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Kinsella EA, Smith KS, Chrestensen A. "I seemed calmer, clearer, and better able to react to challenging situations": phenomenological reflections on learning about mindfulness in health professions education. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2024:10.1007/s10459-024-10363-x. [PMID: 39249619 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-024-10363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that healthcare practitioner well-being is under threat, as many factors like excessive workloads, perceived lack of organizational support, the rapid introduction of new technologies, repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other factors have transformed the health care workplace. Distress, anxiety and burnout are on the rise, and are particularly concerning for health professions' students who must navigate challenging academic and clinical demands, in addition to personal responsibilities. While not a panacea for the systemic issues at play, 'mindfulness practices' have shown some promise in supporting students to navigate stressful environments. Yet despite calls for more phenomenological studies, little is known about health professions students' lived experiences of learning about and using mindfulness in higher education contexts. The objective of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to inquire into the first-hand lived experiences of health professions students by examining their written reflections on learning about and using mindfulness in a higher education context. The study reports on themes identified in an analysis of students' phenomenological reflections written during and following a mindfulness elective course offered at a Canadian University. The analysis revealed four predominant themes: (a) reframing perceptions, (b)'being' while 'doing', (c) witnessing the struggle, and (d) compassion for self and others. In a time when health professionals are increasingly under strain, and systemic reform is needed but slow to take shape, the findings of this study reveal potential affordances of mindfulness for helping students to navigate the myriad of challenges they face. The findings are unique in their in-depth exploration of students' reflections on the experience of learning about and engaging in 'mindfulness practices' in a higher education context. The findings contribute first-hand perspectives to the evolving field of mindfulness education research and generate new conversations about mindfulness education in the health professions curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Anne Kinsella
- Institute of Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Kirsten Sarah Smith
- Azireli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Allison Chrestensen
- Institute of Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Yi KH, Lim YA, Lee J, Lee SY. Types of Client Perceptions Regarding Counselling Experiences at Psychological Counselling Centres: Utilising Q Methodology. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:586. [PMID: 39062409 PMCID: PMC11274072 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study used Q methodology to explore the various types and characteristics of clients' subjective perceptions concerning their experiences at psychological counselling centres. We selected 33 Q samples from a Q population of 135; of the Q sample, 31 P samples underwent Q sorting. Subsequently, we analysed the data using the Quanl Program. The study categorised perception into four distinct types. Type 1 values therapeutic counselling relationships, Type 2 prioritises counselling services, Type 3 values counsellor assignment, and Type 4 prioritises the counselling structure. This study provides valuable basic data to clients, counsellors, and counselling institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hwa Yi
- Coaching and Counselling, Graduate Schools, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30, Pildong-ro 1 gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (K.H.Y.); (Y.a.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yeon ah Lim
- Coaching and Counselling, Graduate Schools, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30, Pildong-ro 1 gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (K.H.Y.); (Y.a.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jeeyoung Lee
- Coaching and Counselling, Graduate Schools, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30, Pildong-ro 1 gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (K.H.Y.); (Y.a.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Song Yi Lee
- Dharma College, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30, Pildong-ro 1 gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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McCurdy LY, Yip SW, Worhunsky PD, Zhai ZW, Kim S, Strathearn L, Potenza MN, Mayes LC, Rutherford HJV. Neural correlates of altered emotional responsivity to infant stimuli in mothers who use substances. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:126-133. [PMID: 38277872 PMCID: PMC10922955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Mothers who use substances during pregnancy and postpartum may have altered maternal behavior towards their infants, which can have negative consequences on infant social-emotional development. Since maternal substance use has been associated with difficulties in recognizing and responding to infant emotional expressions, investigating mothers' subjective responses to emotional infant stimuli may provide insight into the neural and psychological processes underlying these differences in maternal behavior. In this study, 39 mothers who used substances during the perinatal period and 42 mothers who did not underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing infant faces and hearing infant cries. Afterwards, they rated the emotional intensity they thought each infant felt ('think'-rating), and how intensely they felt in response to each infant stimulus ('feel'-rating). Mothers who used substances had lower 'feel'-ratings of infant stimuli compared to mothers who did not. Brain regions implicated in affective processing (e.g., insula, inferior frontal gyrus) were less active in response to infant stimuli, and activity in these brain regions statistically predicted maternal substance-use status. Interestingly, 'think'-ratings and activation in brain regions related to cognitive processing (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex) were comparable between the two groups of mothers. Taken together, these results suggest specific neural and psychological processes related to emotional responsivity to infant stimuli may reflect differences in maternal affective processing and may contribute to differences in maternal behavior in mothers who use substances compared to mothers who do not. The findings suggest potential neural targets for increasing maternal emotional responsivity and improving child outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan McCurdy
