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Cerea S, Iannattone S, Mancin P, Bottesi G, Marchetti I. Eating disorder symptom dimensions and protective factors: A structural network analysis study. Appetite 2024; 197:107326. [PMID: 38552742 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Eating Disorders (EDs) and related symptoms pose a substantial public health concern due to their widespread prevalence among both genders and associated negative outcomes, underscoring the need for effective preventive interventions. In this context, deepening our understanding of the interplay between ED symptoms and related protective factors appears crucial. Therefore, this study employed a structural network analysis approach considering both ED symptom dimensions (i.e., drive for thinness, bulimic symptoms, and body dissatisfaction) and related protective factors (i.e., body and functionality appreciation, intuitive eating, and self-esteem) to shed light on how these factors are interrelated. A community sample of 1391 individuals (34.4% men; Mage = 26.4 years) completed a socio-demographic schedule and self-report questionnaires. The network showed that the nodes with the highest positive expected influence were body and functionality appreciation, while those with the highest negative expected influence were eating for physical rather than emotional reasons and unconditional permission to eat (i.e., two components of intuitive eating). Crucially, the most relevant bridges between the conceptual communities "ED symptom dimensions" and "Protective factors" were the negative relations between (a) eating for physical rather than emotional reasons and bulimic symptoms, (b) unconditional permission to eat and drive for thinness, and (c) body appreciation and body dissatisfaction. Finally, age, gender, and body mass index did not moderate any edge in the network. The practical implications of these findings are discussed, especially in terms of preventive interventions for ED symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cerea
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Sara Iannattone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Mancin
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Igor Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
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Cimino S, Tambelli R, Genova F, Agostini F, Trombini E, Cerniglia L. Psychopathological risk stability and change in a sample of mothers and preschool children before, during and after the peak of COVID-19 pandemic. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3355. [PMID: 38059671 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have found that the COVID-19 epidemic and the measures to stop it have had a substantial impact on the mental health of the general population. Nevertheless, the majority of this research only looked at the variations in the degree of psychopathological symptoms in individuals before and after the first wave of the pandemic. In a sample of N = 380 preschoolers and their mothers assessed through the Symptom Check-List/90-R and of the Child Behaviour Check-List, the present study aimed at exploring psychopathological risk in mothers and their offspring's dysregulation levels before (T1), during (T2) and after (T3) the peak of COVID-19 pandemic. Our main results showed that mothers' relational distress increased from T1 to T2 and then increased again from T2 to T3. Moreover, maternal aggressiveness, hostility, and anxiety scores significantly decreased from T1 to T2 but slightly increased from T2 to T3. In children, dysregulation levels increased from T1 to T2 but decreased from T2 to T3. Children of mothers with clinical scores at the SCL-90/R showed significantly higher dysregulation problems at T1, T2 and T3 than children of mothers with scores below the clinical threshold. This study adds to previous literature in that it evaluates stability or change in maternal and offspring scores not only in the pre-pandemic period and during the first wave of the pandemic, but it also considers the subsequent months, focusing on a broad range of maternal symptoms, rather than assessing depressive and anxiety symptoms as most of previous research did.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Genova
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - L Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
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Cerniglia L, Cimino S. Mothers with Dysregulated Eating and Their Offspring's Emotional/Behavioral Functioning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1018. [PMID: 38398331 PMCID: PMC10889484 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research on the psychopathological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic has not specifically focused on mothers with dysregulated eating and their children. METHODS This study aimed to observe whether the symptoms of mothers with binge eating episodes (assessed through the SCL-90/R and the TFEQ-R18) worsened from the pre-pandemic period (T1) to the pandemic period (T2). In addition, we sought to assess whether the levels of internalizing/externalizing and dysregulation symptoms in children (assessed through the CBCL 6-18) worsened from T1 to T2. RESULTS Our results showed that the values obtained for mothers in the SCL-90/R were significantly higher at T2 (during the pandemic), particularly for Depression, Phobic Anxiety, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Obsessive-Compulsive subscales. Moreover, in both the Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating subscales of the TFEQ-R18, mothers at T2 scored substantially higher than mothers at T1. The emotional/behavioral functioning of children was more maladaptive at T2, according to mothers, especially for the subscales of Withdrawn, Anxious/Depressed, and Aggressive Behavior. Children also had significantly higher scores on the Internalizing and Externalizing subscales, as well as greater symptoms of dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to demonstrating that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had increased maladaptive emotional/behavioral functioning in children and their mothers with dysregulated eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Cimino S, Andrei F, De Pascalis L, Trombini E, Tambelli R, Cerniglia L. The Quality of Mother-Child Feeding Interactions Predicts Psychopathological Symptoms in Offspring and Mothers Seven Years Later: A Longitudinal Study on the General Population. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7668. [PMID: 38137736 PMCID: PMC10744080 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased risk of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children has been observed in the presence of maternal psychopathology. This study aimed to investigate a potential pathway involving the quality of early interactions between mothers and their children. A sample of 150 mother-child dyads underwent assessment when the children were 3 years old and around the age of 10. Video recordings of feeding exchanges between mothers and children were analyzed to evaluate the quality of mother-child interactions. Maternal psychopathology and child internalizing and externalizing symptoms were measured through self-report and report-form measures completed by mothers. The quality of mother-child feeding interactions at three years of age significantly differentiated (p < 0.001), eight years later, between mothers at high and low psychopathological risk and between children exhibiting clinical and subclinical internalizing symptoms. Clinically relevant child symptoms were notably more prevalent when the mother-child interaction quality at three years of age was maladaptive, particularly in the context of concurrent high maternal psychopathological risk. The study findings underscore the importance of focusing on the early quality of mother-child feeding interactions to identify potential situations of maternal and child clinical risk for the development of psychopathological symptoms and to guide preemptive measures and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Federica Andrei
