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Gao J, Xiao N, Wang Q, Xu Z, Xiao F, Yang Z, Wei W, Wang C. OAT3 mediates methotrexate resistance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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2
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Le A, Huang KJ, Cirrincione LR. Regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes by sex-related hormones: clinical implications for transgender medicine. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:582-592. [PMID: 35487786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Transgender medicine is a diverse and growing clinical field with unmet gaps in pharmacological knowledge. Hormone therapy (testosterone or estrogen treatment), one part of the standard of medical care for transgender adults, aligns secondary sex characteristics with an individual's gender identity and expression. Despite established effects of sex steroids on drug-metabolizing enzyme expression and activity in vitro and in animal models, the effect of long-term, supraphysiological sex hormone treatment on drug metabolism in transgender adults is not yet established. Here, we synthesize available in vitro and animal model data with pharmacological concepts in transgender medicine to predict potential effects of sex steroids on drug-metabolizing enzymes, and their relationship with potential hormone-drug interactions, in transgender medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Le
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kai J Huang
- Center for Transyouth Health and Development, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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3
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Kojima M, Degawa M. Sex, Organ, and Breed Differences in the mRNA Expression of Drug Transporters in the Liver and Kidney of Pigs. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:508-516. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Kojima
- Meat Animal Biosystem Group, Division of Meat Animal and Poultry Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Masakuni Degawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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4
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Chen Y, Zelnick LR, Huber MP, Wang K, Bansal N, Hoofnagle AN, Paranji RK, Heckbert SR, Weiss NS, Go AS, Hsu CY, Feldman HI, Waikar SS, Mehta RC, Srivastava A, Seliger SL, Lash JP, Porter AC, Raj DS, Kestenbaum BR. Association Between Kidney Clearance of Secretory Solutes and Cardiovascular Events: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2021; 78:226-235.e1. [PMID: 33421453 PMCID: PMC8260620 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE The clearance of protein-bound solutes by the proximal tubules is an innate kidney mechanism for removing putative uremic toxins that could exert cardiovascular toxicity in humans. However, potential associations between impaired kidney clearances of secretory solutes and cardiovascular events among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains uncertain. STUDY DESIGN A multicenter, prospective, cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS We evaluated 3,407 participants from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study. EXPOSURES Baseline kidney clearances of 8 secretory solutes. We measured concentrations of secretory solutes in plasma and paired 24-hour urine specimens using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). OUTCOMES Incident heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke events. ANALYTICAL APPROACH We used Cox regression to evaluate associations of baseline secretory solute clearances with incident study outcomes adjusting for estimated GFR (eGFR) and other confounders. RESULTS Participants had a mean age of 56 years; 45% were women; 41% were Black; and the median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 43 mL/min/1.73 m2. Lower 24-hour kidney clearance of secretory solutes were associated with incident heart failure and myocardial infarction but not incident stroke over long-term follow-up after controlling for demographics and traditional risk factors. However, these associations were attenuated and not statistically significant after adjustment for eGFR. LIMITATIONS Exclusion of patients with severely reduced eGFR at baseline; measurement variability in secretory solutes clearances. CONCLUSIONS In a national cohort study of CKD, no clinically or statistically relevant associations were observed between the kidney clearances of endogenous secretory solutes and incident heart failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke after adjustment for eGFR. These findings suggest that tubular secretory clearance provides little additional information about the development of cardiovascular disease events beyond glomerular measures of GFR and albuminuria among patients with mild-to-moderate CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Leila R Zelnick
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Matthew P Huber
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ke Wang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rajan K Paranji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Noel S Weiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Chi-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Harold I Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Rupal C Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephen L Seliger
- Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Anna C Porter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Dominic S Raj
- Department of Medicine, Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
