1
|
Guagnini B, Medagli B, Zumbo B, Cannillo V, Turco G, Porrelli D, Bellucci D. Alginate-Sr/Mg Containing Bioactive Glass Scaffolds: The Characterization of a New 3D Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:183. [PMID: 39057304 PMCID: PMC11278315 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15070183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In bone regeneration, combining natural polymer-based scaffolds with Bioactive Glasses (BGs) is an attractive strategy to improve the mechanical properties of the structure, as well as its bioactivity and regenerative potential. Methods: For this purpose, a well-studied alginate/hydroxyapatite (Alg/HAp) porous scaffold was enhanced with an experimental bioglass (BGMS10), characterized by a high crystallization temperature and containing therapeutic ions such as strontium and magnesium. This resulted in an improved biological response compared to 45S5 Bioglass®, the "gold" standard among BGs. Porous composite scaffolds were fabricated by freeze-drying technique and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis, infrared spectroscopy, and microcomputed tomography. The mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of the new scaffold composition were also evaluated. The addition of bioglass to the Alg/HAp network resulted in a slightly lower porosity. However, despite the change in pore size, the MG-63 cells were able to better adhere and proliferate when cultured for one week on a BG scaffold compared to the control Alg/HAp scaffolds. Thus, our findings indicate that the combination of bioactive glass BGMS10 does not affect the structural and physicochemical properties of the Alg/HAp scaffold and confers bioactive properties to the structures, making the Alg/HAp-BGMS10 scaffold a promising candidate for future application in bone tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Guagnini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (B.G.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Barbara Medagli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (B.G.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Bianca Zumbo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (B.G.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Valeria Cannillo
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Gianluca Turco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (B.G.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (G.T.)
| | - Davide Porrelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Alexander Fleming 31/B, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Devis Bellucci
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.C.); (D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao J, Li Y, Wu T, Zhou X, Feng J, Cai Y, Guan S, Dai Z, Han J, Gao B. Cell sheet-based in vitrobone defect model for long term evaluation of bone repair materials. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065026. [PMID: 37852221 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad0477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Development of tissue-engineeredin vitrohuman bone defect models for evaluation of bone repair materials (BRMs) is a promising approach for addressing both translational and ethical concerns regarding animal models. In this study, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets were stacked to form a periosteum like tissue. HE staining showed a cell-dense, multilayered structure. BRMs were implanted in the defect area of the three-dimensional (3D) model. The CCK-8 test demonstrated that the 3D model was stronger in resisting the cytotoxicity of three kinds of commercial BRMs than the 2D culture model, which was consistent within vivoresults. After 28 d implantation in the 3D model, western blot and RT-qPCR showed that three materials induced increased expressions of RUNX2, OSX, OCN, OPN, while Materials B and C seemed to have stronger osteoinductivity than A.In vivoexperiments also confirmed the osteoinductivity of the BRMs after 28 and 182 d implantation. Alizarin red staining proved that the mineralized nodules of Materials B and C were more than that of A. The differences of osteogenic properties among three BMRs might be attributed to calcium ion release. This cell sheet-based bone tissue model can resist cytotoxicity of BRMs, demonstrating the priority of long-term evaluation of osteoinductivity of BRMs. Further, the osteoinduction results of the 3D model corresponded to that ofin vivoexperiments, suggesting this model may have a potential to be used as a novel tool for rapid, accurate evaluation of BRMs, and thus shorten their research and development process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Dental Medical Device Testing Center, Peking University School of Stomatology, United States of America
| | - Tingting Wu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinting Zhou
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Cai
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwen Guan
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengning Dai
- Dental Medical Device Testing Center, Peking University School of Stomatology, United States of America
| | - Jianmin Han
- Dental Medical Device Testing Center, Peking University School of Stomatology, United States of America
| | - Botao Gao
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Piatti E, Miola M, Liverani L, Verné E, Boccaccini AR. Poly(ε-caprolactone)/bioactive glass composite electrospun fibers for tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1692-1709. [PMID: 37300320 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, composite electrospun fibers containing innovative bioactive glass nanoparticles were produced and characterized. Poly(ε-caprolactone), benign solvents, and sol-gel B- and Cu-doped bioactive glass powders were used to fabricate fibrous scaffolds. The retention of bioactive glass nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, the electrospinnability of this novel solution and the obtained electrospun composites were extensively characterized. As a result, composite electrospun fibers characterized by biocompatibility, bioactivity, and exhibiting overall properties adequate for both hard and soft tissue engineering applications, have been produced. The addition of these bioactive glass nanoparticles was, indeed, able to impart bioactive properties to the fibers. Cell culture studies show promising results, demonstrating proliferation and growth of cells on the composite fibers. Wettability, degradation rate, and mechanical performance were also tested and are in line with previous results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Piatti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Miola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- DGS S.p.A., Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Verné
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jeyachandran D, Murshed M, Haglund L, Cerruti M. A Bioglass-Poly(lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Scaffold@Fibrin Hydrogel Construct to Support Endochondral Bone Formation. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300211. [PMID: 37462089 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering using stem cells to build bone directly on a scaffold matrix often fails due to lack of oxygen at the injury site. This may be avoided by following the endochondral ossification route; herein, a cartilage template is promoted first, which can survive hypoxic environments, followed by its hypertrophy and ossification. However, hypertrophy is so far only achieved using biological factors. This work introduces a Bioglass-Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid@fibrin (Bg-PLGA@fibrin) construct where a fibrin hydrogel infiltrates and encapsulates a porous Bg-PLGA. The hypothesis is that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) loaded in the fibrin gel and induced into chondrogenesis degrade the gel and become hypertrophic upon reaching the stiffer, bioactive Bg-PLGA core, without external induction factors. Results show that Bg-PLGA@fibrin induces hypertrophy, as well as matrix mineralization and osteogenesis; it also promotes a change in morphology of the MSCs at the gel/scaffold interface, possibly a sign of osteoblast-like differentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes. Thus, the Bg-PLGA@fibrin construct can sequentially support the different phases of endochondral ossification purely based on material cues. This may facilitate clinical translation by decreasing in-vitro cell culture time pre-implantation and the complexity associated with the use of external induction factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monzur Murshed
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Medicine, and Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 0A9, Canada
| | - Lisbet Haglund
- Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0C1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abedin Zadeh M, Alany RG, Satarian L, Shavandi A, Abdullah Almousa M, Brocchini S, Khoder M. Maillard Reaction Crosslinked Alginate-Albumin Scaffolds for Enhanced Fenofibrate Delivery to the Retina: A Promising Strategy to Treat RPE-Related Dysfunction. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051330. [PMID: 37242572 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited treatments currently available for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Cell-based therapy holds great promise in treating these degenerative diseases. Three-dimensional (3D) polymeric scaffolds have gained attention for tissue restoration by mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM). The scaffolds can deliver therapeutic agents to the retina, potentially overcoming current treatment limitations and minimizing secondary complications. In the present study, 3D scaffolds made up of alginate and bovine serum albumin (BSA) containing fenofibrate (FNB) were prepared by freeze-drying technique. The incorporation of BSA enhanced the scaffold porosity due to its foamability, and the Maillard reaction increased crosslinking degree between ALG with BSA resulting in a robust scaffold with thicker pore walls with a compression modulus of 13.08 KPa suitable for retinal regeneration. Compared with ALG and ALG-BSA physical mixture scaffolds, ALG-BSA conjugated scaffolds had higher FNB loading capacity, slower release of FNB in the simulated vitreous humour and less swelling in water and buffers, and better cell viability and distribution when tested with ARPE-19 cells. These results suggest that ALG-BSA MR conjugate scaffolds may be a promising option for implantable scaffolds for drug delivery and retinal disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abedin Zadeh