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Division of Prevention and Community Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Sarah W Yip
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Patrick D Worhunsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Zu Wei Zhai
- Department of Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Sohye Kim
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA; Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Lane Strathearn
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Center for Disabilities and Development, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Hawkeye Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; The Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, 06109, USA; The Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Linda C Mayes
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Datu JAD. Knowledge with kindness is power! Knowledge about autism and kindness relate to better attitude towards persons with autism spectrum disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 69:452-456. [PMID: 37213589 PMCID: PMC10197978 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2023.2193485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown inconclusive evidence on how knowledge predicts attitude towards individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in diverse cultural contexts. There is also dearth of research on psychological resources that facilitate inclusive attitude towards students with ASD. This study examines the links of kindness and knowledge about autism to attitude towards ASD among Filipino high school students. An online survey with items measuring kindness and knowledge about autism as well as a vignette-based measure of attitude towards ASD was administered to participants. Results showed that knowledge about autism and kindness positively predicted attitude towards ASD when controlling for age, gender, and previous contact with students with ASD. This research suggests that integrating ASD awareness with kindness education can bolster positive attitude towards persons with autism and other developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Alfonso D. Datu
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Ho CM. Process of interpersonal empathy: a proposed framework of empathy competence in psychotherapies. PERSON-CENTERED & EXPERIENTIAL PSYCHOTHERAPIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/14779757.2023.2174446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Min Ho
- School of Counseling, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
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6
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Dorais S, Niles J, Dukes AT, Colon ML, Gutierrez D. Does contemplative pedagogy increase relational well‐being? A time series analysis. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ceas.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dorais
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Jennifer Niles
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Allison T. Dukes
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Michelle L. Colon
- School of Counseling and Special Education Bowling Green State University Bowling Green Ohio USA
| | - Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of Counseling and Special Education Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
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Johnson DA, Walsh A. Associations Between Specific Mindfulness Practices and In‐Session Relational Factors. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Mumbauer‐Pisano J, Kim N. Promoting Wellness in Counselors‐in‐Training: Impact of a Wellness Experiential Group. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceas.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Behavioral Sciences New York Institute of Technology
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Chen H, Liu C, Cao X, Hong B, Huang DH, Liu CY, Chiou WK. Effects of Loving-Kindness Meditation on Doctors' Mindfulness, Empathy, and Communication Skills. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084033. [PMID: 33921271 PMCID: PMC8069630 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: In the context of increasing doctor–patient tensions in China, the objective of this study was to explore and examine the effects of loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on doctors’ mindfulness, empathy, and communication skills. Methods: A total of 106 doctors were recruited from a hospital in China, and randomly divided into an LKM training group (n = 53) and waiting control group (n = 53). The LKM training group received 8 weeks of LKM training intervention, whereas the control group received no intervention. Three major variables (mindfulness, empathy, and communication skills) were measured before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the LKM training intervention. Results: The empathy and communication skills of the LKM group were significantly improved compared with those of the control group, but the level of mindfulness did not significantly change. Conclusions: The results suggested that LKM may contribute to improving physicians’ empathy and communication skills. However, the mechanisms that underlie the effects of the LKM on mindfulness, empathy, and communication skills and other psychological constructs needs further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Chao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Business and Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.C.); (C.L.)
- College of Aviation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Clinical Neurocognitive Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Ding-Hau Huang
- Institute of Creative Design and Management, National Taipei University of Business, Taoyuan 22058, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10507, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Ko Chiou
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10507, Taiwan;
- Department of Industrial Design, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-2118800 (ext. 5422)
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Alexander R, Aragón OR, Bookwala J, Cherbuin N, Gatt JM, Kahrilas IJ, Kästner N, Lawrence A, Lowe L, Morrison RG, Mueller SC, Nusslock R, Papadelis C, Polnaszek KL, Helene Richter S, Silton RL, Styliadis C. The neuroscience of positive emotions and affect: Implications for cultivating happiness and wellbeing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 121:220-249. [PMID: 33307046 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review paper provides an integrative account regarding neurophysiological correlates of positive emotions and affect that cumulatively contribute to the scaffolding for happiness and wellbeing in humans and other animals. This paper reviews the associations among neurotransmitters, hormones, brain networks, and cognitive functions in the context of positive emotions and affect. Consideration of lifespan developmental perspectives are incorporated, and we also examine the impact of healthy social relationships and environmental contexts on the modulation of positive emotions and affect. The neurophysiological processes that implement positive emotions are dynamic and modifiable, and meditative practices as well as flow states that change patterns of brain function and ultimately support wellbeing are also discussed. This review is part of "The Human Affectome Project" (http://neuroqualia.org/background.php), and in order to advance a primary aim of the Human Affectome Project, we also reviewed relevant linguistic dimensions and terminology that characterizes positive emotions and wellbeing. These linguistic dimensions are discussed within the context of the neuroscience literature with the overarching goal of generating novel recommendations for advancing neuroscience research on positive emotions and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Alexander