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5
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Chen Y, Zelnick LR, Wang K, Katz R, Hoofnagle AN, Becker JO, Hsu CY, Go AS, Feldman HI, Mehta RC, Lash JP, Waikar SS, Hamm L, Chen J, Shafi T, Kestenbaum BR. Association of tubular solute clearances with the glomerular filtration rate and complications of chronic kidney disease: the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 36:gfaa057. [PMID: 33330914 PMCID: PMC8237987 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The secretion of organic solutes by the proximal tubules is an essential intrinsic kidney function. The degree to which secretory solute clearance corresponds with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and potential metabolic implications of net secretory clearance are largely unknown. METHODS We evaluated 1240 participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from the multicenter Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. We used targeted mass-spectrometry to quantify candidate secretory solutes in paired 24-h urine and plasma samples. CRIC study personnel measured GFR using 125I-iothalamate clearance (iGFR). We used correlation and linear regression to determine cross-sectional associations of secretory clearances with iGFR and common metabolic complications of CKD. RESULTS Correlations between iGFR and secretory solute clearances ranged from ρ = +0.30 for hippurate to ρ = +0.58 for kynurenic acid. Lower net clearances of most secretory solutes were associated with higher serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH), triglycerides and uric acid. Each 50% lower kynurenic acid clearance was associated with a 21% higher serum PTH concentration [95% confidence interval (CI) 15-26%] and a 10% higher serum triglyceride concentration (95% CI 5-16%) after adjustment for iGFR, albuminuria and other potential confounders. Secretory solute clearances were not associated with statistically or clinically meaningful differences in serum calcium, phosphate, hemoglobin or bicarbonate concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Tubular secretory clearances are modestly correlated with measured GFR among adult patients with CKD. Lower net secretory clearances are associated with selected metabolic complications independent of GFR and albuminuria, suggesting potential clinical and biological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leila R Zelnick
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronit Katz
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica O Becker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chi-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Harold I Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rupal C Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jesse Brown Veterans Administration Medical Center & Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - L Hamm
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Tulane University Department of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Tulane University Department of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tariq Shafi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Kidney Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Chan G, Houle R, Lin M, Yabut J, Cox K, Wu J, Chu X. Role of transporters in the disposition of a novel β-lactamase inhibitor: relebactam (MK-7655). J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:1894-1903. [PMID: 30891606 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the transporters involved in renal elimination of relebactam, and to assess the potential of relebactam as a perpetrator or victim of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) for major drug transporters. METHODS A series of bidirectional transport, uptake and inhibition studies were conducted in vitro using transfected cell lines and membrane vesicles. The inhibitory effects of relebactam on major drug transporters, as well as the inhibitory effects of commonly used antibiotics/antifungals on organic anion transporter (OAT) 3-mediated uptake of relebactam, were assessed. RESULTS Relebactam was shown to be a substrate of OAT3, OAT4, and multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) proteins MATE1 and MATE2K. Relebactam did not show profound inhibition across a panel of transporters, including organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1 and 1B3, OAT1, OAT3, organic cation transporter 2, MATE1, MATE2K, breast cancer resistance protein, multidrug resistance protein 1 and the bile salt export pump. Among the antibiotics/antifungals assessed for potential DDIs, probenecid demonstrated the most potent in vitro inhibition of relebactam uptake; however, such in vitro data did not translate into clinically relevant DDIs, suggesting that relebactam can be co-administered with OAT inhibitors, such as probenecid. CONCLUSIONS Overall, relebactam has low potential to be a victim or perpetrator of DDIs with major drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Chan
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Robert Houle
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Meihong Lin
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Jocelyn Yabut
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Kathleen Cox