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Raid G Alany
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Leila Satarian
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran
| | - Amin Shavandi
- 3BIO-BioMatter, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Steve Brocchini
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mouhamad Khoder
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Esmaeilzadeh J, Borhan S, Haghbin M, Khorsand Zak A. Assessments of EISA-synthesized mesoporous bioactive glass incorporated in chitosan-gelatin matrix as potential nanocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2023.2191200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
7
|
Pádua AS, Figueiredo L, Silva JC, Borges JP. Chitosan scaffolds with mesoporous hydroxyapatite and mesoporous bioactive glass. Prog Biomater 2023; 12:137-153. [PMID: 36757613 PMCID: PMC10154456 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-023-00217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is one of the most well-known fields in tissue regeneration. The major focus concerns polymeric/ceramic composite scaffolds. In this work, several composite scaffolds based on chitosan (CH), with low and high molecular weights, and different concentrations of ceramics like mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG), mesoporous hydroxyapatite (MHAp) and both MBG and MHAp (MC) were produced by lyophilization. The purpose is to identify the best combination regarding optimal morphology and properties. The tests of the scaffolds present a highly porous structure with interconnected pores. The compression modulus increases with ceramic concentration in the scaffolds. Furthermore, the 75%MBG (835 ± 160 kPa) and 50%MC (1070 ± 205 kPa) samples are the ones that mostly enhance increases in mechanical properties. The swelling capacity increases with MBG and MC, respectively, to 700% and 900% and decreases to 400% when MHAp concentration increases. All scaffolds are non-cytotoxic at 12.5 mg/mL. The CHL scaffolds improve cell adhesion and proliferation compared to CHH, and the MC scaffold samples, show better results than those produced with just MBG or MHAp. The composite scaffolds of chitosan with MBG and MHAp, have revealed to be the best combination due to their enhanced performance in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Pádua
- I3N/CENIMAT, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lígia Figueiredo
- Bioceramed S.A., Rua José Gomes Ferreira 1, Arm D, São Julião Do Tojal, 2660-360, Loures, Portugal
| | - Jorge Carvalho Silva
- I3N/CENIMAT, Physics Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Borges
- I3N/CENIMAT, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gritsch L, Bossard C, Jallot E, Jones JR, Lao J. Bioactive glass-based organic/inorganic hybrids: an analysis of the current trends in polymer design and selection. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:519-545. [PMID: 36541433 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glass-based organic/inorganic hybrids are a family of materials holding great promise in the biomedical field. Developed from bioactive glasses following recent advances in sol-gel and polymer chemistry, they can overcome many limitations of traditional composites typically used in bone repair and orthopedics. Thanks to their unique molecular structure, hybrids are often characterized by synergistic properties that go beyond a mere combination of their two components; it is possible to synthesize materials with a wide variety of mechanical and biological properties. The polymeric component, in particular, can be tailored to prepare tough, load-bearing materials, or rubber-like elastomers. It can also be a key factor in the determination of a wide range of interesting biological properties. In addition, polymers can also be used within hybrids as carriers for therapeutic ions (although this is normally the role of silica). This review offers a brief look into the history of hybrids, from the discovery of bioactive glasses to the latest developments, with a particular emphasis on polymer design and chemistry. First the benefits and limitations of hybrids will be discussed and compared with those of alternative approaches (for instance, nanocomposites). Then, key advances in the field will be presented focusing on the polymeric component: its chemistry, its physicochemical and biological advantages, its drawbacks, and selected applications. Comprehensive tables summarizing all the polymers used to date to fabricate sol-gel hybrids for biomedical applications are also provided, to offer a handbook of all the available candidates for hybrid synthesis. In addition to the current trends, open challenges and possible avenues of future development are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gritsch
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France. .,Technogym S.p.A., via Calcinaro 2861, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
| | - Cédric Bossard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
| | - Edouard Jallot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
| | - Julian R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan Lao
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178 Aubière (Clermont-Ferrand), France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan L, Entezari A, Zhang Z, Zhong J, Liang J, Li Q, Qi J. An experimental and numerical study of the microstructural and biomechanical properties of human peripheral nerve endoneurium for the design of tissue scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1029416. [PMID: 36545684 PMCID: PMC9762494 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1029416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic design of scaffold architectures represents a promising strategy to enable the repair of tissue defects. Natural endoneurium extracellular matrix (eECM) exhibits a sophisticated microstructure and remarkable microenvironments conducive for guiding neurite regeneration. Therefore, the analysis of eECM is helpful to the design of bionic scaffold. Unfortunately, a fundamental lack of understanding of the microstructural characteristics and biomechanical properties of the human peripheral nerve eECM exists. In this study, we used microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT) to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) eECM model sourced from mixed nerves. The tensile strength and effective modulus of human fresh nerve fascicles were characterized experimentally. Permeability was calculated from a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of the 3D eECM model. Fluid flow of acellular nerve fascicles was tested experimentally to validate the permeability results obtained from CFD simulations. The key microstructural parameters, such as porosity is 35.5 ± 1.7%, tortuosity in endoneurium (X axis is 1.26 ± 0.028, Y axis is 1.26 ± 0.020 and Z axis is 1.17 ± 0.03, respectively), tortuosity in pore (X axis is 1.50 ± 0.09, Y axis is 1.44 ± 0.06 and Z axis is 1.13 ± 0.04, respectively), surface area-to-volume ratio (SAVR) is 0.165 ± 0.007 μm-1 and pore size is 11.8 ± 2.8 μm, respectively. These were characterized from the 3D eECM model and may exert different effects on the stiffness and permeability. The 3D microstructure of natural peripheral nerve eECM exhibits relatively lower permeability (3.10 m2 × 10-12 m2) than other soft tissues. These key microstructural and biomechanical parameters may play an important role in the design and fabrication of intraluminal guidance scaffolds to replace natural eECM. Our findings can aid the development of regenerative therapies and help improve scaffold design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Yan
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ali Entezari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhongpu Zhang
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingxiao Zhong
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Jian Qi, ; Qing Li,
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jian Qi, ; Qing Li,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Toosi S, Naderi-Meshkin H, Esmailzadeh Z, Behravan G, Ramakrishna S, Behravan J. Bioactive glass-collagen/poly (glycolic acid) scaffold nanoparticles exhibit improved biological properties and enhance osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:963996. [PMID: 36159698 PMCID: PMC9490118 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.963996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today’s using tissue engineering and suitable scaffolds have got attention to increase healing of non-union bone fractures. In this study, we aimed to prepare and characterize scaffolds with functional and mechanical properties suitable for bone regeneration. Porous scaffolds containing collagen-poly glycolic acid (PGA) blends and various quantities of bioactive glass (BG) 45S5 were fabricated. Scaffolds with different compositions (BG/collagen-PGA ratios (w/w): 0/100; 40/60; 70/30) were characterized for their morphological properties, bioactivity, and mechanical behavior. Then, biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation potential of the scaffolds were analyzed by seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Scaffolds made with collagen-PGA combined with the BG (45S5) were found to have interconnected pores (average pore diameter size 75–115 µm) depending on the percentage of the BG added. Simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking experiments indicated the stability of scaffolds in SBF regardless of their compositions, while the scaffolds retained their highly interconnected structure. The elastic moduli, cell viability, osteogenic differentiation of the BG/collagen-PGA 40/60 and 70/30 scaffolds were superior to the original BG/collagen-PGA (0/100). These results suggest that BG incorporation enhanced the physical stability of our collagen-PGA scaffold previously reported. This new scaffold composition provides a promising platform to be used as a non-toxic scaffold for bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Toosi
