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Song G, Tong J, Wang Y, Li Y, Liao Z, Fan D, Fan X. Nrf2-mediated macrophage function in benign prostatic hyperplasia: Novel molecular insights and implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115566. [PMID: 37778273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common urological diseases is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with a high prevalence in the middle-aged and elderly male population. Patient's mental and physical health is affected significantly by this condition, causing them considerable discomfort. During the development of BPH, a synergistic effect occurs in response to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by the activation of macrophages. The nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway can mediate macrophage activation and inhibit prostate hyperplasia by suppressing pro-inflammatory factors, anti-oxidative stress disorder, and initiating apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to review the mechanism of action of Nrf2 signaling pathway-mediated macrophage activation on the immune microenvironment of BPH and to summarize the Chinese medicine based on Nrf2 to provide an overview of BPH treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhui Song
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, China
| | - Jinlin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zeqi Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Danping Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xinrong Fan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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2
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Zhang P, He J, Gan Y, Shang Q, Chen H, Zhao W, Shen G, Jiang X, Ren H. Plastrum testudinis Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Downregulating the TNF-α Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1482. [PMID: 37895953 PMCID: PMC10610230 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPlastrum testudinis (PT), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, exerts protective effects against bone diseases such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Despite its effectiveness, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PT on IDD remain unclear. Methods In this study, we used a comprehensive strategy combining bioinformatic analysis with experimental verification to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of PT against IDD. We retrieved targets for PT and IDD, and then used their overlapped targets for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. In addition, we used Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to investigate the anti-IDD mechanisms of PT. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiment validations including hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and safranine O-green staining, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay, cell immunofluorescence staining, intracellular ROS measurement and Western blot analysis were performed to verify bioinformatics findings. Results We identified 342 and 872 PT- and IDD-related targets (32 overlapping targets). GO enrichment analysis yielded 450 terms related to oxidative stress and inflammatory response regulation. KEGG analysis identified 48 signaling pathways, 10 of which were significant; the TNF-α signaling pathway had the highest p-value, and prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), endothelin-1 (EDN1), TNF-α, JUN and FOS were enriched in this pathway. Histopathological results and safranin O/green staining demonstrated that PT attenuated IDD, and SA-β-gal assay showed that PT ameliorated nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence. An ROS probe was adopted to confirm the protective effect of PT against oxidative stress. Western blot analyses confirmed that PT downregulated the protein expression of PTGS2, EDN1, TNF-α, JUN and FOS in the TNF-α signaling pathway as well as cellular senescence marker p16, proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL6), while PT upregulated the expression of NPC-specific markers including COL2A1 and ACAN in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report that PT alleviates IDD by downregulating the protein expression of PTGS2, EDN1, TNF-α, JUN and FOS in the TNF-α signaling pathway and upregulating that of COL2A1 and ACAN, thus suppressing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (P.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Jiahui He
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510130, China;
| | - Yanchi Gan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (P.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Qi Shang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (P.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Honglin Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (P.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; (W.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Gengyang Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; (W.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; (W.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; (W.Z.); (G.S.)
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Zhang R, Luo S, Zhao T, Wu M, Huang L, Zhang L, Huang Y, Gao H, Sun X, Gong T, Zhang Z. Scavenger receptor A-mediated nanoparticles target M1 macrophages for acute liver injury. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100813. [PMID: 37274920 PMCID: PMC10238850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) has an elevated fatality rate due to untimely and ineffective treatment. Although, schisandrin B (SchB) has been extensively used to treat diverse liver diseases, its therapeutic efficacy on ALI was limited due to its high hydrophobicity. Palmitic acid-modified serum albumin (PSA) is not only an effective carrier for hydrophobic drugs, but also has a superb targeting effect via scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) on the M1 macrophages, which are potential therapeutic targets for ALI. Compared with the common macrophage-targeted delivery systems, PSA enables site-specific drug delivery to reduce off-target toxicity. Herein, we prepared SchB-PSA nanoparticles and further assessed their therapeutic effect on ALI. In vitro, compared with human serum albumin encapsulated SchB nanoparticles (SchB-HSA NPs), the SchB-PSA NPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated Raw264.7 (LAR) cells, and LAR cells took up PSA NPs 8.79 times more than HSA NPs. As expected, the PSA NPs also accumulated more in the liver. Moreover, SchB-PSA NPs dramatically reduced the activation of NF-κB signaling, and significantly relieved inflammatory response and hepatic necrosis. Notably, the high dose of SchB-PSA NPs improved the survival rate in 72 h of ALI mice to 75%. Hence, SchB-PSA NPs are promising to treat ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiqing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. The Effect of Bioactive Aliment Compounds and Micronutrients on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040903. [PMID: 37107278 PMCID: PMC10136128 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current review, we focused on identifying aliment compounds and micronutrients, as well as addressed promising bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD advance and ultimately affect this disease progress. In this regard, we targeted: 1. Potential bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD, specifically dark chocolate, cocoa butter, and peanut butter which may be involved in decreasing cholesterol concentrations. 2. The role of sweeteners used in coffee and other frequent beverages; in this sense, stevia has proven to be adequate for improving carbohydrate metabolism, liver steatosis, and liver fibrosis. 3. Additional compounds were shown to exert a beneficial action on NAFLD, namely glutathione, soy lecithin, silymarin, Aquamin, and cannabinoids which were shown to lower the serum concentration of triglycerides. 4. The effects of micronutrients, especially vitamins, on NAFLD. Even if most studies demonstrate the beneficial role of vitamins in this pathology, there are exceptions. 5. We provide information regarding the modulation of the activity of some enzymes related to NAFLD and their effect on this disease. We conclude that NAFLD can be prevented or improved by different factors through their involvement in the signaling, genetic, and biochemical pathways that underlie NAFLD. Therefore, exposing this vast knowledge to the public is particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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5
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Kim HH, Shim YR, Choi SE, Falana TE, Yoo JK, Ahn SH, Park M, Seo H, Choi C, Jeong WI. Exosome-Based Delivery of Super-Repressor IκBα Alleviates Alcohol-Associated Liver Injury in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020636. [PMID: 36839957 PMCID: PMC9965399 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) by gut-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instigates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammatory responses in alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD). Here, we utilized a novel optogenetically engineered exosome technology called 'exosomes for protein loading via optically reversible protein-protein interactions (EXPLOR)' to efficiently deliver the super-repressor IκB-loaded exosomes (Exo-srIκB) to the liver and examined its therapeutic potential in acute-on-chronic alcohol-associated liver injury. We detected enhanced uptake of DiI-labeled Exo-srIκB by LPS-treated inflammatory KCs, which suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory gene expression levels. In animal experiments, a single intravenous injection of Exo-srIκB prior to alcohol binge drinking significantly attenuated alcohol-associated hepatic steatosis and infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages but not a liver injury. Notably, three consecutive days of Exo-srIκB injection remarkably reduced alcohol-associated liver injury, steatosis, apoptosis of hepatocytes, fibrosis-related gene expression levels in hepatic stellate cells, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and inflammatory gene expression levels in hepatocytes and KCs. In particular, the above effects occurred with inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-κB in liver tissues, and these beneficial effects of Exo-srIκB on ALD were shown regardless of doses. Our results suggest an exosome-based modulation of NF-κB activity in KCs by Exo-srIκB as a novel and efficient therapeutic approach in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ri Shim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Choi
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tolulope Esther Falana
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Yoo
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Daejeon 34014, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hee Ahn
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Daejeon 34014, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Park
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Daejeon 34014, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyangmi Seo
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Daejeon 34014, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Choi
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Daejeon 34014, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (W.-I.J.); Tel.: +82-42-863-4450 (C.C.); +82-42-450-4239 (W.-I.J.)
| | - Won-Il Jeong
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (W.-I.J.); Tel.: +82-42-863-4450 (C.C.); +82-42-450-4239 (W.-I.J.)
