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Osi A, Mahaut D, Tumanov N, Fusaro L, Wouters J, Champagne B, Chardon A, Berionni G. Taming the Lewis Superacidity of Non‐Planar Boranes: C−H Bond Activation and Non‐Classical Binding Modes at Boron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Osi
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Damien Mahaut
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Luca Fusaro
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Aurélien Chardon
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Chemistry Department—Namur Institute of Structured Matter— University of Namur 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur Belgium
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Osi A, Mahaut D, Tumanov N, Fusaro L, Wouters J, Champagne B, Chardon A, Berionni G. Taming the Lewis Superacidity of Non-Planar Boranes: C-H Bond Activation and Non-Classical Binding Modes at Boron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112342. [PMID: 34623002 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of a geometrically constrained boron Lewis superacid featuring exceptional structure and reactivity is disclosed. It allowed the formation of non-classical electron deficient B-H-B type of bonding which was supported by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction parameters as well as computational studies. Taming the pyramidal Lewis acid electrophilicity through weak coordinating anion dissociation enabled a series of highly challenging chemical transformations such as Csp 2 -H and Csp 3 -H activation under frustrated Lewis pair regime and the cleavage of Csp 3 -Si bonds. The demonstration of such type of rich chemical behavior and flexibility on a single molecular compound make it a unique mediator of chemical transformations generally restricted to transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Osi
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur, Chemistry, BELGIUM
| | - Damien Mahaut
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur, Chemistry, BELGIUM
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur, Chemistry, BELGIUM
| | - Luca Fusaro
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur, Chemistry, BELGIUM
| | - Johan Wouters
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur, Chemistry, BELGIUM
| | | | | | - Guillaume Berionni
- University of Namur, Chemistry Department, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, BELGIUM
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Yata T, Nishimoto Y, Chiba K, Yasuda M. Indium-Catalyzed C-F Bond Transformation through Oxymetalation/β-Fluorine Elimination to Access Fluorinated Isocoumarins. Chemistry 2021; 27:8288-8294. [PMID: 33855750 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated heterocycles have attracted much attention in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Many strategies have already been developed to achieve the synthesis of fluorinated heterocycles. Formidable challenges remain, however, in the synthesis of fluorinated isocoumarin derivatives that are among the most alluring structural motifs. Herein, the indium-catalyzed C-F bond transformation of 2-(2,2-difluorovinyl) benzoates is reported, which are readily accessible compounds, to give a diverse array of fluorinated isocoumarins. The present reaction proceeds smoothly using inexpensive reagents: a catalytic amount of indium salt in the presence of zinc salt. A theoretical calculation of potential energy profiles showed that the reaction consists of oxymetalation with the elimination of alkyl halide and the β-fluorine elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Yata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kouji Chiba
- Material Science Division, MOLSIS Inc., 1-28-38 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0033, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Pirzer AS, Alvarez E, Friedrich H, Heinrich MR. Radical Carbofluorination of Alkenes with Arylhydrazines and Selectfluor: Additives, Mechanistic Pathways, and Polar Effects. Chemistry 2019; 25:2786-2792. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Pirzer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Eva‐Maria Alvarez
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Heike Friedrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Capilato JN, Bume DD, Lee WH, Hoffenberg LES, Jokhai RT, Lectka T. Fluorofunctionalization of C═C Bonds with Selectfluor: Synthesis of β-Fluoropiperazines through a Substrate-Guided Reactivity Switch. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14234-14244. [PMID: 30418026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The halofunctionalization of alkene substrates remains an essential tool for synthetic chemists. Herein, we report regioselective ammoniofluorination of unactivated alkenes through photochemical means. A one-pot transformation of the ammonium fluoride products into pharmaceutically relevant β-fluoropiperazines is highlighted. Furthermore, a substrate-guided reactivity switch is observed: certain alkenes are shown to react with the same fluorinating reagent to instead give the less-substituted fluoride. We hope that the ammoniofluorination reaction will be of utility in the area of medicinal chemistry, where nitrogen and fluorine are among the most important heteroatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph N Capilato
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Desta Doro Bume
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Wei Hao Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Louis E S Hoffenberg
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Rayyan Trebonias Jokhai
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
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Timofeeva DS, Ofial AR, Mayr H. Kinetics of Electrophilic Fluorinations of Enamines and Carbanions: Comparison of the Fluorinating Power of N–F Reagents. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11474-11486. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria S. Timofeeva
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Pereira R, Wolstenhulme J, Sandford G, Claridge TDW, Gouverneur V, Cvengroš J. Synthesis and characterization of a novel N-F reagent derived from the ethano-Tröger's base: (1)J(FN) coupling constants as a signature for the N-F bond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 52:1606-9. [PMID: 26658721 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08375c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of 2,8-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-ethanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]-diazocine (ethano-Tröger's base) with methyl iodide followed by ion metathesis and fluorination with N-fluoro-2,3,4,5,6-pentachloropyridinium triflate affords a new electrophilic N-F reagent, that is more reactive than Selectfluor. 2D (19)F-(15)N HMQC experiments provide (1)JNF coupling constants which are diagnostic for the N-F functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pereira
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, UK.