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shirin Toosi, ; Javad Behravan,
| | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Esmailzadeh
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazal Behravan
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Javad Behravan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Shirin Toosi, ; Javad Behravan,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh YP, Dasgupta S. Gelatin-based electrospun and lyophilized scaffolds with nano scale feature for bone tissue engineering application: review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1704-1758. [PMID: 35443894 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2068943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rebuilding of the normal functioning of the damaged human body bone tissue is one of the main objectives of bone tissue engineering (BTE). Fabricated scaffolds are mostly treated as artificial supports and as materials for regeneration of neo bone tissues and must closely biomimetic the native extracellular matrix of bone. The materials used for developing scaffolds should be biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. For the resurrection of bone disorder, specifically natural and synthetic polymers such as chitosan, PCL, gelatin, PGA, PLA, PLGA, etc. meet the requirements for serving their functions as artificial bone substitute materials. Gelatin is one of the potential candidates which could be blended with other polymers or composites to improve its physicochemical, mechanical, and biological performances as a bone graft. Scaffolds are produced by several methods including electrospinning, self-assembly, freeze-drying, phase separation, fiber drawing, template synthesis, etc. Among them, freeze-drying and electrospinning are among the popular, simplest, versatile, and cost-effective techniques. The design and preparation of freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds are of intense research over the last two decades. Freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds offer a distinctive architecture at the micro to nano range with desired porosity and pore interconnectivity for selective movement of small biomolecules and play its role as an appropriate matrix very similar to the natural bone extracellular matrix. This review focuses on the properties and functionalization of gelatin-based polymer and its composite in the form of bone scaffolds fabricated primarily using lyophilization and electrospinning technique and their applications in BTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tian Y, Wu D, Wu D, Cui Y, Ren G, Wang Y, Wang J, Peng C. Chitosan-Based Biomaterial Scaffolds for the Repair of Infected Bone Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:899760. [PMID: 35600891 PMCID: PMC9114740 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.899760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infected bone defects includes infection control and repair of the bone defect. The development of biomaterials with anti-infection and osteogenic ability provides a promising strategy for the repair of infected bone defects. Owing to its antibacterial properties, chitosan (an emerging natural polymer) has been widely studied in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, it has been shown that chitosan promotes the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-related cells, and can serve as an ideal carrier for bone-promoting substances. In this review, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the antibacterial effects of chitosan and its ability to promote bone repair are discussed. Furthermore, the properties of several kinds of functionalized chitosan are analyzed and compared with those of pure chitosan. The latest research on the combination of chitosan with different types of functionalized materials and biomolecules for the treatment of infected bone defects is also summarized. Finally, the current shortcomings of chitosan-based biomaterials for the treatment of infected bone defects and future research directions are discussed. This review provides a theoretical basis and advanced design strategies for the use of chitosan-based biomaterials in the treatment of infected bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Tian
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danhua Wu
- The People’s Hospital of Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Dankai Wu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutao Cui
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangkai Ren
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuangang Peng
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chuangang Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schumacher M, Habibović P, van Rijt S. Peptide-Modified Nano-Bioactive Glass for Targeted Immobilization of Native VEGF. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4959-4968. [PMID: 35041377 PMCID: PMC8815037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A limiting factor in large bone defect regeneration is the slow and disorganized formation of a functional vascular network in the defect area, often resulting in delayed healing or implant failure. To overcome this, strategies that induce angiogenic processes should be combined with potent bone graft substitutes in new bone regeneration approaches. To this end, we describe a unique approach to immobilize the pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF165 in its native state on the surface of nanosized bioactive glass particles (nBGs) via a binding peptide (PR1P). We demonstrate that covalent coupling of the peptide to amine functional groups grafted on the nBG surface allows immobilization of VEGF with high efficiency and specificity. The amount of coupled peptide could be controlled by varying amine density, which eventually allows tailoring the amount of bound VEGF within a physiologically effective range. In vitro analysis of endothelial cell tube formation in response to VEGF-carrying nBG confirmed that the biological activity of VEGF is not compromised by the immobilization. Instead, comparable angiogenic stimulation was found for lower doses of immobilized VEGF compared to exogenously added VEGF. The described system, for the first time, employs a binding peptide for growth factor immobilization on bioactive glass nanoparticles and represents a promising strategy to overcome the problem of insufficient neovascularization in large bone defect regeneration.
Collapse
|
14
|
Yedekçi B, Tezcaner A, Yılmaz B, Demir T, Evis Z. 3D porous PCL-PEG-PCL / strontium, magnesium and boron multi-doped hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104941. [PMID: 34749203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bioceramic/polymer composite systems have gained importance in treating hard tissue damages using bone tissue engineering (BTE). In this context, it was aimed to develop 3D porous composite PCL-PEG-PCL scaffolds containing different amounts of B, Sr and Mg multi-doped HA that can provide bone regeneration in the bone defect area and to investigate the effect of both the amount of inorganic phase and the porosity on the mechanical and the biological properties. B-Sr-Mg multi-doped HA and PCL-PEG-PCL copolymer were successfully synthesized. PCL-PEG-PCL composite scaffolds containing different amounts of hydroxyapatite (HA) (10% and 20 wt%) were produced with the desired porosity (50% and 60%) by compression-molding and particulate leaching method. The porosity of the scaffolds was determined between 47% and 59%. HA/PCL-PEG-PCL composite scaffolds were subjected to a 3-week degradation test and showed negligible (0.2-0.5%) degradation. The water uptake percentage of the composite scaffolds with 60% porosity was the highest among all groups. Presence of HA in the scaffolds improved the water adsorption and the mechanical properties. Compressive strength of the scaffolds was between 9.32 and 24.27 MPa and 20% 2Sr0.5BHA scaffolds were found to have the maximum compressive strength. Compressive strength of 50% porous samples was higher than that of 60% porous samples. In the relative cell viability (%) test, the highest viability was observed on the scaffolds with HA and 2Sr0.5BHA. The specific ALP activity level of the cells on the scaffolds containing 2Sr0.5BHA was significantly higher (2.6 times) than that of the control group. The amount of porosity did not make a significant difference in cellular response. It was concluded that PCL-PEG-PCL composite scaffolds with 2Sr0.5BHA have the potential to be used in BTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buşra Yedekçi
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bengi Yılmaz
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Department of Biomaterials, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Teyfik Demir
- TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zafer Evis
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sonatkar J, Kandasubramanian B. Bioactive glass with biocompatible polymers for bone applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
16
|