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6
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Crosstalk of TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-kB, STAT1 and redox signaling in lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine/dimethylsulfoxide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:370-381. [PMID: 37026046 PMCID: PMC10071328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The clinical study of fulminant hepatic failure is challenging due to its high mortality and relative rarity, necessitating reliance on pre-clinical models to gain insight into its pathophysiology and develop potential therapies. Methods and Results In our study, the combination of the commonly used solvent dimethyl sulfoxide to the current-day model of lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-caused fulminant hepatic failure was found to cause significantly greater hepatic damage, as indicated by alanine aminotransferase level. The effect was dose-dependent, with the maximum increase in alanine aminotransferase observed following 200 μl/kg dimethyl sulfoxide co-administration. Co-administration of 200 μl/kg dimethyl sulfoxide also remarkably increased histopathological changes induced by lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine. Importantly, alanine aminotransferase levels and survival rate in the 200 μl/kg dimethyl sulfoxide co-administration groups were both greater than those in the classical lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine model. We found that dimethyl sulfoxide co-administration aggravated lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-caused liver damage by stimulating inflammatory signaling, as indicated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels. Further, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and transcription factor activator 1 (STAT1) were upregulated, as was neutrophil recruitment, indicated by myeloperoxidase activity. Hepatocyte apoptosis was also increased, and greater nitro-oxidative stress was noted, as determined based on nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. Conclusion Co-treatment with low doses of dimethyl sulfoxide enhanced the lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-caused hepatic failure in animals, with higher toxicity and greater survival rates. The current findings also highlight the potential danger of using dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent in experiments involving the hepatic immune system, suggesting that the new lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine/dimethyl sulfoxide model described herein could be used for pharmacological screening with the goal to better understand hepatic failure and evaluate treatment approaches.
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Litwinowicz K, Waszczuk E, Kuzan A, Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Naporowski P, Gamian A. Alcoholic Liver Disease Is Associated with Elevated Plasma Levels of Novel Advanced Glycation End-Products: A Preliminary Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245266. [PMID: 36558425 PMCID: PMC9783524 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the biochemical mechanisms associated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) to more advanced stages such as alcoholic hepatitis (AH) remains an important clinical and scientific challenge. Several hypotheses point to the involvement of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in alcohol-associated liver injuries. Recently, we determined the structure of a synthetic, melibiose-derived AGE (MAGE), which was an analog of the novel AGE subgroup AGE10. The primary objective of our study was to determine whether AGE10 was associated with alcoholic hepatitis. The secondary objective was to provide a diagnostic accuracy of AGE10 in AH. To achieve this objective, we examined the plasma levels of AGE10 in 65 healthy individuals and 65 patients with AH. The AGE10 level was measured using a competitive ELISA. Our study confirmed that patients with AH had significantly higher plasma concentrations of AGE10 compared with healthy controls (184.5 ± 71.1 μg/mL and 123.5 ± 44.9 μg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, AGE10 showed an acceptable performance as a diagnostic marker of AH, with an AUC of 0.78. In conclusion, AH was associated with elevated levels of novel advanced glycation end-product AGE10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Litwinowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Waszczuk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Naporowski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
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Cui Y, Ning M, Chen H, Zeng X, Yue Y, Yuan Y, Yue T. Microbial diversity associated with Tibetan kefir grains and its protective effects against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chen H, Li X, Sun Y, Du Y, Wu S, Wu Y, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Yin S. HAO1 negatively regulates liver macrophage activation via the NF-κB pathway in alcohol-associated liver disease. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110436. [PMID: 35953025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a key factor contributing to the progression of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Accumulating data have shown that ethyl alcohol (EtOH) induced liver macrophages activation along with an inflammatory response that contributes to the development of ALD. The liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) has been found to be associated with chronic liver disease. But the role of HAO1 remains unknown in ALD. In our study, HAO1 was found to be decreased in ALD patients and EtOH-fed mice. Interestingly, HAO1 expression was reduced in primary hepatocytes, whereas HAO1 was elevated in peripheral blood monocytes from ALD patients and EtOH-fed mice liver macrophages as well as LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, HAO1 knockdown exacerbated the inflammatory response, while HAO1 overexpression inhibited inflammation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, overexpression or silencing of HAO1 in vitro significantly affected NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, the results revealed a key role of HAO1-mediated macrophage activation and may provide a potential target for treating ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yingyin Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sha Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiping Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qihang Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shi Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Yang T, Ma X, Jiang M, Cheng Z, Datsomor O, Zhao G, Zhan K. The Role of Tea Tree Oil in Alleviating Palmitic Acid-Induced Lipid Accumulation in Bovine Hepatocytes. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:814840. [PMID: 35127885 PMCID: PMC8814581 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.814840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea tree oil (TTO) plays an important role in lipid metabolism, alleviating the inflammatory responses. Fatty liver is associated with lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, leading to inflammation. However, there is very limited information on the effects of TTO on lipid accumulation, and inflammation in bovine hepatocytes. This study aimed to evaluate whether TTO alleviates palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation in bovine hepatocytes. Hepatocytes isolated from mid-lactating Holstein cows were pretreated with 100 μM PA for 72 h. Cells were either pretreated with PA alone (PA group) or with PA followed by 0.00625% TTO treatment for 12 h (PT group). Expression of fatty acid oxidant genes increased (P < 0.05) while fatty acid synthesis genes decreased (P < 0.05) in the PT group compared with the PA group. PA treatment resulted in increased (P < 0.05) expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but these increases were less in the PT group (P < 0.05). Compared to the PA group, expression of phosphorylated (p)-p65 and p-inhibitor κBα (p-IκBα) was suppressed (P < 0.05) by TTO treatment. TTO treatment limited (P < 0.05) the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevented (P < 0.05) a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential observed in response to PA treatment. Expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes was reduced (P < 0.05) in the PT group compared with the PA group. Our results suggest that TTO treatment attenuates the effects of PA in hepatocytes, leading to fatty acid oxidation, decreased fatty acid synthesis, suppressed inflammatory response, and reduced ER stress. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that TTO treatment may be a promising therapeutic approach to imbalanced lipid homeostasis, inflammation and ER stress in dairy cows shortly before and after calving.