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Kane CM, Meyers TB, Yu X, Gerken M, Etzkorn M. Bergman Cyclization of Fluorinated Benzo-Fused Enediynes to Naphthalene Derivatives: Syntheses and Structures. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Borodkin GI, Elanov IR, Shubin VG. Fluorination of Bi- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with N-fluorobis(phenylsulfonyl)amine in the absence of solvent. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428010090095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Andreev RV, Borodkin GI, Shubin VG. Fluorination of aromatic compounds with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide under solvent-free conditions. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042800910008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pavlinac J, Zupan M, Laali KK, Stavber S. Halogenation of organic compounds in ionic liquids. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Borodkin GI, Zaikin PA, Shakirov MM, Shubin VG. Mechanism of electrophilic fluorination of aromatic compounds with NF-reagents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428007100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang Y, Burton DJ. Site-specific preparation of 4-substituted-6-fluoro(carboalkoxyl)benzo[b]furans and benzo[b]thiophenes via base-catalyzed cyclization of enyne derivatives. J Fluor Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2007.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wang Y, Burton DJ. Base-catalyzed cyclization of monofluorodienynes: a new route to substituted fluorobenzene derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wang Y, Xu J, Burton DJ. A Simple, Two-Step, Site-Specific Preparation of Fluorinated Naphthalene and Phenanthrene Derivatives from Fluorobromo-Substituted Alkenes. J Org Chem 2006; 71:7780-4. [PMID: 16995686 DOI: 10.1021/jo061305k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile two-step procedure for the site-specific preparation of fluorinated naphthalene and phenanthrene derivatives is described. The Sonogashira reaction of bromofluoro-substituted alkenes with terminal alkynes, followed by base-catalyzed cyclization in refluxing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), affords the corresponding fluorinated naphthalene and phenanthrene derivatives in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Xu J, Wang Y, Burton DJ. Site-Specific Preparation of 3-Fluoro-1-substituted-naphthalenes via a Novel Base-Catalyzed Cyclization Reaction from (E)-Monofluoroenynes. Org Lett 2006; 8:2555-8. [PMID: 16737312 DOI: 10.1021/ol060785z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel cyclization reaction for the preparation of 3-fluoro-1-substituted-naphthalenes is reported. (E)-Monofluoroenynes, which are prepared by Sonogashira coupling reaction from (Z)-1-bromo-1-fluoroalkenes, undergo cyclization to afford 3-fluoro-1-substituted-naphthalenes in good to excellent yields when treated with DABCO or DBU in refluxing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP). [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Abstract
Acid-catalyzed reactions have played a major role in hydrocarbon chemistry involving electron-deficient intermediates such as carbocations, carbodications, onium ions, etc. The pioneering discovery of the use of superacids by George A. Olah, in the early 1960s, to characterize such intermediates under so-called long-lived stable ion conditions led to the understanding of their structures and reactivity patterns much more clearly. Continuing studies in this area in the past 30 years have resulted in a paradigm shift in comprehending the stability and reactivity of electrophilic intermediates in superacid media.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, USA.
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Electrophilic fluorination of aromatic compounds with NF type reagents: kinetic isotope effects and mechanism. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Briner PH, Fyfe MCT, Martin P, Murray PJ, Naud F, Procter MJ. Practical Synthesis of 2-Amino-5-fluorothiazole Hydrochloride. Org Process Res Dev 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/op0502194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul H. Briner
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthew C. T. Fyfe
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Martin
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P. John Murray
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Naud
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin J. Procter
- Prosidion Limited, Watlington Road, Oxford OX4 6LT, U.K., and Solvias AG, Klybeckstrasse 191, Postfach, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
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Ichikawa J, Miyazaki H, Sakoda K, Wada Y. Ring-fluorinated naphthalene and indene synthesis via 6- and 5-endo-trig cyclizations of gem-difluoroalkenes by carbon nucleophiles. J Fluor Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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