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Siewert B, Stuppner H. The photoactivity of natural products - An overlooked potential of phytomedicines? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:152985. [PMID: 31257117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoactivity, though known for centuries, is only recently shifting back into focus as a treatment option against cancer and microbial infections. The external factor light is the ingenious key-component of this therapy: Since light activates the drug locally, a high level of selectivity is reached and side effects are avoided. The first reported photoactive medicines were plant extracts. Synthetic entities (so-called photosensitizers PSs), however, paved the route towards the clinical approval of the so-called photodynamic therapy (PDT), and thus natural PSs took a backseat in the past. HYPOTHESIS Many isolated bioactive phytochemicals hold a hidden photoactive potential, which is overlooked due to the reduced common awareness of photoactivity. METHODS A systematic review of reported natural PSs and their supposed medicinal application was conducted by employing PubMed, Scifinder, and Web of Science. The identified photoactive natural products were compiled including information about their natural sources, their photoyield, and their pharmacological application. Furthermore, the common chemical scaffolds of natural PS are shown to enable the reader to recognize potentially overlooked natural PSs. RESULTS The literature review revealed over 100 natural PS, excluding porphyrins. The PSs were classified according to their scaffold. Thereby it was shown that some PS-scaffolds were analyzed in a detailed way, while other classes were only scarcely investigated, which leaves space for future discoveries. In addition, the literature revealed that many PSs are phytoalexins, thus the selection of the starting material significantly matters in order to find new PSs. CONCLUSION Photoactive principles are ubiquitous and can be found in various plant extracts. With the increasing availability of light-irradiation setups for the identification of photoactive natural products, we anticipate the discovery of many new natural PSs in the near future. With the accumulation of chemically diverse PSs, PDT itself might finally reach its clinical breakthrough as a promising alternative treatment against multi-resistant microbes and cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Siewert
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria.
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
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Arzoumanian E, Ronzani F, Trivella A, Oliveros E, Sarakha M, Richard C, Blanc S, Pigot T, Lacombe S. Transparent organosilica photocatalysts activated by visible light: photophysical and oxidative properties at the gas-solid interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:275-288. [PMID: 24304089 DOI: 10.1021/am404175y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of several photosensitizers (PSs) included or grafted in silica monoliths were compared to their properties in solution. The effects of the solid support on their steady-state and transient absorption spectra, on their quantum yields of singlet oxygen ((1)O2) production, and on their ability to photoinduce the oxidation of dimethylsulfide (DMS) were investigated. Two cyanoanthracene derivatives (9,14-dicyanobenzo[b]triphenylene, DBTP, and 9,10-dicyanoanthracene, DCA), as well as three phenothiazine dyes (methylene blue, MB(+), new methylene blue, NMB(+), methylene violet, MV), were encapsulated in silica, analyzed and compared to two reference PSs (perinaphthenone, PN and rose bengal, RB). A DBTP derivative (3-[N-(N″-triethoxysilylpropyl-N'-hexylurea)]carboxamido-9,14-dicyanobenzo[b]triphenylene, 3) was also prepared and grafted onto silica. Thanks to the transparency and the free-standing shape of the monoliths, the complete spectroscopic characterization of the supported PSs was carried out directly at the gas-solid interface. The influence of the silica network, the PS, and the adsorption/grafting link between the PS and silica was investigated. The effects of PS concentration, gaseous atmosphere, humidity, and hydrophobicity on the production of (1)O2 were analyzed. With all PSs, (1)O2 production was very efficient (quantum yields of (1)O2 production, relative to PN, between 0.6 and 1), and this species was the only one involved in the pollutant photooxidation. The influence of the matrix on the PSs' photophysics could be considered as negligible. In contrast, the matrix effect on DMS photooxidation was extremely important: the gas diffusion inside the porous structure, and thus, the photoactivity of the materials, strictly depended on silica's surface area and porosity. Our results highlight the suitability of these silica structures as inert supports for the study of the photosensitizing properties at the gas-solid interface. Moreover, thanks to the adsorption properties of the matrix, the synthesized materials can be used as microphotoreactor for the (1)O2-mediated oxidation of volatile pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Arzoumanian