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Leonardo De Pascalis
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Elena Trombini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00186 Rome, Italy
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Ballarotto G, Murray L, Bozicevic L, Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Tambelli R. Parental sensitivity to toddler's need for autonomy: An empirical study on mother-toddler and father-toddler interactions during feeding and play. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 73:101892. [PMID: 37839158 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
During the second year of life, children's need for autonomy grows, and their behaviors become increasingly complex. Parental sensitivity to children's different cues is important in supporting adaptive psycho-emotional development. The present study assumes that mothers and fathers may respond with varying levels of sensitivity to the child's different cues, with particular attention to requests for greater autonomy. The study also examines the possible role played by interactive contexts (ie., play and feeding) and children's and parents' individual factors. The sample comprised N = 91 families with children aged between 12 and 24 months. Mother-toddler and father-toddler interactions were assessed during feeding and play. Parents completed questionnaires assessing children's temperament, psychopathological risk, and parenting stress. RESULTS: showed that toddlers' demands for autonomy were the most frequent cues in both play and feeding contexts, both with mothers and fathers. Furthermore, parents were more sensitive to toddlers' requests for cooperation than their requests for autonomy, in both interactive contexts. Moreover, mothers and fathers showed higher sensitivity to toddlers' demands for greater autonomy in the play context rather than in the feeding context. Mothers were more sensitive than fathers to toddlers' cues of resistance to parents' actions and to toddlers' requests for cooperation. Results showed differences and specificities in mother-toddler and father-toddler interactions in the two interactive contexts, showing associations between child negative emotionality, parental psychopathological risk and parenting stress, and maternal and paternal sensitivity to toddlers' demands for greater autonomy during play and feeding, respectively. These results confirm the initial hypotheses regarding parental sensitivity and its differential expression according to child cues. Implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Murray
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Earley Gate, University of Reading, United Kingdom
| | - L Bozicevic
- Institute of Population Health, Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Cerniglia
- Department of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - S Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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González-Toribio J, Hunot-Alexander C, Vásquez-Garibay EM, Larrosa-Haro A, Casillas-Toral E, Curiel-Curiel CP. Association between Maternal and Toddler Appetitive Traits in a Mexican Population. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:849. [PMID: 37887499 PMCID: PMC10604555 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for toddlers (CEBQ-T-Mex) and the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ-Esp) measure appetitive traits (ATs) in children and adults, respectively, both validated for use in Spanish. ATs are inherited variations in appetite, present from birth, that are reasonably stable throughout childhood and can explain why some infants over- or undereat in response to environmental exposures. "Food approach" traits predispose to overweight while "food avoidance" traits provide protection, but little is known about the relationships between parents' and their toddler's ATs. The aim was to examine the associations between maternal and toddler appetitive traits, using the AEBQ-Esp and CEBQ-T-Mex, and to examine the associations between ATs and Body Mass Index z-scores (BMIz). Sociodemographic data and the weights and heights of mothers and toddlers (aged 12-36 months) were collected from a teaching hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico. Mothers completed both the AEBQ-Esp and the CEBQ-T-Mex. Direct correlations were found between the ATs of toddlers and their mother (p < 0.005), except for "Slowness in Eating" (SE), and only an inverse correlation was found between the "Satiety Responsiveness" (SR) of toddlers and their BMIz (r = -0.147; p = 0.007). These results suggest that ATs could potentially run in families. These may be useful targets for family-wide interventions to support the development and maintenance of healthy eating behaviours in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn González-Toribio
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Edificio Anexo al Hospital Civil “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Piso 3, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.G.-T.); (E.M.V.-G.); (A.L.-H.); (C.P.C.-C.)
| | - Claudia Hunot-Alexander
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Edificio Anexo al Hospital Civil “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Piso 3, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.G.-T.); (E.M.V.-G.); (A.L.-H.); (C.P.C.-C.)
| | - Edgar Manuel Vásquez-Garibay
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Edificio Anexo al Hospital Civil “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Piso 3, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.G.-T.); (E.M.V.-G.); (A.L.-H.); (C.P.C.-C.)
| | - Alfredo Larrosa-Haro
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Edificio Anexo al Hospital Civil “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Piso 3, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.G.-T.); (E.M.V.-G.); (A.L.-H.); (C.P.C.-C.)
| | - Erika Casillas-Toral
- Hospital Civil Juan I. Menchaca, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta 750, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Carmen Patricia Curiel-Curiel
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta No. 750, Edificio Anexo al Hospital Civil “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Piso 3, Guadalajara C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (J.G.-T.); (E.M.V.-G.); (A.L.-H.); (C.P.C.-C.)
