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Wang X, Tanaka M, Krstin S, Peixoto HS, Moura CCDM, Wink M. Cytoskeletal interference - A new mode of action for the anticancer drugs camptothecin and topotecan. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:265-274. [PMID: 27474470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer drugs camptothecin (CPT) and topotecan (TPT) are known DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors which cause DNA damage and lead to cell death. In this study we provide evidence that CPT and TPT also interfere with the elements of cytoskeleton - microtubules and actin filaments which could be partly responsible for their cytotoxic properties. CPT and TPT apparently affected microtubule structures in living cells (Hela and U2OS) and inhibited tubulin polymerization in vitro with IC50 values of 74.57±9.96µM and 121.55±58.68µM, respectively. TPT significantly affected the nucleation and growth phase during the microtubule assembly in vitro, whereas the mode of action of CPT was different in that it specifically affected the 'tread milling' of polymerized microtubules. Cell cycle effects of CPT and TPT varied with their concentrations. CPT and TPT induced G2/M arrest and promoted the population to 76.94±11.20% and 83.91±2.43% at a concentration of 9.4nM and 46.9nM, respectively. As the concentration increased, cells were blocked in S phase with a dose-dependent reduction in G2/M population. In addition, CPT and TPT exhibited a certain effect on actin filaments by reducing the mass of actin filaments. The interactions of CPT and TPT with microtubules and actin filaments present new insights into their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mine Tanaka
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sonja Krstin
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Herbenya Silva Peixoto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Carina Carneiro de Melo Moura
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Wink
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Lin CH, Chang CY, Lee KR, Lin HJ, Chen TH, Wan L. Flavones inhibit breast cancer proliferation through the Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:958. [PMID: 26675309 PMCID: PMC4682224 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavones found in plants display various biological activities, including anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and anti-tumor effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of flavone, apigenin and luteolin on human breast cancer cells. METHODS The anti-cancer activity of flavone, apigenin and luteolin was investigated using the MTS assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry and western blot. Cell migration was determined using the culture inserts and xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer instrument equipped with a CIM-plate 16. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot were used to determine the signaling pathway elicited by flavone, apigenin and luteolin. RESULTS Flavone, apigenin and luteolin showed potent inhibitory effects on the proliferation of Hs578T, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The ability of flavone, apigenin and luteolin to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells through apoptosis was confirmed by Hoechst33342 staining and the induction of sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. Flavone, apigenin and luteolin induced forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) expression by inhibiting Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt. This subsequently elevated the expression of FOXO3a target genes, including the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21Cip1 (p21) and p27kip1 (p27), which increased the levels of activated poly(ADP) polymerase (PARP) and cytochrome c. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data demonstrated that flavone, apigenin and luteolin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells through inhibiting PI3K/Akt activation and increasing FOXO3a activation, which suggest that flavone, apigenin and luteolin will be the potential leads for the preventing and treating of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yao Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Rong Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ju Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Ter-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Ma Y, Zheng Y, Song J, Yang X, Bi C, Zhang D, Zhang Q. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of a novel puerarin nanosuspension against colon cancer, with high efficacy and low toxicity. Int J Pharm 2012; 441:728-35. [PMID: 23089583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of puerarin nanosuspensions in human colon cancer HT-29 cell line in vitro and in vivo. Puerarin nanosuspensions were prepared by the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) technique. The HT-29 cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of puerarin solution and nanosuspensions for indicated times. MTT evaluated cellular viability and investigated the effect of puerarin on cell proliferation of HT-29. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining method was conducted to determine the influences of the puerarin nanosuspensions on cell cycle and apoptosis. The in vivo anticancer activity of the puerarin nanosuspensions was observed in HT-29 cancer bearing mice. The puerarin nanosuspensions were well re-dispersed in aqueous media a mean diameter about 400-500 nm. Cytotoxicity assay, observation of morphological changes and early apoptosis revealed that the puerarin nanosuspensions could significantly enhance the in vitro anti-proliferation against HT-29 cells compared to the puerarin free solution. The prepared puerarin nanosuspensions in vivo evaluation showed higher anticancer efficacy and lower toxicity compared to the free solution, as shown by changes in tumor volumes, body weights, and survival rates. Based on these data, the potential of the puerarin nanosuspensions to serve as a cancer chemotherapeutic agent for colon cancer could be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Jinan 250353, China.
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Nässl AM, Rubio-Aliaga I, Fenselau H, Marth MK, Kottra G, Daniel H. Amino acid absorption and homeostasis in mice lacking the intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 301:G128-37. [PMID: 21350187 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00017.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1 mediates the uptake of di- and tripeptides derived from dietary protein breakdown into epithelial cells. Whereas the transporter appears to be essential to compensate for the reduced amino acid delivery in patients with mutations in amino acid transporter genes, such as in cystinuria or Hartnup disease, its physiological role in overall amino acid absorption is still not known. To assess the quantitative importance of PEPT1 in overall amino acid absorption and metabolism, PEPT1-deficient mice were studied by using brush border membrane vesicles, everted gut sacs, and Ussing chambers, as well as by transcriptome and proteome analysis of intestinal tissue samples. Neither gene expression nor proteome profiling nor functional analysis revealed evidence for any compensatory changes in the levels and/or function of transporters for free amino acids in the intestine. However, most plasma amino acid levels were increased in Pept1(-/-) compared with Pept1(+/+) animals, suggesting that amino acid handling is altered. Plasma appearance rates of (15)N-labeled amino acids determined after intragastric administration of a low dose of protein remained unchanged, whereas administration of a large protein load via gavage revealed marked differences in plasma appearance of selected amino acids. PEPT1 seems, therefore, important for overall amino acid absorption only after high dietary protein intake when amino acid transport processes are saturated and PEPT1 can provide additional absorption capacity. Since renal amino acid excretion remained unchanged, elevated basal concentrations of plasma amino acids in PEPT1-deficient animals seem to arise mainly from alterations in hepatic amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Nässl
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Abteilung Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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Rubio-Aliaga I, Roos BD, Sailer M, McLoughlin GA, Boekschoten MV, van Erk M, Bachmair EM, van Schothorst EM, Keijer J, Coort SL, Evelo C, Gibney MJ, Daniel H, Muller M, Kleemann R, Brennan L. Alterations in hepatic one-carbon metabolism and related pathways following a high-fat dietary intervention. Physiol Genomics 2011; 43:408-16. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00179.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity frequently leads to insulin resistance and the development of hepatic steatosis. To characterize the molecular changes that promote hepatic steatosis, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics technologies were applied to liver samples from C57BL/6J mice obtained from two independent intervention trials. After 12 wk of high-fat feeding the animals became obese, hyperglycemic, and insulin resistant, had elevated levels of blood cholesterol and VLDL, and developed hepatic steatosis. Nutrigenomic analysis revealed alterations of key metabolites and enzyme transcript levels of hepatic one-carbon metabolism and related pathways. The hepatic oxidative capacity and the lipid milieu were significantly altered, which may play a key role in the development of insulin resistance. Additionally, high choline levels were observed after the high-fat diet. Previous studies have linked choline levels with insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in conjunction with changes of certain metabolites and enzyme levels of one-carbon metabolism. The present results suggest that the coupling of high levels of choline and low levels of methionine plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance and liver steatosis. In conclusion, the complexities of the alterations induced by high-fat feeding are multifactorial, indicating that the interplay between several metabolic pathways is responsible for the pathological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Rubio-Aliaga
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Baukje de Roos
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Manuela Sailer
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Gerard A. McLoughlin
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | - Mark V. Boekschoten
- Netherlands Nutrigenomics Centre, TI Food and Nutrition and
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen
| | - Marjan van Erk
- Physiological Genomics team, BU Biosciences, TNO-Quality of Life, Zeist
| | - Eva-Maria Bachmair
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen
| | - Susan L. Coort
- Department of Bioinformatics, BiGCaT, Maastricht University, Maastricht; and
| | - Chris Evelo
- Department of Bioinformatics, BiGCaT, Maastricht University, Maastricht; and
| | - Michael J. Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Michael Muller
- Netherlands Nutrigenomics Centre, TI Food and Nutrition and
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, TNO-Quality of Life, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; and
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Effects of the microtubule stabilizing agent peloruside A on the proteome of HL-60 cells. Invest New Drugs 2010; 29:544-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao SQ, Sun Y, Kopecková P, Peterson CM, Kopecek J. Antitumor efficacy of colon-specific HPMA copolymer/9-aminocamptothecin conjugates in mice bearing human-colon carcinoma xenografts. Macromol Biosci 2010; 9:1135-42. [PMID: 19685500 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of a colon-specific N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer - 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) conjugate (P-9-AC) was assessed in orthotopic and subcutaneous animal (HT29 xenograft) tumor models. P-9-AC treatment of mice bearing orthotopic colon tumors, with a dose of 3 mg/kg of 9-AC equivalent every other day for 6 weeks, resulted in regression of tumors in 9 of 10 mice. A lower dose of P-9-AC (1.25 mg/kg of 9-AC equivalent) every other day for 8 weeks inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth in all mice. No liver metastases were observed. Colon-specific release of 9-AC from polymer conjugates enhanced antitumor activity and minimized the systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Qi Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Ikonomou G, Samiotaki M, Panayotou G. Proteomic methodologies and their application in colorectal cancer research. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2009; 46:319-42. [DOI: 10.3109/10408360903375277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Simons CCJM, Hughes LAE, Arts ICW, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA, Weijenberg MP. Dietary flavonol, flavone and catechin intake and risk of colorectal cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:2945-52. [PMID: 19530252 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dietary flavonoids are hypothesized to be protective against colorectal cancer, yet findings have been inconsistent. We examined the association of dietary flavonol, flavone and catechin intake with colorectal cancer endpoints within the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). In addition, we explored whether body mass index (BMI) may be an effect modifier of this association. The NLCS includes 120,852 men and women who were 55-69 years and completed a self-administered questionnaire at baseline in 1986. A case-cohort approach was used for data processing and analysis. After 13.3 years, 1,444 male and 1,041 female colorectal cancer cases were available for estimation of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for quintiles of flavonoid intake. After adjustment for potential confounders, no association of total flavonol and flavone intake and total catechin intake with colorectal cancer endpoints was observed. Analyses stratified for BMI showed significant inverse trends in the association of total catechin intake, (+)-catechin intake and (-)-epicatechin intake with rectal cancer in men with a BMI>or=25 kg/m2 and in the association of total catechin intake and intake of kaempferol, myricetin and all individual catechins with colorectal cancer, in particular colon cancer, in women with a BMI<25 kg/m2. In conclusion, our findings generally do not support an association of dietary flavonol, flavone and catechin intake with colorectal cancer endpoints. Dietary catechin intake may be associated with a decreased rectal cancer risk in overweight men. Dietary flavonol and catechin intake may be associated with a decreased colorectal cancer risk in normal weight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colinda C J M Simons
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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