Singh YP, Dasgupta S, Bhaskar R, Agrawal AK. Monetite addition into gelatin based freeze-dried scaffolds for improved mechanical and osteogenic properties. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34624878 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac2e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at fabricating monetite nanoparticles impregnated gelatin-based composite scaffold to improve the chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. Scaffolds were fabricated using a freeze-drying technique of the slurry containing a varying proportion of gelatin and monetite. The lyophilized scaffolds were cross-linked with 0.25 wt% glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous microstructure with improved mechanical strength and stability in a physiological environment. The fabricated scaffolds possessed >80% porosity having 3D interconnected pore size distribution varying between 65 and 270 μm as evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The average pore size of the prepared scaffold decreased with monetite addition as reflected in values of 210 μm for pure gelatin GM0scaffold and 118 μm registered by GM20scaffold. On increase in monetite content up to 20 wt% of total polymer concentration, compressive strength of the prepared scaffolds was increased from 0.92 MPa in pure gelatin-based GM0to 2.43 MPa in GM20. Up to 20 wt% of monetite reinforced composite scaffolds exhibited higher bioactivity as compared to that observed in pure gelatin-based GM0scaffold. Simulated body fluid (SBF) study and alizarin red assays confirmed higher bio-mineralization ability of GM20as compared to that exhibited by GM0. Human preosteoblast cells (MG-63) revealed higher degree of filopodia and lamellipodia extensions and excellent spreading behavior to anchor with GM20matrix as compared to that onto GM0and GM10. MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase staining study indicated that MG-63 cells found a more conducive environment to proliferate and subsequently differentiate into osteoblast lineage when exposed to GM20scaffolds rather than to GM0and GM10. This study revealed that up to 20 wt% monetite addition in gelatin could improve the performance of prepared scaffolds and serve as an efficient candidate to repair and regenerate bone tissues at musculoskeletal defect sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yuste I, Luciano FC, González-Burgos E, Lalatsa A, Serrano DR. Mimicking bone microenvironment: 2D and 3D in vitro models of human osteoblasts. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105626. [PMID: 33892092 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the in vitro biology and behavior of human osteoblasts is crucial for developing research models that reproduce closely the bone structure, its functions, and the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that occurs in vivo. Mimicking bone microenvironment is challenging, but necessary, to ensure the clinical translation of novel medicines to treat more reliable different bone pathologies. Currently, bone tissue engineering is moving from 2D cell culture models such as traditional culture, sandwich culture, micro-patterning, and altered substrate stiffness, towards more complex 3D models including spheroids, scaffolds, cell sheets, hydrogels, bioreactors, and microfluidics chips. There are many different factors, such cell line type, cell culture media, substrate roughness and stiffness that need consideration when developing in vitro models as they affect significantly the microenvironment and hence, the final outcome of the in vitro assay. Advanced technologies, such as 3D bioprinting and microfluidics, have allowed the development of more complex structures, bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo models. In this review, past and current 2D and 3D in vitro models for human osteoblasts will be described in detail, highlighting the culture conditions and outcomes achieved, as well as the challenges and limitations of each model, offering a widen perspective on how these models can closely mimic the bone microenvironment and for which applications have shown more successful results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Yuste
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F C Luciano
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E González-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Lalatsa
- Biomaterials, Bio-engineering and Nanomedicine (BioN) Lab, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2 DT, UK
| | - D R Serrano
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Farmacia Industrial. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fanaee S, Labbaf S, Enayati MH, Karamali F, Esfahani MHN. A nano approach towards the creation of a biointerface as stimulator of osteogenic differentiation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111746. [PMID: 33545888 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a great need for tissue engineering constructs with the ability to modulate stem cell behavior. The initial adhesion, growth and differentiation of stem cell are a key strategy in bone tissue engineering and it can be controlled through biomaterial-cell interface. Here we engineered a polycaprolactone/gelatin/bioactive glass (PCL/GT/BG) nanocomposite scaffold coated with Fibronectin (FN) as a potential candidate to aid the bone regeneration process by giving cells a temporary template to grow into. For this purpose, initially BG nanoparticles (nBG) of 70 ± 15 nm were synthesized, characterized and then impregnated into PCL/GT matrix to create a nanocomposite fibrous mesh. An optimized structure was selected based on fiber uniformity, diameter, and the mechanical properties. Cell adhesion, growth, and the expression of osteogenic-related genes as a result of FN tethering, through specific surface interactions, was evaluated. Furthermore, the potential of optimized nanofiberous structure as a drug delivery vehicle for the local release of therapeutic agents was studied by using amoxicillin as a model drug. The release profile revealed that around 70% of drug was released in an hour for non-crosslinked fibers (burst release) followed by a gradual release up to 72 h. The release profile was steadier for crosslinked fibers. The scaffold also showed an antibacterial effect against ubiquitous gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The current study provides an insight for future researchers who aim to create nanocomposite materials as multifunctional scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Fanaee
- Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Sheyda Labbaf
- Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Enayati
- Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Karamali
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rittipakorn P, Thuaksuban N, Mai-ngam K, Charoenla S, Noppakunmongkolchai W. Bioactivity of a Novel Polycaprolactone-Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Used as a Carrier of Low Dose BMP-2: An In Vitro Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030466. [PMID: 33535638 PMCID: PMC7867198 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds of polycaprolactone-30% hydroxyapatite (PCL-30% HA) were fabricated using melt stretching and multilayer deposition (MSMD), and the in vitro response of osteoblasts to the scaffolds was assessed. In group A, the scaffolds were immersed in 10 µg/mL bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) solution prior to being seeded with osteoblasts, and they were cultured in the medium without BMP-2. In group B, the cell-scaffold constructs without BMP-2 were cultured in medium containing 10 µg/mL BMP-2. The results showed greater cell proliferation in group A. The upregulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin genes correlated with the release of BMP-2 from the scaffolds. The PCL-30% HA MSMD scaffolds appear to be suitable for use as osteoconductive frameworks and BMP-2 carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawornwan Rittipakorn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Nuttawut Thuaksuban
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-954592492
| | - Katanchalee Mai-ngam
- Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation (MHESRI), Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.M.-n.); (S.C.); (W.N.)
| | - Satrawut Charoenla
- Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation (MHESRI), Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.M.-n.); (S.C.); (W.N.)
| | - Warobon Noppakunmongkolchai
- Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation (MHESRI), Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.M.-n.); (S.C.); (W.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sohrabi M, Eftekhari Yekta B, Rezaie H, Naimi-Jamal MR, Kumar A, Cochis A, Miola M, Rimondini L. Enhancing Mechanical Properties and Biological Performances of Injectable Bioactive Glass by Gelatin and Chitosan for Bone Small Defect Repair. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120616. [PMID: 33334044 PMCID: PMC7765522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) represents a promising biomaterial for bone healing; here injectable BG pastes biological properties were improved by the addition of gelatin or chitosan, as well as mechanical resistance was enhanced by adding 10 or 20 wt% 3-Glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) cross-linker. Composite pastes exhibited bioactivity as apatite formation was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) after 14 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF); moreover, polymers did not enhance degradability as weight loss was >10% after 30 days in physiological conditions. BG-gelatin-20 wt% GPTMS composites demonstrated the highest compressive strength (4.8 ± 0.5 MPa) in comparison with the bulk control paste made of 100% BG in water (1.9 ± 0.1 MPa). Cytocompatibility was demonstrated towards human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC), osteoblasts progenitors, and endothelial cells. The presence of 20 wt% GPTMS conferred antibacterial properties thus inhibiting the joint pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis infection. Finally, hMSC osteogenesis was successfully supported in a 3D model as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase release and osteogenic genes expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Sohrabi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Bijan Eftekhari Yekta
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.Y.); (L.R.)