- Licenciatura en Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva No. 883, Colonia Centro, Ciudad Guzmán C.P. 49000, Jalisco, Mexico
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Cimino S, Cerniglia L. Breastfeeding Apps: A Descriptive Report. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:801. [PMID: 37887451 PMCID: PMC10604718 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are increasingly using breastfeeding apps to facilitate and organize breastfeeding; however, no study has so far focused on maternal psychopathological risk and on the quality of dyadic exchanges in this field. AIM AND METHODS This preliminary, descriptive study aimed at evaluating levels of psychopathological symptoms (through the SCL-90/R) and for the quality of the interactions they have with their children during feeding (through the SVIA) in mothers who use breastfeeding apps with different grades of engagement. RESULTS Data analyses showed that mothers with a mild use of the apps present a higher quality of dyadic interactions during feeding and lower psychopathological risk. CONCLUSIONS The cross-sectional and descriptive nature of this study does not allow any causal conclusions. However, results suggest that the higher the engagement and use of breastfeeding apps, the lower the quality of feeding interactions and the higher the maternal psychopathological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00186 Rome, Italy
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Cimino S, Tambelli R, Cerniglia L. The Role of Maternal Personality Organization and of the p Factor in Predicting Parental Distress, the Quality of Parental Care, and Offspring's Dysregulation Symptoms. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:3963-3971. [PMID: 37780227 PMCID: PMC10540785 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s423698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been posited that parental distress, the quality of maternal care and offspring's dysregulation can be predicted by maternal maladaptive characteristics. However, only a few studies have considered mothers' personality organizations and features of the p factor in mothers as possible predictors of symptoms in their children. Methods In a sample of N=524 subjects, this study evaluated the effect of mothers' personality organization and of the p factor on parental distress, parental care and offspring's dysregulation symptoms. Mothers filled out the IPO, the ASR, and the PSI-SF; children's teachers filled out the TRF; children were administered the PBI. Results We found that different mother groups (neurotic, borderline, psychotic organization) have distinct impact on parental distress, quality of care, and children's dysregulation, mediated by the p factor. Conclusion This study can contribute to the understanding of the key factors underpinning mothers and children's psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Sapienza. University of Rome. Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Sapienza. University of Rome. Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- International Telematic university Uninettuno, Faculty of Psychology, Rome, Italy
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Cimino S. Epidemiology, Etiology and Intervention Strategies for Peri-Partum Depression in Mothers. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5822. [PMID: 37762762 PMCID: PMC10531507 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of peri-partum depression (PPD) varies widely across countries, with rates ranging from 10% to 15% depending on the screening method used and the country studied [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00186 Rome, Italy
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10
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Cimino S. Implementing Sensitivity and Contingency in Medical Contexts: The Case of Prematurity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5306. [PMID: 37629348 PMCID: PMC10455690 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of relational situations, sensitivity and contingency are identified as pivotal variables that contribute to the enhancement of patients' overall wellbeing [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Humińska-Lisowska K, Chmielowiec K, Strońska-Pluta A, Chmielowiec J, Suchanecka A, Masiak J, Michałowska-Sawczyn M, Boroń A, Cięszczyk P, Grzywacz A. Epigenetic Analysis of the Dopamine Transporter Gene DAT1 with a Focus on Personality Traits in Athletes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108931. [PMID: 37240274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human phenotypes (traits) are determined by the selective use of a person's unique genotype (DNA sequence), following exposure to environmental stimuli, such as exercise. Inducing profound changes in epigenetics may be an underlying factor of the beneficial effects of exercise. This study aimed to investigate the association between methylation in the promoter region of the DAT1 gene and personality traits measured by the NEO-FFI questionnaire in a group of athletes. The study group included 163 athletes, and the control group consisted of 232 non-athletes. The obtained results show several significant differences between the studied groups of subjects. The Extraversion scale and the Conscientiousness scale results of the NEO-FFI are significantly higher in the group of athletes compared to controls. The total methylation and the number of methylated islands in the promoter region of the DAT1 gene are higher in the study group. Pearson's linear correlation between the total methylation, the number of methylated islands and the NEO-FFI shows significant results for the Extraversion and Agreeability scales. The total methylation and the number of methylated islands in the promoter region of the DAT1 gene are higher in the study group. Pearson's linear correlation between the total methylation, the number of methylated islands and the NEO-FFI shows significant results for the Extraversion and Agreeability scales. Our analysis of the methylation status of individual CpG sites revealed a new direction of research into the biological aspects of regulating dopamine release and personality traits in people practicing sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Humińska-Lisowska
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, K. Górskiego St. 1, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Sports Sciences, The University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-541 Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Suchanecka
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Masiak
- Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Głuska St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Michałowska-Sawczyn
