1
|
Steinmann LA, Claaß LV, Rau M, Massag J, Diexer S, Klee B, Gottschick C, Binder M, Sedding D, Frese T, Girndt M, Hoell J, Moor I, Rosendahl J, Gekle M, Mikolajczyk R, Opel N. Differential associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection, perceived burden of the pandemic and mental health in the German population-based cohort for digital health research. Psychiatry Res 2024; 341:116140. [PMID: 39217829 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the potential adverse effects of the COVID-19-pandemic on mental health remains a challenge for public health. Differentiation between potential consequences of actual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the subjective burden of the pandemic due to measures and restrictions to daily life still remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated the differential association between infection with SARS-Cov-2 and subjective burden of the pandemic in a study cohort of 7601 participants from the German population-based cohort for digital health research (DigiHero), who were recruited between March 4th and April 25th 2022. Data was collected using the online survey tool LimeSurvey® between March and October 2022 in consecutive surveys, which included questionnaires on infection status and symptoms following COVID-19 as well as retrospective assessment of the subjective burden of the pandemic. We observed an association of a past SARS-CoV-2 infection on deteriorated mental health related symptoms, whereas no association or interaction with burden of the pandemic occurred. The association was driven by participants with persistent symptoms 12 weeks after infection. On a symptom specific level, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as exhaustion and fatigue, concentration deficits and problems with memory function were the primary drivers of the association with small effect sizes between 0.048 and 0.062 ηp2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia A Steinmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany.
| | - Luise V Claaß
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Moritz Rau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Janka Massag
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Diexer
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bianca Klee
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mascha Binder
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Haematology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Sedding
- Mid-German Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoell
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Irene Moor
- Institute for Medical Sociology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jonas Rosendahl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alzahrani A, Keyworth C, Alshahrani KM, Alkhelaifi R, Johnson J. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder among paramedic students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02755-6. [PMID: 39264380 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are elevated mental health concerns in paramedic students, but estimates vary between studies and countries, and no review has established the overall prevalence. This systematic review addressed this by estimating the global prevalence of common mental health disorders, namely anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in paramedic students internationally. METHODS A systematic search of six databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and medRxiv, was conducted to identify studies relating to mental health among paramedicine students. The search encompassed studies from inception until February 2023. To be considered for inclusion in the review, the studies had to report prevalence data on at least one symptom of anxiety, depression, or PTSD in paramedicine students, using quantitative validated scales. The quality of the studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist, which is a specific methodological tool for assessing prevalence studies. Subgroup analyses were not conducted due to insufficient data. RESULTS 1638 articles were identified from the searches, and 193 full texts were screened, resulting in 13 papers for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The total number of participants was 1064 from 10 countries. The pooled prevalence of moderate PTSD was 17.9% (95% CI 14.8-21.6%), anxiety was 56.4% (95% CI 35,9-75%), and depression was at 34.7% (95% CI 23.4-48.1%). CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis has found that paramedicine students globally exhibit a high prevalence of moderate PTSD, anxiety, and depression. The prevalence of these mental health conditions surpasses those among paramedic providers and the general population, as indicated by previous reviews. Further research is therefore warranted to determine appropriate support and interventions for this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Alzahrani
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK.
- Department of Basic Science, Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, 11466, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Chris Keyworth
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK
| | - Khalid Mufleh Alshahrani
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK
- Faculty of Arts and Humanity, Psychology Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan Alkhelaifi
- Department of Aviation and Marines, Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, 11466, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Judith Johnson
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terry DP, Bishay AE, Rigney GH, Williams K, Davis P, Jo J, Zuckerman SL. Symptoms of Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome are Common in Community-Dwelling Adults. Sports Med 2024; 54:2453-2465. [PMID: 38687442 PMCID: PMC11393129 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02029-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The consensus criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the possible in vivo clinical syndrome associated with significant repetitive head impacts, have only been minimally studied to date. This study examined the prevalence of the proposed core clinical features of TES in a sample of healthy adults. METHODS A cross-sectional survey study was conducted through ResearchMatch, a national health volunteer registry. Participants were assessed for symptoms of TES based on the 2021 consensus criteria, including prior repetitive head impacts and core clinical features. Additional health information (e.g., concussion history, psychological health, sleep, chronic pain) was also evaluated. The consensus proposed research criteria for TES (i.e., reporting at least one progressive core clinical feature of TES, as in progressive difficulties with episodic memory, executive functioning, or neurobehavioral dysregulation) were applied to the sample. RESULTS Out of 1100 participants (average age = 53.6 ± 17.7 years, 55% women), 34.6% endorsed one or more progressive core clinical features of TES. Participants with a significant history of contact sports (i.e., ≥ 5 years total, with ≥ 2 years in high school or beyond) had similar rates of endorsing a progressive core clinical feature of TES compared to those without significant histories of repetitive head impacts (36.4% vs 32.8%, respectively, χ2 = 0.52, p = 0.47). A significant history of repetitive head impacts in sports was not associated with endorsing a core clinical feature of TES in univariable or multivariable models (p > 0.47), whereas current depression/anxiety (odds ratio [OR] = 6.94), a history of psychiatric disorders (OR = 2.57), current sleep problems (OR = 1.56), and younger age (OR = 0.99) were significant predictors of TES status in a multivariable model. In a subsample of 541 participants who denied a lifetime history of contact sports, other forms of repetitive head impacts, and concussions, approximately 31.0% endorsed one or more progressive core clinical features of TES. Additionally, 73.5% of neurotrauma-naïve participants with current anxiety or depression reported at least one core progressive feature of TES, compared with 20.2% of those without clinically significant depression/anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of adults without a significant history of repetitive head impacts from sports endorsed core TES features, particularly those experiencing mental health symptoms. Having a significant history of contact sports was not associated with endorsing a core progressive clinical feature of TES, whereas other health factors were. These findings underscore the need for validating and refining TES criteria in samples with and without substantial neurotrauma histories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P Terry
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Suite 4340, 1500 21St Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37206, USA.
