyzed in this study. China and the US are the two countries located at the core of knowledge structure and China is ranked no. 1. This quantitative exploration provides a way to unveil important or emerging components in scientific development and also to visualize knowledge; thus an objective evaluation of scientific research is possible for quantitative technology management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Lee
- SPRU, Science and Technology Policy Research, The Freeman Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QE, UK
- Graduate Institute of Technology and Innovation Management, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Chih-nan Rd. Wenshan, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
- Science and Technology Policy Research and Information Center, National Applied Research laboratories, 14 F., No. 106, Sec. 2, He-Ping E. Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ning Su
- Science and Technology Policy Research and Information Center, National Applied Research laboratories, 14 F., No. 106, Sec. 2, He-Ping E. Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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Mapping knowledge structure by keyword co-occurrence: a first look at journal papers in Technology Foresight. Scientometrics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-010-0259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lee PC, Su HN, Wu FS. Quantitative mapping of patented technology - The case of electrical conducting polymer nanocomposite. TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE 2010; 77:466-478. [PMID: 32287408 PMCID: PMC7127399 DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to obtain global technology evolution by constructing and analyzing patent citation network and patent citation map for the field of electrical conducting polymer nanocomposite. A total of 1421 patents are retrieved from USPTO patent database and patent citation network is established by combing both patent citation and social network analysis. Network properties, e.g. Degree Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, and Closeness Centrality, are calculated for representing several technology evolution mechanisms that first proposed in this study. Also, a distance-based patent citation map is constructed by calculating relative distances and positions of patents in the patent citation network. Quantitative ways of exploring technology evolution are investigated in this study to unveil important or emerging techniques as well as to demonstrate dynamics and visualization of technology evolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Lee
- Graduate Institute of Technology and Innovation Management, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Chih-nan Rd. Wenshan, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
- Science and Technology Policy Research and Information Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, 14 F., No. 106, Sec. 2, He-Ping E. Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ning Su
- Science and Technology Policy Research and Information Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, 14 F., No. 106, Sec. 2, He-Ping E. Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Shang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Technology and Innovation Management, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Chih-nan Rd. Wenshan, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
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Kaldjian LC, Shinkunas LA, Bern-Klug M, Schultz SK. Dementia, goals of care, and personhood: a study of surrogate decision makers' beliefs and values. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2010; 27:387-97. [PMID: 20167835 DOI: 10.1177/1049909109358660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surrogate decision makers for persons with advanced dementia play a key role in making decisions about medical treatments for their loved ones. We conducted in-depth interviews of 20 surrogates to examine their goals of care preferences and beliefs about personhood. All surrogates believed the goal of comfort was important, and 30.0% believed that curing physical problems was important. Significant proportions of surrogates acknowledged dementia-related changes in patients' ability to reason, communicate, and relate to others. Qualitative findings demonstrated diverse beliefs regarding the impact of dementia on factors related to personhood, for example, dignity, respect from others, and having a life worth living. In conclusion, the surrogates we interviewed expressed diverse preferences regarding goals of care and diverse assessments about the impact of dementia on personhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris C Kaldjian
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Werner P, Korczyn AD. Mild cognitive impairment: conceptual, assessment, ethical, and social issues. Clin Interv Aging 2008; 3:413-20. [PMID: 18982912 PMCID: PMC2682374 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as a condition characterized by newly acquired cognitive decline to an extent that is beyond that expected for age or educational background, yet not causing significant functional impairment. The concept of MCI has received considerable attention in the literature over the past few years, and aspects related to its definition, prevalence, and evolution have been extensively studied and reviewed. Here we attempt to synthesize the implications of the current status of this entity, focusing on the conceptual, methodological, and, in particular, the social and ethical aspects of MCI which have attracted less attention. We discuss the weaknesses of the concept of MCI, which is heterogeneous in etiology, manifestations, and outcomes, and suggest that the emergence of the syndrome at this stage reflects industrial interests related to possible development of drugs for this disorder. On the other hand, the formal diagnosis of MCI, with its implications that the person may develop dementia, may have a grave impact on the psychological state of the individual, at a stage when prediction of outcome is tenuous and possibilities of useful interventions are meager. We present suggestions for the direction of future research in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Werner