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, K. Górskiego St. 1, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Boroń
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Cięszczyk
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, K. Górskiego St. 1, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Maternal Over- and Malnutrition and Increased Risk for Addictive and Eating Disorders in the Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051095. [PMID: 36904093 PMCID: PMC10004806 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from human and animal studies has shown that maternal overnutrition and/or obesity are linked with neurobehavioral changes in the offspring. This fetal programming is characterized by adaptive responses to changes in the nutritional state during early life. In the past decade, an association has been made between overconsumption of highly-palatable food by the mother during fetal development and abnormal behaviors resembling addiction in the offspring. Maternal overnutrition can lead to alterations in the offspring's brain reward circuitry leading to hyperresponsiveness of this circuit following exposure to calorie-dense foods later in life. Given the accumulating evidence indicating that the central nervous system plays a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy balance, and the motivation to seek food, a dysfunction in the reward circuitry may contribute to the addiction-like behaviors observed in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to these alterations in the reward circuitry during fetal development and their relevance to the increased risk for the offspring to later develop addictive-like behaviors is still unclear. Here, we review the most relevant scientific reports about the impact of food overconsumption during fetal development and its effect on addictive-like behaviors of the offspring in the context of eating disorders and obesity.
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Tambelli R, Ballarotto G, Trumello C, Babore A. Transition to Motherhood: A Study on the Association between Somatic Symptoms during Pregnancy and Post-Partum Anxiety and Depression Symptoms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12861. [PMID: 36232161 PMCID: PMC9564583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Several authors found that somatic symptoms during pregnancy such as nausea, vomiting, and levels of sleep, and fear of childbirth were associated with women's post-partum psychopathological difficulties. The present study aimed to verify whether fear of childbirth can mediate the relationship between some somatic symptoms experienced during pregnancy (i.e., nausea, vomiting, and daily sleep duration) and the post-partum depressive and anxious symptoms. N = 258 mothers of children between 3 and 6 months of age filled out self-report questionnaires assessing somatic symptoms during pregnancy, fear of childbirth, and anxious and depressive symptoms during post-partum. Results showed that levels of vomiting during pregnancy (but not nausea and daily sleep duration) was associated with post-partum depression and anxiety. Furthermore, findings showed that fear of childbirth partially mediated the relationships between the levels of vomiting during pregnancy and post-partum state anxiety and depression. These results can have several clinical implications, allowing to implement preventive programs for post-partum depression, considering vomiting and fear of childbirth as important risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Trumello
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, D’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, D’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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14
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Mason TB, Do B, Chu D, Belcher BR, Dunton GF, Lopez NV. Associations among affect, diet, and activity and binge-eating severity using ecological momentary assessment in a non-clinical sample of middle-aged fathers. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:543-551. [PMID: 33866535 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Knowledge of within-day factors associated with binge-eating severity among middle-aged fathers is limited. The purpose of the current report was to examine within-day associations of affect, diet, and activity in relation to binge-eating severity using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in men. METHODS Twenty-three middle-aged fathers completed 8 days of EMA and wore accelerometers to objectively assess activity. Generalized estimating equations assessed relationships among affect, diet, and activity and binge-eating severity. RESULTS When positive affect was above average, men reported greater binge-eating severity in the next 2 h. Oppositely, when negative affect was above average, men reported less binge-eating severity in the next 2 h. At times when men reported consumption of sweets and fast food, they reported higher binge-eating severity during the same 2-h window. Men with greater average levels of light activity reported less overall binge-eating severity. CONCLUSIONS Findings show that affect, unhealthy food intake, and light activity could be targeted among middle-aged fathers to reduce binge-eating severity and prevent eating disorders. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Bridgette Do
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Daniel Chu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Nanette V Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
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15
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Ghorbani S, Gharraee B, Hosseini F, Maghami Sharif Z, Aghebati A. Changing parenting style between two generations and its impacts on the severity of behavioral and emotional symptoms. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022; 14:e12448. [PMID: 33480179 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to compare the perceived parenting dimensions in mothers and their daughters (differences between two generations), and study the relationship between these dimensions and the severity of daughters' behavioral and emotional symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS 300 participants (150 daughters with their mothers) participated in this study. They responded to the perceived parenting styles questionnaire (PSQ), and mothers were additionally asked to answer the child symptoms inventory-4 (CSI-4). Data analysis was done by the SPSS using the paired sample t-test and multiple regressions. RESULTS The results indicated a significant difference between perceived parenting dimensions in mothers and their daughters; specifically, acceptance and control dimensions increased through generation. It was also found that daughters' acceptance-rejection dimension could predict the severity of the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders, autism spectrum disorders, depression, dysthymia, conduct disorders, and opposite defiant disorders. The control-autonomy dimension could also predict the severity of schizophrenia symptoms. CONCLUSION The results indicate the different parenting styles between two generations and the critical role of parenting in developing the children's psychopathology symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Ghorbani