| | - Hamidreza Rezaie
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran; (M.S.); (H.R.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran;
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Marta Miola
- Institute of Materials Engineering and Physics, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy;
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.K.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.Y.); (L.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kuzmenka D, Sewohl C, König A, Flath T, Hahnel S, Schulze FP, Hacker MC, Schulz-Siegmund M. Sustained Calcium(II)-Release to Impart Bioactivity in Hybrid Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1192. [PMID: 33302527 PMCID: PMC7764395 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we integrated different calcium sources into sol-gel hybrid glass scaffolds with the aim of producing implants with long-lasting calcium release while maintaining mechanical strength of the implant. Calcium(II)-release was used to introduce bioactivity to the material and eventually support implant integration into a bone tissue defect. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) derived silica sols were cross-linked with an ethoxysilylated 4-armed macromer, pentaerythritol ethoxylate and processed into macroporous scaffolds with defined pore structure by indirect rapid prototyping. Triethyl phosphate (TEP) was shown to function as silica sol solvent. In a first approach, we investigated the integration of 1 to 10% CaCl2 in order to test the hypothesis that small CaCl2 amounts can be physically entrapped and slowly released from hybrid glass scaffolds. With 5 and 10% CaCl2 we observed an extensive burst release, whereas slightly improved release profiles were found for lower Calcium(II) contents. In contrast, introduction of melt-derived bioactive 45S5 glass microparticles (BG-MP) into the hybrid glass scaffolds as another Calcium(II) source led to an approximately linear release of Calcium(II) in Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) buffer over 12 weeks. pH increase caused by BG-MP could be controlled by their amount integrated into the scaffolds. Compression strength remained unchanged compared to scaffolds without BG-MP. In cell culture medium as well as in simulated body fluid, we observed a rapid formation of a carbonated hydroxyapatite layer on BG-MP containing scaffolds. However, this mineral layer consumed the released Calcium(II) ions and prevented an additional increase in Calcium(II) concentration in the cell culture medium. Cell culture studies on the different scaffolds with osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells as well as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) did not show any advantages concerning osteogenic differentiation due to the integration of BG-MP into the scaffolds. Nonetheless, via the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer and the ability to control the pH increase, we speculate that implant integration in vivo and bone regeneration may benefit from this concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry Kuzmenka
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
| | - Claudia Sewohl
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
| | - Andreas König
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Tobias Flath
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Leipzig, 04277 Leipzig, Germany; (T.F.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Fritz Peter Schulze
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Leipzig, 04277 Leipzig, Germany; (T.F.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Michael C. Hacker
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany; (D.K.); (C.S.); (M.C.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Posa F, Di Benedetto A, Ravagnan G, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Lo Muzio L, Percoco G, Mori G. Bioengineering Bone Tissue with 3D Printed Scaffolds in the Presence of Oligostilbenes. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204471. [PMID: 33050281 PMCID: PMC7601568 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diseases determining bone tissue loss have a high impact on people of any age. Bone healing can be improved using a therapeutic approach based on tissue engineering. Scientific research is demonstrating that among bone regeneration techniques, interesting results, in filling of bone lesions and dehiscence have been obtained using adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) integrated with biocompatible scaffolds. The geometry of the scaffold has critical effects on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Many cytokines and compounds have been demonstrated to be effective in promoting MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Oligostilbenes, such as Resveratrol (Res) and Polydatin (Pol), can increase MSCs osteoblastic features. 3D printing is an excellent technique to create scaffolds customized for the lesion and thus optimized for the patient. In this work we analyze osteoblastic features of adult MSCs integrated with 3D-printed polycarbonate scaffolds differentiated in the presence of oligostilbenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.B.); (L.L.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Heidelberg University and Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.B.); (L.L.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, Spin off Accademico dell’Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Via delle Industrie 19b-30175 Venezia, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Heidelberg University and Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.B.); (L.L.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Gianluca Percoco
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.B.); (L.L.M.); (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Montalbano G, Borciani G, Cerqueni G, Licini C, Banche-Niclot F, Janner D, Sola S, Fiorilli S, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Ciapetti G, Vitale-Brovarone C. Collagen Hybrid Formulations for the 3D Printing of Nanostructured Bone Scaffolds: An Optimized Genipin-Crosslinking Strategy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1681. [PMID: 32867075 PMCID: PMC7558137 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone-tissue regeneration induced by biomimetic bioactive materials is the most promising approach alternative to the clinical ones used to treat bone loss caused by trauma or diseases such as osteoporosis. The goal is to design nanostructured bioactive constructs able to reproduce the physiological environment: By mimicking the natural features of bone tissue, the cell behavior during the regeneration process may be addressed. At present, 3D-printing technologies are the only techniques able to design complex structures avoiding constraints of final shape and porosity. However, this type of biofabrication requires complex optimization of biomaterial formulations in terms of specific rheological and mechanical properties while preserving high biocompatibility. In this work, we combined nano-sized mesoporous bioactive glasses enriched with strontium ions with type I collagen, to formulate a bioactive ink for 3D-printing technologies. Moreover, to avoid the premature release of strontium ions within the crosslinking medium and to significantly increase the material mechanical and thermal stability, we applied an optimized chemical treatment using ethanol-dissolved genipin solutions. The high biocompatibility of the hybrid system was confirmed by using MG-63 and Saos-2 osteoblast-like cell lines, further highlighting the great potential of the innovative nanocomposite for the design of bone-like scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Montalbano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Giorgia Borciani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Caterina Licini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Federica Banche-Niclot
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Davide Janner
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefania Sola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gajaria TK, Bhatt H, Khandelwal A, Vasu VT, Reddy CRK, Shanthana Lakshmi D. A facile chemical cross-linking approach toward the fabrication of a sustainable porous ulvan scaffold. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520939986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ulvans represent one of the most abundant marine-derived macromolecular sulfated polysaccharides accounting for numerous biological applications including in one of the fastest growing field of biomedical sciences. Tissue engineering based on biologically inspired and naturally derived polymers has been one of the prime focuses of regenerative medicine. The present investigation is intended to explore an ionic cross-linking approach at higher pH lead by the calcium ions for casting cell growth promoting scaffolds out of the raw ulvan. The characterization studies using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy represent specific absorptions at 2950, 980, and 600 cm−1, whereas the x-ray diffraction showed a total absence of major crystalline peaks presenting significant shift to an amorphous state. The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study revealed functional group modifications in the backbone that might be potentially derived from calcium interactions with glucurorhamnose 3-sulfate and iduronorhamnose 3-sulfate. The atomic force microscopy together with field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping revealed the resultant surface changes, whereas confocal microscopy z-stacking showed the cell proliferative activity as evident by the attainment of complete morphology. The combined chemical and biological response of the scaffold makes it a well suitable support for its cell culture and tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tejal K Gajaria
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Himadri Bhatt
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Ankit Khandelwal
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- Navrachana University, Vadodara, India
| | - Vihas T Vasu
- Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - CRK Reddy
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Present address-DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - D Shanthana Lakshmi
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang B, Johnson A, Li W. Development of an extracellular matrix‐enriched gelatin sponge for liver wound dressing. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2057-2068. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Alexia Johnson
- Department of Biology Alabama State University Montgomery Alabama USA
| | - Wuwei Li
- Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, School of Stomatology Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bonetti L, Altomare L, Bono N, Panno E, Campiglio CE, Draghi L, Candiani G, Farè S, Boccaccini AR, De Nardo L. Electrophoretic processing of chitosan based composite scaffolds with Nb-doped bioactive glass for bone tissue regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:43. [PMID: 32358696 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs), due to their ability to influence osteogenic cell functions, have become attractive materials to improve loaded and unloaded bone regeneration. BG systems can be easily doped with several metallic ions (e.g., Ag, Sr, Cu, Nb) in order to confer antibacterial properties. In particular, Nb, when compared with other metal ions, has been reported to be less cytotoxic and possess the ability to enhance mineralization process in human osteoblast populations. In this study, we co-deposited, through one-pot electrophoretic deposition (EPD), chitosan (CS), gelatin (GE) and a modified BG containing Nb to obtain substrates with antibacterial activity for unloaded bone regeneration. Self-standing composite scaffolds, with a defined porosity (15-90 μm) and homogeneous dispersion of BGs were obtained. TGA analysis revealed a BG loading of about 10% in the obtained scaffolds. The apatite formation ability of the scaffolds was evaluated in vitro in simulated body fluid (SBF). SEM observations, XRD and FT-IR spectra showed a slow (21-28 days) yet effective nucleation of CaP species on BGs. In particular, FT-IR peak around 603 cm-1 and XRD peak at 2θ = 32°, denoted the formation of a mineral phase after SBF immersion. In vitro biological investigation revealed that the release of Nb from composite scaffolds had no cytotoxic effects. Interestingly, BG-doped Nb scaffolds displayed antibacterial properties, reducing S. lutea and E. coli growth of ≈60% and ≈50%, respectively. Altogether, the obtained results disclose the produced composite scaffolds as promising materials with inherent antibacterial activity for bone tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lina Altomare
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121, Florence, Italy.