| | | | - Grant H Rigney
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristen Williams
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Suite 4340, 1500 21St Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37206, USA
| | - Philip Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Suite 4340, 1500 21St Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37206, USA
| | - Jacob Jo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Suite 4340, 1500 21St Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37206, USA
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Suite 4340, 1500 21St Ave South, Nashville, TN, 37206, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Apalasamy YD, Awang H, Mansor N, Othman A, Jani R, Nik Osman NNA, Tan CL. Factors Influencing Mental Well-being Among Older Malaysians. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024:10105395241275232. [PMID: 39212135 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241275232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Older adults are at greater risk of mental health issues. This study examined the factors influencing mental well-being among 2230 Malaysian older adults, using data from the 2018 to 2019 Malaysia Ageing and Retirement Survey. The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) was used to assess mental well-being, and linear regression analysis identified the significant factors. Women had lower mental well-being scores than men (P = .012, β = -0.016). Chinese (P = .024, β = -0.020), Indian (P < .001, β = -0.043), and other ethnicities (P < .001, β = -0.031) reported lower scores than Malays. The factors associated with better well-being were secondary (P = .001, β = 0.032) and tertiary education (P < .001, β = 0.063), and good (P < .001, β = 0.081) and moderate (P < .001, β = 0.038) health status. Diseases-limiting activities were associated with poor well-being (P < .001, β = -0.030). Support from family (P < .001, β = 0.062) and friends (P < .001, β = 0.032), social activity participation (P < .001, β = 0.026), and functional ability (P < .001, β = 0.043) were significant positive factors. There is a need for targeted interventions to enhance mental health among Malaysian older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Halimah Awang
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norma Mansor
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azmah Othman
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Jani
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chin Lung Tan
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mohammadi AQ, Neyazi A, Habibi D, Mehmood Q, Neyazi M, Griffiths MD. Female education ban by the Taliban: A descriptive survey study on suicidal ideation, mental health, and health-related quality of life among girls in Afghanistan. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:e439-e447. [PMID: 38936836 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following the Taliban's resurgence, Afghan girls were probited from attending school and university, likely causing adverse psychological effects. Therefore, the present study investigated depression, suicidal ideation, and quality of life (QoL) among Afghan girls banned from education by the Taliban. METHODS A survey study assessed depression, suicidal ideation, and QoL among 426 females prohibited from attending secondary schools, high schools, and universities by the Taliban. The study used the CES-D 20 Scale to assess depression, and the WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire to assess QoL. Associations between variables were tested with chi-square tests, and predictors of QoL were analyzed through multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Among the 426 participants, 87.6% exhibited depression symptoms and 49.8% reported suicidal thoughts. Significant predictors of overall QoL included monthly family income (B = 0.147, P = 0.001), recent others' behavior toward participants (B = -0.247, P < 0.001), physical illness (B = 0.110, P = 0.011), experiencing a recent traumatic event (B = 0.108, P = 0.015), depression (B = -0.159, P < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (B = -0.187, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In Taliban-ruled Afghanistan, the results indicated that female students who have been prohibited from studying in classes have a high prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation. Having depression and suicidal ideation significantly predicted decreased quality of life among female students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadim Mohammadi
- Department of Mental Health, Herat Regional Hospital, Khaja Ali Movafaq Rd, Herat 3001, Afghanistan
| | - Ahmad Neyazi
- Afghanistan Center for Epidemiological Studies, Shahzadegan 7 Street, Herat 3001, Afghanistan
| | - Diva Habibi
- Afghanistan Center for Epidemiological Studies, Shahzadegan 7 Street, Herat 3001, Afghanistan
| | - Qasim Mehmood
- King Edward Medical University, Neela Gumbad Lahore, Punjab 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehrab Neyazi
- Afghanistan Center for Epidemiological Studies, Shahzadegan 7 Street, Herat 3001, Afghanistan
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottttingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chawla S, Kaida A, Brouillette MJ, Kleiner B, Dubuc D, Skerritt L, Burchell AN, Rouleau D, Loutfy M, de Pokomandy A. Mental health service use and shortages among a cohort of women living with HIV in Canada. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:923. [PMID: 39135046 PMCID: PMC11321070 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of mental health conditions among women with HIV in Canada ranges between 29.5% and 57.4%, highlighting the need for accessible mental health care. We aimed to (1) describe the availability and use of mental health services among women with HIV and (2) identify characteristics associated with reporting that shortages of these services presented a problem in their care. METHODS Baseline data from the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study were analysed. Self-reported availability and use of mental health services were examined using descriptive statistics. Participants indicated whether a lack of mental health support was a problem in their care. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics and reported problematic shortages. RESULTS Of 1422 women, 26.7% (n = 380) used mental health services in the last year, which most accessed through their HIV clinic. Thirty-eight percent (n = 541) reported that a shortage of mental health support was a problem in their care. Among this subset, 22.1% (n = 119) used services at their HIV clinic, 26.5% (n = 143) reported available services but did not use them, and 51.4% (n = 277) either indicated that these services were unavailable, did not know if such services were available, or were unengaged in HIV care. Factors associated with reporting problematic shortages included rural residence [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.77], higher education level (aOR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02-2.02), and higher HIV stigma score (aOR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.03). Conversely, African/Caribbean/Black identity (aOR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.26-0.54), history of recreational drug use (aOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.39-0.81), and Quebec residence (aOR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.96) were associated with lower odds of reporting service shortages. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the HIV clinic as the primary location of mental health service use. However, existing services may not be sufficient to reach all patients or meet specific needs. Furthermore, the low uptake among those reporting a shortage suggests a lack of connection to services or patient knowledge about their availability. Characteristics associated with reporting shortages reflect geographic and socioeconomic disparities that must be accounted for in future service design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seerat Chawla
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela Kaida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Brouillette
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bluma Kleiner
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Danièle Dubuc
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lashanda Skerritt
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ann N Burchell
- MAP-Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Rouleau
- Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mona Loutfy
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra de Pokomandy
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guan N, Guariglia A, Moore P, Al-Janabi H. Financial Literacy and Mental Health: Empirical Evidence from China. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2024:10.1007/s40258-024-00899-9. [PMID: 39078570 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-024-00899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE While financial literacy is a plausible determinant of mental health, there are relatively few studies exploring the relationship between financial literacy and mental health, and the existing literature focuses on a single construct of financial literacy in high-income settings. Our study addresses this by investigating whether there is an association between financial knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours and mental health in Chinese adults. METHODS We use data from the China Family Panel Studies, a nationally representative longitudinal survey. Mental health is measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and financial literacy is assessed using a unique module on financial literacy covering financial knowledge, financial attitudes and financial behaviours. RESULTS We found that overall financial literacy and two of its dimensions (financial attitudes and financial behaviours) are always positively associated with mental health. A positive association between basic financial knowledge and mental health is also apparent but is mediated by households' finances. Our results are robust to using different outcome variables and estimation methods. Finally, we found that compared with their counterparts without debt, indebted respondents show a stronger sensitivity of mental health to basic financial knowledge, as well as a significant association between advanced financial knowledge and mental health, which persist when we control for households' finances. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that investments in financial education might significantly benefit mental health in Chinese adults. This is especially the case among indebted adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naijie Guan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Alessandra Guariglia
- Department of Economics, University of Birmingham, University House, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Patrick Moore
- School of Health and Population Science, Bristol Medical School (PHS), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hareth Al-Janabi
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Straiton ML, Abebe DS, Hauge LJ. Age of migration and common mental disorders among migrants in early adulthood: a Norwegian registry study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:521. [PMID: 39039492 PMCID: PMC11265079 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Younger age of migration is associated with higher risk of psychotic disorders but the relationship between age of migration and common mental disorders is less clear. This study investigates the association between age of migration and diagnosed common mental disorders among migrants living in Norway. METHODS Using national Norwegian register data from 2008 to 2019, we compared the odds of a common mental disorder diagnosis in healthcare services during early adulthood among non-migrants, descendants and migrants with different ages of migration and lengths of stay. We also investigated differences in the relationship for different migrant groups and for men and women. RESULTS Descendants and childhood migrants with ≥ 19 years in Norway had higher odds of common mental disorders than non-migrants, while those migrating during adolescence with ≥ 19 years in Norway had similar odds. Those migrating during emerging and early adulthood had lower odds. Overall among migrants, the relationship between age of migration and common mental disorders was more pronounced for migrants < 19 years in Norway than ≥ 19 years and for non-refugees compared with refugees, especially men. CONCLUSIONS Descendants and childhood migrants with long stays may have higher odds of common mental disorders due to the associated stress of growing up in a bicultural context compared with non-migrants. Age of migration has a negative association with diagnosed common mental disorders but much of this effect may attenuate over time. The effect appears weaker for refugees, and particularly refugee men, which may reflect higher levels of pre-migration trauma and stress associated with the asylum-seeking period for those arriving as adults. At the same time, migrants, especially those arriving as adults, experience barriers to care. This could also explain the particularly low odds of diagnosed common mental disorders among adult migrants, especially those with shorter stays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Straiton
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway.