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Oriana R Aragón
- Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Clemson University, 252 Sirrine Hall, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Jamila Bookwala
- Department of Psychology and Program in Aging Studies, Lafayette College, 730 High Road, Easton, PA, USA
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health, and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Justine M Gatt
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Ian J Kahrilas
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Niklas Kästner
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestraße 13, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alistair Lawrence
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Neuroqualia (NGO), Truro, NS, B2N 1X5, Canada
| | - Robert G Morrison
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Sven C Mueller
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Christos Papadelis
- Jane and John Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children's Health Care System, 1500 Cooper St, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA; Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly L Polnaszek
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - S Helene Richter
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestraße 13, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Silton
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, 633 N. Saint Clair, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Neuroscience of Cognition and Affection group, Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
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Nadeau MM, Caporale‐Berkowitz NA, Rochlen AB. Improving Women's Self‐Compassion Through an Online Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M. Nadeau
- Department of Educational Psychology The University of Texas at Austin
- Now at Austin Professional Counseling, Austin Texas
| | | | - Aaron B. Rochlen
- Department of Educational Psychology The University of Texas at Austin
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12
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Gutierrez D, Forbes L, Johnson SK. Physical and Psychological Health Predict Adherence to an Online Mindfulness Program for College Students. COUNSELING AND VALUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cvj.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education College of William & Mary
| | - Leila Forbes
- Department of Health Psychology University of North Carolina at Charlotte
| | - Susan K. Johnson
- Department of Health Psychology University of North Carolina at Charlotte
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Johnson DA, Knight DN, McHugh K. Score Reliability and Validity Evidence for the State-Interpersonal Reactivity Index: A Multidimensional Assessment of In-Session Counselor Empathy. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2020.1745652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lenes E, Swank JM, Hart KA, Machado MM, Darilus S, Ardelt M, Smith‐Adcock S, Rockwood Lane M, Puig A. Color‐Conscious Multicultural Mindfulness Training in the Counseling Field. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Lenes
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, University of Florida
- Now at Counseling and Wellness Center, University of Florida
| | - Jacqueline M. Swank
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, University of Florida
| | - Kimberly A. Hart
- Counseling and Higher Education Department, Northern Illinois University
| | - Mercedes M. Machado
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, University of Florida
| | | | - Monika Ardelt
- Department of Sociology and Criminology and Law, University of Florida
| | - Sondra Smith‐Adcock
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, University of Florida
| | | | - Ana Puig
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, University of Florida
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Nonattachment Predicts Empathy, Rejection Sensitivity, and Symptom Reduction After a Mindfulness-Based Intervention Among Young Adults with a History of Childhood Maltreatment. Mindfulness (N Y) 2020; 11:975-990. [PMID: 32382357 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-020-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Individuals with a childhood maltreatment history tend to have various psychological symptoms and impaired social functioning. This study aimed to investigate the related therapeutic effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in this population. Methods We analyzed self-report questionnaire scores of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Non-Attachment Scale (NAS), Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (A-RSQ), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), PTSD CheckList (PCL), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), from 16 (3 males) young adults (age range 22-29) with mild to moderate childhood maltreatment, compared to 18 matched participants (6 males) on a waiting list, during both pre- and post-intervention/waiting periods. Analyses were conducted with linear mixed effects models, partial correlation analyses and t-tests. Results There were group by time interaction effects with the scores of MAAS, NAS, PCL, IRI-Fantasy, and A-RSQ (p < .05). The mindfulness group had significant increase in MAAS (17.325%) and NAS (8.957%) scores, as well as reduction in PCL (15.599%) and A-RSQ (23.189%) scores (p < .05). Changes in non-attachment, but not mindfulness, had significant contributions to the score changes of PCL (16.375%), ASI (36.244%), IRI-Personal Distress (24.141%), IRI-Empathic Concern (16.830%), and A-RSQ (10.826%) (p < .05). The number of intervention sessions attended was correlated with score changes of NAS (r = .955, p < .001), and ASI (r = -.887, p < .001), suggesting a dose-dependent effect. Conclusions Findings from this pilot study suggest that the mindfulness-based intervention improved mindfulness, non-attachment and empathy, which contributed to reduced interpersonal distress, rejection sensitivity and other psychological symptoms.
