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Le Cabec A, Campos PE, Yzebe O, Pelé R, Colas C, Destandau E. Enhancement of Forskolin Production Using Aeroponic Cultivation of Coleus forskohlii and the Impact on the Plant Phytochemistry. Molecules 2024; 29:4215. [PMID: 39275064 PMCID: PMC11397331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29174215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Accessing plant resources to extract compounds of interest can sometimes be challenging. To facilitate access and limit the environmental impact, innovative cultivation strategies can be developed. Forskolin is a molecule of high interest, mainly found in the roots of Coleus forskohlii. The aim of this study was to develop aeroponic cultivation methods to provide a local source of Coleus forskohlii and to study the impact of abiotic stress on forskolin and bioactive metabolite production. Three cultivation itineraries (LED lighting, biostimulant, and hydric stress) along with a control itinerary were established. The forskolin content in the plant roots was quantified using HPLC-ELSD, and the results showed that LED treatment proved to be the most promising, increasing root biomass and the total forskolin content recovered at the end of the cultivation period threefold (710.1 ± 21.3 mg vs. 229.9 ± 17.7 mg). Statistical analysis comparing the LED itinerary to the control itinerary identified stress-affected metabolites, showing that LEDs positively influence mainly the concentration of phenolic compounds in the roots and diterpenes in the aerial parts of Coleus forskohlii. Moreover, to better define the phytochemical composition of Coleus forskohlii cultivated in France using aeroponic cultivation, an untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted using UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis and molecular networks on both the root and aerial parts. This study demonstrates that aeroponic cultivation, especially with the application of an LED treatment, could be a very promising alternative for a local source of Coleus forskohlii leading to easy access to the roots and aerial parts rich in forskolin and other bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Le Cabec
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, CNRSUMR 7311, 45067 Orleans, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Campos
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, CNRSUMR 7311, 45067 Orleans, France
| | - Olivier Yzebe
- Comité de Développement Horticole Région Centre (CDHRC), 45590 St-Cyr-en-Val, France
| | - Ronan Pelé
- Comité de Développement Horticole Région Centre (CDHRC), 45590 St-Cyr-en-Val, France
| | - Cyril Colas
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, CNRSUMR 7311, 45067 Orleans, France
| | - Emilie Destandau
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, CNRSUMR 7311, 45067 Orleans, France
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Abietane Diterpenes of the Genus Plectranthus sensu lato. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010166. [PMID: 35011401 PMCID: PMC8746610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectranthus (Lamiaceae), which—according to the latest systematic revision—includes three separate genera (Coleus, Plectranthus sensu stricto, and Equilabium), is a genus widely used in traditional medicine—mainly in the treatment of various ailments of the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin. Many species of Plectranthus s.l. have been shown to produce phenolic compounds and terpenes. Diterpenes, especially those of the abietane class, are the most studied group of secondary metabolites found in Plectranthus s.l., which is characterized by a significant structural diversity arising from the oxygenation and further rearrangement of the basic tricyclic abietane skeleton to a complete aromatization of the ring system. This review summarizes the known information on abietane diterpenes, showing their structures, sources, and biosynthesis. A classification of these compounds into nine groups, according to the arrangement of their ring C, is used. Royleanones, spirocoleons, and hydroquinones are the largest classes of abietane diterpenes, covering more than 70% of all the compounds reviewed.
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Grayer RJ, Paton AJ, Simmonds MSJ, Howes MJR. Differences in diterpenoid diversity reveal new evidence for separating the genus Coleus from Plectranthus. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1720-1728. [PMID: 34676834 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00081g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2019The large and medicinally important tropical plant genus Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) was recently split into three separate genera on the basis of molecular and morphological evidence; Plectranthus sensu stricto, Coleus and Equilabium. We found striking differences between the diterpenoids which strongly support this taxonomic split. Coleus is characterised by abietanes oxygenated at C-14 such as royleanones, spirocoleons and acylhydroquinones, which could be useful chemotaxonomic markers to distinguish this genus from Plectranthus s.s. In contrast, the abietanes in Plectranthus s.s. lack C-14 oxygenation, but are often acylated with unusual acids. Equilabium species do not seem to produce diterpenoids. The structures of the nearly 240 abietanes so far reported from Coleus and Plectranthus and their distribution are presented. The aim of this Highlight is to provide an overview of the differences in diterpenoid diversity between these newly defined genera, which are relevant to predict which previously understudied species could hold untapped potential for their medicinal and other economic uses, and to underpin future research on how these plants have evolved to synthesise distinct abietane types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée J Grayer
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK.