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (PPDM), Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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Di Pietro M, Velazquez C, Matzkin ME, Frungieri MB, Peña MG, de Zúñiga I, Pascuali N, Irusta G, Bianchi MS, Parborell F, Abramovich D. Metformin has a direct effect on ovarian cells that is dependent on organic cation transporters. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 499:110591. [PMID: 31546019 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) is the most widely prescribed hypoglycemic drug in type 2 diabetes and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Besides its effects on glucose metabolism, MET exerts beneficial effects on these patients' fertility. However, the exact mechanisms of action of MET on female fertility are still unclear. In this work, we analyzed a possible direct effect of MET on ovarian cells. We found expression of the organic cation transporters OCT1, OCT2 and OCT3, responsible for MET uptake into the cells, in rat granulosa cells and human cumulus cells. Furthermore, MET increased pAMPK and decreased VEGF levels both in vivo and in rat granulosa cells in culture. These last effects were reversed when OCTs were inhibited. Our results suggest that MET acts directly on ovarian cells regulating cell metabolism and VEGF expression. Our findings are relevant to optimize PCOS fertility treatment and to explore ovarian MET actions in other female pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Di Pietro
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candela Velazquez
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Matzkin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Beatriz Frungieri
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Química, Ciclo Básico Común, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gómez Peña
- Centro Médico Pregna Medicina Reproductiva. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio de Zúñiga
- Centro Médico Pregna Medicina Reproductiva. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Pascuali
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Griselda Irusta
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Silvia Bianchi
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dalhia Abramovich
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Abd El-Lateef SM, El-Sayed ESM, Mansour AM, Salama SA. The protective role of estrogen and its receptors in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Life Sci 2019; 239:117082. [PMID: 31756345 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Investigating the impact of 17β-Estradiol/estrogen receptors in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. MAIN METHODS Three weeks post-ovariectomy or sham surgery for the Wistar albino female rats, thirty sham rats were randomly grouped (n = 6), received either vehicle or gentamicin; the estrogen receptors down regulator (fulvestrant); gentamicin plus fulvestrant; gentamicin plus the phytoestrogen (genistein). Forty-eight ovariectomized rats were randomly grouped (n = 6), treated with either vehicle or gentamicin; fulvestrant; gentamicin plus fulvestrant; genistein; gentamicin plus genistein; estradiol benzoate; gentamicin plus estradiol benzoate. Just post-treatment termination, the traditional kidney injury biomarkers (serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) and novel biomarkers (serum Kidney injury molecule -1, cystatin C, lactate dehydrogenase and, gamma-glutamyl transferase) were determined. Bovine serum albumin labeled with fluorescence isothiocyanate assessed megalin expression/endocytic functionality in the proximal tubules epithelial cells (PTECs). The immunohistochemical investigation for the same-sectioned slides of PTECs assessed the correlation between estrogen receptors α and megalin receptors expression. Histopathological examination of PTECs and subjective scoring system graded the damage markers. KEY FINDINGS Estrogen receptor α expression was markedly dimensioned post-ovariectomy, co-localized and inversely correlated to megalin expression. Serum levels of the novel biomarkers were directly proportional to megalin expression in the PTECs and inversely correlated with estrogen receptor α expression. The injury was exaggerated in ovariectomized and intact rats received fulvestrant. Supplementation with estrogen or genistein ameliorated this injury. SIGNIFICANCE Estrogen/estrogen receptors have a protective impact on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury. Estrogen receptors antagonist exacerbate the injury, and oppositely, estrogens or phytoestrogens improve it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salama A Salama
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Gini J, Olagunju A, Dickinson L, Waitt C, Neary M, Else LJ, Siccardi M, Khoo S. Impact of pharmacogenetics and pregnancy on tenofovir and emtricitabine pharmacokinetics. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:217-223. [PMID: 30767719 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Treatment and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in pregnancy utilizes tenofovir (TFV) and emtricitabine (FTC) as NRTI backbone in combination with a third agent from a different class. We hypothesized that combined effect of pregnancy and pharmacogenetics significantly changes TFV and FTC pharmacokinetics (PK). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the role of SNPs of transporters (ABCC2 and ABCC4) on TFV and FTC PK during pregnancy. METHOD 61 pregnant or postpartum women on TFV and FTC were selected from a group of pregnant and postpartum Nigerian women and both SNPs and drug levels were evaluated. RESULTS Pregnancy decreases TFV plasma concentration by 26% (log10 β = -0.131 [-0.228, -0.034; p = 0.009] at median [range] time-point postdose 14 [7-18.5h]). FTC concentration in individuals with ABCC2 12:g.154962860T>C TT genotype were one- to twofold higher than heterozygous (CT) and homozygous (CC) women. All other evaluated SNPs were not significant. CONCLUSION Pregnancy decreased TFV concentration and significant relationship was found between FTC and ABCC2 12:g.154962860T>C wild-type allele. However, the interplay between pregnancy and pharmacogenetics on TFV and FTC PK is unclear but require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Gini