| | - Nina Bono
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Panno
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Emma Campiglio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Orshesh Z, Borhan S, Kafashan H. Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 31:93-109. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1675226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Orshesh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Borhan
- Materials and Chemical Engineering Faculty, Buein Zahra Technical University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hosein Kafashan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chiesa I, Fortunato GM, Lapomarda A, Di Pietro L, Biagini F, De Acutis A, Bernazzani L, Tinè MR, De Maria C, Vozzi G. Ultrasonic mixing chamber as an effective tool for the biofabrication of fully graded scaffolds for interface tissue engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2019; 42:586-594. [DOI: 10.1177/0391398819852960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges of the interface-tissue engineering is the regeneration of diseased or damaged interfacial native tissues that are heterogeneous both in composition and in structure. In order to achieve this objective, innovative fabrication techniques have to be investigated. This work describes the design, fabrication, and validation of a novel mixing system to be integrated into a double-extruder bioprinter, based on an ultrasonic probe included into a mixing chamber. To validate the quality and the influence of mixing time, different nanohydroxyapatite–gelatin samples were printed. Mechanical characterization, micro-computed tomography, and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out. Samples obtained from three-dimensional bioprinting using the mixing chamber were compared to samples obtained by deposition of the same final solution obtained by manually operated ultrasound probe, showing no statistical differences. Results obtained from samples characterization allow to consider the proposed mixing system as a promising tool for the fabrication of graduated structures which are increasingly being used in interface-tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Chiesa
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Maria Fortunato
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Lapomarda
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Licia Di Pietro
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Biagini
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurora De Acutis
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Bernazzani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tinè
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:817-830. [PMID: 31002908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chitosan based polymer/bioglass composites for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:955-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
31
|
Caddeo S, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Cassino C, Barbani N, Dicarlo M, Gentile P, Baino F, Sartori S, Vitale-Brovarone C, Ciardelli G. Newly-designed collagen/polyurethane bioartificial blend as coating on bioactive glass-ceramics for bone tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:218-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
32
|
Woźniak MJ, Chlanda A, Oberbek P, Heljak M, Czarnecka K, Janeta M, John Ł. Binary bioactive glass composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering-Structure and mechanical properties in micro and nano scale. A preliminary study. Micron 2018; 119:64-71. [PMID: 30682529 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Composite scaffolds of bioactive glass (SiO2-CaO) and bioresorbable polyesters: poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were produced by polymer coating of porous foams. Their structure and mechanical properties were investigated in micro and nanoscale, by the means of scanning electron microscopy, PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Property Mapping (PF-QNM) atomic force microscopy, micro-computed tomography and contact angle measurements. This is one of the first studies in which the nanomechanical properties (elastic modulus, adhesion) were measured and mapped simultaneously with topography imaging (PF-QNM AFM) for bioactive glass and bioactive glass - polymer coated scaffolds. Our findings show that polymer coated scaffolds had higher average roughness and lower stiffness in comparison to pure bioactive glass scaffolds. Such coating-dependent scaffold properties may promote different cells-scaffold interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał J Woźniak
- University Research Center - Functional Materials, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; MJW RnD, Nowy Swiat 33/13, 00-029 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Adrian Chlanda
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Oberbek
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, Czerniakowska, 16, 00-701 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Heljak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czarnecka
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego, 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Janeta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz John
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Importance of crosslinking strategies in designing smart biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: A systematic review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 96:941-954. [PMID: 30606606 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials are of significant importance in biomedical applications as these biological macromolecules have moderately replaced classical tissue grafting techniques owing to its beneficial properties. Despite of its favourable advantages, poor mechanical and degradative properties of biomaterials are of great concern. To this regard, crosslinkers have emerged as a smart and promising tool to augment the biological functionality of biopolymers. Different crosslinkers have been extensively used in past decades to develop bone substitutes, but the implications of toxic response and adverse reactions are truly precarious after implantation. Traditional crosslinker like glutaraldehyde has been widely used in numerous bio-implants but the potential toxicity is largely being debated with many disproving views. As alternative, green chemicals, enzymatic and non-enzymatic chemicals, bi-functional epoxies, zero-length crosslinkers and physical crosslinkers have been introduced to achieve the desired properties of a bone substitute. In this review, systematic literature search was performed on PubMed database to identify the most commonly used crosslinkers for developing promising bone like materials. The relevant articles were identified, analysed and reviewed in this paper giving due importance to different crosslinking methodologies and comparing their effectiveness and efficacy in regard to material composition, scaffold production, crosslinker dosage, toxicity and immunogenicity. This review summarizes the recent developments in crosslinking mechanism with an emphasis placed on their ability to link proteins through bonding reactions. Finally, this study also covers the convergent and divergent methodologies of crosslinking strategies also giving special importance in retrieving the current limitations and future opportunities of crosslinking modalities in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
34
|
De Giglio E, Bonifacio MA, Ferreira AM, Cometa S, Ti ZY, Stanzione A, Dalgarno K, Gentile P. Multi-compartment scaffold fabricated via 3D-printing as in vitro co-culture osteogenic model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15130. [PMID: 30310164 PMCID: PMC6181937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of in vitro 3D models to get insights into the mechanisms of bone regeneration could accelerate the translation of experimental findings to the clinic, reducing costs and duration of experiments. This work explores the design and manufacturing of multi-compartments structures in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 3D-printed by Fused Filament Fabrication technique. The construct was designed with interconnected stalls to host stem cells and endothelial cells. Cells were encapsulated within an optimised gellan gum (GG)-based hydrogel matrix, crosslinked using strontium (Sr2+) ions to exploit its bioactivity and finally, assembled within compartments with different sizes. Calcium (Ca2+)-crosslinked gels were also used as control for comparison of Sr2+ osteogenic effect. The results obtained demonstrated that Sr2+ ions were successfully diffused within the hydrogel matrix and increased the hydrogel matrix strength properties under compressive load. The in vitro co-culture of human-TERT mesenchymal stem cells (TERT- hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), encapsulated within Sr2+ ions containing GG-hydrogels and inter-connected by compartmentalised scaffolds under osteogenic conditions, enhanced cell viability and supported osteogenesis, with a significant increase of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin and osteocalcin respect with the Ca2+-crosslinked GG-PCL scaffolds. These outcomes demonstrate that the design and manufacturing of compartmentalised co-culture of TERT-hMSCs and HUVEC populations enables an effective system to study and promote osteogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy.