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Jarhahzadeh M, Alavinejad P, Farsi F, Husain D, Rezazadeh A. The effect of turmeric on lipid profile, malondialdehyde, liver echogenicity and enzymes among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized double blind clinical trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:112. [PMID: 34663438 PMCID: PMC8524923 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of liver transaminases elevation and a global health concern. PURPOSE This study designed to evaluate the effects of turmeric rhizomes (Curcumalonga Linn.) on liver enzymes, Lipid profiles and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with NAFLD. STUDY DESIGN Randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. METHODS 64 cases of NAFLD randomly assigned to receive either turmeric (2 gr/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. The changes of liver transaminases, lipid profiles and MDA were measured before and after study period and compared between two groups (IRCT 2015092924262N1). RESULTS At the end of the study, the Turmeric group showed a significant reduction in liver enzymes (AST before 26.81 ± 10.54 after 21.19 ± 5.67, P = 0.044, ALT before 39.56 ± 22.41, after 30.51 ± 12.61, P = 0.043 and GGT before33.81 ± 17.50, after 25.62 ± 9.88, P = 0.046) compared with the placebo group. The serum levels of triglycerides, LDL, HDL and MDA had also a significant decrease among turmeric group as compared to baseline while there was no significant change in placebo group (P < 0.05). The serum cholesterol, VLDL level and sonographic grades of NAFLD had not any significant change in both groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion this study suggests that daily consumption of turmeric (and its active phenolic ingredients as curcumin) supplementation could be effective in management of NAFLD and decreasing serum level of liver transaminases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Jarhahzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pezhman Alavinejad
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Azadegan Avenue, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Farsi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Durdana Husain
- Department of Nutrition, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Afshin Rezazadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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12
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Litwinowicz K, Waszczuk E, Gamian A. Advanced Glycation End-Products in Common Non-Infectious Liver Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:3370. [PMID: 34684371 PMCID: PMC8537188 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive intake of fructose, glucose and alcohol is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). At the same time, these dietetic factors create an environment favorable for the generation of advanced glycation end-products. For this reason, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are hypothesized to play role in the development of NAFLD and ALD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we explore the relationship between NAFLD and ALD with AGE levels, including their diagnostic accuracy. METHODS The systematic review and meta-analysis has been pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240954) and was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were performed using the meta R package. RESULTS We have obtained 11 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, reporting data on 1844 participants (909 with NAFLD, 169 with ALD and 766 healthy controls). NAFLD was associated with significantly higher AGE fluorescence and serum N-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) levels. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis had significantly higher levels of N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). Only individual studies examined AGEs in the context of their diagnostic accuracy. AGE fluorescence distinguished low and moderate steatosis with an AUC of 0.76. The ratio of CML, CEL and pentosidine to a soluble variant of the AGE receptor differentiated patients with NAFLD from healthy controls with high AUC (0.83-0.85). Glyceraldehyde-derived AGE separated non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with acceptable performance (AUC 0.78). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, NAFLD and ALD are associated with significantly higher levels of several AGEs. More research is needed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of AGEs, however individual studies show that AGEs perform well in distinguishing NAFL from NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Litwinowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Waszczuk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
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13
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Malyar RM, Naseri E, Li H, Ali I, Farid RA, Liu D, Maroof K, Nasim M, Banuree SAH, Huang K, Waldron KJ, Chen X. Hepatoprotective Effects of Selenium-Enriched Probiotics Supplementation on Heat-Stressed Wistar Rat Through Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3445-3456. [PMID: 33161525 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of selenium-enriched probiotics on the liver of heat-stressed Wistar rats. Ten-week-old male rats were assigned to four groups: control (Con); high temperature (HT); high temperature plus probiotics (HT + P: 1011 CFU/mL Lactobacillus acidophilus and 109 CFU/mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae); or high temperature plus selenium-enriched probiotics (HT + SeP: 0.3 mg/kg Se, 1011 CFU/mL L. acidophilus and 109 CFU/mL S. cerevisiae). The HT, HT + P, and HT + SeP groups were maintained at higher ambient temperature (40-42 °C), while the control group was kept at room temperature (25 °C). After 42 days of thermal exposure, blood and liver tissues were collected and analyzed for morphological and molecular markers of liver physiology. The body weight of rats in the HT group decreased but liver weight and live index were increased. Histological examination showed dilation of liver sinusoids and congestion of interstitial veins in HT group. Moreover, the histomorphology of the liver in HT + P and HT + SeP groups was restored, and the serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and hepatic MDA level decreased significantly, but the serum total protein level and the liver SOD, T-AOC, and GSH-PX activities were increased significantly relative to the HT group. In addition, the mRNA level of Gpx1, SOD1, Nrf2, and Bcl-2 was significantly increased, while the expression level of Bax, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, NF-κB, α-SMA, TGFβ1, Collagen I, HSP70, and HSP90 was significantly decreased in liver tissues after SeP supplementation. We concluded that SeP can protect Wistar rats from oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver fibrosis induced by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmani Mohammad Malyar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
| | - Emal Naseri
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ilyas Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rawan Ahmad Farid
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Khushdil Maroof
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
| | - Maazullah Nasim
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | | | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kevin J Waldron
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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14
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Sanhueza S, Tobar N, Cifuentes M, Quenti D, Varì R, Scazzocchio B, Masella R, Herrera K, Paredes A, Morales G, Ormazabal P. Lampaya Medicinalis Phil. decreases lipid-induced triglyceride accumulation and proinflammatory markers in human hepatocytes and fat body of Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1464-1475. [PMID: 33895783 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation (steatosis) commonly observed in obesity, may lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Altered regulation of intracellular lipid droplets (LD) and TG metabolism, as well as activation of JNK-mediated proinflammatory pathways may trigger liver steatosis-related disorders. Drosophila melanogaster is an animal model used for studying obesity and its associated disorders. In Drosophila, lipids and glycogen are stored in the fat body (FB), which resembles mammalian adipose tissue and liver. Dietary oversupply leads to obesity-related disorders, which are characterized by FB dysfunction. Infusions of Lampaya medicinalis Phil. (Verbenaceae) are used in folk medicine of Chile to counteract inflammatory diseases. Hydroethanolic extract of lampaya (HEL) contains considerable amounts of flavonoids that may explain its anti-inflammatory effect. METHODS We studied whether HEL affects palmitic acid (PA, C16:0) and oleic acid (OA; C18:1)-induced TG accumulation and proinflammatory marker content in HepG2 hepatocytes as well as impaired lipid storage and proinflammatory molecule expression in Drosophila melanogaster fed a high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS In HepG2 hepatocytes, exposure to OA/PA elevated TG content, FABP4, ATGL and DGAT2 expression, and the JNK proinflammatory pathway, as well as TNF-α and IL-6 production, while diminished FAS expression. These effects were prevented by HEL co-treatment. In Drosophila larvae fed a HFD, HEL prevented TG accumulation and downregulated proinflammatory JNK pathway activation. CONCLUSION HEL effect counteracting OA/PA- and HFD-induced lipid accumulation and proinflammatory marker expression in HepG2 hepatocytes and Drosophila larvae may represent a preventive approach against hepatic steatosis and inflammation, associated to obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Sanhueza
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 611, 2820000, Rancagua, Chile.,Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism in Geriatrics and Adults (OMEGA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Tobar
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism in Geriatrics and Adults (OMEGA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Quenti
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosaria Varì
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Scazzocchio
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Masella
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Karin Herrera
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 611, 2820000, Rancagua, Chile.,Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism in Geriatrics and Adults (OMEGA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA) and Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, 1240000, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Glauco Morales
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta (IA) and Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, 1240000, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Paulina Ormazabal
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 611, 2820000, Rancagua, Chile. .,Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism in Geriatrics and Adults (OMEGA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Av. El Líbano 5524, 7830490, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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15
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Zhao L, Chen F, Zhang Y, Yue L, Guo H, Ye G, Shi F, Lv C, Jing B, Tang H, Yin Z, Fu H, Lin J, Li Y, Wang X. Involvement of P450s and nuclear receptors in the hepatoprotective effect of quercetin on liver injury by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:211-220. [PMID: 32253952 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1742154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Quercetin (Que), a flavonoid, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It has been shown to protect against liver injury induced by various factors. This study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanism of its protective effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced liver damage.Methods: Mice were pretreated with Que for 7 consecutive days and then exposed to LPS. To study the hepatoprotective effect of Que, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory cytokine levels in liver and serum liver function indexes were examined. Protein and mRNA expression of nuclear orphan receptors and cytochrome P450 enzymes were measured by Western Blotting and qPCR, respectively.Results: Que significantly reduced circulating ALT, AST, ALP, and ameliorated LPS-induced histological alterations. In addition, Que obviously decreased markers of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, Que carried out the hepatoprotective effect via regulation of the expression of nuclear orphan receptors (CAR, PXR) and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2D22, CYP3A11).Conclusions: Our findings suggested that Que pretreatment could ameliorate LPS-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuanli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yue