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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28
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Onyancha OB, Ocholla DN. Is HIV/AIDS in Africa distinct? What can we learn from an analysis of the literature? Scientometrics 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-009-0418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tieman J, Sladek R, Currow D. Changes in the quantity and level of evidence of palliative and hospice care literature: the last century. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:5679-83. [PMID: 19001326 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.17.6230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To objectively quantify the literature and the clinical trial basis for palliative and hospice practice given a perception that its evidence base is not well developed. METHODS Using Ovid Medline, the study looked at cumulative and absolute numbers of articles in the general medical literature and the palliative and hospice care literature. The same comparisons were made exploring clinical trials from 1902 to 2005. Data were collated in five year groups from 1970 onward using a highly specific search phrase. RESULTS The proportion of all Ovid Medline publications relating to palliative and hospice care rose from 0.08% in 1970 to 0.38% of the literature in 2005. In the same time, clinical trials increased from 0.96% to 7.22% of the palliative care literature published. By 2005, one in every 122 clinical trials published in the literature as a whole was in palliative or hospice care. The rate of growth in palliative care clinical trials as a proportion of all palliative and hospice publications was on average 1.4 times greater than in the corresponding general literature. More than one half of these studies were reported in just 43 journals, most of which were not specialist palliative and hospice care journals. DISCUSSION Given the diversity of journals in which clinical studies related to hospice and palliative care appear, there is a key challenge for clinicians in finding ways that will allow currency of practice in a broad and rapidly changing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Tieman
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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[Ethics and dementia: a three years' experience of a French "Alzheimer's ethico-clinic workshop"]. Encephale 2008; 34:274-9. [PMID: 18558149 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is a growing interest concerning ethical questions. This ethical need is the more important in the field of dementia. Indeed, the ethical concerns related to this field are highly specific, which leaves some of our questions without pertinent answers. METHODS After three years of experience, it is a good time to assess the Alzheimer ethico-clinic workshop created by a French memory centre (in Grenoble) and encouraged by the French national Alzheimer disease plan. RESULTS Since their implementation, we have recorded 24 monthly coordination meetings, 10 of which have been held through videoconferences with various participants. Most of the time during the workshops, clinical situations that are experienced in our daily activities are brought up by one of us and then exposed for collective discussion. If no practical situation is available, we organize the meetings through critical readings of texts of law or through comments on articles dealing with Ethics. We retain four main ethical topics: the information given to the patient and his family, the acceptance of the person, the balance of benefits/risks and one's individual ethics as opposed to the ethics of a group. At this point in time, we are pleased with the organization of these workshops and feel that they meet our expectations. Thanks to the diverse experiences and activities of each participant, the discussions on Ethics are of high quality. PROSPECTIVES As a place of shared discussions/thoughts, these ethical workshops could constitute a reference to be used when making decisions in complex situations. Other than the importance of the ethical questions that are raised, it should encourage open-minded attitudes and enrich the actions of each of us by making us more aware of the ethical concerns in daily situations. Finally, these workshops could be a field of research for theses, dissertations and answer the training and research needs of a memory centre.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to quantify certain characteristics of the articles published in Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior in three 5-year periods, namely, 1971-1975, 1984-1988, and 1997-2001. The characteristics in question include geographic origin of articles, number of authors per article, number of references listed per article, and number of times an article is cited in the literature. Changes across the three periods in terms of distribution of subjects/participants by age group and gender are also examined. The discussion focuses on explanations for the trends and characteristics that are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Cardinal
- Centre for Research and Intervention on Suicide and Euthanasia (CRISE) at the Université du Québec à Montréal,Qc, Canada.