| | - Maria A Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | | | - Zhi Yuan Ti
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Antonella Stanzione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mechanical, material, and biological study of a PCL/bioactive glass bone scaffold: Importance of viscoelasticity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:280-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Synergistic combination of natural bioadhesive bael fruit gum and chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite: A ternary bioactive nanohybrid for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:215-224. [PMID: 30036627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have explored the polysaccharide nature of bael fruit gum (BFG) motivated from the current findings about the substantial role of the polysaccharides in bone tissue engineering. The nanocomposite scaffold (CSH-BFG) was prepared by blending BFG, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and chitosan (CS) by co-precipitation approach and compared with n-HA and CS binary system (CSH). The analysis of different properties was carried out by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD and mechanical testing. The CSH-BFG scaffolds revealed a rough morphology and uniform distribution of particles along with strong chemical interactions among different components compared to the CSH scaffold. The incorporation of BFG in the scaffold resulted in significant increase of the compressive strength, compressive modulus, protein adsorption, biodegradation and swelling behaviour. The ternary system exhibited superior antibacterial activity against different bacterial pathogens compared to the binary system. The in vitro biomineralization ability was elucidated from the formation of thick apatite layer complementing the result of ARS study in the CSH-BFG nanocomposite. Our findings also revealed that BFG reinforced CSH nanocomposite exhibited enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, osteogenic differentiation along with phenomenal cytocompatibility. Overall, our results signified that the fabricated CSH-BFG nanocomposite carries enormous potential to be applied in the bone remodelling procedures.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ciraldo FE, Boccardi E, Melli V, Westhauser F, Boccaccini AR. Tackling bioactive glass excessive in vitro bioreactivity: Preconditioning approaches for cell culture tests. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:3-10. [PMID: 29772346 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are being increasingly considered for biomedical applications in bone and soft tissue replacement approaches thanks to their ability to form strong bonding with tissues. However, due to their high reactivity once in contact with water-based solutions BGs rapidly exchange ions with the surrounding environment leading in most cases to an undesired increase of the pH under static in vitro conditions (due to alkaline ion "burst release"), making difficult or even impossible to perform cell culture studies. Several pre-conditioning treatments have been therefore proposed in laboratories worldwide to limit this problem. This paper presents an overview of the different strategies that have been put forward to pre-treat BG samples to tackle the pH raise issue in order to enable cell biology studies. The paper also discusses the relevant criteria that determine the selection of the optimal pre-treatment depending on the BG composition and morphology (e.g. particles, scaffolds). STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Bioactive glasses (BGs), since their discovery in 1971 by L.L Hench, have been widely used for bone replacement and repair, and, more recently, they are becoming highly attractive for bone and soft tissue engineering applications. BGs have in fact the ability to form a strong bond with both hard and soft tissues once in contact with biological fluid. The enhanced interaction of BGs with the biological environment is based on their significant surface bioreactivity. This surface effect of BGs is, on the other hand, problematic for cell biology studies by standard (static) cell culture methods: an excessive bioreactivity leads in most cases to a rapid and dramatic increase of the pH of the surrounding medium, which results in cell death and makes cell culture tests on BG samples impossible. The BG research community has been aware of this for many years and numerous pre-treatments have been proposed by different groups worldwide to limit this problem. For the first time, we have reviewed in this paper the variety of surface preconditioning treatments that have been put forward over the years, we provide a summary of such pre-treatments used in laboratory practice, discussing and offering criteria that can be used for the determination of the optimal pre-treatment depending on BG composition and morphology of the sample tested (bulk, particulate, scaffolds). The information and discussion provided in this review should support best research practice when testing bioactive glasses in cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca E Ciraldo
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elena Boccardi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Virginia Melli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta'. Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Centre of Orthopaedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Frazier SD, Aday AN, Srubar WV. On-Demand Microwave-Assisted Fabrication of Gelatin Foams. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051121. [PMID: 29747398 PMCID: PMC6100080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraporous gelatin foams (porosity >94%, ρ ≈ 0.039–0.056 g/cm3) have been fabricated via microwave radiation. The resulting foam structures are unique with regard to pore morphology (i.e., closed-cell) and exhibit 100% macroporosity (pore size 332 to 1700 μm), presence of an external skin, and densities similar to aerogels. Results indicate that the primary foaming mechanism is governed by the vaporization of water that is tightly bound in secondary structures (i.e., helices, β-turns, β-sheets) that are present in dehydrated gelatin films but not present in the foams after microwave radiation (700 Watts).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane D Frazier
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Anastasia N Aday
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Wil V Srubar
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kaczmarek B, Sionkowska A. Chitosan/collagen blends with inorganic and organic additive-A review. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Kaczmarek
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń; Toruń Poland
| | - A. Sionkowska
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń; Toruń Poland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hou G, Zhou F, Guo Y, Yang Z, Li A, Wang C, Qiu D. In vivo study of a bioactive nanoparticle-gelatin composite scaffold for bone defect repair in rabbits. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:181. [PMID: 29022190 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose is to study the in vivo bioactivity of this scaffold and verify its ability to simulate the characteristics of cancellous bone. Twenty-four adult New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups. Bone defects above the femoral condylar of both sides were created. A newly designed bioactive nanoparticle-gelatin composite scaffold was implanted to the experimental side, while the control side was left without implantation. The repair of bone defect was monitored by X-ray examination, gross observation, Micro-CT examination and histological observation of the area of bone defect 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. There was void of new bone tissue in medullary cavity in the bone defect area of the control side. In the experimental side, the composite scaffold displayed excellent biodegradability, bioactivity and cyto-compatibility. With the time laps, new bone tissue grew from the edge to center as revealed by both Micro-CT image and staining biopsy, which complies with the "creeping substitution" process. The mechanical properties of the newly designed bioactive nanoparticle-gelatin composite scaffold and the 3-D structure of new bone tissue are comparable to the surrounding cancellous bones. This newly developed bioactive nanoparticle-gelatin composite scaffold possesses good biocompatibility and in vivo osteogenic capability for bone defect repair. It may be a promising artificial bone grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No 49, North Garden Rd, HaiDian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No 49, North Garden Rd, HaiDian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No 49, North Garden Rd, HaiDian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No 49, North Garden Rd, HaiDian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No 49, North Garden Rd, HaiDian District, 100191, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
The role played by modified bioinspired surfaces in interfacial properties of biomaterials. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:683-698. [PMID: 28831703 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of a biomaterial relies on an appropriate interaction between the surface of that biomaterial and the surrounding environment; more specifically, the success of a biomaterial depends on how fluids, proteins, and cells interact with the foreign material. For this reason, the surface properties of biomaterial, such as composition, charge, wettability, and roughness, must be optimized for a desired application to be achieved. In this review we highlight different bioinspired approaches that are used to manipulate and fine-tune the interfacial properties of biomaterials. Inspired by noteworthy natural processes, researchers have developed materials with a functional anatomy that range from hierarchical hybrid structures to self-cleaning interfaces. In this review we focus on (1) the creation of particles and modified surfaces inspired by the structure and composition of biogenic mineralized tissues, (2) the development of biofunctional coatings, (3) materials inspired by biomembranes and proteins, and (4) the design of superwettable materials. Our intention is to point out different bioinspired methodologies that have been used to design materials for biomedical applications and to discuss how interfacial properties modified by manipulation of these materials determine their final biological response. Our objective is to present future research directions and to highlight the potential of bioinspired materials. We hope this review will provide an understanding of the interplay between interfacial properties and biological response so that successful biomaterials can be achieved.
Collapse
|
42
|
Insight into halloysite nanotubes-loaded gellan gum hydrogels for soft tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 163:280-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
43
|
On the adhesion-cohesion balance and oxygen consumption characteristics of liver organoids. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173206. [PMID: 28267799 PMCID: PMC5340403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver organoids (LOs) are of interest in tissue replacement, hepatotoxicity and pathophysiological studies. However, it is still unclear what triggers LO self-assembly and what the optimal environment is for their culture. Hypothesizing that LO formation occurs as a result of a fine balance between cell-substrate adhesion and cell-cell cohesion, we used 3 cell types (hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells) to investigate LO self-assembly on different substrates keeping the culture parameters (e.g. culture media, cell types/number) and substrate stiffness constant. As cellular spheroids may suffer from oxygen depletion in the core, we also sought to identify the optimal culture conditions for LOs in order to guarantee an adequate supply of oxygen during proliferation and differentiation. The oxygen consumption characteristics of LOs were measured using an O2 sensor and used to model the O2 concentration gradient in the organoids. We show that no LO formation occurs on highly adhesive hepatic extra-cellular matrix-based substrates, suggesting that cellular aggregation requires an optimal trade-off between the adhesiveness of a substrate and the cohesive forces between cells and that this balance is modulated by substrate mechanics. Thus, in addition to substrate stiffness, physicochemical properties, which are also critical for cell adhesion, play a role in LO self-assembly.