| | - Dawit Shawel Abebe
- Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4, St Olavs plass, Oslo, 0130, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, P.O. Box 104, Brumunddal, NO-2381, Norway
| | - Lars Johan Hauge
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Michel G, Baenziger J, Brodbeck J, Mader L, Kuehni CE, Roser K. The Brief Symptom Inventory in the Swiss general population: Presentation of norm scores and predictors of psychological distress. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305192. [PMID: 38959205 PMCID: PMC11221686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychological distress is an important and frequent health problem. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) allows screening for psychological distress in clinical, general and research populations. We aimed to provide normative data for the BSI and the BSI-18 for the Swiss general population: We 1) present psychometric properties, 2) develop a Swiss T-standardization and validate it using a clinical sample, 3) describe psychological distress in the Swiss general population and the clinical sample, and 4) compare the means and T-standardized scores of the Swiss general population to different German norm populations. Using a cross-sectional study design, we invited a representative sample of the Swiss general population aged 18-75 years to the study. A sample of psychotherapy outpatients had competed the BSI before start of their therapy. We calculated scores for the nine scales of the BSI (three of them constitute the BSI-18), the T-standardization and the following BSI indices: Global Severity Index (GSI), Positive Symptom Total (PST), Positive Symptom Distress Index (PSDI), and Caseness (reaching T≥63 on the GSI or T≥63 on at least two of the scales). A total of 1238 general population participants completed the BSI (41.8% male; mean age 48.9 years). The BSI had good psychometric properties. The Swiss T-standardization showed good validity when applied in the clinical sample. Females reached a significantly higher GSI score than males (p<0.001). Older participants (p = 0.026), those with higher education (p <0.001), and those employed or retired (p<0.001) reached lower scores than participants aged 18-25 years, those with compulsory schooling, and unemployed participants, respectively. A total of 18.1% (CI: 16.0-20.5) participants of the general population and 75.2% (CI: 73.7-76.7) of the psychotherapy patients were considered cases with psychological distress. Our study presents detailed normative data for the BSI and the BSI-18 based on a representative sample of the Swiss general population. This information will be helpful for clinical applications and research in the Swiss and international context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Michel
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine,tableniversity of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Julia Baenziger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine,tableniversity of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Luzius Mader
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine,tableniversity of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Cancer Registry Bern-Solothurn, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E. Kuehni
- Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Roser
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine,tableniversity of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yamashita T, Quy PN, Yamada C, Nogami E, Kato K. A prospective cohort study in depression and anxiety among Vietnamese migrants in Japan during the early to mid-COVID-19 pandemic. Trop Med Health 2024; 52:43. [PMID: 38951851 PMCID: PMC11218073 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-024-00605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The enduring COVID-19 pandemic has had persistent, intermittent socioeconomic impacts on migrants. This raises the concern that many Vietnamese migrants in Japan may have developed mental health issues due to the socioeconomic impact. The study aimed to examine changes in the socio-economic and mental health status of Vietnamese migrants in Japan and factors affecting mental health status during the early to mid-COVID-19 period. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study among Vietnamese migrants in Japan from September to October 2021 (baseline) and from May to June 2022 (follow-up) using an online questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between changes in socioeconomic status and alterations in symptoms of depression and anxiety within this demographic. RESULTS The mean age of the 159 participants was 26.1 ± 4.9 years, with a mean length of residency in Japan of 4.0 ± 4.1 years. The mean PHQ-9 score exhibited a significant decrease from 7.89 (SD = 6.34) to 6.62 (SD = 5.87) (p = 0.01). Variables associated with changes in depression and anxiety included subjective socioeconomic status (unstandardized partial regression coefficient (UPRC): 1.901, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30 to 3.50, p = 0.02) and (UPRC: 2.060, 95% CI 0.80 to 3.32, p = 0.002), as well as changes in having someone with whom to discuss one's health (UPRC: 2.689, 95% CI 0.89 to 4.49, p = 0.004) and (UPRC: 1.955, 95% CI 0.54 to 3.38, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort study of depression and anxiety, depressive symptoms among Vietnamese migrants decreased from 2021 to 2022. Key findings underscore the importance of socioeconomic status improvement and having someone to discuss to about their health as protective factors against mental health challenges. Employment and social support have emerged as crucial determinants of mental health among Vietnamese migrants in Japan, emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive support strategies addressing both economic vulnerabilities and social connectedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Yamashita
- Faculty of Nursing, Kobe City College of Nursing, 3-4 Gakuennishi-machi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2103, Japan.