| | - Alan J Paton
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK.
| | | | - Melanie-Jayne R Howes
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Variation in tuber proximate composition, sugars, fatty acids and amino acids of eight Oromo dinich ( Plectranthus edulis ) landraces experimentally grown in Ethiopia. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Crawford AD, Liekens S, Kamuhabwa AR, Maes J, Munck S, Busson R, Rozenski J, Esguerra CV, de Witte PAM. Zebrafish bioassay-guided natural product discovery: isolation of angiogenesis inhibitors from East African medicinal plants. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14694. [PMID: 21379387 PMCID: PMC3040759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products represent a significant reservoir of unexplored chemical diversity for early-stage drug discovery. The identification of lead compounds of natural origin would benefit from therapeutically relevant bioassays capable of facilitating the isolation of bioactive molecules from multi-constituent extracts. Towards this end, we developed an in vivo bioassay-guided isolation approach for natural product discovery that combines bioactivity screening in zebrafish embryos with rapid fractionation by analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and initial structural elucidation by high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HRESIMS). Bioactivity screening of East African medicinal plant extracts using fli-1:EGFP transgenic zebrafish embryos identified Oxygonum sinuatum and Plectranthus barbatus as inhibiting vascular development. Zebrafish bioassay-guided fractionation identified the active components of these plants as emodin, an inhibitor of the protein kinase CK2, and coleon A lactone, a rare abietane diterpenoid with no previously described bioactivity. Both emodin and coleon A lactone inhibited mammalian endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in vitro, as well as angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. These results suggest that the combination of zebrafish bioassays with analytical chromatography methods is an effective strategy for the rapid identification of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Appolinary R. Kamuhabwa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Jan Maes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Munck
- Department of Human Genetics, Flanders Interuniversity Institute of Biotechnology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roger Busson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Camila V. Esguerra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Liu AH, Lin YH, Yang M, Guo H, Guan SH, Sun JH, Guo DA. Development of the fingerprints for the quality of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its related preparations by HPLC-DAD and LC–MSn. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 846:32-41. [PMID: 16962399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints were developed for identification of both lipophilic and hydrophilic components of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and four related preparations. These samples were separated with an Agilent Zorbax Extend C(18) reserved-phase column (5 microm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm) by linear gradient elution using water-phosphoric acid (100:0.026, v/v) and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min and the detector wavelength was set at 280 nm. Mean chromatograms and correlation coefficients of samples were calculated by the software "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM". The correlation coefficients of Danshen and Fufang Danshen tablets (FDT) samples were in the range of 0.352-0.993 and 0.768-0.987, respectively. The correlation coefficients of Compound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP), Danshen injection (DSI) and Xiangdan injection (XDI) samples were higher than 0.928, 0.850 and 0.960, respectively. It was the first time to identify 34 peaks by comparing with standard compounds and using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS(n)) technique. All results indicated that the developed fingerprint assay could be readily utilized as a quality control method for S. miltiorrhiza and its related preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for TCM Modernization, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Lukhoba CW, Simmonds MSJ, Paton AJ. Plectranthus: a review of ethnobotanical uses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 103:1-24. [PMID: 16289602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Revised: 09/07/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plectranthus is a large and widespread genus with a diversity of ethnobotanical uses. The genus is plagued with numerous nomenclatural disharmonies that make it difficult to collate accurate data on the uses. The aim of this review is to gather together all ethnobotanical information on Plectranthus and to map the data onto the most up-to-date phylogenetic classification in order to see if there are similar uses among related species and hence provide a framework for the prediction and exploration of new uses of species. The uses of 62 species of Plectranthus were mapped onto a current phylogeny based on DNA sequence data. The phylogeny reveals two major Clades, 1 and 2. The members of Clade 1 (corresponding to the formally recognized genus Coleus) were richer in number and diversity of uses than members of Clade 2 (comprising the remaining species of Plectranthus). The high incidence of synonymy can lead to problems in uncovering a species' ethnobotanical profile. About 30% of all citations of Plectranthus use a synonym and most of the synonyms are attributed to 10 of the most used species, 9 of which are in Clade 1. Members of the 'Coleus' Clade are the most studied group both taxonomically and economically. The higher incidence of study may be as a result of the higher diversity of uses and the fact that species in Clade 1, such as Plectranthus barbatus, Plectranthus amboinicus and Plectranthus mollis, are geographically more widespread than those in Clade 2. Plectranthus species in Clade 1 are frequently used as medicines and are used to treat a range of ailments, particularly digestive, skin, infective and respiratory problems. Plectranthus used as foods, flavours, fodder and materials are also mostly found in Clade 1. Monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids and phenolics have been reported in species of Plectranthus. The abietane diterpenoids are the most diverse of the diterpenoids isolated from species of Plectranthus. The labdane diterpenoid, forskolin, occurs in Plectranthus barbatus and could explain some of the traditional uses of this species. This review highlights the fact that not enough is known about the chemistry of other species of Plectranthus to explain their traditional uses.
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Bürgi C, Rüedi P. Isolierung und Struktur von langkettigen Alkylphenolen und -pyrocatecholen ausPlectranthus albidus(Labiatae). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19930760508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
This review presents the phytochemical constituents of the genus Plectranthus reported up to 1999. Only a tetrameric derivative of caffeic acid was isolated from P. japonicus, but a group of long-chain alkylphenols, of possible taxonomic significance in the genus, was also isolated. As a genus of the subfamily Nepetoideae, Plectranthus is free from iridoid glycosides and rich in essential oil (i.e. > 0.5% volatile oil on a dry weight basis). Diterpenoids are the more common secondary metabolites in Plectranthus. The majority of them are highly modified abietanoids. This seems to be similar to the pattern of diterpenoids observed for Salvia, but no clerodane diterpenoids were found in Plectranthus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Abdel-Mogib
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail:
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Batista O, Simões MF, Nascimento J, Riberio S, Duarte A, Rodríguez B, de la Torre MC. A rearranged abietane diterpenoid from Plectranthus hereroensis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1996; 41:571-573. [PMID: 8821435 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A new abietane diterpenoid has been isolated from the aerial parts of Plectranthus hereroensis, together with two known diterpenes. The structure of the new substance, 3 beta-acetoxy-6 beta,7 alpha,12-trihydroxy-17(15-->16);18(4-->3)-bisabeo-abieta-4(1 9),8,12,16-tetraene- 11,14-dione, was established by spectroscopic means and by comparison with closely related compounds. This diterpene showed moderate antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Batista
- Faculdade de Farmácia, CECF, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Batista O, Simões MF, Duarte A, Valdeira ML, de la Torre MC, Rodríguez B. An antimicrobial abietane from the root of Plectranthus hereroensis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1995; 38:167-169. [PMID: 7766053 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00586-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A new abietane diterpene, 16-acetoxy-7 alpha, 12-dihydroxy-8,12-abietadiene-11,14-dione, has been isolated from the acetone extract of the root of Plectranthus hereroensis and its structure established by spectroscopic means. This compound showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholerae, and antiviral activity against Herpes simplex type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Batista
- Faculdade de Farmácia, CECF, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Shah GC, Bhandari R, Mathela CS. 1,2-Epoxy-p-menthane Derivatives from Some Labiatae Species. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1992.9698010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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