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Adeniyi Olagunju
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Laura Dickinson
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Catriona Waitt
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Tropical and Infectious diseases department, Liverpool, UK
| | - Megan Neary
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura J Else
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Saye Khoo
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Tropical and Infectious diseases department, Liverpool, UK
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Wang H, Sun P, Wang C, Meng Q, Liu Z, Huo X, Sun H, Ma X, Peng J, Liu K. Pharmacokinetic changes of cefdinir and cefditoren and its molecular mechanisms in acute kidney injury in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:1503-1512. [PMID: 30047127 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute kidney injury (AKI) was a common organ damage that often occurred after cisplatin. This study was aimed at investigating the pharmacokinetic changes of cefdinir and cefditoren in AKI rats, and elucidating the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS The renal injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (12 mg/kg). Plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, the mRNA expression of Kim-1, hematoxylin and eosin staining and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay were used to measure the degree of renal damage. On this basis, the pharmacokinetic changes of cefdinir and cefditoren were investigated in normal and AKI rats. RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to clarify the molecular mechanisms for the changes in the related transporters expression. KEY FINDINGS The cumulative urinary excretion of cefdinir was significantly decreased and the plasma concentration was remarkably increased in AKI rats. The expression of organic anion transporter 1 (Oat1) and Oat3 in kidney was decreased. However, pharmacokinetics of cefditoren was not influenced. The expression of organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1a1 (Oatp1a1), Oatp1a4, Oatp1b2 and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) in liver was unchanged in AKI rats. CONCLUSIONS The molecular mechanism of decreased expression of Oat1 and Oat3 was achieved through activating p53, and then increasing the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 and down regulating Bcl-2 in AKI rats. On this basis, the cumulative urinary excretion of cefdinir was significantly decreased and the plasma concentration of cefdinir was remarkably increased in AKI rats. However, the pharmacokinetic changes of cefditoren were not observed. Accordingly, cephalosporin antibiotics such as cefditoren should be firstly selected for the treatment in patients with AKI in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hepeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Children's Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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11
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Huo X, Liu K. Renal organic anion transporters in drug-drug interactions and diseases. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 112:8-19. [PMID: 29109021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The kidney plays a vital role in maintaining systemic homeostasis. Active tubular secretion and reabsorption, which are mainly mediated by transporters, is an efficient mechanism for retaining glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients and for the clearance of endogenous waste products and xenobiotics. These substances are recognized by uptake transporters located in the basolateral and apical membranes of renal proximal tubule cells and are extracted from plasma and urine. Organic anion transporters (OATs) belong to the solute carrier (SLC) 22 superfamily and facilitate organic anions across the plasma membranes of renal proximal tubule cells. OATs are responsible for the transmembrane transport of anionic and zwitterionic organic molecules, including endogenous substances and many drugs. The alteration in OAT expression and function caused by diseases, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) or other issues can thus change the renal disposition of substrates, induce the accumulation of toxic metabolites, and lead to unexpected clinically outcome. This review summarizes the recent information regarding the expression, regulation, and substrate spectrum of OATs and discusses the roles of OATs in diseases and DDIs. These findings will enables us to have a better understanding of the related disease therapy and the potential risk of DDIs mediated by OATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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12
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Abstract