| | - Pham Nguyen Quy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyoto Miniren Central Hospital, 2-1 Uzumasa Tsuchimoto-cho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto, 616-8147, Japan
| | - Chika Yamada
- Department of Environmental Coexistence, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 46 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Emi Nogami
- Department of Social Welfare, School of Psychology and Social Welfare, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46, Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan
| | - Kenji Kato
- Faculty of Nursing, Kobe Women's University, 4-7-2, Minatojima Nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0046, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kenntemich L, von Hülsen L, Eggert L, Kriston L, Gallinat J, Schäfer I, Lotzin A. Trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A longitudinal cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:136-146. [PMID: 38552918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most COVID-19-related mental health research focused on average levels of mental health parameters in the general population. However, considering heterogeneous groups and their long-term responses could deepen our understanding of mental health during community crises. This four-wave study aimed to (1) identify subgroups with different trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the German general population, and (2) investigate associated risk factors. METHODS We analyzed self-report data from N = 1257 German adults participating in a European cohort study, assessed in summer 2020 (T1), and at 6 (T2), 12 (T3), and 30 months (T4). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the PHQ-4. Sociodemographic, health-related, and pandemic-related variables were assessed at baseline. We applied growth mixture modeling to identify subgroups of symptom trajectories and conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine factors associated with class membership. RESULTS We identified six symptom trajectories: Low-stable (n = 971, 77.2 %), Continuous deterioration (n = 30, 2.4 %), Transient deterioration (n = 75, 6.0 %), Continuous improvement (n = 97, 7.7 %), Transient improvement (n = 38, 3.0 %) and Chronicity (n = 46, 3.7 %). Age, education, work status, mental health diagnoses, self-reported health, and pandemic-related news consumption were significantly associated with subgroup membership. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of the study is constrained by an unrepresentative sampling method, a notable dropout rate, and limited consideration of risk factors. CONCLUSION Most people experienced low symptoms or improvement during the pandemic, while others experienced chronic or transient symptoms. Specific risk factors were associated with these trajectories, revealing nuanced mental health dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kenntemich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Leonie von Hülsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Eggert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Levente Kriston
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annett Lotzin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pulok MH, Novaes de Amorim A, Johansen S, Pilon K, Lucente C, Saini V. Evaluating the impact of the Community Helpers Program on adolescents 12-18 years old in Edmonton, Canada. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2024; 115:521-534. [PMID: 38683287 PMCID: PMC11151899 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
INTERVENTION Alberta Health Services (AHS) Community Helpers Program (CHP) to enhance mental health among youth. RESEARCH QUESTION Identifying the impact of CHP on mental illness-related acute care use among adolescents aged 12-18 years in Edmonton and determining cost avoidance. METHODS Using administrative data from AHS, public school catchment area data from the Edmonton Public School Board, and area-level socioeconomic deprivation status indicators from the Pampalon deprivation index, we applied geographical regression discontinuity design to estimate the effect of CHP implementation on depression-, anxiety-, and suicide-related acute care use (emergency department visits and inpatient admissions). Cost data were derived from Interactive Health Data Application of Alberta Health. The study period (2002-2022) included pre (2002-2011) and post (2012-2020) CHP implementation periods. RESULTS CHP had statistically significant impact when distance from the boundary (catchment area identifier to divide the sample into treated and control groups) was between 600 and 800 m. About 90 and 80 fewer anxiety- and depression-related visits (per 1000 visits) were observed among individuals aged 12-15 and 16-18 years, respectively, in catchment areas of the public schools where CHP was implemented. Impact of CHP on suicide-related visits was only statistically significant among individuals aged 12-15 years. Annual cost reduction ranged from $161,117 to $269,255 for anxiety- and depression-related visits. CONCLUSION Findings show contextual effect of CHP; i.e., being potentially exposed to the program reduced the likelihood of anxiety- and depression-related visits. Costs of CHP implementation could be compared with the avoided costs to assess economic benefits of implementing CHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Habibullah Pulok
- Research & Innovation, Public Health Evidence & Innovation, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Arthur Novaes de Amorim
- Research & Innovation, Public Health Evidence & Innovation, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra Johansen
- Performance, Program & Impact, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kristin Pilon
- Provincial Injury Prevention, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christina Lucente
- Provincial Injury Prevention, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Vineet Saini
- Research & Innovation, Public Health Evidence & Innovation, Provincial Population & Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zemp C, Vallières F, Jama MA, Ali AH, Young K, Jagoe C. The unmet need for mental health support among persons with disabilities in Somalia: Principal correlates and barriers to access. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e73. [PMID: 39257679 PMCID: PMC11383976 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Disability and mental ill-health may be especially prevalent in Somalia, largely due to a protracted armed conflict and its consequent humanitarian crises. Little, if any, research to date, however, has simultaneously explored disability- and mental health-related factors in the Somali context. Using both descriptive and regression analytical techniques, we aimed to determine how increasing levels of functional impairment reported across different disability domains (i.e., visual, hearing and cognition), number of concomitant disabilities, and other empirically supported variables (such as employment and sex) are associated with the likelihood of self-identifying the need for mental health support among a sample (N = 1,355) of Somalis with disabilities, as well as identify the common barriers to such support. Despite most participants self-identifying a need for mental health support, only 15% were able to access it, with the most common barriers being the cost of services and the unavailability of local services. Being female, married, and having increasing levels of functional difficulty in the cognitive, mobility and self-care domains of disability were each significantly associated with an increased likelihood of the self-identified need for mental health support. This study's findings highlight potential points of prioritisation for mental health policy and programming in Somalia. A Somali version of this abstract can be found in the Supplementary Material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Zemp