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Ye
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Fei Shi
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jing
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jvchun Lin
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yinglun Li
- Institute of Animal Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xun Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Shukla I, Azmi L, Rao CV, Jawaid T, Kamal M, Awaad AS, Alqasoumi SI, Alkhamees OA, Alsanad SM. Hepatoprotective activity of depsidone enriched Cladonia rangiferina extract against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity targeting cytochrome P450 2E1 induced oxidative damage. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:519-527. [PMID: 32273813 PMCID: PMC7132611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a broad-spectrum disorder, covering fatty liver, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis and in extreme untreated condition hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may also develop. Cladonia rangiferina (CR) is a class of lichen having a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity. It is used like traditional natural sources in ancient times in India, China, Sri Lanka, etc. Folkloric record about CR has reported their use as an antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, etc. Hence, the present study was requested to ascertain the effect of the ethanolic extract of Cladonia rangiferina (CRE) on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. The animals were evaluated for the estimation of the liver in vivo biochemical antioxidant parameters. The liver tissues were further evaluated histopathologically and western blotting examination for localization of apoptotic gene expression that plays a pivotal role in hepatotoxicity. The results of this study reveal that CRE proves to be helpful in the treatment of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. Results of different markers have shown that among all, CRE has demonstrated the best hepatoprotective activity. These observations say about the importance of the components of the extract. The ameliorative action of CRE in alcoholic liver damage may exist due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Key Words
- ALD, Alcoholic liver disease
- Apoptosis
- CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose
- CR, Cladonia rangiferina
- CRE, Cladonia rangiferina extract
- CTRL, Control
- Cladonia rangiferina
- DAB, 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride
- GGT, γ- glutamyl transferase
- GSH, Glutathione
- Hepatotoxicity
- Inflammation
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- RT-PCR, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
- WHO, World Health organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lubna Azmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Ch V Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box No. 173, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Gateway to United Kingdom Education Ltd., Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Alkhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud M Alsanad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
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PTP1B promotes macrophage activation by regulating the NF-κB pathway in alcoholic liver injury. Toxicol Lett 2020; 319:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Qamar H, Waqas M, Li A, Iqbal M, Mehmood K, Li J. Plastrum Testudinis Extract Mitigates Thiram Toxicity in Broilers via Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120784. [PMID: 31779199 PMCID: PMC6995622 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) negatively affects broilers all over the world, in which the accretion of the growth plate (GP) develops into tibial proximal metaphysis. Plastrum testudinis extract (PTE) is renowned as a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bone healing agent. The current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PTE for the treatment of thiram-induced TD chickens. Broilers (day old; n = 300) were raised for 3 days with normal feed. On the 4th day, three groups (n = 100 each) were sorted, namely, the control (normal diet), TD, and PTE groups (normal diet+ thiram 50 mg/kg). On the 7th day, thiram was stopped in the TD and PTE group, and the PTE group received a normal diet and PTE (30 mg/kg/day). Plastrum testudinis extract significantly restored (p < 0.05) the liver antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, serum biochemicals, GP width, and tibia weight as compared to the TD group. The PTE administration significantly increased (p < 0.05) growth performance, vascularization, AKT (serine/threonine-protein kinase), and PI3K expressions and the number of hepatocytes and chondrocytes with intact nuclei were enhanced. In conclusion, PTE has the potential to heal TD lesions and act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug in chickens exposed to thiram via the upregulation of AKT and PI3K expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Q.); (M.W.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-87286251
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Zhang D, Tang J, Zhang J, Zhang DL, Hu CX. Responses of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish liver exposed to sublethal doses of Aphanizomenon flosaquae DC-1 aphantoxins. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 215:105269. [PMID: 31408752 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of the dominant cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flosaquae are frequently encountered in natural waters, and their secretion of neurotoxic paralytic shellfish toxins called aphantoxins threatens environmental safety and human health worldwide. The liver is the primary detoxification organ in animals, and its pro- and anti-inflammatory responses are important functions in the detoxification of toxins. Therefore, we investigated the response of these inflammatory factors to aphantoxins in the liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio). A. flosaquae DC-1 was sampled during blooms in Dianchi Lake, China and cultured, and the toxin was extracted and analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. The primary constituents were gonyautoxins 1 (34.04%) and 5 (21.28%) and neosaxitoxin (12.77%). Zebrafish were injected intraperitoneally with 5.3 μg (low dose) or 7.61 μg (high dose) of saxitoxin equivalents [equivalents (eq.)]/kg body weight of A. flosaquae DC-1 aphantoxins. Hyperemia, the hepatosomatic index (HSI), and physiological and molecular responses of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the zebrafish liver were investigated at different time points 1-24 h post-exposure. Aphantoxins significantly enhanced hepatic hyperemia and altered the HSI 3-24 h post-exposure, suggesting that inflammation caused morphological changes. Subsequent investigations using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8 and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor β were higher in the liver of zebrafish exposed to aphantoxins, which indicated physiological inflammatory responses. Further analysis by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated upregulated mRNA expression of these cytokines, suggesting molecular inflammatory responses in the zebrafish liver. These changes showed dose- and time-dependent patterns. These results indicated that aphantoxins induced hyperemia and altered the HSI, and subsequently increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 to induce physiological inflammatory responses. These changes activated the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β to suppress inflammatory damage. The induced changes were the result of upregulated mRNA expression of these inflammatory cytokines caused by aphantoxins. Aphantoxins resulted in hepatic immunotoxicity and response by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Zebrafish liver in turn suppressed the inflammatory damage by upregulating the activities of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the future, these pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the zebrafish liver may be prove to be useful biomarkers of aphantoxins and blooms in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, 430040, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - De Lu Zhang
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Chun Xiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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20
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Li Y, Shi B, Dong F, Zhu X, Liu B, Liu Y. Effects of inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and STAT3/NF-κB- and Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress on benign prostatic hyperplasia induced by a high-fat diet. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5570-5578. [PMID: 31412319 PMCID: PMC6710068 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study determined whether or not benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) is involved in inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)- and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated oxidative stress pathways. Forty rats were divided into four groups: control; HFD; testosterone; and HFD+testosterone. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to assess histologic changes. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis were used to detect levels of related proteins. Compared with the control group, the prostate levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were significantly increased, while the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were decreased. The TNF-κB, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 levels were increased, while the Bax level was markedly decreased. The cytoplasmic expression of STAT3 and NF-κB was increased, while the nuclear expression of Nrf2 was markedly decreased compared with the control group. In summary, our results demonstrated that a long-term HFD might cause changes in inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, thus contributing to prostatic hyperplasia. The underlying mechanisms might be related to the STAT3/NF-κB- and Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Li
- Department of urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | - Benkang Shi
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong
| | - Fengming Dong
- Department of urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- Department of urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | - Yili Liu
- Department of urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
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Qiao JY, Li HW, Liu FG, Li YC, Tian S, Cao LH, Hu K, Wu XX, Miao MS. Effects of Portulaca Oleracea Extract on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury of Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162887. [PMID: 31398934 PMCID: PMC6720614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was envisaged to investigate the chemical constituents and the intervention effects of Portulaca oleracea extract (POE) on acute alcoholic liver injury of rats. The chemical composition of POE was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal control (NC) group, acute alcoholic liver injury model group (ALI), low, medium and high dose of POE (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) groups and bifendate (BF, 3.75 mg/kg) group. Each group was given by intragastrical administration for 7 days. Alcoholic liver injury was induced in the experimental model by administering 50% ethanol at 8 mL/kg and repeated administration after 6 h, for a period of 7 days. The results showed that pretreatment with POE significantly reduced the ethanol-elevated serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and triglyceride (TG). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in liver were enhanced followed by administration of POE, while the content of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was found to decrease. Hepatic content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also reduced by POE treatment. These results indicated that POE could increase the antioxidant capacity and relieve the inflammatory injury of the liver cells induced by ethanol. Meanwhile, in our study, POE reduced the expression of miR-122, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) 1 mRNA and protein and increased the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA and protein in liver, which indicated that POE could improve the lipid metabolism disorder induced by ethanol. Our findings suggested that POE had protective effects on acute alcoholic liver injury of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Qiao
