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Xu Y, Long S, Yang Y, Zhou F, Dong N, Yan K, Wang B, Zeng Y, Du N, Li X, Chen WR. Mathematical simulation of temperature distribution in tumor tissue and surrounding healthy tissue treated by laser combined with indocyanine green. Theor Biol Med Model 2019; 16:12. [PMID: 31422770 PMCID: PMC6699130 DOI: 10.1186/s12976-019-0107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Photothermal therapy is a local treatment method for cancer and the heat energy generated from it could destroy the tumor cells. This study is aimed to investigate the temperature distribution in tumor tissue and surrounding health tissue of tumor bearing mice applying mathematical simulation model. Tumor bearing mice treated by laser combined with or without indocyanine green. Monte Carlo method and the Pennes bio-heat equation were used to calculate the light distribution and heat energy. COMSOL Multiphysic was adopted to construct three dimensional temperature distribution model. Results This study revealed that the data calculated by simulation model is in good agreement with the surface temperature monitored by infrared thermometer. Effected by the optical parameters and boundary conditions of tissue, the highest temperature of tissue treated by laser combined with indocyanine green was about 65 °C which located in tumor tissue and the highest temperature of tissue treated by laser was about 43 °C which located under the tumor tissue. The temperature difference was about 20 °C. Temperature distribution in tissue was not uniform. The temperature difference in different parts of tumor tissue raised up to 15 °C. The temperature of tumor tissue treated by laser combined with indocyanine green was about 20 °C higher than that of the surrounding healthy tissue. Conclusions Reasonably good matching between the calculated temperature and the measured temperature was achieved, thus demonstrated great utility of our modeling method and approaches for deepening understand in the temperature distribution in tumor tissue and surrounding healthy tissue during the laser combined with photosensitizer. The simulation model could provide guidance and reference function for the effect of photothermal therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12976-019-0107-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.,Department of Oncology, Graduate Training Base- Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shan Long
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yunning Yang
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.,Department of Oncology, Graduate Training Base- Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Feifan Zhou
- Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Burns Institute, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Kesong Yan
- Department of laboratory animal, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Oncology, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yachao Zeng
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oncology, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Oncology, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Wei R Chen
- Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, College of Mathematics and Science, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, 73034, USA
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Huber S, Lucas ZJ. A quantitative assay for tumor antigen based on inhibition of cytotoxicity of sensitized lymphocytes. Int J Cancer 1979; 23:224-32. [PMID: 83968 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910230214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Specific inhibition of cell-mediated cytotoxicity can be used as a quantitative measure of soluble tumor antigen if highly cytolytic cells are obtained. In vitro secondary stimulation of spleen cells sensitized in vivo to the syngeneic 13762A mammary adenocarcinoma results in a lymphocyte population consistently more cytolytic than lymphocytes after primary stimulation. Maximal cytolysis requires removal of dead lymphocytes from the effector population. Soluble tumor antigen (STA) is detected only in supernatants of 13762A mammary tumor cultures grown in the presence of the proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, epsilon-amino caproic acid. Soluble MTM antigen preparations block lymphocytes immune to the mammary tumor but not lymphocytes immune to a second mammary adenocarcinoma (R3230) or to allogeneic spleen cells. Soluble antigen preparations from other tumors do not inhibit lymphocytes specifically cytolytic to the 13762A tumor. Additional evidence that the STA preparation contains tumor antigen is its ability to induce specific cytolytic lymphocytes and partial protection from challenge with live MTA tumor cells.
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Volpe EA. Serum activity inhibiting specific simian virus 40-induced transplantation resistance and its correlation with primary SV40 tumors appearance in hamsters. EXPERIENTIA 1978; 34:113-6. [PMID: 202479 DOI: 10.1007/bf01921935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Using the modified technique of transplantation test, ITR serum activity was found in most (14 out of 21) individual hamster sera obtained during the latent period of primary SV40 carcinogenesis (60 days after virus infection when newborn). On the other hand, as a rule, no ITR activity was observed in the sera of the same hamsters after tumor appearance and during their growth. ITR activity rapidly disappeared from sera of hamsters neonatally infected with SV40 after their successful immunization with the same virus during the latent period. There appears to be a correlation between the presence of ITR serum factor during the latent period and the subsequent primary SV40 tumor appearance in hamsters.
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