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Frédérique Vallières
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | - Kirsten Young
- United Nations Human Rights and Protection Group, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Caroline Jagoe
- Department of Clinical Speech & Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Torales J, Barrios I, Melgarejo O, Ruiz Díaz N, O'Higgins M, Navarro R, Amarilla D, Almirón-Santacruz J, González-Urbieta I, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Ventriglio A. Hope, resilience and subjective happiness among general population of Paraguay in the post COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:489-497. [PMID: 38059364 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231216342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive mental health includes not only the absence of mental disorders but also the presence of subjective well-being, good coping strategies for life stress, and strategies for adapting to community life. It is well known that the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged mental health in general population worldwide. However, research has not measured protective factors for mental health in the general population after the declared end of pandemic by the World Health Organization. METHODS This observational, cross-sectional study surveyed 591 Paraguayan participants aged ⩾18 years, who were recruited through an online survey. Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status were collected as well as mental health and validated tools for hope, resilience, subjective happiness were administered. RESULTS Of the participants, 81.6% were women, 54% were married or in a relationship and 90.7% reported an university education. The main source of stress was economic issues (30.3%). A total of 22.7% had been previously diagnosed with a mental disorder, 22.2% had consulted a mental health professional and 10.8% had consumed prescription drugs. 42.6% reported flourishing, 36.2% reported moderate and 21.2% reported languishing mental health. CONCLUSIONS This large survey has shown that most of participants reported a flourishing mental health with high ratings at hope, resilience, and subjective happiness scales. Also, the main sources of stress were economic issues, not consequently related to the pandemic. This may add evidences to the international debate on the long term effects of the global pandemic and probably suggests that recovery processes have been collectively adopted in Paraguay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Torales
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Iván Barrios
- Department of Statistics, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, Santa Rosa del Aguaray Campus, Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Paraguay
| | - Osvaldo Melgarejo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Noelia Ruiz Díaz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Marcelo O'Higgins
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Rodrigo Navarro
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Diego Amarilla
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - José Almirón-Santacruz
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | | | | | - João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
- Department of Neuroscience, Fundação do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ferri Grazzi E, Blenkiron T, Hawes C, Camp C, O'Hara J, Burke T, O'Brien G. Anxiety and depression among adults with haemophilia A: Patient and physician reported symptoms from the real-world European CHESS II study. Haemophilia 2024; 30:743-751. [PMID: 38507035 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The physical pain and disability affecting many people with haemophilia A (PwHA) are known detractors from psychological wellbeing. While psychosocial support is considered a core tenet of the haemophilia comprehensive care structure, the extent to which mental health challenges are detected and monitored by the individuals treating haematologist remains relatively unexplored. AIM To describe prevalence of anxiety and depression in a real-world cohort of adult PwHA and evaluate the congruence in reporting of anxiety or depression (A/D) between PwHA and their treating physicians. METHODS Data for PwHA without inhibitors was drawn from the European 'Cost of Haemophilia: A Socioeconomic Survey II' (CHESS II) study. Haematologist-indicated comorbidities of anxiety and depression were unified into a single A/D indicator. The EQ-5D-5L health status measure was used to characterise self-reported A/D, with individuals stratified into two non-mutually exclusive subgroups based on level of A/D reported (Subgroup A: 'some' or above; Subgroup B: 'moderate' or above). RESULT Of 381 PwHA with evaluable EQ-5D-5L responses, 54% (n = 206) self-reported at least some A/D (Subgroup A) and 17% (n = 66) reported at least moderate A/D (Subgroup B). Patient-physician congruence in A/D reporting was 53% and 76% for Subgroups A and B, respectively. Descriptive analysis suggested that individuals with physician- and/or self-reported A/D experienced worse clinical outcomes (bleeding events, joint disease, chronic pain). CONCLUSION While adverse clinical outcomes appear to correlate with A/D, self-reports of moderate-severe symptoms occasionally lacked formal recognition from treating physicians. Cross-disciplinary surveillance of mental health issues could improve both psychological and clinical outcomes among PwHA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Blenkiron
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, HCD Economics, Knutsford, UK
| | | | | | - Jamie O'Hara
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, HCD Economics, Knutsford, UK
- Department of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Tom Burke
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, HCD Economics, Knutsford, UK
- Department of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Gráinne O'Brien