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Han-Wei Li
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Fu-Gang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Li
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Wu
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ming-San Miao
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
- Graduate School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Li X, Ji R, Cui K, Chen Q, Chen Q, Fang W, Mai K, Zhang Y, Xu W, Ai Q. High percentage of dietary palm oil suppressed growth and antioxidant capacity and induced the inflammation by activation of TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:600-608. [PMID: 30738147 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fish oil (FO) replaced by palm oil (PO) on growth, biochemical and antioxidant response as well as inflammatory response in the liver of large yellow croaker (initial weight 15.87 ± 0.14 g). Four iso-proteic and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated with 0% (the control group), 33.3%, 66.7% and 100% FO replaced by PO. Fish fed the diet with 100% PO showed significantly lower growth performance than the control group. As expected, the contents of C16:0, C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 were increased with increasing dietary PO levels. There were remarkable increases in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in fish fed the diet with 100% PO compared to the control group. Moreover, dietary PO significantly increased activities of plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in fish fed the diet with 100% PO compared to the control group. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the activity of catalase (CAT) in plasma were significantly decreased in fish fed the diet with 100% PO compared to the control group, and meanwhile no significant differences were found in T-AOC and CAT activity in fish fed diets with no more than 66.7% PO. Fish fed the diet with 100% PO exerted significantly higher toll like receptors (TLRs) and myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88) mRNA expression levels than the control group. The IFNγ, IL-1β and TNFα mRNA expressions were increased with increasing dietary PO levels. The increase of pro-inflammatory gene expression may be due to the activation of NF-κB signaling as the ratio of nucleus p65 to total p65 protein was elevated with the increase of dietary PO levels. These results showed that relatively higher PO levels in diets suppressed the growth and antioxidant capacity as well as induced the inflammatory response by activating TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway in juvenile large yellow croaker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Renlei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuchi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Patel SS, Acharya A, Ray RS, Agrawal R, Raghuwanshi R, Jain P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:887-939. [PMID: 30632782 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1552244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound present in rhizome of Curcuma longa belonging to the family zingiberaceae. Growing experimental evidence revealed that curcumin exhibit multitarget biological implications signifying its crucial role in health and disease. The current review highlights the recent progress and mechanisms underlying the wide range of pharmacological effects of curcumin against numerous diseases like neuronal, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney, endocrine, skin, respiratory, infectious, gastrointestinal diseases and cancer. The ability of curcumin to modulate the functions of multiple signal transductions are linked with attenuation of acute and chronic diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have revealed that curcumin modulates several molecules in cell signal transduction pathway including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, ERK5, AP-1, TGF-β, Wnt, β-catenin, Shh, PAK1, Rac1, STAT3, PPARγ, EBPα, NLRP3 inflammasome, p38MAPK, Nrf2, Notch-1, AMPK, TLR-4 and MyD-88. Curcumin has a potential to prevent and/or manage various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties with an excellent safety profile. In contrast, the anti-cancer effects of curcumin are reflected due to induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in various premalignant and malignant cells. This review also carefully emphasized the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its interaction with other drugs. Clinical studies have shown that curcumin is safe at the doses of 12 g/day but exhibits poor systemic bioavailability. The use of adjuvant like piperine, liposomal curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin phospholipid complex has shown enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Further studies are warranted to prove the potential of curcumin against various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - R S Ray
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritesh Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Priyal Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
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Ford SM, Simon Peter L, Berner P, Cook G, Vande Stouwe C, Dufour J, Bagby G, Nelson S, Molina PE. Differential contribution of chronic binge alcohol and antiretroviral therapy to metabolic dysregulation in SIV-infected male macaques. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E892-E903. [PMID: 30040479 PMCID: PMC6293168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00175.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is higher among people living with HIV (PLWH). The advent and continued development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced mortality, shifting the course of HIV infection to a chronic illness. However, this is associated with an increased incidence of comorbid conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular complications. Using a nonhuman primate model of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, previous studies have demonstrated that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration decreases whole body insulin responsiveness, irrespective of ART administration. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of CBA and ART on insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues before the development of overt clinical symptoms of SIV disease. Our results show that CBA reduced omental adipocyte cell size, increased collagen expression, and decreased the in vitro differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells. In contrast, it did not alter skeletal muscle or omental or hepatic expression of insulin signaling proteins. However, ART significantly decreased skeletal muscle expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, total mechanistic target of rapamycin, and ribosomal protein S6. In addition, ART increased hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α and increased gene expression of key enzymes required for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis. These findings suggest that CBA and ART differentially promote adverse metabolic effects in an organ-specific manner that may underlie insulin resistance associated with alcohol, SIV, and ART. Whether this is translated in PLWH with AUD remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Ford
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon Peter
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Paul Berner
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Garth Cook
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Curtis Vande Stouwe
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jason Dufour
- Divison of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center , Covington, Louisiana
| | - Gregory Bagby
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Steve Nelson
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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25
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Niu GC, Liu L, Zheng L, Zhang H, Shih DQ, Zhang X. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves chronic colitis-associated complications through inhibiting the activity of toll-like receptor-4 in mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:127. [PMID: 30103680 PMCID: PMC6090774 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A variety of extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs), including hepatobiliary complications, are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to play a potential role in the therapy of IBD. This study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of MSCs on chronic colitis-associated hepatobiliary complications using mouse chronic colitis models induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Methods DSS-induced mouse chronic colitis models were established and treated with MSCs. Severity of colitis was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI), body weight (BW), colon length and histopathology. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels were detected by limulus amebocyte lysate test (LAL-test). Histology and liver function of the mice were checked correspondingly. Serum LPS levels and bacterial translocation of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were detected. Pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), Toll receptor 4 (TLR4), TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were detected by immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis and real-time PCR, respectively. Results The DSS-induced chronic colitis model was characterized by reduced BW, high DAI, worsened histologic inflammation, and high levels of LPS and E. coli. Liver histopathological lesions, impaired liver function, enhanced proteins and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17A, TLR4, TRAF6 and NF-κB were observed after DSS administration. MSCs transplantation markedly ameliorated the pathology of colon and liver by reduction of LPS levels and proteins and mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17A, TLR4, TRAF6 and NF-κB. Conclusions MSCs can improve chronic colitis-associated hepatobiliary complications, probably by inhibition of enterogenous endotoxemia and hepatic inflammation through LPS/TLR4 pathway. MSCs may represent a novel therapeutic approach for chronic colitis-associated hepatobiliary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chao Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.80 Huanghe Avenue, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.80 Huanghe Avenue, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.80 Huanghe Avenue, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.80 Huanghe Avenue, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - David Q Shih