Transporters in proximal renal tubules contribute to the disposition of numerous drugs. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of tubular secretion have been progressively elucidated during the past decades. Organic anions tend to be secreted by the transport proteins OAT1, OAT3 and OATP4C1 on the basolateral side of tubular cells, and multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 2, MRP4, OATP1A2 and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) on the apical side. Organic cations are secreted by organic cation transporter (OCT) 2 on the basolateral side, and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins MATE1, MATE2/2-K, P-glycoprotein, organic cation and carnitine transporter (OCTN) 1 and OCTN2 on the apical side. Significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may affect any of these transporters, altering the clearance and, consequently, the efficacy and/or toxicity of substrate drugs. Interactions at the level of basolateral transporters typically decrease the clearance of the victim drug, causing higher systemic exposure. Interactions at the apical level can also lower drug clearance, but may be associated with higher renal toxicity, due to intracellular accumulation. Whereas the importance of glomerular filtration in drug disposition is largely appreciated among clinicians, DDIs involving renal transporters are less well recognized. This review summarizes current knowledge on the roles, quantitative importance and clinical relevance of these transporters in drug therapy. It proposes an approach based on substrate-inhibitor associations for predicting potential tubular-based DDIs and preventing their adverse consequences. We provide a comprehensive list of known drug interactions with renally-expressed transporters. While many of these interactions have limited clinical consequences, some involving high-risk drugs (e.g. methotrexate) definitely deserve the attention of prescribers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Ivanyuk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Bugnon 17, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Françoise Livio
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Bugnon 17, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Biollaz
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Bugnon 17, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buclin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Bugnon 17, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Nyquist MD, Prasad B, Mostaghel EA. Harnessing Solute Carrier Transporters for Precision Oncology. Molecules 2017; 22:E539. [PMID: 28350329 PMCID: PMC5570559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters are a large superfamily of transmembrane carriers involved in the regulated transport of metabolites, nutrients, ions and drugs across cellular membranes. A subset of these solute carriers play a significant role in the cellular uptake of many cancer therapeutics, ranging from chemotherapeutics such as antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, platinum-based drugs and taxanes to targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. SLC transporters are co-expressed in groups and patterns across normal tissues, suggesting they may comprise a coordinated regulatory circuit serving to mediate normal tissue functions. In cancer however, there are dramatic changes in expression patterns of SLC transporters. This frequently serves to feed the increased metabolic demands of the tumor cell for amino acids, nucleotides and other metabolites, but also presents a therapeutic opportunity, as increased transporter expression may serve to increase intracellular concentrations of substrate drugs. In this review, we examine the regulation of drug transporters in cancer and how this impacts therapy response, and discuss novel approaches to targeting therapies to specific cancers via tumor-specific aberrations in transporter expression. We propose that among the oncogenic changes in SLC transporter expression there exist emergent vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically, extending the application of precision medicine from tumor-specific drug targets to tumor-specific determinants of drug uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Nyquist
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Elahe A Mostaghel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Pastor L, Vettorazzi A, Campión J, Cordero P, López de Cerain A. Gene expression kinetics of renal transporters induced by ochratoxin A in male and female F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:169-178. [PMID: 27771458 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that contaminates foodstuffs. The most relevant concern is its high kidney carcinogenicity in male rats and its unclear mechanism of action. It has been hypothesized that variations in transport mechanisms in kidney cells may be the reason of different sex-dependent sensitivities towards OTA. The aim of this study was to analyze, by RT- qPCR, renal transporters expression in 15-week-old male (M) and female (F) F344 rats at basal level and after single oral OTA administration (0.50 mg/kg bw). Temporal profiles (24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 1 and 2 months) were studied per sex and transporter. The reference gene for all comparisons was Ppia. At basal level, sex differences were confirmed for Oatp1, Bcrp (M>F) and Oat2 (F>M). OTA tended to inhibit the expression of almost all transporters in both sexes, but clearly induced the expression of Oat2 in males. Regarding time profiles, the highest sex differences involved Oat (Slc22) transporters: Oat2, Oat3 and Oat5 expression showed a significant increase in males (24h) while Oat1, Oat2 and Oat5 level decreased in females (48h). Overall, basal sex differences in F344 rats and the specific sex-dependent response to OTA of Oat2 might contribute to high kidney damage in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pastor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Campión
- Department of Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Current address: Making Genetics SL, Plaza CEIN 5, 31110 Noain, Spain.
| | - Paul Cordero
- Department of Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Current address: Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom.
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Vrana M, Goodling A, Afkarian M, Prasad B. An Optimized Method for Protein Extraction from OCT-Embedded Human Kidney Tissue for Protein Quantification by LC-MS/MS Proteomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 44:1692-6. [PMID: 27481856 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.071522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The existing biobanks of remnant tissue from clinically indicated kidney biopsies are attractive potential reservoirs for quantification of clinically relevant human tissue proteins by quantitative proteomics. However, a significant caveat of this strategy is that the tissues are often preserved in optimal cutting temperature (OCT) medium. Although OCT is an effective method of preserving the morphologic and immunohistological characteristics of tissues for later study, it significantly impacts efforts to quantify protein expression by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. We report here a simple, reproducible, and cost-effective procedure to extract proteins from OCT-embedded tissue samples. Briefly, the excess frozen OCT medium was scraped before thawing from the tissue specimens stored at -80°C for ∼3 months. The tissue samples were homogenized and diethyl ether/methanol extraction was performed to remove the remaining OCT medium. The recovered protein was denatured, reduced, and alkylated. The second step of protein extraction and desalting was performed by chloroform/methanol/water extraction of denatured proteins. The resultant protein pellet was trypsin-digested and the marker proteins of various kidney cellular compartments were quantified by targeted selective reaction monitoring proteomics. Upon comparison of peptide signals from OCT-embedded tissue and flash-frozen tissue from the same donors, both individual protein quantities, and their interindividual variabilities, were similar. Therefore, the approach reported here can be applied to clinical reservoirs of OCT-preserved kidney tissue to be used for quantitative proteomics studies of clinically relevant proteins expressed in different parts of the kidney (including drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Vrana
- Department of Pharmaceutics (M.V., B.P.) and Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (A.G., M.A.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anne Goodling
- Department of Pharmaceutics (M.V., B.P.) and Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (A.G., M.A.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Maryam Afkarian
- Department of Pharmaceutics (M.V., B.P.) and Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (A.G., M.A.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutics (M.V., B.P.) and Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (A.G., M.A.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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16
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Xu D, Wang H, You G. Posttranslational Regulation of Organic Anion Transporters by Ubiquitination: Known and Novel. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:964-79. [PMID: 27291023 DOI: 10.1002/med.21397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion transporters (OATs) encoded by solute carrier 22 family are localized in the epithelia of multiple organs, where they mediate the absorption, distribution, and excretion of a diverse array of negatively charged environmental toxins and clinically important drugs. Alterations in the expression and function of OATs play important roles in intra- and interindividual variability of the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of many drugs. As a result, the activity of OATs must be under tight regulation so as to carry out their normal functions. The regulation of OAT transport activity in response to various stimuli can occur at several levels such as transcription, translation, and posttranslational modification. Posttranslational regulation is of particular interest, because it usually happens within a very short period of time (minutes to hours) when the body has to deal with rapidly changing amounts of substances as a consequence of variable intake of drugs, fluids, or meals as well as metabolic activity. This review article highlights the recent advances from our laboratory in uncovering several posttranslational mechanisms underlying OAT regulation. These advances offer the promise of identifying targets for novel strategies that will maximize therapeutic efficacy in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854
| | - Haoxun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854
| | - Guofeng You
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854
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17
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De Sousa Mendes M, Hirt D, Urien S, Valade E, Bouazza N, Foissac F, Blanche S, Treluyer JM, Benaboud S. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of renally excreted antiretroviral drugs in pregnant women. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:1031-41. [PMID: 26011128 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Physiological changes during pregnancy can affect drug disposition. Anticipating these changes will help to maximize drug efficacy and safety in pregnant women. Our objective was to determine if physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) can accurately predict changes in the disposition of renally excreted antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. METHODS Whole body PBPK models were developed for three renally excreted antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir (TFV), emtricitabine (FTC) and lamivudine (3TC). To assess the impact of pregnancy on PK, time-varying pregnancy-related physiological parameters available within the p-PBPK Simcyp software package were used. Renal clearance during pregnancy followed glomerular filtration changes with or without alterations in secretion. PK profiles were simulated and compared with observed data, i.e. area under the curves (AUC), peak plasma concentrations (Cmax ) and oral clearances (CL/F). RESULTS PBPK models successfully predicted TFV, FTC and 3TC disposition for non-pregnant and pregnant populations. Both renal secretion and filtration changed during pregnancy. Changes in renal clearance secretion were related to changes in renal plasma flow. The maximum clearance increases were approximately 30% (TFV 33%, FTC 31%, 3TC 29%). CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy PBPK models are useful tools to quantify a priori the drug exposure changes during pregnancy for renally excreted drugs. These models can be applied to evaluate alternative dosing regimens to optimize drug therapy during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïlys De Sousa Mendes