Collapse
|
44
|
Al-Namnam NM, Kutty MG, Chai WL, Ha KO, Kim KH, Siar CH, Ngeow WC. An injectable poly(caprolactone trifumarate-gelatin microparticles) (PCLTF-GMPs) scaffold for irregular bone defects: Physical and mechanical characteristics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 72:332-340. [PMID: 28024594 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a modified form of a three-dimension (3D) porous poly(caprolactone-trifumarate) (PCLTF) scaffold has been produced using a fabrication technique that involves gelatin microparticles porogen leaching. This poly(caprolactone trifumarate-gelatin microparticles) (PCLTF-GMPs) scaffold has been shown to be biocompatible, more flowable clinically, and has a shorter degradation time as compared to its existing predecessors. In this report, a detailed characterization of this new scaffold was performed by testing its cytocompatibility, analyzing the surface topography, and understanding its thermal, physical and mechanical properties. The result showed that the PCLTF-GMPs has no critical cytotoxic effect. To confirm improvement, the surface properties were compared against the older version of PCLTF fabricated using salt porogen leaching. This PCLTF-GMPs scaffold showed no significant difference (unpaired t-test; p>0.05) in mechanical properties before and after gelatin leaching. However, it is mechanically weaker when compared to its predecessors. It has a high biodegradability rate of 16weeks. The pore size produced ranges from 40 to 300μm, and the RMS roughness is 613.7±236.9nm. These characteristics are condusive for osteoblast in-growth, as observed by the extension of filopodia across the macropores. Overall, this newly produced material has good thermal, physical and mechanical properties that complements its biocompatibility and ease of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisreen Mohammed Al-Namnam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muralithran Govindan Kutty
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wen Lin Chai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Oon Ha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Hwi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chong Huat Siar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei Cheong Ngeow
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kargozar S, Hashemian SJ, Soleimani M, Milan PB, Askari M, Khalaj V, Samadikuchaksaraie A, Hamzehlou S, Katebi AR, Latifi N, Mozafari M, Baino F. Acceleration of bone regeneration in bioactive glass/gelatin composite scaffolds seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells over-expressing bone morphogenetic protein-7. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:688-698. [PMID: 28415516 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the osteoinduction effect of a novel variant of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), delivered through bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) seeded on bioactive glass/gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds, was evaluated in a calvarial critical size defect in rats. After being harvested and characterized in vitro, BM-MSCs were infected by a plasmid vector containing BMP-7 encoding gene enriched with a heparin-binding site (B2BMP-7) to assess its osteogenic effects in vivo. The animals were randomly categorized into three groups receiving the scaffold alone (group I), the scaffold seeded with BM-MSCs (group II), and the scaffold seeded with manipulated BM-MSCs (group III). After 2, 4 and 12 postoperative weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the harvested specimens were analyzed using histological and immunohistochemical staining. The results of in vitro tests (preliminary screening) showed that the synthesized scaffolds were biocompatible constructs supporting cell attachment and expansion. The in vivo results revealed higher osteogenesis in the defects filled with the B2BMP-7 excreting BM-MSCs/scaffolds compared to the other two groups. After 12weeks of implantation, fully mature newly formed bone was detected throughout the damaged site, which indicates a synergistic effect of cells, scaffolds and growth factors in the process of tissue regeneration. Therefore, bioactive glass-containing scaffolds pre-seeded with manipulated BM-MSCs exhibit an effective combination to improve osteogenesis in bone defects, and the approach followed in this work could have a significant impact in the development of novel tissue engineering constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- National Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jafar Hashemian
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Askari
- National Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khalaj
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Samadikuchaksaraie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Katebi
- Department of Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noorahmad Latifi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), P.O. Box 14155-4777, Tehran, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shankar KG, Gostynska N, Montesi M, Panseri S, Sprio S, Kon E, Marcacci M, Tampieri A, Sandri M. Investigation of different cross-linking approaches on 3D gelatin scaffolds for tissue engineering application: A comparative analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:1199-1209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Jahan K, Tabrizian M. Composite biopolymers for bone regeneration enhancement in bony defects. Biomater Sci 2017; 4:25-39. [PMID: 26317131 DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00163c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
For the past century, various biomaterials have been used in the treatment of bone defects and fractures. Their role as potential substitutes for human bone grafts increases as donors become scarce. Metals, ceramics and polymers are all materials that confer different advantages to bone scaffold development. For instance, biocompatibility is a highly desirable property for which naturally-derived polymers are renowned. While generally applied separately, the use of biomaterials, in particular natural polymers, is likely to change, as biomaterial research moves towards mixing different types of materials in order to maximize their individual strengths. This review focuses on osteoconductive biocomposite scaffolds which are constructed around natural polymers and their performance at the in vitro/in vivo stages and in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Jahan
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B2, Canada.
| | - M Tabrizian
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B2, Canada. and Biomedical Engineering, Duff Medical Building, Room 313, McGill, Montreal, H3A 2B4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Guo W, Zhao F, Wang Y, Tang J, Chen X. Characterization of the mechanical behaviors and bioactivity of tetrapod ZnO whiskers reinforced bioactive glass/gelatin composite scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 68:8-15. [PMID: 28135640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to construct bone tissue engineering scaffold with high porosity, good mechanical properties, and biological activities. Bioactive glass/gelatin composite scaffolds with different amounts of tetrapod zinc oxide whiskers were produced. The morphology, mechanical properties and in vitro bioactivity of the composite scaffolds were investigated. Results showed that, the composite scaffolds had open pores with a high degree of interconnectivity, and the porosity was higher than 80%. With the amount of ZnO whiskers increased, the mechanical properties of scaffolds increased. However, the reinforcing effect began to decrease when the addition is higher than 2wt%, which was resulted by the aggregation of the ZnO whiskers. In vitro test showed that, the composite scaffolds processed good biodegradability, and in vitro apatite-forming ability. The release of zinc ions retarded the growth of the HCA, so the HCA deposited on the scaffolds with ZnO was amorphous and worm-like. Furthermore, the composite scaffolds had good biocompatibility assessed by in vitro cell tests using rMSCs. All results are promising for the application of the composite scaffolds in bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihuang Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fujian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jieyin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kolan K, Liu Y, Baldridge J, Murphy C, Semon J, Day D, Leu M. Solvent Based 3D Printing of Biopolymer/Bioactive Glass Composite and Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
50
|
Pazarçeviren E, Erdemli Ö, Keskin D, Tezcaner A. Clinoptilolite/PCL–PEG–PCL composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:1148-1168. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216680152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize highly porous clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) composite scaffolds. Scaffolds with different clinoptilolite contents (10% and 20%) were fabricated with reproducible solvent-free powder compression/particulate leaching technique. The scaffolds had interconnective porosity in the range of 55–76%. Clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds showed negligible degradation within eight weeks and displayed less water uptake and higher bioactivity than poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds. The presence of clinoptilolite improved the mechanical properties. Highest compressive strength (5.6 MPa) and modulus (114.84 MPa) were reached with scaffold group containing 20% clinoptilolite. In vitro protein adsorption capacity of the scaffolds was also higher for clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds. These scaffolds had 0.95 mg protein/g scaffold adsorption capacity and also higher osteoinductivity in terms of enhanced ALP, OSP activities and intracellular calcium deposition. Stoichiometric apatite deposition (Ca/P=1.686) was observed during cellular proliferation analysis with human fetal osteoblasts cells. Thus, it can be suggested that clinoptilolite/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) composite scaffolds could be promising carriers for enhancement of bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Engin Pazarçeviren
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Erdemli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Çankaya University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- METU, BIOMATEN Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- METU, BIOMATEN Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|