- F. Widjaja Foundation, Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.80 Huanghe Avenue, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, People's Republic of China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China. .,Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Erekat N, Al-Jarrah A, Shotar A, Al-Hourani Z. Hepatic Upregulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Following Methyl Methacrylate Administration in the Rat. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.889.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Morel KL, Ormsby RJ, Solly EL, Tran LNK, Sweeney CJ, Klebe S, Cordes N, Sykes PJ. Chronic low dose ethanol induces an aggressive metastatic phenotype in TRAMP mice, which is counteracted by parthenolide. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:649-661. [PMID: 29936575 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in prostate cancer therapy, dissemination and growth of metastases results in shortened survival. Here we examined the potential anti-cancer effect of the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide (PTL) and its water soluble analogue dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) on tumour progression and metastasis in the TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model of prostate cancer. Six-week-old male TRAMP mice received PTL (40 mg/kg in 10% ethanol/saline), DMAPT (100 mg/kg in sterile water), or vehicle controls by oral gavage thrice weekly until palpable tumour formation. DMAPT treatment slowed normal tumour development in TRAMP mice, extending the time-to-palpable prostate tumour by 20%. PTL did not slow overall tumour development, while the ethanol/saline vehicle used to administer PTL unexpectedly induced an aggressive metastatic tumour phenotype. Chronic ethanol/saline vehicle upregulated expression of NF-κB, MMP2, integrin β1, collagen IV, and laminin, and induced vascular basement membrane degradation in primary prostate tumours, as well as increased metastatic spread to the lung and liver. All of these changes were largely prevented by co-administration with PTL. DMAPT (in water) reduced metastasis to below that of water-control. These data suggest that DMAPT has the potential to be used as a cancer preventive and anti-metastatic therapy for prostate cancer. Although low levels of ethanol consumption have not been shown to strongly correlate with prostate cancer epidemiology, these results would support a potential effect of chronic low dose ethanol on metastasis and the TRAMP model provides a useful system in which to further explore the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Morel
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Rebecca J Ormsby
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma L Solly
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Linh N K Tran
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University and SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pamela J Sykes
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Byun JH, Kim J, Choung SY. Hepaprotective Effect of Standardized Ecklonia stolonifera Formulation on CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:218-223. [PMID: 29129047 PMCID: PMC5839501 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is an essential organ for the detoxification of exogenous xenobiotics, drugs and toxic substances. The incidence rate of non-alcoholic liver injury increases due to dietary habit change and drug use increase. Our previous study demonstrated that Ecklonia stolonifera (ES) formulation has hepatoprotective effect against alcohol-induced liver injury in rat and tacrine-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells. This present study was designated to elucidate hepatoprotective effects of ES formulation against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Sprague Dawley rat. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups. The rats were treated orally with ES formulation and silymarin (served as positive control, only 100 mg/kg/day) at a dose of 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Seven days after treatment, liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (1.5 ml/kg, twice a week for 14 days). The administration of CCl4 exhibited significant elevation of hepatic enzymes (like AST and ALT), and decrease of antioxidant related enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) and glutathione. Then, it leaded to DNA damages (8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde). Administration of ES formulation inhibited imbalance of above factors compared to CCl4 induced rat in a dose dependent manner. Real time PCR analysis indicates that CYP2E1 was upregulated in CCl4 induced rat. However, increased gene expression was compromised by ES formulation treatment. These findings suggests that ES formulation could protect hepatotoxicity caused by CCl4 via two pathways: elevation of antioxidant enzymes and normalization of CYP2E1 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Byun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Wang F, Zhou RJ, Zhao X, Ye H, Xie ML. Apigenin inhibits ethanol-induced oxidative stress and LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production in cultured rat hepatocytes. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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30
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Hamid M, Liu D, Abdulrahim Y, Liu Y, Qian G, Khan A, Gan F, Huang K. Amelioration of CCl4-induced liver injury in rats by selenizing Astragalus polysaccharides: Role of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and hepatic stellate cells. Res Vet Sci 2017; 114:202-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang F, Liu JC, Zhou RJ, Zhao X, Liu M, Ye H, Xie ML. Apigenin protects against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice by regulating hepatic CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress and PPARα-mediated lipogenic gene expression. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 275:171-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li HD, Chen X, Yang Y, Huang HM, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang L, Huang C, Meng XM, Li J. Wogonin attenuates inflammation by activating PPAR-γ in alcoholic liver disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Shafaghati L, Razaghi-Moghadam Z, Mohammadnejad J. A Systems Biology Approach to Understanding Alcoholic Liver Disease Molecular Mechanism: The Development of Static and Dynamic Models. Bull Math Biol 2017; 79:2450-2473. [PMID: 28849551 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-017-0336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex disease characterized by damages to the liver and is the consequence of excessive alcohol consumption over years. Since this disease is associated with several pathway failures, pathway reconstruction and network analysis are likely to explicit the molecular basis of the disease. To this aim, in this paper, a network medicine approach was employed to integrate interactome (protein-protein interaction and signaling pathways) and transcriptome data to reconstruct both a static network of ALD and a dynamic model for it. Several data sources were exploited to assemble a set of ALD-associated genes which further was used for network reconstruction. Moreover, a comprehensive literature mining reveals that there are four signaling pathways with crosstalk (TLR4, NF- [Formula: see text]B, MAPK and Apoptosis) which play a major role in ALD. These four pathways were exploited to reconstruct a dynamic model of ALD. The results assure that these two models are consistent with a number of experimental observations. The static network of ALD and its dynamic model are the first models provided for ALD which offer potentially valuable information for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Shafaghati
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Javad Mohammadnejad
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Hepatic Immune Microenvironment in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Liver Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:6862439. [PMID: 28852648 PMCID: PMC5567444 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6862439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Many types of innate (natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, and Kupffer cells/macrophages) and adaptive (T cells and B cells) immune cells are enriched within the liver and function in liver physiology and pathology. Liver pathology is generally induced by two types of immunologic insults: failure to eliminate antigens derived from the gastrointestinal tract which are important for host defense and an impaired tissue protective tolerance mechanism that helps reduce the negative outcomes of immunopathology. Accumulating evidence from the last several decades suggests that hepatic immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver injury and inflammation in humans and mice. Here, we focus on the roles of innate and adaptive immune cells in the development and maintenance of alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Additionally, the pathogenesis of liver disease and new therapeutic targets for preventing and treating alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are discussed.
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Bozukluhan K, Merhan O, Gokce HI, Deveci HA, Gokce G, Ogun M, Marasli S. Alterations in lipid profile in neonatal calves affected by diarrhea. Vet World 2017; 10:786-789. [PMID: 28831223 PMCID: PMC5553148 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.786-789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the alterations in the lipid profile, plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, total and direct bilirubin levels of neonatal calves with diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 calves with diarrhea as experimental group and 10 healthy calves as control group, 1-30 days old, were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein in tubes with anticoagulant agent to evaluate the concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), ALP, total and direct bilirubin. Very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were calculated according to the Friedewald formula. RESULTS Significant increases in the plasma levels of ALP (p<0.05), total and direct bilirubin, triglycerides, and VLDL-C (p<0.01) were determined, whereas significant decreases in the levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C (p<0.01) were observed in neonatal calves with diarrhea. CONCLUSION According to the findings of this study, liver functions impaired and, therefore, lipid profile is affected negatively in neonatal calves with diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bozukluhan
- Kars School of Higher Vocational Education, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
| | - O Merhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
| | - H I Gokce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey
| | - H A Deveci
- Islahiye School of Higher Vocational Education, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - G Gokce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
| | - M Ogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
| | - S Marasli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey
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Qi B, Zhang S, Guo D, Guo S, Jiang X, Zhu X. Protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on carbon tetrachloride‑induced acute liver injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2814-2822. [PMID: 28677756 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a common pathological state in various types of liver disease; severe or persistent liver damage is the basis of hepatic failure. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the primary active ingredients of ginseng, has been reported to reduce concanalin A‑induced hepatitis and protect against lipopolysaccharide‑ and galactosamine‑induced liver injury. However, the underlying protective mechanism of Rg1 in acute liver injury remains unclear. In the present study, a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‑induced acute liver injury model was established, and the protective effect of Rg1 on CCl4‑induced acute liver injury was demonstrated in cell culture and animal experimental systems. Further investigation of the mechanisms demonstrated that pretreatment with Rg1 reduced elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, enhanced the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Experiments in vitro demonstrated that Rg1 decreased p65 expression and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activity. In addition to the effect of Rg1, an NF‑κB inhibitor promoted cell survival, enhanced SOD activity and reduced MDA level. It was observed through in vivo experiments that pretreatment with Rg1 inhibited NF‑κB expression and activity in Kupffer cells and reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑6. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that pretreatment with Rg1 may rescue CCl4‑induced acute liver injury in vivo and in vitro through inhibition of NF‑κB activity, to restore the anti‑oxidative defense system and down‑regulate pro‑inflammatory signaling pathways. The present observations provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Rg1 therapy in acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Daohua Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Sanxing Guo