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry) Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Gharraee
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry) Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Hosseini
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry) Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Maghami Sharif
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Aghebati
- Clinical Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry) Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Cimino S, Tambelli R, Di Vito P, D'Angeli G, Cerniglia L. The quality of father-child feeding interactions mediates the effect of maternal depression on children's psychopathological symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:968171. [PMID: 36072463 PMCID: PMC9444047 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.968171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that Postnatal maternal depression (PND) is associated with children's emotional and behavioral problems during infancy, but the possible effect of father-child relationship quality on this association is yet to be thoroughly investigated. We recruited 401 families (802 parents; 401 children) via mental health clinics in Central Italy. We divided families into two groups: Group 1 included families with mothers with PND; Group 2 included families with mothers without PND (control group). The assessment took place at T1 (18 months of age of children) and T2 (36 months of age of children): postnatal maternal depression was measured through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS); parent-child relationship quality was assessed through the Scale for the Assessment of Feeding Interactions (SVIA); and the child emotional-behavioral functioning was evaluated with the Child-Behavior-Checklist (CBCL). Compared to the control group, the children of the groups where mothers had PND, showed overall higher scores (i.e., more maladaptive) on the CBCL. A direct effect of postnatal maternal depression on children's emotional-behavioral functioning was found, both at T1 and at T2. A mediation effect of father-child relationship quality between postnatal maternal depression and child outcomes was also found. These results could inform prevention and intervention programs in families with mothers with PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Di Vito
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gessica D'Angeli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
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17
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Ballarotto G, Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Tambelli R. How Does Psychological Distress Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Internet Addiction and Instagram Addiction in Emerging Adults? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11382. [PMID: 34769897 PMCID: PMC8583668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
International research has underlined a worrying increase in Internet and Instagram addiction among emerging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the role played by alexithymia and psychological distress due to COVID-19 has been evidenced, no study has explored their complex relationship in predicting emerging adults' Internet and Instagram addiction. The present study aimed to verify whether peritraumatic distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic mediated the relationship between emerging adults' alexithymia and their Internet/Instagram addiction, in a sample composed of n = 400 Italian emerging adults. Results showed that females had higher peritraumatic distress due to COVID-19 than males, whereas males had higher externally oriented thinking and higher levels of Internet addiction than females. Emerging adults' psychological distress due to COVID-19 significantly mediated the effect of alexithymia on Internet and Instagram addiction. Our findings supported the presence of a dynamic relationship between individual vulnerabilities and the co-occurrence of other psychological difficulties in predicting emerging adults' Internet and Instagram addiction during the pandemic, with important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (S.C.); (R.T.)
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18
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Tambelli R, Cimino S, Marzilli E, Ballarotto G, Cerniglia L. Late Adolescents' Attachment to Parents and Peers and Psychological Distress Resulting from COVID-19. A Study on the Mediation Role of Alexithymia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10649. [PMID: 34682393 PMCID: PMC8535909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The scientific literature has shown the key role played by attachment to parents and peers and difficulties in recognizing, processing, and regulating emotions (i.e., alexithymia) in the (mal-)adaptive psychological response to the COVID-19 pandemic during late adolescence. No study has yet explored the complex interplay between these variables. We recruited a sample of 454 late adolescents (Mage = 22.79, SD = 2.27) and assessed attachment to parents and peers, alexithymia, and peritraumatic distress due to COVID-19 through self-report instruments. Attachment to fathers and peers, but not to mothers, and alexithymia significantly predicted levels of peritraumatic distress. Alexithymia fully and partially mediated the effect of, respectively, attachment to mothers and attachment to peers on peritraumatic distress due to COVID-19. These findings suggested that intervention programs focused on the promotion of peer social relationships, supportive parent-adolescent relationships, and the ability to recognize and discriminate one's own and others' emotions are needed in helping late adolescents to face the current health emergency and preventing short- and long-term psychopathological consequences related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00186 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00186 Rome, Italy;
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19
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Ballarotto G, Cerniglia L, Bozicevic L, Cimino S, Tambelli R. Mother-child interactions during feeding: A study on maternal sensitivity in dyads with underweight and normal weight toddlers. Appetite 2021; 166:105438. [PMID: 34090944 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the second year of life, mother's sensitivity in encouraging child autonomy supports children's emotional-affective individuation. In the feeding context, there is a clear transition from dependence on the mother to an emerging autonomy. Several studies have found an association between children's poor growth which is not related to organic pathologies, and maladaptive mother-child interactions that are characterized by poor maternal sensitivity. Despite this evidence, no studies have investigated maternal sensitivity to specific child's cues, such as demands for autonomy, during feeding interactions between mothers and their underweight children. This study aimed to assess how mothers' psychopathological risk and toddler's dysregulation profile are associated with mother-toddler interactional quality during feeding, with particular attention to mothers' sensitivity to child's specific cues (e.g. need of autonomy, requests for cooperation, request to stop the interaction, etc.). One hundred fifty mother-toddler dyads (N = 73 with underweight children and N = 77 with normal weight children) with children aged between 18 and 30 months, were recruited. Mother-toddlers feeding interactions were assessed through specific rating scales applied to the video-recorded interactions and mothers filled out questionnaires on children's emotional-behavioral functioning and their own psychopathological risk. Results showed a significant association between the quality of mother-toddler feeding interaction and children's weight. Underweight children showed less demand for autonomy and request for cooperation than normal weight children. Moreover, mothers of underweight children were less sensitive to toddler's cues of wanting to stop the interaction and demands for autonomy compared to mothers of normal weight children. Lower facilitations were associated with toddler's more dysregulated profile and with mother's higher psychopathological risk, and high toddler's dysregulation profile was associated with lower maternal sensitivity to child's cues of wanting to interrupt interactions and with worse mother's mood. Assessing maternal sensitivity in relation to toddler's specific cues might be particularly relevant in the feeding context. It might help to detect some dysfunctional interactive patterns and allow the implementation of prevention and treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", via degli Apuli 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00186, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Bozicevic
- Institute of Population Health, Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", via degli Apuli 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", via degli Apuli 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Parental eating disorders: A systematic review of parenting attitudes, behaviours, and parent-child interactions. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 88:102031. [PMID: 34246839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A substantial proportion of adults with eating disorders are parents. Studies suggest these parents may experience a range of parenting challenges, and their children may be at an increased risk for the development of eating disorders themselves. With parenting practices being one potential environmental mechanism for the intergenerational transmission of eating disorders, we systematically searched Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and PsychArticles for controlled studies in which parenting attitudes, behaviours, and parent-child interactions were examined for parents with and without probable eating disorders. 26,512 abstracts were screened, and 167 full-text manuscripts were retrieved, with 33 studies meeting the review inclusion criteria. Studies suggest that parents with eating disorders experience higher levels of parenting stress than control parents, and may on average be more intrusive, less sensitive, and provide less structuring/facilitation in non-feeding interactions with their children. These parents also appear, on average, to experience increased concern about their children's weight, and parent-child mealtime interactions may be problematic and characterised by high levels of conflict. Suggestions for future research are made with a view to enhancing understandings of the intergenerational transmission of eating disorders, which may lead to the identification of intervention targets for parents with eating disorders and their children.
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21
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DAT1 and Its Psychological Correlates in Children with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11010009. [PMID: 33466618 PMCID: PMC7828669 DOI: 10.3390/bs11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
International research has underlined the role played by children’s and maternal psychopathological symptoms on the onset of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in early childhood. No study has considered the possible interplay between children’s dopamine transporter (DAT1) genotype and methylation, dysregulation problems and maternal psychopathological risk. This study aimed to investigate the complex relationship between these variables, considering the possible mediation role played by children’s DAT1 methylation on the relationship between mothers’ psychopathological risk and children’s dysregulation problems, moderated by children’s DAT1 genotype. Our sample consisted of 94 early children and their mothers, divided into four subgroups, based on children’s ARFID subtypes (irritable/impulsive (I/I), sensory food aversions (SFA), post-traumatic feeding disorders subtypes (PTFD), and a non-clinical group (NC)). We addressed children’s dysregulation problems and maternal psychopathological risk, and collected children’s DNA through buccal swabs. Results showed that children’s 9/x genotype was associated with PTFD and NC groups, whereas the 10/10 genotype was associated with the SFA group, with large effect size. There were significant large differences in the study groups on children’s DAT1 total methylation, children’s dysregulation problems, and maternal psychopathological risk. Children’s DAT1 methylation did not mediate the relationship between mother’s psychopathological risk and children’s dysregulation problems, but there was a significant large direct effect. Children’s 9/x genotype moderated the relationship between maternal psychopathological risk and children’s DAT1 methylation but, respectively, with a large and small effect. Our pilot study suggested that the relationship between children’s DAT1 genotype and methylation, dysregulation problems, and maternal psychopathological risk has a crucial contribution to ARFID.