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van der Vorm A, Rikkert MO, Vernooij-Dassen M, Dekkers W. Genetic research into Alzheimer's disease: a European focus group study on ethical issues. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2008; 23:11-5. [PMID: 17477450 DOI: 10.1002/gps.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in the heritable aspects of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The ethical implications of this kind of research are also attracting attention. However, relatively few open-ended qualitative studies have been carried out to study these aspects. OBJECTIVE To explore and analyse ethical issues raised by genetic research into AD. METHODS A modified focus group technique. RESULTS Participants stressed the importance of relatives in genetic research and suggested a family consent procedure. The consent procedure ought to be more uniform within Europe and should allow for variation in the types of research being done. The long-term results of genetic research into AD are expected to be positive while the short-term results seem likely to be negative. The perception of AD as a disease could be changed by the results from genetic research into AD, and this could have effects at the individual level (feelings of guilt and responsibility for one's own health). CONCLUSIONS (1) The role of the family in genetic AD research differs from its role in other biomedical research into AD. The development of a family consent procedure might solve some informed consent problems. (2) Negative social consequences of genetic AD research are expected in the short term, but there are hopes of positive consequences in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anco van der Vorm
- Department of Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
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Sanz-Casado E, Ramírez-de Santa Pau M, Suárez-Balseiro CA, Iribarren-Maestro I, de Pedro-Cuesta J. Trends in scientific activity addressing transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: a bibliometric study covering the period 1973-2002. BMC Public Health 2006; 6:245. [PMID: 17026743 PMCID: PMC1615877 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to analyse the trends in scientific research on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies by applying bibliometric tools to the scientific literature published between 1973 and 2002. METHODS The data for the study were obtained from Medline database, in order to determine the volume of scientific output in the above period, the countries involved, the type of document and the trends in the subject matters addressed. The period 1973-2002 was divided in three sub-periods. RESULTS We observed a significant growth in scientific production. The percentage of increase is 871.7 from 1973 to 2002. This is more evident since 1991 and particularly in the 1996-2001 period. The countries found to have the highest output were the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France and Germany. The evolution in the subject matters was almost constant in the three sub-periods in which the study was divided. In the first and second sub-periods, the subject matters of greatest interest were more general, i.e Nervous system or Nervous system diseases, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Scrapie, and Chemicals and Drugs, but in the last sub-period, some changes were observed because the Prion-related matters had the greatest presence. Collaboration among authors is small from 1973 to 1992, but increases notably in the third sub-period, and also the number of authors and clusters formed. Some of the authors, like Gajdusek or Prusiner, appear in the whole period. CONCLUSION The study reveals a very high increase in scientific production. It is related also with the beginnings of research on bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, with the establishment of progressive collaboration relationships and a reflection of public health concerns about this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elías Sanz-Casado
- Laboratory of Information Metric Studies (LEMI) – Library Science and Documentation Department. Carlos III University of Madrid. Madrid 126, 28903 Getafe, Spain
| | - Margarita Ramírez-de Santa Pau
- Spanish Network for Cooperative Research in Neurological Diseases (CIEN) and Spanish Network for Cooperative Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (RCESP). Carlos III Institute of Health. Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos A Suárez-Balseiro
- Observatorio de Estudios Relacionados con la Información (OERI). School of Information Science and Technologies. Puerto Rico University, Recinto de Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - Isabel Iribarren-Maestro
- Laboratory of Information Metric Studies (LEMI) – Library Science and Documentation Department. Carlos III University of Madrid. Madrid 126, 28903 Getafe, Spain
| | - Jesús de Pedro-Cuesta
- Applied Epidemiology Department. National Center of Epidemiology. Carlos III Institute of Health. Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Our improved understanding of the experience of people with dementia provides a new impetus to address legal and ethical issues. This paper explores emerging issues in relation to awareness in dementia and its impact on legal and ethical matters. The different approaches and principles demonstrated in relation to ethical issues are discussed, with an exploration of the concepts of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and paternalism. Application of these concepts is discussed in relation to advance directives, capacity, and decision making, participation in research and treatment, including informed consent, and truth telling. The tensions that exist between the imperatives of doing no harm and of maintaining autonomy in addressing legal and ethical issues are highlighted, and attention drawn to the manner in which the attribution of unawareness is used to justify withholding autonomy. The review emphasizes the importance of considering competency and awareness as being multi-faceted, to be understood in the context of social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Woods
- Dementia Services Development Centre, University of Wales Bangor, Bangor, UK.
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