1
|
Koike H, Harada M, Kusamoto A, Xu Z, Tanaka T, Sakaguchi N, Kunitomi C, Azhary JMK, Takahashi N, Urata Y, Osuga Y. Roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124405. [PMID: 36875481 PMCID: PMC9975510 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-age women, affecting up to 15% of women in this group, and the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. Although its etiology remains unclear, recent research has revealed the critical role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathophysiology of PCOS. ER stress is defined as a condition in which unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER because of an imbalance in the demand for protein folding and the protein-folding capacity of the ER. ER stress results in the activation of several signal transduction cascades, collectively termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), which regulates various cellular activities. In principle, the UPR restores homeostasis and keeps the cell alive. However, if the ER stress cannot be resolved, it induces programmed cell death. ER stress has recently been recognized to play diverse roles in both physiological and pathological conditions of the ovary. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the roles of ER stress in the pathogenesis of PCOS. ER stress pathways are activated in the ovaries of both a mouse model of PCOS and in humans, and local hyperandrogenism in the follicular microenvironment associated with PCOS is responsible for activating these. The activation of ER stress contributes to the pathophysiology of PCOS through multiple effects in granulosa cells. Finally, we discuss the potential for ER stress to serve as a novel therapeutic target for PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Koike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Miyuki Harada,
| | - Akari Kusamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zixin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsurugi Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanoka Sakaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Kunitomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jerilee M. K. Azhary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Urata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd-Ellatif RN, Nasef NA, El-Horany HES, Emam MN, Younis RL, El Gheit REA, Elseady W, Radwan DA, Hafez YM, Eissa A, Aboalsoud A, Shalaby RH, Atef MM. Adrenomedullin Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14570. [PMID: 36498902 PMCID: PMC9741179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer antibiotic which has various effects in human cancers. It is one of the commonly known causes of drug-induced nephrotoxicity, which results in acute renal injury. Adrenomedullin (ADM), a vasodilator peptide, is widely distributed in many tissues and has potent protective effects. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the protective potential mechanisms of ADM against DOX-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 28 male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: control group, doxorubicin group (15 mg/kg single intraperitoneal injection of DOX), adrenomedullin + doxorubicin group (12 μg/kg/day intraperitoneal injection of ADM) 3 days prior to DOX injection and continuing for 14 days after the model was established, and adrenomedullin group. Kidney function biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18) were assessed. The expressions of gasdermin D and ASC were assessed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, the abundances of caspase-1 (p20), Bcl-2, and Bax immunoreactivity were evaluated. ADM administration improved the biochemical parameters of DOX-induced nephrotoxicity, significantly reduced oxidative damage markers and inflammatory mediators, and suppressed both apoptosis and pyroptosis. These results were confirmed by the histopathological findings and revealed that ADM's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-pyroptotic properties may have prospective applications in the amelioration of DOX-induced nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Nagi Abd-Ellatif
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Nahla Anas Nasef
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Hemat El-Sayed El-Horany
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, Ha’il University, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Nagy Emam
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Reham Lotfy Younis
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Walaa Elseady
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Radwan
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mostafa Hafez
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Eissa
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Alshimaa Aboalsoud
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Rania H. Shalaby
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Dubai Medical College for Girls, Dubai 20170, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marwa Mohamed Atef
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun D, Sun L, Su F. Influence of Optimal Management of Hyperglycemia and Intensive Nursing on Blood Glucose Control Level and Complications in Patients with Postoperative Cerebral Hemorrhage. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8553539. [PMID: 36072767 PMCID: PMC9444437 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8553539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebral hemorrhage, also known as hemorrhagic stroke, is a common clinical cerebrovascular disease, accounting for about 10%-30% of stroke, with high morbidity and mortality. Objective To observe the effect of optimal management of hyperglycemia and intensive nursing on blood glucose control level and complications in patients with postoperative cerebral hemorrhage. Methods One hundred and eight patients with postoperative cerebral hemorrhage comorbid with stress hyperglycemia admitted to our neurosurgery department from February 2019 to February 2022 were selected and divided into a general group of 54 cases and an optimized group of 54 cases by simple random method. The general group was managed with conventional care, while the optimized group developed optimized management of hyperglycemia for intensive care. The indexes related to blood glucose control, electrolytes, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, Barthel Index (BI) scores, and time to achieve blood glucose standard, insulin pumping time, patient satisfaction, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results Before intervention, there was no statistical significance in the comparison of blood glucose control-related indicators and electrolytes between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 7 d and 14 d of intervention, the fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in the two groups were lower than before, while K+ and Na+ were higher than before (P < 0.05). The blood glucose indexes at the same time point in the optimized group were found to be lower than those in the general group by statistical analysis, but electrolytes were not statistically significant when compared with the general group (P > 0.05). In the optimized group, the time to achieve blood glucose standard (6.59 ± 1.94) d and insulin pumping time (7.14 ± 1.89) d were shorter than those in the general group [(7.48 ± 2.12) d and (8.58 ± 2.14) d], insulin dosage (748.85 ± 63.61) U was less than that in the general group (923.54 ± 84.14) U, and the incidence of hypoglycemia (3.70%) was lower than that in the general group (16.67%), and the satisfaction rate (92.59%) was higher than that of the general group (77.78%), which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in NIHSS score and BI score between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 7 d and 14 d of intervention, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were lower than before, while the BI scores were higher than before, and the NIHSS scores of the optimized group at the same time point were all lower than those of the general group, and the BI scores were higher than those of the general group (P < 0.05). The incidence of pulmonary infection (11.11%) and rebleeding (7.41%) in the optimized group were lower than those in the general group (25.93% and 22.22%), while deep vein thrombosis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and death within 28 d was not statistically significant when compared with the general group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Optimal management of hyperglycemia and intensive nursing can effectively control the blood sugar level of patients after cerebral hemorrhage, reducing insulin dosage, and the occurrence of hypoglycemia, pulmonary infection, and rebleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sun
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Fang Su
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alexandre-Santos B, Martins FFTR, da Silva Gonçalves L, de Oliveira Guimarães C, Carla-Ruggiero F, Magliano DC. Potential role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 44:105-112. [PMID: 36018673 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects million women worldwide, presenting a complex pathophysiology that has not been fully elucidated yet. Recently, it has been suggested that PCOS triggers the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thus being associated with unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Indeed, the UPR response has been associated with several pathological conditions, including in the reproductive system. Several studies demonstrated that ovarian UPR markers are upregulated in PCOS, being associated with worst ovarian outcomes, and this was ameliorated by ER stress inhibition. In this review, we aim to summarize the main findings from previous studies covering this topic, in an attempt to clarify the potential role of ER stress and the UPR response in the pathophysiology of PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Alexandre-Santos
- Histology and Embryology League, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.,Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa da Silva Gonçalves
- Histology and Embryology League, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Carla-Ruggiero
- Histology and Embryology League, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Histology and Embryology League, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.,Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harada M. Pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: Current understanding and perspectives regarding future research. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12487. [PMID: 36310656 PMCID: PMC9601867 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-age women and has lifelong effects on health. Methods In this review, I discuss the pathophysiology of PCOS. First, I summarize our current understanding of the etiology and pathology of PCOS, then, discuss details of two representative environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Finally, I present perspectives regarding the directions of future research. Main findings The pathophysiology of PCOS is heterogeneous and shaped by the interaction of reproductive dysfunction and metabolic disorders. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance exacerbate one another during the development of PCOS, which is also affected by dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis. PCOS is a highly heritable disorder, and exposure to certain environmental factors causes individuals with predisposing genetic factors to develop PCOS. The environmental factors that drive the development of PCOS pathophysiology make a larger contribution than the genetic factors, and may include the intrauterine environment during the prenatal period, the follicular microenvironment, and lifestyle after birth. Conclusion On the basis of this current understanding, three areas are proposed to be subjects for future research, with the ultimate goals of developing therapeutic and preventive strategies and providing appropriate lifelong management, including preconception care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|