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Gruber M, König D, Holzhäuser J, Castillo DM, Blüml V, Jahn R, Leser C, Werneck-Rohrer S, Werneck H. Parental feeding practices and the relationship with parents in female adolescents and young adults with eating disorders: A case control study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242518. [PMID: 33212471 PMCID: PMC7676917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceived parental influence on diet in early adolescence in the context of the parental relationship had previously not been studied in a clinical sample. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association between eating disorders and characteristics of the relationship with parents and the parental feeding practices in early adolescence. METHODS 21 female adolescents and young adults with an eating disorder (ED)-bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa-and 22 females without eating disorder (healthy control; HC), aged between 16 and 26, were assessed via self-report questionnaires for problematic eating behaviour, relationship with parents, perceptions of parent's feeding practices at the age of 10-13 years and personality. Statistical evaluation was performed by means of group comparisons, effect sizes, regression analyses and mediator analyses. RESULTS Adolescent and young adult females with ED reported more fears/overprotection and rejection/neglect by their mothers and less self-responsibility in terms of eating behaviour during adolescence than did the HC. The relationship with the fathers did not differ significantly. Females who perceived more cohesion, rejection/neglect and fears/overprotection by the mother were more likely to suffer from an ED. Rejection/neglect by both parents were associated with less self-acceptance of the young females with even stronger effect sizes for the fathers than the mothers. Harm prevention in the young females was a partial mediator between fears/overprotection and the drive for thinness. CONCLUSIONS The parental relationship is partly reflected in the self-acceptance and self-responsibility in eating of the adolescent and young females, both of them are particularly affected in EDs. Stressors in the parent-child relationship should be targeted in treatment of eating disorders. Nutritional counselling for parents might be useful in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gruber
- Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel König
- Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julika Holzhäuser
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Victor Blüml
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca Jahn
- Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Leser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Werneck-Rohrer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Werneck
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Cimino S, Marzilli E, Tafà M, Cerniglia L. Emotional-Behavioral Regulation, Temperament and Parent-Child Interactions Are Associated with Dopamine Transporter Allelic Polymorphism in Early Childhood: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228564. [PMID: 33218146 PMCID: PMC7698935 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
International research has highlighted the role played by individual genetic polymorphism, children’s emotional-behavioral functioning, and quality of parent–child feeding interaction in shaping children’s development. Few studies have focused on the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene in these processes. In a community sample of 81 families with young children aged between 19 and 28 months (37 males and 44 females), this pilot study aimed to explore possible relationships between children’s DAT1 genotype (9/x: 9/9, 9/19 contrasted to 10/10), their own psychological profiles, parental psychopathological risk, and the quality of mother–child and father–child feeding interactions. Children’s DAT1 genotype was assessed collecting DNA through buccal; children’s temperament and emotional-behavioral regulation, and parental psychopathological risk were assessed, respectively, through report-form and self-report instruments; then, dyadic exchanges were videotaped during a mealtime, and coded based on the Scala di Valutazione dell′Interazione Alimentare (SVIA). Results showed significant differences in the variables under study based on children’s DAT1 genotype, with a higher risk associated with the 10/10. Our findings have provided preliminary new evidence on the relationship between a different child’s polymorphisms, their own emotional-behavioral functioning, and the quality of the family environment, with important implications for the planning of more targeted prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome, 00136 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome, 00136 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Mimma Tafà
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome, 00136 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-066-920-761
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Martini MG, Barona-Martinez M, Micali N. Eating disorders mothers and their children: a systematic review of the literature. Arch Womens Ment Health 2020; 23:449-467. [PMID: 31938867 PMCID: PMC7368867 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To provide an overview of the impact of maternal eating disorders (ED) on child development in a number of domains including feeding and eating behaviour, neuropsychological profile and cognitive development, psychopathology and temperament. PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo were searched for studies exploring the impact of maternal ED on children between January 1980 and September 2018. Initial search yielded 569 studies. After exclusion, 32 studies were reviewed. Overall, available evidence shows that children of mothers with ED are at increased risk of disturbances in several domains. They exhibit more difficulties in feeding and eating behaviours, display more psychopathological and socio-emotional difficulties, and they are more likely to be described as having a difficult temperament. Maternal ED have an impact on child psychological, cognitive and eating behaviours, and might affect the development of ED in the offspring. Future research should focus on resilience and on which protective factors might lead to positive outcomes. These factors can be then used as therapeutic and preventative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Martini
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 4th Floor, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
- South London and Maudsley, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Manuela Barona-Martinez
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 4th Floor, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Nadia Micali
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 4th Floor, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Emotional-Behavioral Functioning, Maternal Psychopathologic Risk and Quality of Mother-Child Feeding Interactions in Children with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113811. [PMID: 32471208 PMCID: PMC7311983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The literature on food intake disorder (ARFID) in early childhood has evidenced psychopathologic difficulties in both children and their mothers and a poor quality of feeding interactions. Only a few studies have focused on three different ARFID subtypes: irritable/impulsive (I/I), sensory food aversions (SFA) and post traumatic feeding disorder (PTFD). The aim of this study was to explore possible differences between the three groups in children’s emotional-behavioral functioning, maternal psychopathologic risk and the quality of mother–child feeding interactions, comparing these clinical groups with a control group. The sample consisted of 100 child–mother dyads, of which 23 children with I/I, 25 children with SFA, 27 children with PTFD and 27 children with no diagnosis. The mothers primarily filled out questionnaires assessing their psychopathologic symptoms and children’s emotional-behavioral functioning. Then, all dyads were videotaped during a main meal. Results revealed significant differences between the study groups in relation to children’s emotional–adaptive functioning, mothers’ psychological profile and mother–child interactions during feeding. These findings are relevant for the development of target intervention programs to treat specific ARFID disorders.