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris
| | - Deborah Hirt
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris.,Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin-Broca-Hôtel-Dieu-Dieu, 75014, Paris
| | - Saik Urien
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris.,CIC-1419 Inserm, Cochin-Necker, Paris
| | - Elodie Valade
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris
| | - Naïm Bouazza
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris
| | - Frantz Foissac
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris
| | - Stephane Blanche
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris.,AP-HP, hôpital Necker-Enfants-malades, unité d'immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Treluyer
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris.,Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin-Broca-Hôtel-Dieu-Dieu, 75014, Paris
| | - Sihem Benaboud
- EA08: Evaluation des thérapeutiques et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique, unité de recherche clinique Paris centre, 75006, Paris.,Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin-Broca-Hôtel-Dieu-Dieu, 75014, Paris
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Regulation of the expression of renal drug transporters in KEAP1-knockdown human tubular cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:884-92. [PMID: 25841332 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The kidney secretes various xenobiotics through a well-established transport system. The transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) up-regulates a subset of genes encoding antioxidant and detoxification proteins. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) down-regulates NRF2 by facilitating continuous degradation of NRF2 protein. Here, we investigated the role of NRF2 in the expression of renal drug transporters by using a stable KEAP1 knockdown renal tubular HK-2 cell line (shKEAP1). KEAP1 knockdown resulted in a significant increase in the expression of four renal transporters, namely, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1; ABCB1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP; ABCG2), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2), and MRP3 (ABCC3). In western blot and immunocytochemical analyses, protein levels of these transporters were also significantly higher in the knockdown group. Consequently, shKEAP1 cells released more Hoechst 33342 fluorescent dye and doxorubicin, and they were more resistant to doxorubicin than the control cells. In addition, cisplatin resistance of shKEAP1 decreased upon co-incubation with a transporter inhibitor. Whereas, a short term incubation (24h) with sulforaphane did not show noticeable changes in the expression of transporter. Collectively, these results indicate that NRF2 regulates the expression of MDR1, BCRP, MRP2, and MRP3 in human tubular epithelial cells. Altered expression of these transporters affects drug secretion in these cells, which may result in the renal cellular damage upon exposure to nephrotoxic xenobiotics.
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Helldén A, Madadi P. Pregnancy and pharmacogenomics in the context of drug metabolism and response. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 14:1779-91. [PMID: 24192125 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that profound physiological and biochemical changes occur throughout the course of pregnancy. At the same time, the role of pharmacogenomics in modulating the metabolism and response profile to numerous medications has been elucidated. Yet, the clinical impact of pharmacogenomics during pregnancy is less well understood. We present an overview of factors modulating the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications throughout the time span of pregnancy while providing insights on how pharmacogenomics may contribute to interindividual variability in drug metabolism and response amongst pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Helldén
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
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20
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Schweighofer N, Lerchbaum E, Trummer O, Schwetz V, Pieber T, Obermayer-Pietsch B. Metformin resistance alleles in polycystic ovary syndrome: pattern and association with glucose metabolism. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 15:305-17. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-sensitizer treatment with metformin is common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OCT alleles were investigated in PCOS patients to identify genetic ‘bad responders’ and ‘nonresponders’ to metformin including their possible effects on glucose metabolism without treatment. We genotyped eight SNPs in OCT1, OCT2 and ATM genes in 676 women with PCOS and 90 control women, we also measured oral glucose tolerance tests prior to treatment. Nonfunctional alleles were present in 29.8% and low-functional alleles in 57.9% of our PCOS cohort. OCT variants were significantly associated with elevated baseline and glucose-induced C-peptide levels in PCOS. Metformin bad responders or nonresponders based on OCT genotypes might be relevant in clinical practice – their modulation of metformin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and metformin-independent glucose effects remain to be elucidated. Original submitted 7 June 2013; Revision submitted 28 October 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Schweighofer
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Lerchbaum
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Olivia Trummer
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Schwetz
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Pieber
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Mouse organic cation transporter 1 determines properties and regulation of basolateral organic cation transport in renal proximal tubules. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:1581-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhou Y, Zhang GQ, Wei YH, Zhang JP, Zhang GR, Ren JX, Duan HG, Rao Z, Wu XA. The impact of drug transporters on adverse drug reaction. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 38:77-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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