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Johnson DA, Ivers NN, Avera JA, Frazee M. Supervision guidelines for fostering state-mindfulness among supervisees. CLINICAL SUPERVISOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07325223.2019.1674761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Johnson
- Department of Counseling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nathaniel N. Ivers
- Department of Counseling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph A. Avera
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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Gutierrez D, Merrill E, Conley AH, Young ME. A Study of Student Counselors' Experiences With Meditation. COUNSELING AND VALUES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cvj.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor EducationCollege of William & Mary
| | - Erica Merrill
- Department of CounselingThe University of North Carolina at Charlotte
| | | | - Mark E. Young
- Department of Child, Family, and Community SciencesUniversity of Central Florida
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Lemmons R, Zanskas S. Residential Counselors and Self Care: A Retrospective Qualitative Study of Archival Interview Data. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2019; 6:2333392819867017. [PMID: 31392260 PMCID: PMC6669832 DOI: 10.1177/2333392819867017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this qualitative inquiry was to understand the barriers related to effective self-care for master’s level residential counselors. Methods: Archival interview transcripts of 77 residential counselors were analyzed utilizing a social constructivist lens to identify perceived barriers to effective self-care. Themes related to levels of self-care influences including individual, supervisory, and organizational barriers to effective self-care emerged. Results: Results reflected those themes specifically by indicating that counselors can take steps to actively engage in wellness pursuits to promote self-care. Similarly, supervisors and organizations can enhance or impede a counselor’s ability to engage in self-care. Conclusions: Counselors should select work settings that have both supervisory and organizational supports for self-care. This includes encouraging a culture of wellness through support, development, coverage for time off, and other related areas. Implications show that practices and policies are needed to promote effective self-care across individual, supervisory, and agency domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Lemmons
- The department of counseling, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Steve Zanskas
- The department of counseling, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Johnson DA, Karcher MJ. Validity Evidence for a State-Specific Assessment of In-Session Counselor Empathy: The State-Empathic Concern Scale. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2019.1594914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Dear Mental Health Practitioners, Take Care of Yourselves: a Literature Review on Self-Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2019; 42:1-20. [PMID: 32435076 PMCID: PMC7223989 DOI: 10.1007/s10447-019-09382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Stress, burnout, and professional impairment are prevalent among mental health professionals and can have a negative impact on their clinical work, whilst engagement in self-care can help promote therapist well-being. This literature review examines the role of self-care in the promotion of well-being among mental health practitioners. Specifically, empirical research is presented in relation to specific domains of self-care practice, including awareness, balance, flexibility, physical health, social support, and spirituality. Findings from this review underscore the importance of taking a proactive approach to self-care and, in particular, integrating self-care directly into clinical training programs and into the quality assurance processes of professional organizations within the field of mental health.
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Block CM, Proctor CL. The Yoga Sutra of librarianship: Towards an understanding of holistic advocacy. JOURNAL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0961000619841120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses the creation of a new philosophical model of librarian-patron interaction. Directly influenced by the classical Indian text The Yoga Sutras of Patañjali, the authors have created the Triadic Model of Holistic Advocacy, which is supported by three yogic concepts: yoga (union), karuṇā (compassion), and āsana (pose). At its core, holistic advocacy encompasses both a philosophy and praxis of librarianship that is predicated on the belief that librarianship is fundamentally about service to others. Holistic advocacy requires a consistent, empathetic approach to librarian-patron interactions that is ultimately reflected in the quality of services rendered. The authors argue that engaging in holistic advocacy empowers library professionals to better advocate for patrons, specific libraries, and librarianship as a field. Embedding this ethos will help ensure that advocacy happens frequently and organically. Furthermore, holistic advocacy is a mindset that will help foster the growth of a more critically-thinking, compassionate society. The blending of eastern philosophical concepts (as outlined in the The Yoga Sutras of Patañjali) and western practices of LIS has not yet been discussed in the literature. The authors hope this discussion will encourage others to consider how eastern philosophy impacts western library practices.
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JOHNSON DAVIDA, FRAZEE MELINDA, BOURN NATALYAS, IVERS NATHANIELN. Evaluating Differences in the Working Alliance Based on Frequency of Mindfulness Practices Among Counselors‐in‐Training. THE JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC COUNSELING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/johc.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - MELINDA FRAZEE
- Department of Communication Disorders and Counseling, School, and Educational PsychologyIndiana State University
| | - NATALYA S. BOURN
- Department of Communication Disorders and Counseling, School, and Educational PsychologyIndiana State University
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Pulsford L. Kindness in career development interventions. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1038416218773592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau once asked: what wisdom can you find that is greater than kindness? This article explores whether career practitioners might need to ask themselves the same rhetorical question in relation to career practice. Career development consultations that explicitly aim to focus on offering kindness might be a welcome change for practitioners well versed in extolling the oft-cited career competencies of developing resilience and remaining open to opportunities. This study indicates a need for increased focus on the provision of kindness in career development and suggests practical interventions that career practitioners can utilise.
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Comparing state anxiety and mindfulness between mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation whilst controlling for the effect of altruism and boredom. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.5114/cipp.2019.85412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Butts CM, Gutierrez D. Dispositional Mindfulness and Personal Distress as Predictors of Counseling Self-Efficacy. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceas.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Missy Butts
- