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Ammirati CA, Arezzo A, Gaetani C, Strazzarino GA, Faletti R, Bergamasco L, Barisone F, Fonio P, Morino M. Can we apply the concept of sentinel lymph node in rectal cancer surgery? MINIM INVASIV THER 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39295076 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2024.2404046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and lymph node staging is crucial in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Sentinel lymph nodes are the first involved in this process, but their validity in colorectal surgery has not yet been established. Following the emergence of new imaging instrumentation, some authors have attempted to propose different techniques for lymph node identification. However, a clear pattern of mesorectal lymph node distribution relative to the primary lesion site has yet to be defined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our analysis retrospectively reviewed suspicious mesorectal pathological lymph nodes on pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of rectal cancer patients, in order to assess the distribution patterns of possible tumour-related rectal lymph nodes. Mesorectal space was subdivided into quadrants and levels, and morphological features and distances from the lymph node to the primary rectal tumour were recorded. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty-five mesorectal lymph nodes distributed among 60 patients were collected. Results show that in 92.1% of cases, nodes were distributed in the same mesorectal quadrant as the rectal primary tumour, and in 88.5% of cases, they were found at the same level as the rectal primary tumour. CONCLUSIONS Although a clear node distribution pattern was not established, these results may suggest at least a lymphatic drainage preference lane, worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Arezzo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Clara Gaetani
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Faletti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Bergamasco
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Fonio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Morino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Sharma S, Chakraborty M, Yadav D, Dhullap A, Singh R, Verma RK, Bhattacharya S, Singh S. Strategic Developments in Polymer-Functionalized Liposomes for Targeted Colon Cancer Therapy: An Updated Review of Clinical Trial Data and Future Horizons. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:5650-5669. [PMID: 39162323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Liposomes, made up of phospholipid bilayers, are efficient nanocarriers for drug delivery because they can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Conventional cancer treatments sometimes involve considerable toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which limits their clinical value. Despite liposomes' promise in addressing these concerns, clinical trials have revealed significant limitations, including stability, targeted distribution, and scaling challenges. Recent clinical trials have focused on enhancing liposome formulations to increase therapeutic efficacy while minimizing negative effects. Notably, the approval of liposomal medications like Doxil demonstrates their potential in cancer treatment. However, the intricacy of liposome preparation and the requirement for comprehensive regulatory approval remain substantial impediments. Current clinical trial updates show continued efforts to improve liposome stability, targeting mechanisms, and payload capacity in order to address these issues. The future of liposomal drug delivery in cancer therapy depends on addressing these challenges in order to provide patients with more effective and safer treatment alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, India
| | - Moitrai Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, India
| | - Dharmendra Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, India
| | - Aniket Dhullap
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, India
| | - Raghuraj Singh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology lab, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Verma
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology lab, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Sankha Bhattacharya
- SVKM's NMIMS School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, India
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Ouyang Z, Chen P, Zhang M, Wu S, Qin Z, Zhou L. Arginine on immune function and post-operative obstructions in colorectal cancer patients: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1089. [PMID: 39223466 PMCID: PMC11370068 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of arginine on immune function and postoperative complications in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search to identify eligible RCTs in various databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP Medicine Information System (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM). This study aimed to examine IgA, IgG, and IgM levels as well as CD4+ and CD8+ counts as well as the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Anastomotic leaking, length of stay (LOS), and surgical site infection (SSI) were included as secondary outcomes. Stata (StataCorp, version 14.0) was utilized for data analysis. To ensure the results were reliable, we used meta-regression, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis. RESULTS A total of 24 publications (including 1883 patients) out of 681 that were retrieved fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The arginine group showed notable improvements in humoral immunity, with gains in IgA (SMD=0.45, 95% CI: 0.30-0.60), IgG (SMD=0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-0.96), and IgM (SMD=0.66, 95% CI: 0.39-0.93). With regards to cellular immunity, the arginine group exhibited a substantial increase in the CD4+ T cell count (SMD = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.67-1.38) compared to the control group. However, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio decreased significantly (SMD=1.37, 95% CI: 0.88-1.86) in the same arginine group, indicating a change in the balance between these two cell types. Additionally, the CD8+ T cell count showed a notable decrease (SMD=-0.70, 95% CI: -1.09 to -0.32) in the arginine group when compared to the control group. Anastomotic leakage was also considerably lower in the arginine group (SMD=-0.05, 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02), the rate of SSIs was lower (RR = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.05-0), and the length of time patients spent in the hospital was shorter (SMD=-0.15, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.08). CONCLUSIONS After radiation treatment for CRC, arginine improves immune function and decreases the risk of infection problems. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration with PROSPERO for this meta-analysis is number CRD42024520509.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Ouyang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Deyang People's Hospital, No. 173, North Taishan Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Jiangbei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Deyang People's Hospital, No. 173, North Taishan Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Jinjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, 610011, China
| | - Zongying Qin
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zizhong People's Hospital, Zizhong, 641200, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Deyang People's Hospital, No. 173, North Taishan Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, China.
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Almlöv K, Arbman G, Björnsson B, Elander NO, Hager J, Hamid S, Landerholm K, Loftås P, Sandström P. Assessment by a multidisciplinary team conference affects treatment strategy and overall survival in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases. HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:1131-1140. [PMID: 38849249 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the geographical or sex differences in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM) in terms of assessment by a multidisciplinary team conference (MDT), curative treatment, and overall survival. METHOD All sCRLM patients in the South-East Health Care Region of Sweden from 2009 to 2015 were included (n = 615). Data were derived from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry, Swedish Registry of Liver and Bile Surgery and medical records. RESULTS Patients who had a hepatobiliary unit (HBU) at the nearest hospital were more likely to undergo liver surgery (HBU+, 37% (n = 106), compared to HBU-, 22% (n = 60); p = 0.001) and had a better median survival (p < 0.001). No sex differences were observed. In multivariate Cox regression analyses of overall survival, assessment by an MDT that included a liver surgeon was independently linked to better survival (HR 0.574, 0.433-0.760). CONCLUSION There were no sex differences in access to liver surgery or overall survival, however, there were geographical inequalities, where residency near a hospital with HBU was associated with increased overall survival and the possibility to receive liver surgery. Assessment at MDT with liver surgeon present was associated with greater survival, indicating its important role for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Almlöv
- Department of Surgery in Norrköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Gunnar Arbman
- Department of Surgery in Norrköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Bergthor Björnsson
- Department of Surgery in Linköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nils O Elander
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS, FT, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jakob Hager
- Department of Surgery in Norrköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Salik Hamid
- Department of Surgery in Norrköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Kalle Landerholm
- Department of Surgery in Jönköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Loftås
- Department of Surgery in Linköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery in Linköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Milsom JW, Pua BP, Sedrakyan A, Lowenfeld L, Yeo HL. Creating the Future of (Endoluminal) GI Interventions. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2024; 37:346-354. [PMID: 39132196 PMCID: PMC11309788 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Major innovation into how we pursue diagnosis and therapies for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is urgently needed to seek better, less invasive, and less costly innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the GI tract. Learning from prior paradigm shifts in cardiac and vascular we present here several initial steps we have undertaken to follow the endoluminal path, using advanced imaging methods, including endoscopy, and data management with avoidance of entry into a body cavity when possible. We will review the benefit and ease of incorporating routine fluoroscopy with endoscopy to improve safety and efficiency. We describe the development of "hybrid" procedure rooms for GI interventions and rationale for their use. We also emphasize the importance of collaborating with interventional radiologists, software engineers, and data specialists. We predict major improvement in outcomes in both diagnosis and treatment will follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Milsom
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI3), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Bradley P. Pua
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI3), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Art Sedrakyan
- Department of Health Policy and Research, Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI3), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Lea Lowenfeld
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI3), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Heather L. Yeo
- Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI3), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
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Almutairi MH, Alrubie TM, Alshareeda AT, Albarakati N, Almotiri A, Alamri AM, Almutairi BO, Alanazi M. Differential expression and regulation of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 gene profiles in colon cancer tissues and their in vitro response to epigenetic drugs. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307724. [PMID: 39208330 PMCID: PMC11361649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a significant cause of death worldwide, particularly in Saudi Arabia. To increase the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment, it is important to discover new specific biomarkers for CC. The main objectives of this research are to identify potential specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CC by analyzing the expressions of eight cancer testis (CT) genes, as well as to analyze how epigenetic mechanisms control the expression of these genes in CC cell lines. Tissue samples were collected from 15 male patients with CC tissues and matched NC tissues for gene expression analysis. The expression levels of specific CT genes, including ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12, were assessed using quantitative techniques. To validate the gene expression patterns, we used publicly available CC statistics. To investigate the effect of inhibition of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation on CT gene expression, in vitro experiments were performed using HCT116 and Caco-2 cell lines. There was no detected expression of the genes neither in the patient samples nor in NC tissues, except for TEX48, which exhibited upregulation in CC samples compared to NC tissues in online datasets. Notably, CT genes showed expression in testis samples. In vitro, experiments demonstrated significant enhancement in mRNA expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 following treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A in HCT116 and Caco-2 cell lines. Epigenetic treatments modify the expression of CT genes, indicating that these genes can potentially be used as biomarkers for CC. The importance of conducting further research to understand and target epigenetic mechanisms to improve CC treatment cannot be overemphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki M. Alrubie
- Laboratories Directorate, General Directorate of Animal Health, Ministry Deputyship for Agriculture, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa T. Alshareeda
- Blood and Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Albarakati
- Blood and Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhomidi Almotiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Ad Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Alamri
- Department of Biochemistry, Genome Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader O. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Genome Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cai SR, Huang YQ, Li QR, Zhu HH, Zhang SZ, Song YM, Yang JH, Zheng S. Combining FITs and HRFQ with colonoscopy improve the cost-effectiveness of a 9-year mass colorectal cancer screening program. ESMO Open 2024; 9:103676. [PMID: 39168026 PMCID: PMC11381980 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been increasing. Colonoscopy is still a gold standard method for its early diagnosis but using colonoscopy alone as a mass screening method is unrealistic. This study is to investigate whether combining fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and high-risk-factors questionnaire (HRFQ) with colonoscopy improve the cost-effectiveness of a mass CRC screening. PATIENTS AND METHODS CRC screening protocol combining FITs and HRFQ in the first stage and colonoscopy in the second stage was used in 50 villages/towns in 2007-2015. Residents aged 40-74 years were eligible for this free screening. A total of 160 210 (76.12%) participants completed first-stage screening, and 28 679 (17.90%) participants were defined as positive, among which 21 715 (75.72%) participants completed colonoscopy and were included in the final analysis. Outcomes were followed up until 2020. RESULTS The compliance was 76.12% and 75.72% in the first and second screening stage, respectively. A total of 252 CRC, 4033 adenoma, 1234 advanced neoplasm, and 5534 total neoplasm cases were detected in the screening. The positive predictive values of CRC, adenoma, advanced neoplasm, and total neoplasm were higher in FITs+ than those in the HRFQ+ population, respectively. A total of 64.60% and 43.42% total neoplasm cases were found in FITs+ and HRFQ+ (8.02% for both), respectively. The total colorectal neoplasm and CRC cases detected by combining HRFQ and FITs increased by 55.08% and 40.00%, respectively, and their increases were higher compared to HRFQ. The detection cost per any neoplasm by combining HRFQ and FITs was <$5331, while that by FITs and HRFQ alone was <$4570 and $5380, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Combining FITs and HRFQ with colonoscopy improve the cost-effectiveness of a mass CRC screening program. This protocol can be recommended for most populations, especially those in the countries and areas with high population density and low physician/population ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-R Cai
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, the China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang, The Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Y-Q Huang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, the China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang, The Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Q-R Li
- Cancer Prevention Institute of Jiashan County, Jiashan, Zhejiang
| | - H-H Zhu
- Center for Medical Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Four-Province-Bordering Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Quzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - S-Z Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, the China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang, The Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Y-M Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Second Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - J-H Yang
- Cancer Prevention Institute of Jiashan County, Jiashan, Zhejiang
| | - S Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, the China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang, The Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
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Yuan Z, Wang Y, Xu S, Zhang M, Tang J. Construction of a prognostic model for colon cancer by combining endoplasmic reticulum stress responsive genes. J Proteomics 2024; 309:105284. [PMID: 39159861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress may affect the occurrence and development of cancer. However, its effect on the prognosis of colon cancer (CC) patients is not clear yet. Herein, based on TCGA database, we screened 15 endoplasmic reticulum stress responsive genes (ERSRGs) associated with the prognosis of CC patients by Cox regression. By LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a prognostic risk assessment model involving 12 genes (DNAJB2, EIF4A1, YPEL4, COQ10A, IRX3, ASPHD1, NTRK2, TRIM39, XBP1, GRIN2B, LRRC59, and RORC) was built. The survival curves indicated that patients in the low-risk group had good prognosis. ROC curves demonstrated a good performance of this 12-gene prognostic model, and the Riskscore could be considered as an independent prognostic factor. Patients in low-risk group benefit more from immune checkpoint inhibitor and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment. Besides, the enrichment analysis suggested a remarkable difference in Ca2+ signaling in both groups. Finally, based on the cMAP database, we identified several potential drugs that could target high-risk groups, such as Dasatinib, GNF-2, Saracatinib, and WZ-1-84. To sum up, our research constructed an ERSRGs-characteristic prognostic model. The model is a promising biomarker for prediction of clinical outcomes and immune therapy response of CC patients. SIGNIFICANCE: Based on the transcriptomic data of colon cancer in the TCGA database, this study screens 12 endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (ERSRGs), including DNAJB2, EIF4A1, YPEL4, COQ10A, IRX3, ASPHD1, NTRK2, TRIM39, XBP1, asphD1, NTRK2. GRIN2B, LRRC59, and RORC, and a prognostic model was constructed. This model can be used as a predictor of prognosis and immunotherapy response in colon cancer patients. At the same time, model-based prediction of drugs can also be a potential option for colon cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China.
| | - Jianjun Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China.
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Lucarelli NM, Mirabile A, Maggialetti N, Morelli C, Calbi R, Bartoli S, Avella P, Saccente D, Greco S, Ianora Stabile AA. The role of superior hemorrhoidal vein ectasia in the preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1356022. [PMID: 39161384 PMCID: PMC11330806 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1356022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The prognosis of colorectal cancer has continuously improved in recent years thanks to continuous progress in both the therapeutic and diagnostic fields. The specific objective of this study is to contribute to the diagnostic field through the evaluation of the correlation between superior hemorrhoidal vein (SHV) ectasia detected on computed tomography (CT) and Tumor (T), Node (N), and distant metastasis (M) examination and mesorectal fascia (MRF) invasion in the preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Methods Between January 2018 and April 2022, 46 patients with histopathological diagnosis of rectal cancer were retrospectively enrolled, and the diameter of the SHV was evaluated by CT examination. The cutoff value for SHV diameter used is 3.7 mm. The diameter was measured at the level of S2 during portal venous phase after 4× image zoom to reduce the interobserver variability. The parameters evaluated were tumor location, detection of MRF infiltration (defined as the distance < 1 mm between the tumor margins and the fascia), SHV diameter, detection of mesorectal perilesional lymph nodes, and detection of metastasis. Results A total of 67.39% (31/46) of patients had SHV ectasia. All patients with MRF infiltration (4/46, 7.14%) presented SHV ectasia (average diameter of 4.4 mm), and SHV was significantly related with the development of liver metastases at the moment of primary staging and during follow-up. Conclusion SHV ectasia may be related to metastasis and MRF involvement; therefore, it could become a tool for preoperative staging of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Maria Lucarelli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Maggialetti
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Morelli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Calbi
- Radiology Unit, Ente Ecclesiastico Ospedale Generale Regionale “F. Miulli”, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Bartoli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Avella
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Saccente
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Sara Greco
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Amato Ianora Stabile
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Bari Medical School “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Rau A, Bano S, Jin Y, Azagra P, Morlana J, Kader R, Sanderson E, Matuszewski BJ, Lee JY, Lee DJ, Posner E, Frank N, Elangovan V, Raviteja S, Li Z, Liu J, Lalithkumar S, Islam M, Ren H, Lovat LB, Montiel JMM, Stoyanov D. SimCol3D - 3D reconstruction during colonoscopy challenge. Med Image Anal 2024; 96:103195. [PMID: 38815359 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. While colonoscopy is an effective screening technique, navigating an endoscope through the colon to detect polyps is challenging. A 3D map of the observed surfaces could enhance the identification of unscreened colon tissue and serve as a training platform. However, reconstructing the colon from video footage remains difficult. Learning-based approaches hold promise as robust alternatives, but necessitate extensive datasets. Establishing a benchmark dataset, the 2022 EndoVis sub-challenge SimCol3D aimed to facilitate data-driven depth and pose prediction during colonoscopy. The challenge was hosted as part of MICCAI 2022 in Singapore. Six teams from around the world and representatives from academia and industry participated in the three sub-challenges: synthetic depth prediction, synthetic pose prediction, and real pose prediction. This paper describes the challenge, the submitted methods, and their results. We show that depth prediction from synthetic colonoscopy images is robustly solvable, while pose estimation remains an open research question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rau
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sophia Bano
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Yueming Jin
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK; National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | | | - Rawen Kader
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward Sanderson
- Computer Vision and Machine Learning (CVML) Group, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Bogdan J Matuszewski
- Computer Vision and Machine Learning (CVML) Group, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Jae Young Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jae Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Sista Raviteja
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Zhengwen Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jiquan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Seenivasan Lalithkumar
- National University of Singapore, Singapore; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Hongliang Ren
- National University of Singapore, Singapore; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Laurence B Lovat
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Danail Stoyanov
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
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11
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Huang M, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zuo X. ZMIZ1 Regulates Proliferation, Autophagy and Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells by Mediating Ubiquitin-Proteasome Degradation of SIRT1. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:3245-3259. [PMID: 38214831 PMCID: PMC11289246 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
There are nearly 1.15 million new cases of colon cancer, as well as 586,858 deaths from colon cancer worldwide in 2020. The aim of this study is to reveal whether ZMIZ1 can control the fate of colon cancer cells and the mechanism by which it functions. Specific shRNA transfection was used to knock down the expression of ZMIZ1 in colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and HT29), and cell proliferation was detected using EdU and CCK-8 reagents, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and autophagy by western blot. The interaction of ZMIZ1 and SIRT1 was analyzed. Knockdown of ZMIZ1 significantly inhibited autophagy and proliferation, and induced apoptosis of HCT116 and HT29 cells. The mRNA level of SIRT1 was not affected by ZMIZ1 knockdown, but the protein level of SIRT1 was significantly decreased and the protein level of the SIRT1-specific substrate, acetylated FOXO3a, was reduced. Immunoprecipitation assays identified the interaction between SIRT1 and ZMIZ1 in HCT116 and HT29 cells. ZMIZ1 increased intracellular ubiquitination of SIRT1. Knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of SIRT1 neutralized the effects of ZMIZ knockdown on proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis in HCT116 and HT29 cells. ZMIZ1 may control the fate of colon cancer cells through the SIRT1/FOXO3a axis. Targeting ZMIZ1 would be beneficial for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No.2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No.2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No.2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Xueliang Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No.2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
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12
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Shahabi F, Mehri A, Abdollahi A, Hoshyar SHH, Ghahramani A, Noei MG, Orafaie A, Ansari M. Post recurrence survival in early versus late period and its prognostic factors in rectal cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17661. [PMID: 39085286 PMCID: PMC11291732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
To identify factors associated with post-recurrence survival (PRS), we examined our institutional recurrence patterns following definitive resection for rectal cancer. We reviewed all patients with rectal cancer diagnosed at three hospitals in the east of Iran from 2011 to 2020. The optimal cut-off value was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine early recurrence. The effect of recurrence time was evaluated on PRS. 326 eligible patients with a mean ± SD age of 56 ± 12.8 years were included in this study. In a median (IQR: Inter-quartile range) follow-up time of 76 (62.2) months, 106 (32.5%) patients experienced at least any recurrence (locoregional or distant metastasis) following primary resection. The median (IQR) time from initial surgery to recurrence was 29.5 (31.2) months. Based on ROC analysis, early recurrence was specified at ≤ 29 months. However, for the patients who experienced only locoregional recurrence, 33 months was the cut-off to define early recurrence. Recurrence time and recurrence management were both significant variables on PRS. Moreover, TNM staging was significantly associated with early recurrence (P = 0.003). In this research, recurrence time, recurrence management and TNM staging were found to be correlated with PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shahabi
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mehri
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Abdollahi
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini Hoshyar
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Ghahramani
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdie Ghiyasi Noei
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ala Orafaie
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ansari
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ahmadabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Jiao Y, Mongardini FM, Xie H, Zhou X, Kong X, Wen J, Docimo L, Li J, Gambardella C. CC vs. CC-Plus: A Comparison between Two Cranial-to-Caudal Approaches for Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. J Pers Med 2024; 14:781. [PMID: 39201973 PMCID: PMC11355353 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14080781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with approximately 1.9 million new cases and over 935,000 deaths in 2020. Right-sided colon cancer, a subset of colorectal cancer, represents a significant health burden. Laparoscopic colon surgery has significantly improved postoperative recovery. The superiority of one approach or landmark over another is still argued about due to the lack of large-scale prospective studies. However, deep understanding both of the anatomical variation and characteristics of each approach is of extreme importance to minimizing adverse effects and maximizing patient benefit after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Among these, the cranial-to-caudal approach offers advantages such as reduced intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, and decreased risk of vascular injury. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of two cranial-to-caudal approaches for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH). Specifically, the study aims to evaluate the differences between the conventional cranial-to-caudal approach with medial ligation of the middle colic vein (MCV), and the cranial-to-caudal approach with cranial MCV ligation and surgical trunk sheath opening (CC-plus). The goal is to determine which method offers superior outcomes in terms of intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and overall patient recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-center retrospective study compared two cranial-to-caudal approaches for LRH. The study included 51 patients who underwent LRH between January 2021 and November 2023 at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (26 patients) used the cranial-to-caudal approach with medial ligation of the middle colic vein (MCV), and Group B (25 patients) used the cranial-to-caudal approach with cranial MCV ligation and surgical trunk sheath opening (CC-plus). General characteristics, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups regarding age, gender, tumor location, or clinical staging. All patients achieved R0 resection with no perioperative deaths. The CC-plus group had significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and shorter operation time compared to the CC group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in first postoperative exhausting time, first postoperative defecation time, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Furthermore, no significant differences were evaluated in postoperative complications (surgical site infection (SSI), ileus or bowel obstruction, refractory diarrhea, anastomotic leakage, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), hemorrhage) between the two groups on a median follow up of 12.6 months. Pathological examination showed no significant differences in total lymph nodes dissected and tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS The cranial-to-caudal approach with MCV ligation via the cranial approach (CC-plus) is a safe and effective method for LRH, offering advantages in terms of reduced operation time and intraoperative blood loss. This study's findings suggest that the CC-plus approach may be superior to the conventional cranial-to-caudal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Jiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Federico Maria Mongardini
- Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.M.); (L.D.)
| | - Haiting Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiangxing Kong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jihang Wen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Ludovico Docimo
- Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.M.); (L.D.)
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.J.); (H.X.); (X.Z.); (X.K.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Claudio Gambardella
- Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.M.); (L.D.)
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14
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Wang CX, Liu F, Wang Y. RBM5 suppresses proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis of colorectal cancer cells via stabilizing phosphatase and tensin homolog mRNA. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3241-3255. [PMID: 39072172 PMCID: PMC11271791 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i7.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA binding motif 5 (RBM5) has emerged as crucial regulators in many cancers. AIM To explore more functional and mechanistic exploration of RBM5 since the lack of research on RBM5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) dictates that is essential. METHODS Through Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, we analyzed RBM5 expression in colon adenocarcinoma and rectum adenocarcinoma tissues. For detecting the mRNA expression of RBM5, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction was performed. Protein expression levels of RBM5, hexokinase 2, lactate dehydrogenase A, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-AKT), and AKT were determined via Western blot. Functionally, cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) assay were performed to evaluate proliferation of CRC cells. Invasiveness and migration of CRC cells were evaluated through conducting transwell assays. Glucose consumption, lactate production and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production were measured through a glucose assay kit, a lactate assay kit and an ATP production assay kit, respectively. Besides, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, half-life RT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to detect interaction between RBM5 and PTEN. To establish a xenotypic tumor mice, CRC cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of each mouse. Protein expression of RBM5, Ki67, and PTEN in tumor tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry staining. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate tumor liver metastasis in mice. RESULTS We discovered down-regulation of RBM5 expression in CRC tissues and cells. RBM5 overexpression repressed proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Meantime, RBM5 impaired glycolysis in CRC cells, presenting as decreased glucose consumption, decreased lactate production and decreased ATP production. Besides, RBM5 bound to PTEN mRNA to stabilize its expression. PTEN expression was positively regulated by RBM5 in CRC cells. The protein levels of PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased after RBM5 overexpression. The suppressive influences of RBM5 on glycolysis, proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells were partially counteracted by PTEN knockdown. RBM5 suppressed tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSION This investigation provided new evidence that RBM5 was involved in CRC by binding to PTEN, expanding the importance of RBM5 in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xiang Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, Beijing Fresta Technologies Co, Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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15
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Yang R, Yue W, Hu D, Wang G, Mao L, Huang J, Wang H, Liang G. Synthesis of compounds based on the active domain of cabotegravir and their application in inhibiting tumor cells activity. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300284. [PMID: 38315083 PMCID: PMC11230920 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Structural modification based on existing drugs, which ensures the safety of marketed drugs, is an essential approach in developing new drugs. In this study, we modified the structure of cabotegravir by introducing the front alkyne on the core structure through chemical reaction, resulting in the synthesis of 9 compounds resembling 1,2,3-triazoles. The potential of these new cabotegravir derivatives as tumor suppressors in gastrointestinal tumors was investigated. Based on the MTT experiment, most compounds showed a reduction in the viability of KYSE30 and HCT116 cells. Notably, derivatives 5b and 5h exhibited the most significant inhibitory effects. To further explore the effects of derivatives 5b and 5h on gastrointestinal tumors, KYSE30 cells were chosen as a representative cell line. Both derivatives can effectively curtail the migration and invasion capabilities of KYSE30 cells and induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. We further demonstrated these derivatives induce cell apoptosis in KYSE30 cells by inhibiting the expression of Stat3 protein and Smad2/3 protein. Based on the above results, we suggest they show promise in developing drugs for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Wenhui Yue
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Guidan Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jiahe Huang
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Huili Wang
- University of North Carolina Hospitals, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, Orange County, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
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16
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Sameti P, Amini M, Oroojalian F, Baghay Esfandyari Y, Tohidast M, Rahmani SA, Azarbarzin S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. MicroRNA-425: A Pivotal Regulator Participating in Tumorigenesis of Human Cancers. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1537-1551. [PMID: 37332071 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded regulatory RNAs that are shown to be dysregulated in a wide array of human cancers. MiRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression and function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors through modulating various target genes. Therefore, they possess great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancer detection and treatment. In particular, recent studies have illustrated that miR-425 is also dysregulated in various human malignancies and plays a fundamental role in cancer initiation and progression. miR-425 has been reported to function as a dual-role miRNA participating in the regulation of cellular processes, including metastasis, invasion, and cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Wnt, and P13K/AKT pathways. Therefore, regarding recent researches showing the high therapeutic potential of miR-425, in this review, we have noted the impact of its dysregulation on signaling pathways and various aspects of tumorigenesis in a variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouriya Sameti
- Department of Biology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Tohidast
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azarbarzin
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Khan MMM, Munir MM, Khalil M, Tsilimigras DI, Woldesenbet S, Endo Y, Katayama E, Rashid Z, Cunningham L, Kaladay M, Pawlik TM. Association of county-level provider density and social vulnerability with colorectal cancer-related mortality. Surgery 2024; 176:44-50. [PMID: 38729889 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers play a crucial role in increasing overall awareness, screening, and treatment of cancer, leading to reduced cancer mortality. We sought to characterize the impact of provider density on colorectal cancer population-level mortality. METHODS County-level provider data, obtained from the Area Health Resource File between 2016 and 2018, were used to calculate provider density per county. These data were merged with county-level colorectal cancer mortality 2016-2020 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariable regression was performed to define the association between provider density and colorectal cancer mortality. RESULTS Among 2,863 counties included in the analytic cohort, 1,132 (39.5%) and 1,731 (60.5%) counties were categorized as urban and rural, respectively. The colorectal cancer-related crude mortality rate was higher in counties with low provider density versus counties with moderate or high provider density (low = 22.9, moderate = 21.6, high = 19.3 per 100,000 individuals; P < .001). On multivariable analysis, the odds of colorectal cancer mortality were lower in counties with moderate and high provider density versus counties with low provider density (moderate odds ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.94-0.99; high odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.86-0.91). High provider density remained associated with a lower likelihood of colorectal cancer mortality independent of social vulnerability index (low social vulnerability index and high provider density: odds ratio 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.81-0.89; high social vulnerability index and high provider density: odds ratio 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.89-0.98). CONCLUSION Regardless of social vulnerability index, high county-level provider density was associated with lower colorectal cancer-related mortality. Efforts to increase access to health care providers may improve health care equity, as well as long-term cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi Khan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Muhammad Musaab Munir
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Mujtaba Khalil
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Selamawit Woldesenbet
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Yutaka Endo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Erryk Katayama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Zayed Rashid
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Lisa Cunningham
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Matthew Kaladay
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
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18
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Tovar Perez JE, Zhang S, Hodgeman W, Kapoor S, Rajendran P, Kobayashi KS, Dashwood RH. Epigenetic regulation of major histocompatibility complexes in gastrointestinal malignancies and the potential for clinical interception. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:83. [PMID: 38915093 PMCID: PMC11197381 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal malignancies encompass a diverse group of cancers that pose significant challenges to global health. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a pivotal role in immune surveillance, orchestrating the recognition and elimination of tumor cells by the immune system. However, the intricate regulation of MHC gene expression is susceptible to dynamic epigenetic modification, which can influence functionality and pathological outcomes. MAIN BODY By understanding the epigenetic alterations that drive MHC downregulation, insights are gained into the molecular mechanisms underlying immune escape, tumor progression, and immunotherapy resistance. This systematic review examines the current literature on epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to MHC deregulation in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, hepatic and colorectal malignancies. Potential clinical implications are discussed of targeting aberrant epigenetic modifications to restore MHC expression and 0 the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic interventions. CONCLUSION The integration of epigenetic-targeted therapies with immunotherapies holds great potential for improving clinical outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and represents a compelling avenue for future research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shilan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200070, China
| | - William Hodgeman
- Wolfson Medical School, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sabeeta Kapoor
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, and Antibody & Biopharmaceuticals Core, Texas A&M Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Koichi S Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, Bryan, TX, 77087, USA
| | - Roderick H Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, and Antibody & Biopharmaceuticals Core, Texas A&M Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Milton S, Macrae F, McIntosh JG, Saya S, Alphonse P, Yogaparan T, Karnchanachari N, Novy K, Nguyen P, Lau P, Emery J. Designing a decision aid for cancer prevention: a qualitative study. Fam Pract 2024; 41:349-359. [PMID: 37058423 PMCID: PMC11167968 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Australian guidelines recommend people aged 50-70 years old consider taking low-dose aspirin to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer. The aim was to design sex-specific decision aids (DAs) with clinician and consumer input, including expected frequency trees (EFTs) to communicate the risks and benefits of taking aspirin. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians. Focus groups were conducted with consumers. The interview schedules covered ease of comprehension, design, potential effects on decision-making, and approaches to implementation of the DAs. Thematic analysis was employed; independent coding by 2 researchers was inductive. Themes were developed through consensus between authors. RESULTS Sixty-four clinicians were interviewed over 6 months in 2019. Twelve consumers aged 50-70 years participated in two focus groups in February and March 2020. The clinicians agreed that the EFTs would be helpful to facilitate a discussion with patients but suggested including an additional estimate of the effects of aspirin on all-cause mortality. The consumers felt favourable about the DAs and suggested changes to the design and wording to ease comprehension. CONCLUSION DAs were designed to communicate the risks and benefits of low-dose aspirin for disease prevention. The DAs are currently being trialled in general practice to determine their impact on informed decision-making and aspirin uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira Milton
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Finlay Macrae
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer G McIntosh
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sibel Saya
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pavithran Alphonse
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thivagar Yogaparan
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Napin Karnchanachari
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kitty Novy
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Nguyen
- Health and Government Sector, Quantium, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phyllis Lau
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jon Emery
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Krag C, Svane MS, Madsbad S, Graversen SB, Christensen JF, Sørensen TIA, Lehrskov LL, Laurberg T. The impact of surgery and oncological treatment on risk of type 2 diabetes onset in patients with colorectal cancer: nationwide cohort study in Denmark. eLife 2024; 12:RP89354. [PMID: 38829205 PMCID: PMC11147501 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbidity with type 2 diabetes (T2D) results in worsening of cancer-specific and overall prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The treatment of CRC per se may be diabetogenic. We assessed the impact of different types of surgical cancer resections and oncological treatment on risk of T2D development in CRC patients. Methods We developed a population-based cohort study including all Danish CRC patients, who had undergone CRC surgery between 2001 and 2018. Using nationwide register data, we identified and followed patients from date of surgery and until new onset of T2D, death, or end of follow-up. Results In total, 46,373 CRC patients were included and divided into six groups according to type of surgical resection: 10,566 Right-No-Chemo (23%), 4645 Right-Chemo (10%), 10,151 Left-No-Chemo (22%), 5257 Left-Chemo (11%), 9618 Rectal-No-Chemo (21%), and 6136 Rectal-Chemo (13%). During 245,466 person-years of follow-up, 2556 patients developed T2D. The incidence rate (IR) of T2D was highest in the Left-Chemo group 11.3 (95% CI: 10.4-12.2) per 1000 person-years and lowest in the Rectal-No-Chemo group 9.6 (95% CI: 8.8-10.4). Between-group unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of developing T2D was similar and non-significant. In the adjusted analysis, Rectal-No-Chemo was associated with lower T2D risk (HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.75-0.98]) compared to Right-No-Chemo.For all six groups, an increased level of body mass index (BMI) resulted in a nearly twofold increased risk of developing T2D. Conclusions This study suggests that postoperative T2D screening should be prioritised in CRC survivors with overweight/obesity regardless of type of CRC treatment applied. Funding The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF17SA0031406); TrygFonden (101390; 20045; 125132).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Krag
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Saur Svane
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Lang Lehrskov
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tinne Laurberg
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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21
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Waldmann E, Jiricka L, Zessner-Spitzenberg J, Majcher B, Rockenbauer LM, Penz D, Hinterberger A, Trauner M, Ferlitsch M. Differences between men and women with respect to colorectal cancer mortality despite screening colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 99:998-1005.e2. [PMID: 38184115 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Women aged 55 to 59 years have a similar prevalence rate and number needed to screen for colorectal adenomas as men at a 10-year younger age. The aim of this study was to determine sex-specific differences in colorectal cancer mortality and estimate the association with adenomas at screening colonoscopy. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed 323,139 individuals who underwent colonoscopy within a national colorectal cancer screening program in Austria between January 2007 and December 2020. RESULTS Median patient age was 60 years (interquartile range, 54-67), and the sex distribution in all age groups was nearly identical. Men had significantly higher odds of having an adenoma or serrated polyp, low-risk polyp, high-risk polyp, or colorectal cancer detected at colonoscopy than women (odds ratio [OR] 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-1.86; OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.44-1.49; OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.69-1.80; and OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.70-2.05, respectively). Strikingly, male sex, when compared with female sex, was associated with an almost 2-fold (hazard ratio, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.05-2.67) increased risk to die from colorectal cancer when an adenoma or serrated polyp was found at the screening colonoscopy and a 4-fold (hazard ratio, 4.14; 95% CI, 2.72-6.3) increased risk when a high-risk polyp was found at the screening colonoscopy. The cumulative incidence for death of colorectal cancer for 60-year-old individuals was 8.5-fold higher in men as compared with women. Markedly, this sex gap narrowed with increasing age, whereas the difference in deaths of other causes remained similar in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings strengthen the necessity of sex-specific screening recommendations. Importantly, further prospective studies should focus on sex differences in tumor biology to propose personalized surveillance guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Waldmann
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Jiricka
- Department of Clinical Biometrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasmin Zessner-Spitzenberg
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Majcher
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa-Maria Rockenbauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Penz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Hinterberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Ferlitsch
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Quality Certificate for Screening Colonoscopy, Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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22
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García-Alfonso P, Vera R, Aranda E, Élez E, Rivera F. Delphi consensus for the third-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1429-1437. [PMID: 38411748 PMCID: PMC11108914 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The optimal drug regimen and sequence are still unknown for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who are candidates for third-line (3L) or subsequent treatment. The aim of this study is to know the opinion of experts on the most appropriate treatment options for mCRC in 3L and to clarify certain clinical decisions in Spain. METHODS Using a modified Delphi method, a group of experts discussed the treatment in 3L of patients with mCRC and developed a questionnaire with 21 items divided into 5 sections. RESULTS After 2 rounds, the 67 panelists consulted agreed on 17 items (81%). They considered that the main objective of 3L is to equally increase survival and improve patients' quality of life (QoL), but preferably the QoL. It was agreed that patients with mCRC in 3L prefer to receive active versus symptomatic treatment. Panelists considered trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) to be the best oral treatment available to them in 3L. In patients with MSI-H or dMMR and BRAF V600E, the panelists mostly prefer targeted treatments. Panelists agreed the use of a therapeutic sequence that not only increases outcomes but also allows patients to be treated later. Finally, it was agreed that FTD/TPI has a mechanism of action that allows it to be used in patients refractory to previous treatment with 5-fluorouracil. CONCLUSION The experts agreed with most of the proposed items on 3L treatment of mCRC, prioritizing therapeutic options that increase survival and preserve QoL, while facilitating the possibility that patients can continue to be treated later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar García-Alfonso
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/ Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ruth Vera
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elena Élez
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivera
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
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23
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Wirsik NM, Appel PC, Braun A, Strowitzki MJ, Schleussner N, Nienhüser H, Schneider M, Schmidt T. Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Improves Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancers. J Surg Res 2024; 298:176-184. [PMID: 38621351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAAS-I) have been shown to prolong overall survival in patients with liver metastasized colorectal cancer in combination with antiangiogenic treatment. The effects of RAAS-I combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on colorectal cancer liver metastasis remain unexplored. We aimed to study the response of patients undergoing liver resection to RAAS-I in combination with neoadjuvant therapy to elucidate their potential benefits. METHODS Between February 2005 and May 2012, 62 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for distant metastasis (cM1) and comparable computed tomography or magnetic resonance tomography scans in the Picture Archiving Communication System of our center before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Follow-up data and clinicopathological characteristics were collected from a prospective database and retrospectively investigated. The chemotherapeutic response to liver metastasis was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria 1.1. RESULTS Comparing the average reduction of measured lesions, a significant response to chemotherapy was detected in the patients receiving RAAS-I (n = 24) compared to those who did not (n = 38) (P = 0.031). Interestingly, the effect was more distinctive when the size reduction was compared between high responses with more than 50% size reduction of all measured lesions (P = 0.011). In the subgroup analysis of patients receiving bevacizumab treatment, high responses to chemotherapy were observed only in the RAAS-I cohort (28.6% versus 0%, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS For neoadjuvantly treated patients, concomitant antihypertensive treatment with RAAS-I showed a higher total size reduction of liver metastasis as a sign of treatment response, especially in combination with antiangiogenic treatment with bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naita M Wirsik
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pia C Appel
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Braun
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Henrik Nienhüser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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24
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Hans R, Sharma N, Tiwari M, Dwivedi S, Dwivedi S. Quality of Life in Locally Advanced Carcinoma Rectum Patients During Various Phases of NACRT: An Indian Perspective. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:276-287. [PMID: 38741630 PMCID: PMC11088610 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) including India, cancer patients have a poor prognosis because of late diagnosis and cases already grown to advanced stages, low cancer awareness and skewed cancer care facilities. In India, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked the 4th most common (6.4%) in males and the 5th most common (3.4%) in females. The improvement in the cure rate of rectal cancer has increased life expectancy, and assessment of the quality of life (QoL) in these patients has become a fundamental requirement. Little is known about how the patients perceive these adverse effects during curatively intended radiotherapy. Although studies have investigated the various adverse effects that can occur with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in carcinoma rectum patients, these have not yet been critically appraised and synopsized to form a comprehensive review of their prevalence and effects on QoL. The study was designed to explore the QoL issues in locally advanced carcinoma rectum patients during various phases of neoadjuvant concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (NACCRT). The study was performed over a period of 2 years at a single super speciality cancer hospital in North India. Patients were selected as per the inclusion criteria and followed up with a standard questionnaire incorporating various aspects depicting QoL. The interview technique was used for collecting QoL data at four points, at baseline, midway during treatment, at the end of treatment and 4 weeks after completion of NACCRT, using EORTC QLQ C30, for QLQ CR29. Special care was taken to avoid observer bias in cases of language issues, and interpreters' services were utilised, and compared with the baseline pre-treatment scores, patients reported a statistically significant and large clinically meaningful change in the global health status, social functioning, fatigue (FACIT-F), appetite loss, anxiety, sore skin and male and female sexual function at the post-treatment time point. Statistically significant changes with moderate clinically meaningful changes were reported for the functional scales-physical, role and emotional functioning of the QLQ C30 questionnaire and body image and weight of the CR29 questionnaire. Similar moderate clinical changes were found in the symptom scales-fatigue, nausea and vomiting, insomnia, constipation and diarrhoea of QLQ C30 and stool frequency, embarrassment with bowel function, impotence and dyspareunia. These parameters returned to almost the pre-treatment values after 4 weeks of completion of NACRT. Since QoL is a relatively subjective variable, differences in human race, culture, education and social environment will have impacts on the results. International cooperation is needed to study the QoL in patients with multiple cultural backgrounds. The existing QoL questionnaire tools have been designed with Western countries in mind, and we did face multiple social issues. We suggest that many similar multicentre studies shall be required to essentially tap the accurate QoL-related issues keeping in mind the diverse social, economic, racial and educational backgrounds. As we deal with the ever-increasing cancer menace and better life expectancy, QoL issues shall be a major determinant of treatment success besides primary treatment. These factors should form an integral part of treatment modality, and adequate counselling must be performed prior to initiation of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Hans
- Radiation Oncologist ,department of MDTC, Command Hospital SC Pune, Pune, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Present Address: Radiation Oncologist, Department of MDTC, CH EC, Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Manu Tiwari
- Radiation Oncologist Department of MDTC, CH EC KOLKATA, kolkata, India
| | - Surjeet Dwivedi
- Department of Surgery, Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore, 560007 India
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25
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Mahmood AS, Ahmed Abbas M, Gany Yassin A, Ahmed HA, Sabri S, Shakir AA, Abbas H, Ismail M. Evaluating Postoperative Prognosis: A Single Surgeon's Experience With Total Mesorectal Excision in Middle and Lower Rectal Cancer Cases in Iraq. Cureus 2024; 16:e62174. [PMID: 38993431 PMCID: PMC11238923 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical intervention for rectal cancer is widely recognized for its potential to significantly impact quality of life, chiefly due to the high probability of permanent colostomy and the associated postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes and morbidity associated with total mesorectal excision for middle and lower rectal cancer within an Iraqi cohort, in a prospective setting. METHODS This study prospectively collected and analyzed data from 89 patients who underwent a standardized radical rectal resection, with a follow-up period extending to one month post-surgery. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 54.4 ± 12.9 years, with a gender distribution of 46 males and 43 females. A total of 33 patients presented with preoperative comorbidities, which heightened the risk of adverse short-term outcomes by a factor of 7.51. The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension and diabetes mellitus, affecting 22 and 20 patients, respectively. Patients aged 60 years and above were at a 3.97 times greater risk of developing complications. The overall complication rate was 21.35%, with wound infections (9.0%) and cardiovascular events (3.4%) being the most common. Mortality during the follow-up was 1.1%. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that increased age and the presence of comorbidities are significant risk factors for morbidity and mortality post-surgery. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy was shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates while improving survival. The morbidity and mortality rates observed in this study concur with existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel S Mahmood
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ
| | | | - Ammar Gany Yassin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, IRQ
| | - Haider A Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Iraqi Board of Medical Specializations, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Samer Sabri
- Department of Surgery, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Ahmed A Shakir
- Department of Surgery, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Hussein Abbas
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Mustafa Ismail
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ
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Nguyen NT, Sennoune SR, Dharmalingam-Nandagopal G, Sivaprakasam S, Bhutia YD, Ganapathy V. Impact of Oncogenic Changes in p53 and KRAS on Macropinocytosis and Ferroptosis in Colon Cancer Cells and Anticancer Efficacy of Niclosamide with Differential Effects on These Two Processes. Cells 2024; 13:951. [PMID: 38891084 PMCID: PMC11171492 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in p53 and KRAS are seen in most cases of colon cancer. The impact of these mutations on signaling pathways related to cancer growth has been studied in depth, but relatively less is known on their effects on amino acid transporters in cancer cells. This represents a significant knowledge gap because amino acid nutrition in cancer cells profoundly influences macropinocytosis and ferroptosis, two processes with opposing effects on tumor growth. Here, we used isogenic colon cancer cell lines to investigate the effects of p53 deletion and KRAS activation on two amino acid transporters relevant to macropinocytosis (SLC38A5) and ferroptosis (SLC7A11). Our studies show that the predominant effect of p53 deletion is to induce SLC7A11 with the resultant potentiation of antioxidant machinery and protection of cancer cells from ferroptosis, whereas KRAS activation induces not only SLC7A11 but also SLC38A5, thus offering protection from ferroptosis as well as improving amino acid nutrition in cancer cells via accelerated macropinocytosis. Niclosamide, an FDA-approved anti-helminthic, blocks the functions of SLC7A11 and SLC38A5, thus inducing ferroptosis and suppressing macropinocytosis, with the resultant effective reversal of tumor-promoting actions of oncogenic changes in p53 and KRAS. These findings underscore the potential of this drug in colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vadivel Ganapathy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (N.T.N.); (S.R.S.); (G.D.-N.); (S.S.); (Y.D.B.)
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Yu Y, Wu H, Qiu J, Wu S, Gan Y, Shao L, Lin C, Hong L, Wu J. Analysis of risk characteristics for early progression and late progression in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: a large population-based and validated study. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:340. [PMID: 38733415 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore the factors influencing early progression (EP) and late progression (LP) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. METHODS The patients were classified into EP and LP groups using one year as a cutoff. The random survival forest model was utilized to calculate the probability of time-to-progression. Besides, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) were conducted to validate our results. RESULTS Our study revealed that PNI, CEA level, and pathological stage were independent prognostic factors for PFS both in EP group and LP group. For EP group patients, Group 1 had the highest probability of progression at the 9th month of follow-up, while Group 2 exhibited the highest probability at the 6th month. Group 3, on the other hand, showed two peaks of progression at the 4th and 8th months of follow-up. As for LP group patients, Groups 4, 5, and 6 all exhibited peaks of progression between the 18th and 24th months of follow-up. Furthermore, our results suggested that PNI was also an independent prognostic factor affecting OS in both EP group and LP group. Finally, the analysis of IPTW and SEER database further confirmed our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated a significant correlation between immune and nutritional status with PFS and OS in both EP and LP groups. These insights can aid healthcare professionals in effectively identifying and evaluating patients' nutritional status, enabling them to develop tailored nutrition plans and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianjian Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shiji Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yixiu Gan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lingdong Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Junxin Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Xu H, Zhang H, Sun S, Zhang J, Huo J, Zhou C. Integrated Analysis of CD1A Immune Infiltration and Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in COAD. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2037-2053. [PMID: 38751492 PMCID: PMC11095400 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s455546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The CD1A gene, a key component of the human immune system and part of the CD1 family, plays a crucial role in presenting lipid antigens to T cells. Abnormal CD1A expression is associated with various immune-related diseases and tumors. However, the biological function of CD1A in COAD is unclear. Methods Multiple databases were systematically employed to conduct an analysis of CD1A expression in pan-cancer and COAD, along with its clinical-pathological features. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses of CD1A were performed using the 'clusterProfiler' package. The Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of CD1A was used the STRING database. Additionally, TIMER and ssGSEA tools were used to explore the relationship between CD1A expression in COAD and immune cell infiltration. The study also investigated the association between CD1A expression and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification genes in the TCGA COAD cohort and constructed a CD1A-centric competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network. Results CD1A displays varying expression levels in various tumors, including COAD, and is closely linked to clinical-pathological characteristics. GO analysis suggests that CD1A plays a role in important processes like antigen processing and presentation, leukocyte-mediated immunity, and lymphocyte-mediated immunity. KEGG analysis identifies CD1A's involvement in key pathways such as the Chemokine signaling pathway and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. PPI analysis highlights CD1A's interactions with CD207, CD1C, CD1E, FOXP3, and ITGB2. ssGSEA analysis indicates a significant relationship between CD1A expression and the infiltration of various immune cells in COAD. Significant associations were found between CD1A and m6A modification genes in COAD. Furthermore, a CD1A-centered ceRNA regulatory network has been constructed. Conclusion CD1A emerges as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of COAD, showing a strong association with tumor immune infiltration, m6A modification, and the ceRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houxi Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongqun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songxian Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiege Huo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxiang Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Mendoza-Moreno F, Díez-Alonso M, Matías-García B, Ovejero-Merino E, Vera-Mansilla C, Quiroga-Valcárcel A, Blázquez-Martín A, Jiménez-Martín R, Lasa-Unzúe I, Ortega MA, Alvarez-Mon M, Gutiérrez-Calvo A. Effect of Tumor Regression Grade on Survival and Disease-Free Interval in Patients Operated on for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1797. [PMID: 38791875 PMCID: PMC11119053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women in our population. In this regard, rectal cancer accounts for more than half of colorectal cancer deaths, and its incidence is expected to increase in the coming years. There have been significant changes in neoadjuvant therapy regimens, with promising results, as demonstrated by the recent RAPIDO and PRODIGE23 studies. Around 40% of patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer show some degree of response to neoadjuvant treatment, with complete tumor regression observed in up to one in five patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective observational study. A total of 181 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery were analyzed. Clinical and pathological data were collected from the patients, including assessment of tumor regression through histopathological studies after surgery. The Mandard tumor regression grading system was used to categorize tumor response into different grades. RESULTS The results showed a significant association between the degree of tumor regression and several important clinical outcomes. Specifically, patients with higher tumor regression had significantly better disease-free survival than those with less regression (p = 0.004). In addition, tumor regression was also correlated with the incidence of local recurrence (p = 0.018) and distant metastasis (p = 0.032). These associations suggest that tumor responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy may influence the long-term progression of the disease. Regarding tumor deposits and the presence of lymphadenopathy, these factors were also found to be significantly associated with clinical outcomes. Patients with tumor deposits had a higher incidence of local recurrence (p = 0.025) and distant metastases (p = 0.041), while the presence of lymphadenopathy increased the risk of local recurrence (p = 0.013). These findings highlight the importance of evaluating not only tumor regression but also other pathological markers to predict prognosis and guide clinical management. CONCLUSIONS The degree of tumor regression was not an independent predictor of survival compared to other variables such as nodal stage and presence of tumor deposits. This indicates that while tumor regression is an important factor, other elements also play a crucial role in determining the prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. This study provides additional evidence for the importance of tumor regression, tumor deposits, and lymphadenopathy as predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Mendoza-Moreno
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Manuel Díez-Alonso
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Belén Matías-García
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Enrique Ovejero-Merino
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Cristina Vera-Mansilla
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Ana Quiroga-Valcárcel
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Alma Blázquez-Martín
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Rubén Jiménez-Martín
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Inmaculada Lasa-Unzúe
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Alberto Gutiérrez-Calvo
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (E.O.-M.); (C.V.-M.); (A.Q.-V.); (A.B.-M.); (R.J.-M.); (I.L.-U.); (A.G.-C.)
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Olafimihan A, Obomanu E, Cuartas-Mesa MC, Turk E, Fawehinmi P, Olatunji G, Kokori E, Aderinto N, Shaka H, Mba B, Mullane M. Trends and disparities in colorectal cancer hospitalizations and outcomes: a 10-year joinpoint trend study. Proc AMIA Symp 2024; 37:535-542. [PMID: 38910805 PMCID: PMC11188818 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2024.2346404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant burden on healthcare systems globally. Sociodemographic factors intricately influence CRC epidemiology, yet their impact on inpatient care remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess trends in CRC hospitalization and the effect of sociodemographic factors on outcomes of CRC patients. Methods A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample. Trends in CRC admissions were assessed, stratified by sociodemographic variables. Disparities in hospital-associated outcomes were examined. Statistical methods included multivariable regression and joinpoint regression analysis. Results The prevalence of CRC hospitalizations uptrended from 760 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2010 to 841 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2019 (P trend < 0.001). The mean age decreased from 67 to 66 years (P < 0.001). Male gender and White race were predominant across the study period. Inpatient mortality decreased from 4.5% in 2010 to 4.16% in 2019 (P trend = 0.033). On sex subgroup analysis, men had a significantly higher mortality rate (P = 0.034). Racially, Blacks had the highest mortality rate (P = 0.550) and only Whites showed a significant decline in mortality over the study period (P = 0.003). Hospitalization length decreased while total hospital charges increased. Conclusion Our study highlights sociodemographic disparities in CRC outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address inequity in screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Continued research is needed to inform effective healthcare practices in mitigating these disparities and improving survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayobami Olafimihan
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elvis Obomanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jefferson-Einstein Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Ekrem Turk
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Praise Fawehinmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA
| | - Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Kokori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria
| | - Hafeez Shaka
- Department of General Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benjamin Mba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael Mullane
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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31
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McAuliffe T, Anderson JC, Larson RJ, Robertson DJ. Systematic scoping review: Use of the faecal immunochemical test residual buffer to enhance colorectal cancer screening. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1033-1048. [PMID: 38534182 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) is an inexpensive and convenient modality to screen for colorectal cancer. However, its one-time sensitivity for detecting colorectal cancer and cancer precursors is limited. There is growing interest in using the non-haemoglobin contents of FIT residual buffer to enhance colonic neoplasia detection. AIM To establish from the literature a framework to catalogue candidate biomarkers within FIT residual buffer for non-invasive colorectal cancer screening. METHODS The search strategy evaluated PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar for publications through 25 October 2023, with search terms including FIT, buffer, OC-sensor, biomarkers, microbiome, microRNA (miR), colon, rectum, screening, neoplasm, and early detection. Studies employing home-based collection samples using quantitative FIT first processed for haemoglobin were included. One author reviewed all articles; a second author completed a 20% full-text audit to ensure adherence to eligibility criteria. RESULTS A broad search yielded 1669 studies and application of eligibility criteria identified 18 relevant studies. Multiple protein, DNA/RNA, and microbiome biomarkers (notably haptoglobin, miR-16, miR-27a-3p, miR-92a, miR-148a-3p, miR-223, miR-421, let-7b-5p, and Tyzzerella 4) were associated with colorectal neoplasia. Furthermore, studies highlighted the short-term stability of biomarkers for clinical use and long-term stability for research purposes. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review summarises the framework and progress of research on stability of biomarkers in FIT residual buffer and their associations with colorectal neoplasia to guide opportunities for further confirmatory studies to enhance colorectal cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph C Anderson
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA
| | - Robin J Larson
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Douglas J Robertson
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA
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Cicalini I, Chiarelli AM, Chiacchiaretta P, Perpetuini D, Rosa C, Mastrodicasa D, d'Annibale M, Trebeschi S, Serafini FL, Cocco G, Narciso M, Corvino A, Cinalli S, Genovesi D, Lanuti P, Valentinuzzi S, Pieragostino D, Brocco D, Beets-Tan RGH, Tinari N, Sensi SL, Stuppia L, Del Boccio P, Caulo M, Delli Pizzi A. Multi-omics staging of locally advanced rectal cancer predicts treatment response: a pilot study. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2024; 129:712-726. [PMID: 38538828 PMCID: PMC11088547 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-024-01811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Treatment response assessment of rectal cancer patients is a critical component of personalized cancer care and it allows to identify suitable candidates for organ-preserving strategies. This pilot study employed a novel multi-omics approach combining MRI-based radiomic features and untargeted metabolomics to infer treatment response at staging. The metabolic signature highlighted how tumor cell viability is predictively down-regulated, while the response to oxidative stress was up-regulated in responder patients, showing significantly reduced oxoproline values at baseline compared to non-responder patients (p-value < 10-4). Tumors with a high degree of texture homogeneity, as assessed by radiomics, were more likely to achieve a major pathological response (p-value < 10-3). A machine learning classifier was implemented to summarize the multi-omics information and discriminate responders and non-responders. Combining all available radiomic and metabolomic features, the classifier delivered an AUC of 0.864 (± 0.083, p-value < 10-3) with a best-point sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 81.8%. Our results suggest that a multi-omics approach, integrating radiomics and metabolomic data, can enhance the predictive value of standard MRI and could help to avoid unnecessary surgical treatments and their associated long-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cicalini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Chiarelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - David Perpetuini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Consuelo Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Martina d'Annibale
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Trebeschi
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giulio Cocco
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Unit of Ultrasound in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Narciso
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Corvino
- Medical, Movement and Wellbeing Sciences Department, Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cinalli
- Division of Pathology, ASST of Valtellina and Alto Lario, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Domenico Genovesi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Valentinuzzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Brocco
- Clinical Oncology Unit, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Regina G H Beets-Tan
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Delli Pizzi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
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Tito RY, Verbandt S, Aguirre Vazquez M, Lahti L, Verspecht C, Lloréns-Rico V, Vieira-Silva S, Arts J, Falony G, Dekker E, Reumers J, Tejpar S, Raes J. Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge predicted microbial targets in colorectal cancer development. Nat Med 2024; 30:1339-1348. [PMID: 38689063 PMCID: PMC11108775 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in cancer microbiome research, recognized confounders and advances in absolute microbiome quantification remain underused; this raises concerns regarding potential spurious associations. Here we study the fecal microbiota of 589 patients at different colorectal cancer (CRC) stages and compare observations with up to 15 published studies (4,439 patients and controls total). Using quantitative microbiome profiling based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, combined with rigorous confounder control, we identified transit time, fecal calprotectin (intestinal inflammation) and body mass index as primary microbial covariates, superseding variance explained by CRC diagnostic groups. Well-established microbiome CRC targets, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, did not significantly associate with CRC diagnostic groups (healthy, adenoma and carcinoma) when controlling for these covariates. In contrast, the associations of Anaerococcus vaginalis, Dialister pneumosintes, Parvimonas micra, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Prevotella intermedia remained robust, highlighting their future target potential. Finally, control individuals (age 22-80 years, mean 57.7 years, standard deviation 11.3) meeting criteria for colonoscopy (for example, through a positive fecal immunochemical test) but without colonic lesions are enriched for the dysbiotic Bacteroides2 enterotype, emphasizing uncertainties in defining healthy controls in cancer microbiome research. Together, these results indicate the importance of quantitative microbiome profiling and covariate control for biomarker identification in CRC microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Y Tito
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Verbandt
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Aguirre Vazquez
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leo Lahti
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Chloe Verspecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Verónica Lloréns-Rico
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Systems Biology of Host-Microbiome Interactions Laboratory, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Janine Arts
- Oncology, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke Reumers
- Therapeutics Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium.
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Samykannu G, Mariyappan N, Natarajan J. Molecular interaction and MD-simulations: investigation of Sizofiran as a promising anti-cancer agent targeting eIF4E in colorectal cancer. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:33. [PMID: 38655099 PMCID: PMC11033251 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
CRC has a major global health impact due to high mortality rates. CRC shows high expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF4E) protein, the rapid development of lung, bladder, colon, prostate, breast, head, and neck cancer is attributed to the dysregulation of eIF4E making an important target for treatment. Targeting eIF4E-mediated translation is a promising anti-cancer strategy. Many organic compounds that inhibit eIF4E are being studied clinically. The compound Sizofiran has emerged as a promising eIF4E inhibitor candidate, but its exact mechanism of action is unclear. In an effort to close this discrepancy by clarifying the mechanism of the interactions between phytochemical substances and eIF4E, molecular docking and dynamics studies were conducted. Molecular docking studies found Sizofiran (- 12.513 kcal/mol) has the most affinity eIF4E binding energy out of 93 phytochemicals, 5 current drugs, and 4 known inhibitors. This positions it as a top eIF4E inhibitor candidate. An alignment of eIF4E protein sequences from multiple pathogens revealed that the glutamate103 interacting residues are evolutionarily conserved across the different eIF4E proteins. Further insights from 100 ns of MD simulations supported Sizofiran having superior stability and eIF4E inhibition compared to reference compounds. Designed Sizofiran-related compounds showed better activity than the current drugs such as Camptosar, Sorafenib, Regorafenib, Doxorubicin, and Kenpaullone, indicating strong potential to suppress CRC progression by targeting eIF4E. This research aims to significantly aid development of improved eIF4E-targeting drugs for cancer treatment. Graphical abstract Showing the Graphical abstract of the complete study. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-024-00206-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Samykannu
- Data Mining and Text Mining Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TamilNadu India
| | - Nandhini Mariyappan
- Molecular Modelling and Designing Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TamilNadu India
| | - Jeyakumar Natarajan
- Data Mining and Text Mining Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TamilNadu India
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Tian H, Yu JL, Chu X, Guan Q, Liu J, Liu Y. Unraveling the role of C1GALT1 in abnormal glycosylation and colorectal cancer progression. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1389713. [PMID: 38699634 PMCID: PMC11063370 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1389713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
C1GALT1 plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression through its involvement in various molecular mechanisms. This enzyme is central to the O-glycosylation process, producing tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) like Tn and sTn, which are linked to cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. The interaction between C1GALT1 and core 3 synthase is crucial for the synthesis of core 3 O-glycans, essential for gastrointestinal health and mucosal barrier integrity. Aberrations in this pathway can lead to CRC development. Furthermore, C1GALT1's function is significantly influenced by its molecular chaperone, Cosmc, which is necessary for the proper folding of T-synthase. Dysregulation in this complex interaction contributes to abnormal O-glycan regulation, facilitating cancer progression. Moreover, C1GALT1 affects downstream signaling pathways and cellular behaviors, such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), by modifying O-glycans on key receptors like FGFR2, enhancing cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic potential. Additionally, the enzyme's relationship with MUC1, a mucin protein with abnormal glycosylation in CRC, highlights its role in cancer cell immune evasion and metastasis. Given these insights, targeting C1GALT1 presents a promising therapeutic strategy for CRC, necessitating further research to develop targeted inhibitors or activators. Future efforts should also explore C1GALT1's potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response monitoring in CRC, alongside investigating combination therapies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tian
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Li Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoli Chu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Guan
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yoshida N, Suzuki S, Inoue K, Aniwan S, Chiu HM, Laohavichitra K, Chirapongsathorn S, Yamamura T, Kuo CY, Ang TL, Takezawa T, Rerknimitr R, Ishikawa H. Analysis of the Characteristics of Coexisting Lesions in Colorectal Cancer Patients in an International Study: A Subgroup Analysis of the ATLAS Trial. Digestion 2024; 105:280-290. [PMID: 38631318 DOI: 10.1159/000538955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated coexisting lesion types in patients with invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) in a multinational study for comprehending the adenoma-carcinoma and serrated pathway about the development of CRC. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 3,050 patients enrolled in the international randomized controlled trial (ATLAS study) to evaluate the colorectal polyp detection performance of image-enhanced endoscopy in 11 institutions in four Asian countries/regions. In the current study, as a subgroup analysis of the ATLAS study, 92 CRC patients were extracted and compared to 2,958 patients without CRC to examine the effects of age, sex, and coexisting lesion types (high-grade adenoma [HGA], low-grade adenoma with villous component [LGAV], 10 adenomas, adenoma ≥10 mm, sessile serrated lesions [SSLs], and SSLs with dysplasia [SSLD]). Additional analyses of coexisting lesion types were performed according to sex and location of CRC (right- or left-sided). RESULTS A multivariate analysis showed that HGA (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 4.29 [2.16-8.18]; p < 0.01), LGAV (3.02 [1.16-7.83], p = 0.02), and age (1.04 [1.01-1.06], p = 0.01) were independently associated with CRC. According to sex, the coexisting lesion types significantly associated with CRC were LGAV (5.58 [1.94-16.0], p < 0.01) and HGA (4.46 [1.95-10.20], p < 0.01) in males and HGA (4.82 [1.47-15.80], p < 0.01) in females. Regarding the location of CRC, SSLD (21.9 [1.31-365.0], p = 0.03) was significant for right-sided CRC, and HGA (5.22 [2.39-11.4], p < 0.01) and LGAV (3.46 [1.13-10.6], p = 0.02) were significant for left-sided CRC. CONCLUSIONS The significant coexisting lesions in CRC differed according to sex and location. These findings may contribute to comprehending the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan,
| | - Sho Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satimai Aniwan
- Center of Excellence in Endoscopy for Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Sakkarin Chirapongsathorn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takeshi Yamamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chen-Ya Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takahito Takezawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Center of Excellence in Endoscopy for Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hideki Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Cancer Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Shah ET, Molloy C, Gough M, Kryza T, Samuel SG, Tucker A, Bhatia M, Ferguson G, Heyman R, Vora S, Monkman J, Bolderson E, Kulasinghe A, He Y, Gabrielli B, Hooper JD, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ, Adams MN. Inhibition of Aurora B kinase (AURKB) enhances the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy against colorectal cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1196-1205. [PMID: 38287178 PMCID: PMC10991355 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a core component of systemic therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, response rates remain low, and development of therapy resistance is a primary issue. Combinatorial strategies employing a second agent to augment the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy is predicted to reduce the incidence of treatment resistance and increase the durability of response to therapy. METHODS Here, we employed quantitative proteomics approaches to identify novel druggable proteins and molecular pathways that are deregulated in response to 5-FU, which might serve as targets to improve sensitivity to chemotherapy. Drug combinations were evaluated using 2D and 3D CRC cell line models and an ex vivo culture model of a patient-derived tumour. RESULTS Quantitative proteomics identified upregulation of the mitosis-associated protein Aurora B (AURKB), within a network of upregulated proteins, in response to a 24 h 5-FU treatment. In CRC cell lines, AURKB inhibition with the dihydrogen phosphate prodrug AZD1152, markedly improved the potency of 5-FU in 2D and 3D in vitro CRC models. Sequential treatment with 5-FU then AZD1152 also enhanced the response of a patient-derived CRC cells to 5-FU in ex vivo cultures. CONCLUSIONS AURKB inhibition may be a rational approach to augment the effectiveness of 5-FU chemotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha T Shah
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Christopher Molloy
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Madeline Gough
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Selwin G Samuel
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Amos Tucker
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Maneet Bhatia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Genevieve Ferguson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Heyman
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Shivam Vora
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - James Monkman
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Brian Gabrielli
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Mark N Adams
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Nie T, Wu F, Heng Y, Cai W, Liu Z, Qin L, Cao Y, Zheng C. Influence of skeletal muscle and intermuscular fat on postoperative complications and long-term survival in rectal cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:702-717. [PMID: 38293722 PMCID: PMC10995272 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The body composition of patients with rectal cancer potentially affects postoperative outcomes. This study explored the correlations between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue quantified by computed tomography (CT) with postoperative complications and long-term prognosis in patients with rectal cancer after surgical resection. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients with rectal cancer who underwent surgical resection at the Wuhan Union Hospital between 2014 and 2018. CT images within 3 months prior to the surgery were used to quantify the indices of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue at the levels of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) and umbilicus. Optimal cut-off values for each index were defined separately for males and females. Associations between body composition and postoperative complications, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using logistic and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We included 415 patients (240 males and 175 females; mean age: 57.8 ± 10.5 years). At the L3 level, a high skeletal muscle density (SMD; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.357, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.191-0.665, P = 0.001; HR: 0.571, 95% CI: 0.329-0.993, P = 0.047) and a high skeletal muscle index (SMI; HR: 0.435, 95% CI 0.254-0.747, P = 0.003; HR: 0.568, 95% CI: 0.359-0.897, P = 0.015) were independent prognostic factors for better OS and DFS. At the umbilical level, a large intermuscular fat area (IMFA; HR: 1.904, 95% CI: 1.068-3.395, P = 0.029; HR: 2.064, 95% CI: 1.299-3.280, P = 0.002) was an independent predictive factor for worse OS and DFS, and a high SMI (HR: 0.261, 95% CI: 0.132-0.517, P < 0.001; HR: 0.595, 95% CI: 0.387-0.913, P = 0.018) was an independent prognostic factor for better OS and DFS. The models combining body composition and clinical indicators had good predictive abilities for OS. The receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve were 0.848 and 0.860 at the L3 and umbilical levels, respectively (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No correlations existed between CT-quantified body composition parameters and postoperative complications. However, a high SMD and high SMI were significantly associated with longer OS and DFS at the L3 level, whereas a large IMFA and low SMI were associated with worse OS and DFS at the umbilical level. Combining CT-quantified body composition and clinical indicators could help physicians predict the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Nie
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
| | - Feihong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
| | - Yixin Heng
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi UniversityShiheziChina
| | - Wentai Cai
- The First Clinical School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | | | - Le Qin
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi UniversityShiheziChina
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yinghao Cao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingWuhanChina
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Yang CH, Li XY, Lv JJ, Hou MJ, Zhang RH, Guo H, Feng C. Temporal Trends of Asthma Among Children in the Western Pacific Region From 1990 to 2045: Longitudinal Observational Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e55327. [PMID: 38483459 PMCID: PMC10979332 DOI: 10.2196/55327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma has become one of the most common chronic conditions worldwide, especially among children. Recent findings show that the prevalence of childhood asthma has increased by 12.6% over the past 30 years, with >262 million people currently affected globally. The reasons for the growing asthma epidemic remain complex and multifactorial. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of the changing global and regional asthma prevalence, mortality, disability, and risk factors among children aged <20 years by leveraging the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Findings from this study can help inform priority areas for intervention to alleviate the rising burden of childhood asthma globally. METHODS The study used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, concentrating on children aged 0 to 14 years with asthma. We conducted an in-depth analysis of asthma, including its age-standardized prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), across diverse demographics, such as region, age, sex, and sociodemographic index, spanning 1990 to 2019. We also projected the future burden of the disease. RESULTS Overall, in the Western Pacific Region, the age-standardized prevalence rate of asthma among children increased slightly, from 3898.4 cases per 100,000 people in 1990 to 3924 per 100,000 in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate of asthma also increased slightly, from 979.2 to 994.9 per 100,000. In contrast, the age-standardized death rate of asthma decreased from 0.9 to 0.4 per 100,000 and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 234.9 to 189.7 per 100,000. At the country level, Japan experienced a considerable decrease in the age-standardized prevalence rate of asthma among children, from 6669.1 per 100,000 in 1990 to 5071.5 per 100,000 in 2019. Regarding DALYs, Japan exhibited a notable reduction, from 300.6 to 207.6 per 100,000. Malaysia also experienced a DALY rate reduction, from 188.4 to 163.3 per 100,000 between 1990 and 2019. We project that the burden of disease in countries other than Japan and the Philippines will remain relatively stable up to 2045. CONCLUSIONS The study indicates an increase in the prevalence and incidence of pediatric asthma, coupled with a decrease in mortality and DALYs in the Western Pacific Region between 1990 and 2019. These intricate phenomena appear to result from a combination of lifestyle shifts, environmental influences, and barriers to health care access. The findings highlight that nations such as Japan have achieved notable success in managing asthma. Overall, the study identified areas of improvement in view of persistent disease burden, underscoring the need for comprehensive collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of pediatric asthma throughout the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jie Lv
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Jie Hou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru-Hong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Ebrahimi P, Karami M, Delavari S, Shojaie L, Hosseini-Berneti SH, Bayani F, Moghaddasi M, Babazade O, Nikbakht HA. Investigating the mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers in Babol, North Iran (2013-2021). BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:100. [PMID: 38448828 PMCID: PMC10916231 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM This study aims to examine the mortality rate and trend of gastrointestinal cancers, particularly gastric cancer, as the leading cause of death among cancers in northern Iran over a 9-year period. In light of the changing incidence and mortality rates of cancer in Iran and around the world, the importance of these diseases in people's lives, and the necessity of updating and monitoring the trend of cancer mortality, we have decided to report on the mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers, based on crude and age-standardized rates. METHOD This study is a cross-sectional examination of deaths caused by gastrointestinal cancers in Babol city, Iran, between 2013 and 2021. Data was collected from the cause of death registration and classification system of Babol University of Medical Sciences. Population estimation was obtained from the latest census reports. The crude and age-standardized mortality rates and trends of the cancers were calculated. RESULTS Overall, there were 1345 deaths from gastrointestinal cancers with an average age of 69.11 ± 14.25 years. The crude and age-standardized rates of these cancers rose from 24.1 to 20.1 per hundred thousand people in 2012 to 29.5 and 25.5 per hundred thousand people, respectively. This trend became more prevalent significantly with the increase of each decade of age for both men (P-value Trend = 0.002) and women (P-value Trend = 0.012). An analysis of gastrointestinal cancers revealed a decreasing trend for cancers of the small intestine, an increasing trend for cancers of the colon, pancreas, and gallbladder, and a stable trend for the remaining cancers over the study period. CONCLUSION The age-standardized rate and the number of gastrointestinal cancers is rising, highlighting the importance of preventative measures such as screening, increasing public awareness, and appropriate diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohsen Karami
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sahar Delavari
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, , Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Division of GI/Liver, Department of Medicine, Keck school of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Fatemeh Bayani
- Department of Health, Health Systems Research, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moghaddasi
- Department of Health, Health Systems Research, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ozra Babazade
- Department of Health, Health Systems Research, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Santucci C, Mignozzi S, Malvezzi M, Boffetta P, Collatuzzo G, Levi F, La Vecchia C, Negri E. European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2024 with focus on colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:308-316. [PMID: 38286716 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We predicted cancer mortality figures for 2024 for the European Union (EU), its five most populous countries, and the UK. We focused on mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on cancer death certification and population data from the World Health Organization and Eurostat databases from 1970 until the most available year, we predicted deaths and age-standardized rates (ASRs) for 2024 for all cancers and the 10 most common cancer sites. We fitted a linear regression to the most recent trend segment identified by the joinpoint model. The number of avoided deaths since the peak in 1988-2024 was estimated for all cancers and CRC. RESULTS We predicted 1 270 800 cancer deaths for 2024 in the EU, corresponding to ASRs of 123.2/100 000 men (-6.5% versus 2018) and 79.0/100 000 women (-4.3%). Since 1988, about 6.2 million cancer deaths have been avoided in the EU and 1.3 million in the UK. Pancreatic cancer displayed unfavorable predicted rates for both sexes (+1.6% in men and +4.0% in women) and lung cancer for women (+0.3%). The focus on CRC showed falls in mortality at all ages in the EU, by 4.8% for men and 9.5% for women since 2018. The largest declines in CRC mortality are predicted among those 70+ years old. In the UK, projected ASRs for CRC at all ages are favorable for men (-3.4% versus 2018) but not for women (+0.3%). Below age 50 years, CRC mortality showed unfavorable trends in Italy and the UK, in Poland and Spain for men, and in Germany for women. CONCLUSIONS Predicted cancer mortality rates remain favorable in the EU and the UK, mainly in males due to earlier smoking cessation compared to females, underlining the persisting major role of tobacco on cancer mortality in Europe. Attention should be paid to the predicted increases in CRC mortality in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan
| | - S Mignozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan
| | - M Malvezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - P Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan.
| | - E Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Zhang Y, Dong L, Dai X, Huang Y, Gao Y, Wang F. Modulation of intestinal metabolites by calorie restriction and its association with gut microbiota in a xenograft model of colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:46. [PMID: 38386206 PMCID: PMC10884396 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor, and its occurrence and development are closely related to dysbiosis of gut microbes. Previously, we found calorie restriction altered the composition of the microbial community in a colorectal cancer mouse model and inhibited in vivo growth of CRC cells. Here, we aim to further investigate alteration in the intestinal metabolites and explore the interplay between gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites upon calorie restriction. METHODS Human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells were used to establish a colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model. The changes of intestinal metabolites in the ad libitum group and calorie restriction group were investigated through untargeted metabolomics analysis. The integrative analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites to elucidate the associations between gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites. RESULTS Compared with the mice in the ad libitum group, mice upon calorie restriction exhibited downregulation of Isoleucyl-Valine, and upregulation of D-Proline, 1-Palmitoylphosphatidylcholine, and 4-Trimethylammoniobutanoic acid. Additionally, an integrative analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites revealed that Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides and rC4-4 genus were upregulated in the calorie restriction group and positively correlated with D-Proline, 4-Trimethylammoniobutanoic acid or 1-Palmitoylphosphatidylcholine, while negatively correlated with Isoleucyl-Valine. In contrast, the Nitrospirae and Deferribacteres phylum exhibited opposite trends. CONCLUSION Calorie restriction affects the abundance of gut microbes such as Nitrospirae phylum and Lactobacillus genus in mouse model of colorectal cancer, leading to changes in the metabolites such as D-Proline、Isoleucyl-Valine, which contributes to the suppression of in vivo growth of CRC by calorie restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Lintao Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingchen Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
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Wang B, Ling D, Li L, Zhang J, Xu J. Impact of preoperative white blood cell count on outcomes in different stage colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgical resection: a single-institution retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:242. [PMID: 38383340 PMCID: PMC10882932 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11983-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the association between preoperative WBC count and the long-term survival outcomes and clinical outcomes in different stage patients who underwent surgical resection for colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A cohort of 8121 Chinese patients who underwent surgical resection for CRC from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2014 were enrolled as part of the retrospective cohort were retrospectively analyzed. Based on that the preoperative WBC optimal cut-off value was 7*109/L (7,000/µL), the high preoperative WBC group and the low preoperative WBC group was defined. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score was used to reduce confounding. The impact of preoperative WBC count on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Univariate Cox proportional hazards models in different stage subgroup respectively. RESULTS After IPTW, the clinical characters in the high preoperative WBC count group and the low preoperative WBC count group were balanced. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 5-year OS rate were significantly lower in the high preoperative WBC count group overall, in stage II and IV. The 5-year DFS rate was significantly lower overall, in stage II and III in the high preoperative WBC count group. High preoperative WBC count was associated with poorer OS overall in stage II and stage IV. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that preoperative WBC count is an independent risk factor for survival in patients undergoing colorectal surgery and may need to consider the stage of cancer when applied to predict long-term adverse outcome prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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Gao J, Liu Y. Prediction and the influencing factor study of colorectal cancer hospitalization costs in China based on machine learning-random forest and support vector regression: a retrospective study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1211220. [PMID: 38389946 PMCID: PMC10881792 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1211220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims As people's standard of living improves, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing, and colorectal cancer hospitalization costs are relatively high. Therefore, predicting the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer patients can provide guidance for controlling healthcare costs and for the development of related policies. Methods This study used the first page of medical record data on colorectal cancer inpatient cases of a tertiary first-class hospital in Shenzhen from 2018 to 2022. The impacting factors of hospitalization costs for colorectal cancer were analyzed. Random forest and support vector regression models were used to establish predictive models of the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer patients and to compare and evaluate. Results In colorectal cancer inpatients, major procedures, length of stay, level of procedure, Charlson comorbidity index, age, and medical payment method were the important influencing factors. In terms of the test set, the R2 of the Random forest model was 0.833, the R2 of the Support vector regression model was 0.824; the root mean square error (RMSE) of the Random forest model was 0.029, and the RMSE of the Support vector regression model was 0.032. In the Random Forest model, the weight of the major procedure was the highest (0.286). Conclusion Major procedures and length of stay have the greatest impacts on hospital costs for colorectal cancer patients. The random forest model is a better method to predict the hospitalization costs for colorectal cancer patients than the support vector regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Healthy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Berbecka M, Berbecki M, Gliwa AM, Szewc M, Sitarz R. Managing Colorectal Cancer from Ethology to Interdisciplinary Treatment: The Gains and Challenges of Modern Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2032. [PMID: 38396715 PMCID: PMC10889298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, which has become a serious threat to human health worldwide. This article exhaustively reviews colorectal cancer's incidence and relevance, carcinogenesis molecular pathways, up-to-date treatment opportunities, prophylaxis, and screening program achievements, with attention paid to its regional variations and changes over time. This paper provides a concise overview of known CRC risk factors, including familial, hereditary, and environmental lifestyle-related risk factors. The authors take a closer look into CRC's molecular genetic pathways and the role of specific enzymes involved in carcinogenesis. Moreover, the role of the general practitioner and multidisciplinary approach in CRC treatment is summarized and highlighted based on recent recommendations and experience. This article gives a clear understanding and review of the gains and challenges of modern medicine towards CRC. The authors believe that understanding the current patterns of CRC and its revolution is imperative to the prospects of reducing its burden through cancer prevention and cancer-adjusted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Berbecka
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Maciej Berbecki
- General Surgery Ward, Independent Health Center in Kraśnik, 23-200 Kraśnik, Poland;
| | - Anna Maria Gliwa
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Monika Szewc
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.G.)
- I Department of Surgical Oncology, Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region, St. Jana z Dukli, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Briggs NL, Ton M, Malen RC, Reedy AM, Cohen SA, Phipps AI, Burnett-Hartman AN, Newcomb PA. Colorectal cancer pre-diagnostic symptoms are associated with anatomic cancer site. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:65. [PMID: 38317073 PMCID: PMC10845784 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signs and red flag symptoms in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who are below the recommended screening age are often overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and worse prognosis. This study investigates how patient pre-diagnostic symptoms are associated with anatomic site of their cancer and whether the association varies by age at CRC diagnosis. METHODS We ascertained CRC patients' experienced symptoms and screening through medical abstractions from an ongoing population-based study of CRC patients identified through a SEER cancer registry (N = 626). We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between symptoms and CRC anatomic site. Additional analyses were stratified by age at diagnosis. Early-onset was defined as less than 50 years of age at CRC diagnosis. RESULTS Participants who experienced blood in stool were more likely (odds ratio (95% confidence interval)) to have rectal (vs. colon) cancer (4.37 (3.02, 6.33)), as were patients who experienced changes to stool (1.78 (1.21, 2.60)). Patients diagnosed with colon cancer were more likely to present with abdominal pain (0.30 (0.19, 0.47)), anemia (0.40 (0.21, 0.75)), other symptoms (0.33 (0.19, 0.55)) and no symptoms (0.68 (0.44, 1.04)). When stratifying by age at diagnosis, we found that the association between blood in stool and rectal tumor location was particularly pronounced for patients with early-onset CRC (6.48 (2.73, 15.41)). CONCLUSIONS Common pre-diagnostic red flag symptoms are associated with CRC anatomic site. These findings can inform best practices for gastroenterologist triage of care and early evaluation of CRC and are of key importance given the rise of early-onset (pre-screening age) CRC. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable to this study and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Briggs
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, UW Box #351619, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Mimi Ton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, UW Box #351619, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Rachel C Malen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Adriana M Reedy
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stacey A Cohen
- Division of Oncology, University of Washington, 825 Eastlake Ave E, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, UW Box #351619, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Andrea N Burnett-Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, UW Box #351619, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, 2550 S Parker Rd, Aurora, CO, 80014, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, UW Box #351619, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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Mitchell RJ, Delaney GP, Arnolda G, Liauw W, Phillips JL, Lystad RP, Harrison R, Braithwaite J. Potentially burdensome care at the end-of-life for cancer decedents: a retrospective population-wide study. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:32. [PMID: 38302965 PMCID: PMC10835903 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation persists in the quality of end-of-life-care (EOLC) for people with cancer. This study aims to describe the characteristics of, and examine factors associated with, indicators of potentially burdensome care provided in hospital, and use of hospital services in the last 12 months of life for people who had a death from cancer. METHOD A population-based retrospective cohort study of people aged ≥ 20 years who died with a cancer-related cause of death during 2014-2019 in New South Wales, Australia using linked hospital, cancer registry and mortality records. Ten indicators of potentially burdensome care were examined. Multinominal logistic regression examined predictors of a composite measure of potentially burdensome care, consisting of > 1 ED presentation or > 1 hospital admission or ≥ 1 ICU admission within 30 days of death, or died in acute care. RESULTS Of the 80,005 cancer-related deaths, 86.9% were hospitalised in the 12 months prior to death. Fifteen percent had > 1 ED presentation, 9.9% had > 1 hospital admission, 8.6% spent ≥ 14 days in hospital, 3.6% had ≥ 1 intensive care unit admission, and 1.2% received mechanical ventilation on ≥ 1 occasion in the last 30 days of life. Seventeen percent died in acute care. The potentially burdensome care composite measure identified 20.0% had 1 indicator, and 10.9% had ≥ 2 indicators of potentially burdensome care. Compared to having no indicators of potentially burdensome care, people who smoked, lived in rural areas, were most socially economically disadvantaged, and had their last admission in a private hospital were more likely to experience potentially burdensome care. Older people (≥ 55 years), females, people with 1 or ≥ 2 Charlson comorbidities, people with neurological cancers, and people who died in 2018-2019 were less likely to experience potentially burdensome care. Compared to people with head and neck cancer, people with all cancer types (except breast and neurological) were more likely to experience ≥ 2 indicators of potentially burdensome care versus none. CONCLUSION This study shows the challenge of delivering health services at end-of-life. Opportunities to address potentially burdensome EOLC could involve taking a person-centric approach to integrate oncology and palliative care around individual needs and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Mitchell
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey P Delaney
- Maridulu Budyari Gumal - Sydney Partnership for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise (SPHERE), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation, South-Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- University of New South Wales School of Clinical Medicine, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gaston Arnolda
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Winston Liauw
- University of New South Wales School of Clinical Medicine, Sydney, Australia
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Australia
| | - Jane L Phillips
- Maridulu Budyari Gumal - Sydney Partnership for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise (SPHERE), UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, QUT, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Reidar P Lystad
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Reema Harrison
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Liu X, Zhang G, Li S, Liu Y, Ma K, Wang L. Identification of gut microbes-related molecular subtypes and their biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2249-2272. [PMID: 38289597 PMCID: PMC10911361 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The role of gut microbes (GM) and their metabolites in colorectal cancer (CRC) development has attracted increasing attention. Several studies have identified specific microorganisms that are closely associated with CRC occurrence and progression, as well as key genes associated with gut microorganisms. However, the extent to which gut microbes-related genes can serve as biomarkers for CRC progression or prognosis is still poorly understood. This study used a bioinformatics-based approach to synthetically analyze the large amount of available data stored in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Through this analysis, this study identified two distinct CRC molecular subtypes associated with GM, as well as CRC markers related to GM. In addition, these new subtypes exhibit significantly different survival outcomes and are characterized by distinct immune landscapes and biological functions. Gut microbes-related biomarkers (GMRBs), IL7 and BCL10, were identified and found to have independent prognostic value and predictability for immunotherapeutic response in CRC patients. In addition, a systematic collection and review of prior research literature on GM and CRC provided additional evidence to support these findings. In conclusion, this paper provides new insights into the underlying pathological mechanisms by which GM promotes the development of CRC and suggests potentially viable solutions for individualized prevention, screening, and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shiyao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuechuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kexin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Alrubie TM, Shaik JP, Alamri AM, Alanazi M, Alshareeda AT, alqarni A, Alawfi HG, Almaiman SM, Almutairi MH. FTHL17, PRM2, CABYR, CPXCR1, ADAM29, and CABS1 are highly expressed in colon cancer patients and are regulated in vitro by epigenetic alterations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23689. [PMID: 38187237 PMCID: PMC10767510 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colon cancer is a serious public health issue and a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, including Saudi Arabia. Knowledge of genes associated with colon cancer development and progression is essential for identifying new cancer-specific biomarkers to improve the diagnosis of colon cancer. Methods The expression levels of FTHL17, PRM2, CABYR, CPXCR1, ADAM29, and CABS1 in 15 adjacent colon cancer and normal colon tissue samples from male patients were investigated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assays. qRT-PCR analysis was also used to determine whether reducing DNA methyltransferase (via 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment) or histone deacetylation (via trichostatin treatment) increased the expression levels of the tested genes. Results The analysis of the 15 colon cancer and adjacent normal colon tissue samples revealed that all six genes were expressed in both groups, but their expression levels were significantly higher in the colon cancer group. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the FTHL17, PRM2, CABYR, CPXCR1, and ADAM29 genes were considerably upregulated after treatment of HCT116 and Caco-2 cells with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin. However, the CABS1 gene was activated only with trichostatin treatment. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that FTHL17, PRM2, CABYR, CPXCR1, ADAM29, and CABS1 are suitable candidate biomarkers of colon cancer and their expressions are regulated by hypomethylation and hyperacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki M. Alrubie
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jilani P. Shaik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Alamri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa T. Alshareeda
- Blood and Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayyob alqarni
- Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Homoud G. Alawfi
- Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M. Almaiman
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhong Q, Reyes-Jurado F, Calumba KF. Structured soft particulate matters for delivery of bioactive compounds in foods and functioning in the colon. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:277-293. [PMID: 38090993 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00866e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The present review discusses challenges, perspectives, and current needs of delivering bioactive compounds (BCs) using soft particulate matters (SPMs) for gut health. SPMs can entrap BCs for incorporation in foods, preserve their bioactivities during processing, storage, and gastrointestinal digestion, and deliver BCs to functioning sites in the colon. To enable these functions, physical, chemical, and biological properties of BCs are integrated in designing various types of SPMs to overcome environmental factors reducing the bioavailability and bioactivity of BCs. The design principles are applied using food grade molecules with the desired properties to produce SPMs by additionally considering the cost, sustainability, and scalability of manufacturing processes. Lastly, to make delivery systems practical, impacts of SPMs on food quality are to be evaluated case by case, and health benefits of functional foods incorporated with delivery systems are to be confirmed and must outweigh the cost of preparing SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | | | - Kriza Faye Calumba
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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