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Yang Y, Qi Y, Cui Y, Li B, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Chen X, Zhu D, He F, Zheng Y. Emotional and behavioral problems, social competence and risk factors in 6-16-year-old students in Beijing, China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223970. [PMID: 31647827 PMCID: PMC6812843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Child emotional or behavioral problems and insufficient social development has been a heavy burden on family and society. However, currently large-scale studies on emotional and behavioral problems as well as social competence among school children in China are still lacking. This cross-sectional study analyzed the current status and risk factors of behavioral problems and social competences in Beijing students. Method A total of 9,295 students, with ages ranging from 6 to 16 years old, were enrolled in the study. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to screen emotional and behavioral problems, social competences of students. We then assessed significant predictors factors associated with children behavioral problems and social competences. Results The total detection rate of behavioral problems of this cohort was 16.7%. All kinds of social competence scores of boys were lower than girls (P <0.05). The scores of social and learning ability in children with behavioral problems were significantly lower than those without behavior problems (P <0.05). Gender, developmental delay, recent life events, negative relationships and negative child-rearing styles were the shared influencing factors for behavioral problems and social competence. In addition, age, macrosomia, threatened abortion, hospitalization for physical illness, physical illness, poor sleep were independent risk factors for children's emotional and behavioral problems, and non-breastfeeding was an independent risk factor for abnormal social competence. Conclusion The social competence, emotional and behavioral problems are serious among students in Beijing. More attention should be paid to mental health and effective intervention measures should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Cui
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixia Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandi Zhu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan He
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Cerniglia L, Bartolomeo L, Capobianco M, Lo Russo SLM, Festucci F, Tambelli R, Adriani W, Cimino S. Intersections and Divergences Between Empathizing and Mentalizing: Development, Recent Advancements by Neuroimaging and the Future of Animal Modeling. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:212. [PMID: 31572143 PMCID: PMC6754072 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both mentalization and empathy allow humans to understand others, through the representation of their mental states or their mood, respectively. The present review aims to explain those characteristics which are shared between empathy and the Theory of Mind. Research in neuroscience, based on naturalistic paradigms, has shown that abilities to mentalize and to empathize are associated with the activation of different neuro-cognitive circuits. As far as mirror-neuron processes are concerned, some structures (like Anterior Insula, AI; Anterior Cingulate Cortex, ACC) play a role both in the representation of one's own affective states and in comprehension of the same affective state when experienced by others. As for mentalization, the temporal parietal junction (TPj) and temporal poles (TP), the upper posterior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are greatly involved: the latter appears involved in the attribution of one's own and others' temperaments. Interestingly, the ventral/orbital portion of the PFC (orbito-frontal cortex, OFC) is involved in subserving shared affective experience during cognitive mentalizing. This brain region represents a point of overlap, from a psycho-biological point of view, where emotional mirroring and affective cognition meet up. As for animal models, laboratory rodents can well be tested for prosocial behavior. Some examples include deliberate actions, allowing another conspecific the possibility to feed ("giving food"): this willingness can vary across donors, depending on how the recipient is perceived. Other examples include the possibility to let a trapped conspecific come out ("giving help"). The state-of-the-art knowledge about this theme can inform the programming of specific clinical interventions, based on the reinforcement of empathic and/or mentalization abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Bartolomeo
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Micaela Capobianco
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lucia M. Lo Russo
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Festucci
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Children's DAT1 Polymorphism Moderates the Relationship Between Parents' Psychological Profiles, Children's DAT Methylation, and Their Emotional/Behavioral Functioning in a Normative Sample. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142567. [PMID: 31323798 PMCID: PMC6678924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parental psychopathological risk is considered as one of the most crucial features associated with epigenetic modifications in offspring, which in turn are thought to be related to their emotional/behavioral profiles. The dopamine active transporter (DAT) gene is suggested to play a significant role in affective/behavioral regulation. On the basis of the previous literature, we aimed at verifying whether children’s DAT1 polymorphisms moderated the relationship between parents’ psychological profiles, children’s emotional/behavioral functioning, and DAT1 methylation in a normative sample of 79 families with school-age children (Ntot = 237). Children’s biological samples were collected through buccal swabs, while Symptom Check-List-90 item Revised, Adult Self Report, and Child Behavior Check-List/6–18 was administered to assess parental and children’s psychological functioning. We found that higher maternal externalizing problems predicted the following: higher levels of children’s DAT1 methylation at M1, but only among children with 10/10 genotype; higher levels of methylation at M2 among children with 10/10 genotype; while lower levels for children with a 9-repeat allele. There was also a positive relationship between fathers’ externalizing problems and children’s externalizing problems, only for children with a 9-repeat allele. Our findings support emerging evidence of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors in shaping children’ emotional/behavioral functioning, contributing to the knowledge of risk variables for a child’s development and psychological well-being.
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