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ani C, Ola B, Hodes M, Eapen V. Editorial: Equity, diversity and inclusion in child and adolescent mental health - equality of opportunities should be every child's right and every society's obligation. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024; 29:123-125. [PMID: 38634293 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Socio-ecological factors are major determinants of poor mental health across the life span. These factors can lead to health inequalities, which refer to differences in the health of individuals or groups (Kirkbride et al., 2024). Health inequity "is a specific type of health inequality that denotes an unjust, avoidable, systematic and unnecessary difference in health" (Arcaya, Arcaya, & Subramanian, 2015). Among several intersecting social adversities, inequity is one of the most pervasive contributors to poor mental health across all regions (Venkatapuram & Marmot, 2023). Structural inequity creates institutional power structures that marginalise large sections of the population and concentrate resources in the hands of a small minority (Shim, Kho, & Murray-García, 2018). The world is now more prosperous than it has ever been, yet the world is witnessing more within country inequality with the vast majority of the world's resources in the hands of a small minority of individuals or regions (United Nations, 2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Ani
- Imperial College London, London, UK
- Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Leatherhead, UK
| | | | | | - Valsamma Eapen
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sharma I, Marwale AV, Sidana R, Gupta ID. Lifestyle modification for mental health and well-being. Indian J Psychiatry 2024; 66:219-234. [PMID: 39100126 PMCID: PMC11293293 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_39_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy life-style leads to mental ill-health and poor quality of life and is the major determinant of a wide range of lifestyle disorders. The aim was to 1) review the work relating to life style modification for promoting mental health and 2) Present recommendations on life-style modification for mental health and wellbeing. Material and Methods The work on life style changes for promotion of mental health was retrieved from the scientific literature and critically reviewed. Conclusions Recommendations on 'Life-style modification for mental health and wellbeing' are presented. 20 specific components of healthy life style included are: Routine, time management, prayer, basic activities, reading newspaper, study/work, exercise, recreation/ relaxation/ talent promotion, education, cognitive activities, social networking, guidelines for behavior, peer group, social group, marriage/family, life skills, physical health, health education, mobile use, and digital media. The lifestyle modification package is comprehensive and geared to promote mental health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indira Sharma
- Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry (NAMS) and Professor and Head, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun V. Marwale
- Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Roop Sidana
- Tekchand Sidana Memorial Mental Psychiatric Hospital and De-Addiction Centre, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ishwar D. Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiménez-Solomon O, Irwin G, Melanie W, Christopher W. When money and mental health problems pile up: The reciprocal relationship between income and psychological distress. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101624. [PMID: 38380052 PMCID: PMC10876910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Longitudinal studies suggest that socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health have a bidirectional relationship such that SES declines lead to a deterioration of mental health (social causation), while worsening mental health leads to SES declines (social drift). However, the dynamic relationship between income and psychological distress has not been sufficiently studied. Methods We use cross-lagged panel models with unit fixed effects (FE-CLPM) and data from a five-wave representative panel (n = 3103) of working-age (18-64) New York City adults. Yearly measures include individual earnings, family income (income-to-needs), and psychological distress. We also examine effects by age, gender, education, and racial/ethnic identification. Results We find significant bidirectional effects between earnings and distress. Increases in past-year individual earnings decrease past-month psychological distress (social causation effect [SCE], standardized β= -0.07) and increases in psychological distress reduce next-year individual earnings (social drift effect [SDE], β= -0.03). Family income and distress only have a unidirectional relationship from past-year family income to distress (SCE, β= -.03). Strongest evidence of bidirectional effects between earnings and distress is for prime working-age individuals (SCE, β= -0.1; SDE, β= -0.03), those with less than bachelor's degrees (SCE, β= -0.08; SDE, β= -0.05), and Hispanics (SCE, β= -0.06; SDE, β= -0.08). We also find evidence of reciprocal effects between family income and distress for women (SCE, β= -0.03; SDE, β= -0.05), and Hispanics (SDE, β= -0.04; SDE, β= -0.08). Conclusions Individual earnings, which are labor market indicators, may be stronger social determinants of mental health than family income. However, important differences in social causation and social drift effects exist across groups by age, education, gender, and racial/ethnic identities. Future research should examine the types of policies that may buffer the mental health impact of negative income shocks and the declines in income associated with worsening mental health, especially among the most vulnerable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Jiménez-Solomon
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence for Cultural Competence, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 69, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Garfinkel Irwin
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Wall Melanie
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 48, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, R207, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wimer Christopher
- Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Di Plinio S, Arnò S, Ebisch SJH. The state-trait sense of self inventory: A psychometric study of self-experience and its relation to psychosis-like manifestations. Conscious Cogn 2024; 118:103634. [PMID: 38215634 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2024.103634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The sense of self is a fundamental construct in the study of the mind, yet its psychological nature remains elusive. We introduce a novel 25-item inventory to investigate selfhood both as an enduring trait and a temporary state. We hypothesized two foundational aspects of the self: identity (related to self-referencing and continuity over time) and agency (the perception of controlling own's actions and thoughts). Results from two population studies highlight a singular self-trait factor combining agency and identity. In contrast, self-state measures revealed a bifactorial structure with a high-order factor and three lower-order subfactors: state-identity, state-agency, and state-technology. These factors were predictive of psychosis-like experiences, schizotypal traits, and hopelessness. Mediation analysis demonstrated that the negative association between the sense of self and hopelessness is mediated by depressive manifestations. Our research provides a tool to shed new light on the complexity of the sense of self and its mental health implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Plinio
- University G D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Science, Italy.