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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Mohib M, Afnan K, Paran TZ, Khan S, Sarker J, Hasan N, Hasan I, Sagor AT. Beneficial Role of Citrus Fruit Polyphenols Against Hepatic Dysfunctions: A Review. J Diet Suppl 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1330301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohabbulla Mohib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kazi Afnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tasfiq Zaman Paran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salma Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Juthika Sarker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nahid Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Istiaque Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Parira T, Laverde A, Agudelo M. Epigenetic Interactions between Alcohol and Cannabinergic Effects: Focus on Histone Modification and DNA Methylation. JOURNAL OF ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG DEPENDENCE 2017; 5:259. [PMID: 28730160 PMCID: PMC5515243 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6488.1000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic studies have led to a more profound understanding of the mechanisms involved in chronic conditions. In the case of alcohol addiction, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 16 million adults suffer from Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs). Even though therapeutic interventions like behavioral therapy and medications to prevent relapse are currently available, no robust cure exists, which stems from the lack of understanding the mechanisms of action of alcohol and the lack of development of precision medicine approaches to treat AUDs. Another common group of addictive substance, cannabinoids, have been studied extensively to reveal they work through cannabinoid receptors. Therapeutic applications have been found for the cannabinoids and a deeper understanding of the endocannabinoid system has been gained over the years. Recent reports of cannabinergic mechanisms in AUDs has opened an exciting realm of research that seeks to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of alcohol-induced end organ diseases and hopefully provide insight into new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AUDs. To date, several epigenetic mechanisms have been associated with alcohol and cannabinoids independently. Therefore, the scope of this review is to compile the most recent literature regarding alcohol and cannabinoids in terms of a possible epigenetic connection between the endocannabinoid system and alcohol effects. First, we will provide an overview of epigenetics, followed by an overview of alcohol and epigenetic mechanisms with an emphasis on histone modifications and DNA methylations. Then, we will provide an overview of cannabinoids and epigenetic mechanisms. Lastly, we will discuss evidence of interactions between alcohol and cannabinergic pathways and possible insights into the novel epigenetic mechanisms underlying alcohol-cannabinergic pathway activity. Finalizing the review will be a discussion of future directions and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiyash Parira
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, FL 33199, USA
| | - Alejandra Laverde
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, FL 33199, USA
| | - Marisela Agudelo
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, FL 33199, USA
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Chen D, Zhang F, Ren H, Luo J, Wang S. Role of cytokines and chemokines in alcohol-induced tumor promotion. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1665-1671. [PMID: 28360527 PMCID: PMC5364014 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s129781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive chronic alcohol consumption has become a worldwide health problem. The oncogenic effect of chronic alcohol consumption is one of the leading concerns. The mechanisms of alcohol-induced tumorigenesis and tumor progression are largely unknown, although many factors have been implicated in the process. This review discusses the recent progress in this research area with concentration on alcohol-induced dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines. Based on the available evidence, we propose that alcohol promotes tumor progression by the dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine system. In addition, we discuss specific transcription factors and signaling pathways that are involved in the action of these cytokines/chemokines and the oncogenic effect of alcohol. This review provides novel insight into the mechanisms of alcohol-induced tumor promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Siying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Zeng T, Zhang CL, Xiao M, Yang R, Xie KQ. Critical Roles of Kupffer Cells in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease: From Basic Science to Clinical Trials. Front Immunol 2016; 7:538. [PMID: 27965666 PMCID: PMC5126119 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of liver injury ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and finally cirrhosis. Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that Kupffer cells (KCs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both chronic and acute ALD. It has become clear that alcohol exposure can result in increased hepatic translocation of gut-sourced endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide, which is a strong M1 polarization inducer of KCs. The activated KCs then produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, which finally lead to liver injury. The critical roles of KCs and related inflammatory cascade in the pathogenesis of ALD make it a promising target in pharmaceutical drug developments for ALD treatment. Several drugs (such as rifaximin, pentoxifylline, and infliximab) have been evaluated or are under evaluation for ALD treatment in randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, screening pharmacological regulators for KCs toward M2 polarization may provide additional therapeutic agents. The combination of these potentially therapeutic drugs with hepatoprotective agents (such as zinc, melatonin, and silymarin) may bring encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Cui-Li Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Mo Xiao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Ke-Qin Xie
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
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Al-Rasheed N, Faddah L, Al-Rasheed N, Bassiouni YA, Hasan IH, Mahmoud AM, Mohamad RA, Yacoub HI. Protective Effects of Silymarin, Alone or in Combination with Chlorogenic Acid and/or Melatonin, Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S337-45. [PMID: 27563222 PMCID: PMC4971954 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.185765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin (SIL), alone and combined with chlorogenic acid (CA) and/or melatonin (ME), using a rat model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatotoxicity was induced by a single dose of CCl4 (1 ml/kg, IP). One day after, rats were received SIL (200 mg/kg) alone or in combination with CA (60 mg/kg) and/or ME (20 mg/kg) for 21 days. RESULTS SIL significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase, inflammatory cytokines, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Histological alterations, fibrogenesis, oxidative DNA damage, inflammatory mediators, and caspase-3 activity were significantly attenuated in SIL treated CCl4-intoxicated rats. On the other hand, cytochrome P450 2E1 activity showed a significant decrease in the liver of CCl4-intoxicated rats, an effect that was reversed following treatment with SIL. All beneficial effects of SIL were markedly potentiated when combined with CA and/or ME. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that SIL, alone and combined with CA and/or ME, protected the liver against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity via attenuating inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, apoptosis, and fibrotic changes. The significantly intensified hepatoprotective effects of SIL when combined with both CA and ME suggest a possible synergism. These synergistic effects need to be further confirmed using detailed studies. SUMMARY Silymarin, chlorogenic acid and melatonin possess in vivo hepatoprotective activitySilymarin, chlorogenic acid and melatonin attenuate fibrogenesis, oxidative DNA damage, inflammation and apoptosisChlorogenic acid and melatonin enhance the hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. Abbreviations used: SIL: silymarin, CA: chlorogenic acid, ME: melatonin, CCl4: carbon tetrachloride, CYP2E1, cytochrome P450 2E1, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, IL-6: interleukin 6, IFN-γ: interferon gamma, VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha, CRP: C-reactive protein, 8-OxodG: 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, TGF-B1: transforming growth factor beta 1, HSCs: hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Faddah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yieldez A Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iman H Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Raeesa A Mohamad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazar I Yacoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cai X, Bao L, Wang N, Ren J, Chen Q, Xu M, Li D, Mao R, Li Y. Dietary nucleotides protect against alcoholic liver injury by attenuating inflammation and regulating gut microbiota in rats. Food Funct 2016; 7:2898-908. [PMID: 27247978 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01580d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotides have been reported to be effective in attenuating liver damage and regulating gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of nucleotides against alcoholic liver injury remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate whether nucleotides ameliorate alcoholic liver injury and explores the possible mechanism. Male Wistar rats were given alcohol, equivalent distilled water or an isocaloric amount of dextrose intragastrically twice daily for up to 6 weeks respectively. Two subgroups of alcohol-treated rats were fed with a nucleotide-supplemented AIN-93G rodent diet. Serum enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and microbiota composition of the caecum content were evaluated. We found that nucleotides could significantly decrease serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, plasma lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory cytokine levels. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that nucleotide-treated rats showed a higher abundance of Firmicutes and a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes than alcohol-treated rats. Moreover, nucleotide treatment inhibited the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4, CD14 and repressed the phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa Bα and nuclear factor-κB p65 in the liver. These results suggested that nucleotides suppressed the inflammatory response and regulated gut microbiota in alcoholic liver injury. The partial inhibition of lipopolysaccharide - toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor-κB p65 signaling in the liver may be attributed to this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Cai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Hashemi Goradel N, Eghbal MA, Darabi M, Roshangar L, Asadi M, Zarghami N, Nouri M. Improvement of Liver Cell Therapy in Rats by Dietary Stearic Acid. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 20:217-22. [PMID: 27090202 PMCID: PMC4983676 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stearic acid is known as a potent anti-inflammatory lipid. This fatty acid has profound and diverse effects on liver metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stearic acid on markers of hepatocyte transplantation in rats with acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver damage. METHODS Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 10-day treatment. Stearic acid was administered to the rats with APAP-induced liver damage. The isolated liver cells were infused intraperitoneally into rats. Blood samples were obtained to evaluate the changes in the serum liver enzymes, including activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the level of serum albumin. To assess the engraftment of infused hepatocytes, rats were euthanized, and the liver DNA was used for PCR using sex-determining region Y (SRY) primers. RESULTS The levels of AST, ALT and ALP in the serum of rats with APAP-induced liver injury were significantly increased and returned to the levels in control group by day six. The APAP-induced decrease in albumin was significantly improved in rats through cell therapy, when compared with that in the APAP-alone treated rats. SRY PCR analysis showed the presence of the transplanted cells in the liver of transplanted rats. CONCLUSION Stearic acid-rich diet in combination with cell therapy accelerates the recovering of hepatic dysfunction in a rat model of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Eghbal
- 2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Asadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kuttippurathu L, Patra B, Hoek JB, Vadigepalli R. A novel comparative pattern count analysis reveals a chronic ethanol-induced dynamic shift in immediate early NF-κB genome-wide promoter binding during liver regeneration. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:1037-56. [PMID: 26847025 PMCID: PMC4891188 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy is a clinically important process that is impaired by adaptation to chronic alcohol intake. We focused on the initial time points following partial hepatectomy (PHx) to analyze the genome-wide binding activity of NF-κB, a key immediate early regulator. We investigated the effect of chronic alcohol intake on immediate early NF-κB genome-wide localization, in the adapted state as well as in response to partial hepatectomy, using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by promoter microarray analysis. We found many ethanol-specific NF-κB binding target promoters in the ethanol-adapted state, corresponding to the regulation of biosynthetic processes, oxidation-reduction and apoptosis. Partial hepatectomy induced a diet-independent shift in NF-κB binding loci relative to the transcription start sites. We employed a novel pattern count analysis to exhaustively enumerate and compare the number of promoters corresponding to the temporal binding patterns in ethanol and pair-fed control groups. The highest pattern count corresponded to promoters with NF-κB binding exclusively in the ethanol group at 1 h post PHx. This set was associated with the regulation of cell death, response to oxidative stress, histone modification, mitochondrial function, and metabolic processes. Integration with the global gene expression profiles to identify putative transcriptional consequences of NF-κB binding patterns revealed that several of ethanol-specific 1 h binding targets showed ethanol-specific differential expression through 6 h post PHx. Motif analysis yielded co-incident binding loci for STAT3, AP-1, CREB, C/EBP-β, PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α, likely participating in co-regulatory modules with NF-κB in shaping the immediate early response to PHx. We conclude that adaptation to chronic ethanol intake disrupts the NF-κB promoter binding landscape with consequences for the immediate early gene regulatory response to the acute challenge of PHx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kuttippurathu
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Biswanath Patra
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Jan B Hoek
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. and Mitocare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. and Mitocare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Liang H, Zhang L, Wang H, Tang J, Yang J, Wu C, Chen S. Inhibitory Effect of Gardenoside on Free Fatty Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 Hepatocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27749-56. [PMID: 26610473 PMCID: PMC4661916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gardenoside is one of the most important effective extractions of a herb for its hepatoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to address the mechanism of Gardenoside on HepG2 cellular steatosis induced by free fatty acids (FFAs). The model of HepG2 steatosis was duplicated by oleic and palmitic acid at the proportion of 2:1 (FFAs mixture) for 24 h, then lipid toxicity was induced. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were used to detect cell viability and Oil Red O staining method was used to judge the lipid accumulation respectively. Inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and intracellular NFκB were measured after 24 h. The steatosis was significantly decreased after Gardenoside treatment without cytotoxicity. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were modulated to HepG2 cells by treatment of Gardenoside. In the meantime, the activation of NFκB was inhibited by Gardenoside. Gardenoside has a protective effect on FFA-induced cellular steatosis in HepG2 cells which indicates that Gardenoside might be a potential therapeutic herb against NASH by suppressed supernatant inflammatory cytokine production and intracellular NFkB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, 422 S. Siming RD, Xiamen 361005, China.
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1739 Xianyue RD, Xiamen 361009, China.
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, 422 S. Siming RD, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Hongguo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, 422 S. Siming RD, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jinmo Tang
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1739 Xianyue RD, Xiamen 361009, China.
| | - Jiaen Yang
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1739 Xianyue RD, Xiamen 361009, China.
| | - Chuncheng Wu
- Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1739 Xianyue RD, Xiamen 361009, China.
| | - Shaodong Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University, 422 S. Siming RD, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Nilakantan H, Kuttippurathu L, Parrish A, Hoek JB, Vadigepalli R. In Vivo Zonal Variation and Liver Cell-Type Specific NF-κB Localization after Chronic Adaptation to Ethanol and following Partial Hepatectomy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140236. [PMID: 26452159 PMCID: PMC4599916 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a major inflammatory response mediator in the liver, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury. We investigated zonal as well as liver cell type-specific distribution of NF-κB activation across the liver acinus following adaptation to chronic ethanol intake and 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx). We employed immunofluorescence staining, digital image analysis and statistical distributional analysis to quantify subcellular localization of NF-κB in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We detected significant spatial heterogeneity of NF-κB expression and cellular localization between cytoplasm and nucleus across liver tissue. Our main aims involved investigating the zonal bias in NF-κB localization and determining to what extent chronic ethanol intake affects this zonal bias with in hepatocytes at baseline and post-PHx. Hepatocytes in the periportal area showed higher NF-κB expression than in the pericentral region in the carbohydrate-fed controls, but not in the ethanol group. However, the distribution of NF-κB nuclear localization in hepatocytes was shifted towards higher levels in pericentral region than in periportal area, across all treatment conditions. Chronic ethanol intake shifted the NF-κB distribution towards higher nuclear fraction in hepatocytes as compared to the pair-fed control group. Ethanol also stimulated higher NF-κB expression in a subpopulation of HSCs. In the control group, PHx elicited a shift towards higher NF-κB nuclear fraction in hepatocytes. However, this distribution remained unchanged in the ethanol group post-PHx. HSCs showed a lower NF-κB expression following PHx in both ethanol and control groups. We conclude that adaptation to chronic ethanol intake attenuates the liver zonal variation in NF-κB expression and limits the PHx-induced NF-κB activation in hepatocytes, but does not alter the NF-κB expression changes in HSCs in response to PHx. Our findings provide new insights as to how ethanol treatment may affect cell-type specific processes regulated by NF-κB activation in liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Nilakantan
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi Kuttippurathu
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Austin Parrish
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang W, Li J, Wang Z, Gao H, Su L, Xie J, Chen X, Liang H, Wang C, Han Y. Oral hepatoprotective ability evaluation of purple sweet potato anthocyanins on acute and chronic chemical liver injuries. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 69:539-48. [PMID: 24442992 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, chemical liver injury cases increased significantly in Asian countries, and the imbalance in redox system was believed to be the main cause. Purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) have been shown to exert antioxidant activity and oxidative-stress-associated functional protein modulation through various signaling pathways, so it is considered to have the potential of liver injury preventive activity. In order to evaluate the hepatoprotective potency of PSPA according to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects, three acute chemical liver injury models were set up with ethanol, acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride. PSPA at moderate and high doses obviously attenuated the tested serum biomarker levels and liver index in our experiments. Besides, one chronic liver injury model set up with carbon tetrachloride was also applied, in which PSPA was orally administrated after the liver damage had been formed. Both the serum biomarker levels and histopathological analysis showed that PSPA was able to attenuated chronic liver injury. Our experimental results demonstrated the potential of PSPA as an oral hepatoprotective agent against chemical liver injury from food plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Wang
- Medical College of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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da Silva BS, Rodrigues GB, Rocha SWS, Ribeiro EL, Gomes FODS, e Silva AKS, Peixoto CA. Inhibition of NF-κB activation by diethylcarbamazine prevents alcohol-induced liver injury in C57BL/6 mice. Tissue Cell 2014; 46:363-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Rao PSS, Ahmed S, Sari Y. Effects of ceftriaxone on systemic and central expression of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in alcohol-preferring (P) rats exposed to ethanol. Alcohol Alcohol 2014; 49:390-8. [PMID: 24743029 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Determine the effect of reduction in ethanol consumption by alcohol-preferring (P) rats, following ceftriaxone treatment, on the cytokines levels in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and plasma. METHODS Following 5 weeks of free access to ethanol (15 and 30%), P rats were treated daily with ceftriaxone or saline vehicle for either 2 or 5 consecutive days. Plasma and PFC were collected from ceftriaxone- and saline vehicle-treated groups, and assayed for the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS A significant increase in the plasma level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was observed in the ceftriaxone-treated group when compared with the saline-treated group in both the 2-day and 5-day treatments. Furthermore, ceftriaxone treatment for 2 days induced reduction in TNFα level in both plasma and PFC. Additionally, ceftriaxone treatment for 2 days significantly reduced the IFNγ level in PFC. CONCLUSION These findings show the ability of ceftriaxone to reduce alcohol consumption and induce modulation of the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in P rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S S Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Y Sari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
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