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier, UPS) , 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Ronzani F, Arzoumanian E, Blanc S, Bordat P, Pigot T, Cugnet C, Oliveros E, Sarakha M, Richard C, Lacombe S. Efficient cyanoaromatic photosensitizers for singlet oxygen production: synthesis and characterization of the transient reactive species. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:17219-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52168k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ronzani F, Trivella A, Arzoumanian E, Blanc S, Sarakha M, Richard C, Oliveros E, Lacombe S. Comparison of the photophysical properties of three phenothiazine derivatives: transient detection and singlet oxygen production. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:2160-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Manju T, Manoj N, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Self sensitized photooxidation of N-methyl phenothiazine: acidity control of the competition between electron and energy transfer mechanisms. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2012; 11:1744-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25244a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chung KR. Elsinoë fawcettii and Elsinoë australis: the fungal pathogens causing citrus scab. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2011; 12:123-35. [PMID: 21199563 PMCID: PMC6640467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Elsinoë fawcettii and E. australis are important pathogens of citrus. Both species are known to produce red or orange pigments, called elsinochrome. Elsinochrome is a nonhost-selective phytotoxin and is required for full fungal virulence and lesion formation. This article discusses the taxonomy, epidemiology, genetics and pathology of the pathogens. It also provides a perspective on the cellular toxicity, biosynthetic regulation and pathological role of elsinochrome phytotoxin. TAXONOMY Elsinoë fawcettii (anamorph: Sphaceloma fawcettii) and E. australis (anamorph: S. australis) are classified in the Phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Myriangiales and Family Elsinoaceae. HOST RANGE Elsinoë fawcettii causes citrus scab (formerly sour orange scab and common scab) on various species and hybrids in the Rutaceae family worldwide, whereas E. australis causes sweet orange scab, primarily on sweet orange and some mandarins, and has a limited geographical distribution. DISEASE SYMPTOMS Citrus tissues infested with Elsinoë often display erumpent scab pustules with a warty appearance. TOXIN PRODUCTION: Elsinochrome and many perylenequinone-containing phytotoxins of fungal origin are grouped as photosensitizing compounds that are able to absorb light energy, react with oxygen molecules and produce reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide and singlet oxygen. Elsinochrome has been documented to cause peroxidation of cell membranes and to induce rapid electrolyte leakage from citrus tissues. Elsinochrome biosynthesis and conidiation are coordinately regulated in E. fawcettii, and the environmental and physiological inducers commonly involved in both processes have begun to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Ren Chung
- Citrus Research and Education Center, and Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA.
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Dántola ML, Thomas AH, Oliveros E, Lorente C. Visible-light photochemistry of 6-formyl-7,8-dihydropterin in aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Denofrio MP, Thomas AH, Braun AM, Oliveros E, Lorente C. Photochemical and photophysical properties of lumazine in aqueous solutions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dantola ML, Thomas AH, Braun AM, Oliveros E, Lorente C. Singlet Oxygen (O2(1Δg)) Quenching by Dihydropterins. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:4280-8. [PMID: 17474729 DOI: 10.1021/jp071278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pterins belong to a class of heterocyclic compounds present in a wide range of living systems. They participate in relevant biological functions and are involved in different photobiological processes. Dihydropterins are one of the biologically active forms of pterins. The photoinduced production and quenching of singlet oxygen (1O2) by a series of dihydropterins (7,8-dihydrobiopterin (DHBPT), 7,8-dihydroneopterin (DHNPT), 6-formyl-7,8-dihydropterin (FDHPT), sepiapterin (SPT), 7,8-dihydrofolic acid (DHFA), and 7,8-dihydroxanthopterin (DHXPT)) in aqueous solution at physiological pH ( approximately 7) were investigated, and the quantum yields of 1O2 production (PhiDelta) and rate constants of total quenching (kt) of 1O2 were determined. Studied compounds do not produce 1O2 under UV-A irradiation and are very efficient 1O2 quenchers. The chemical reactions between 1O2 and dihydropterin derivatives were investigated, and the corresponding rate constants (kr) were found to be particularly high. The oxidized pterin derivatives, biopterin (BPT), neopterin (NPT), 6-formylpterin (FPT), and folic acid (FA), were identified and quantified during the reaction of 1O2 with DHBPT, DHNPT, FDHPT, and DHFA, respectively. Besides the oxidation of the dihydropyrazine ring to yield the corresponding oxidized pterins, a second oxidation pathway, leading to fragmentation of the dihydropterin and formation of non-pterinic products, was identified. Mechanisms and biological implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laura Dantola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Boulevard 113 y 64 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
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Cabrerizo FM, Lorente C, Vignonl M, Cabrerizo R, Thomas AH, Capparelli AL. Photochemical Behavior of 6-Methylpterin in Aqueous Solutions: Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2005.tb01445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Thomas A, Cabrerizo R, Vignoni M, Erra-Balsells R, Cabrerizo F, Capparelli A. Photoinduced Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species from the Acid Form of 6-(Hydroxymethyl)pterin in Aqueous Solution. Helv Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200690107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cabrerizo FM, Lorente C, Vignoni M, Cabrerizo R, Thomas AH, Capparelli AL. Photochemical Behavior of 6-Methylpterin in Aqueous Solutions: Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species¶. Photochem Photobiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1562/2004-11-29-ra-383r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Garcìa-Fresnadillo D, Georgiadou Y, Orellana G, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Singlet-Oxygen (1Δg) Production by Ruthenium(II) complexes containing polyazaheterocyclic ligands in methanol and in water. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19960790428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Reactivity of the photo excited forms of Hypericin, Hypocrellin A, Hypocrellin B and methylated Hypericin towards molecular oxygen. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gutiérrez MI, Martínez CG, García-Fresnadillo D, Castro AM, Orellana G, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Singlet Oxygen (1Δg) Production by Ruthenium(II) Complexes in Microheterogeneous Systems†. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Thomas AH, Lorente C, Capparelli AL, Martínez CG, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Singlet oxygen (1deltag) production by pterin derivatives in aqueous solutions. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:245-50. [PMID: 12713224 DOI: 10.1039/b209993d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six compounds of the pterin family (pterin, 6-carboxypterin, 6-formylpterin, folic acid, biopterin and neopterin) have been investigated for their efficiencies of singlet oxygen (O2(1deltag)) production and quenching in aqueous solutions. The quantum yields of 1O2 production (phidelta) have been determined by measurements of the 1O2 luminescence in the near-infrared (1270 nm) upon continuous excitation of the sensitizer. Under our experimental conditions, all studied compounds (except folic acid) are relatively efficient 1O2 sensitizers with phidelta values of up to 0.47. Results show that the nature of the substituent at position 6 on the pterin moiety, as well as the pH, affect considerably the capacity of pterins to produce 1O2. All compounds investigated are efficient 1O2 quenchers: the rate constant of 1O2 total quenching (kt) by folic acid (3.0(+/- 0.3) x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)) is one order of magnitude larger than those for the other pterin derivatives investigated (1.4(+/- 0.1) x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) to 2.9(+/- 0.3) x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés H Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de, La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
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Griesbeck AG, Adam W, Bartoschek A, El-Idreesy TT. Photooxygenation of allylic alcohols: kinetic comparison of unfunctionalized alkenes with prenol-type allylic alcohols, ethers and acetates. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:877-81. [PMID: 14521226 DOI: 10.1039/b302255b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the chemical and physical quenching of the first excited singlet state of oxygen [1O2 (1delta(g))] by unfunctionalized alkenes 1-4, allylic alcohols 5-7 and 9, allylic acetates 8 and 11, and the allylic ether 10 display small solvent-polarity effects on the reactivity. The regioselectivity of the singlet oxygen ene reaction is solvent independent for the unfunctionalized alkenes as well as the prenol-type substrates, the latter showing substantial solvent effects on the diastereoselectivity. Pronounced physical quenching is detected only for the allylic alcohols 5 and 6. These results are interpreted in terms of the interactions between singlet oxygen and the allylic hydroxy groups, conformationally promoted by allylic strain which lead either to chemical activation or to physical quenching. The results for substrate 9 in deuterated v.s non-deuterated methanol are in accord with hydrogen bonding between the allylic alcohol and 1O2, which directs the diastereoselectivity of the ene reaction with chiral allylic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel G Griesbeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Greinstr. 4, D-50959 Köln, Germany.
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Hergueta-Bravo A, Jiménez-Hernández ME, Montero F, Oliveros E, Orellana G. Singlet Oxygen-Mediated DNA Photocleavage with Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013542r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa Hergueta-Bravo
- Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I and Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, and Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M. Emilia Jiménez-Hernández
- Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I and Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, and Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Francisco Montero
- Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I and Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, and Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Esther Oliveros
- Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I and Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, and Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Guillermo Orellana
- Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I and Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, and Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Martinez LA, Martínez CG, Klopotek BB, Lang J, Neuner A, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Nonradiative and radiative deactivation of singlet molecular oxygen (O2(a1deltag)) in micellar media and microemulsions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2000; 58:94-107. [PMID: 11233654 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(00)00109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of microheterogeneous media (micelles and microemulsions) on the lifetime and, to our knowledge for the first time, on the emission of singlet molecular oxygen (O2 (a1Ag), denoted as 1O2) were investigated. Micellar media and various types of microemulsions based on anionic (sodiumdodecyl sulfate), cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium chloride) or nonionic (Triton X-100) surfactants were formulated for this purpose. The nonradiative and radiative deactivation rate constants (k(d) and k(e), respectively) were determined in selected microheterogeneous media and in the pure solvents used for their formulation, by combining steady-state and time-resolved 1O2, luminescence detection techniques. We have shown that a simple additive model, as used in homogeneous mixtures of solvents, was inadequate for predicting values of k(d) and k(e) in organized media. In contrast, both 1O2 lifetimes (taudelta = 1/k(d)) and k(e) in the microheterogeneous systems investigated could be predicted with good precision from the composition of the media and the taudelta and k(e) values in the pure solvents, using a two-pseudophase kinetic model for the 1O2 distribution. Such a model takes into account the average times spent by 1O2 in the aqueous and lipophilic pseudo-phases of the organized media, the corresponding equilibrium constant (Keq) depending on the nature of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Martinez
- Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany
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Redmond RW, Gamlin JN. A Compilation of Singlet Oxygen Yields from Biologically Relevant Molecules. Photochem Photobiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb08240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 573] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Martínez LA, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Effect of the microenvironment on the efficiency of singlet oxygen (O2(1 delta g)) production by photosensitizing anti-inflammatory drugs. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1998; 45:103-12. [PMID: 9868800 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the medium on the quantum yields of singlet oxygen (O2(1 delta g)) production (phi delta) by a series of photosensitizing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) derived from 2-arylpropionic acid (APA) has been investigated. Four-component oil-in-water and water-in-oil microemulsions, based on anionic and cationic surfactants, have been employed as the simplest models to mimic more complex biological environments. phi delta values have been determined by monitoring the singlet oxygen (1O2) luminescence at 1270 nm upon continuous excitation of the drugs under air-equilibrated conditions. Results indicate that phi delta values are highly affected by the medium, being higher in microheterogeneous systems than in (homogeneous) solution. Some of the anti-inflammatory derivatives are very efficient 1O2 sensitizers: e.g., values of apparent phi delta as high as 0.86 (+/- 0.04) and 0.70 (+/- 0.03) have been found for tiaprofenic acid and suprofen, respectively. The location of the drugs in the interfacial region of the microemulsions combined with their high phi delta values suggest that type II reactions may play a significant role in the overall photodynamic process in more complex organized media, such as biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Martínez
- Lehrstuhl für Umweltmesstechnik, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Oliveros E, Besançon F, Boneva M, Kräutler B, Braun A. Singlet oxygen (1Δg) sensitization and quenching by vitamin B12 derivatives. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(95)90249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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