| | - Simone Arnò
- University G D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Science, Italy
| | - Sjoerd J H Ebisch
- University G D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Science, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mueller-Haugk S, Bidzan-Bluma I, Bidzan-Wiącek M, Bulathwatta DT, Stueck M. Anxiety and coping during COVID-19. Investigation of anxiety management types in a German and Polish sample. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2023; 11:282-294. [PMID: 38178971 PMCID: PMC10762303 DOI: 10.5114/hpr/171884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to assess the differences in anxiety management types between German and Polish samples. The research was conducted in the context of health-related variables and anxiety management types during the period of March to April 2020. The research project was approved by the Ethical Committee at the Institute of Psychology at the University of Gdansk, Poland. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE German Sample: Consisted of 323 subjects with an average age of 46 years. 73% were females, and 26% were males. Polish Sample: Included 100 subjects with an average age of 42 years. 73% were females, and 27% were males. The study collected data on various health-related variables and anxiety management types using specific measurement procedures. RESULTS There were significant differences in the frequency distribution of anxiety management types between the Polish and German samples (p < .001). In the Polish sample, 60% showed negative anxiety management types (Sensitizer, Repressor, Highly anxious), compared to the German sample with 52%. 40% of the Polish and 48% of the German sample showed positive expressions. There were stronger significant differences in both samples regarding health-related variables, with the Polish sample being at a disadvantage. CONCLUSIONS The study provides a comprehensive insight into the anxiety management types between German and Polish samples, revealing distinct differences in their responses. The Polish sample exhibited a higher prevalence of negative anxiety management types compared to the German sample. These disparities can be attributed to a myriad of factors, including historical traumas, transgenerational experiences, and the influence of dominant religions in each country. The findings underscore the importance of considering cultural, historical, and religious contexts when assessing and addressing mental health and coping mechanisms across different populations. Further research with larger samples and diverse groups could offer a more nuanced understanding of these patterns and their underlying causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mueller-Haugk
- International Biocentric Research Academy, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ilona Bidzan-Bluma
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Darshika Thejani Bulathwatta
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Marcus Stueck
- International Biocentric Research Academy, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baek SU, Kim MS, Lim MH, Kim T, Won JU, Yoon JH. Multidimensional employment precariousness mediates the association between low educational attainment and poor subjective well-being: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study in South Korea. Scand J Work Environ Health 2023; 49:506-517. [PMID: 37499113 PMCID: PMC10833203 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper explored how multidimensional employment precariousness (MEP) mediates the relationship between educational attainment and subjective well-being. METHODS A nationwide sample of 46 919 Korean workers participated in surveys between 2017 and 2020. Educational attainment was divided into four categories: elementary school, middle school, high school, and college. Subjective well-being was assessed using the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and MEP was evaluated using a modified version of the Employment Precariousness Scale (ERPES-E), with scores ranging from 0 to 100 and higher scores indicating worse employment precariousness. A counterfactual-based logistic mediation analyses were used to estimation. RESULTS The mean MEP score was 36.0 [standard deviation (SD) 12.1] for college education, 44.3 (SD 11.5) for high school, 49.5 (SD 10.1) for middle school, and 51.1 (SD 10.0) for elementary school. The prevalence of poor subjective well-being was 24.0% for college education, 31.3% for high school, 40.6% for middle school, and 44.8% for elementary school. Odds ratios (OR) for the total effect of education on the poor subjective well-being were 1.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-1.53] for high school, 2.19 (95% CI 1.98-2.24) for middle school, and 2.40 (95% CI 2.04-2.82) for elementary school when compared to college education. The OR for the indirect effect mediated through MEP were 1.27 (95% CI 1.25-1.29) for high school, 1.46 (95% CI 1.42-1.51) for middle school, and 1.53 (95% CI 1.48-1.59) for elementary school, accounting for 63.9%, 48.5%, and 48.6% of the total effect, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that MEP is an important contributor to the disparities in subjective well-being resulting from educational gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Golberstein E, Kronenberg C. Mental health economics-Social determinants and care-use. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2022; 31 Suppl 2:3-5. [PMID: 36114611 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Golberstein
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christoph Kronenberg
- CINCH, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus Ruhr, Essen, Germany
- RWI-Leibniz-Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|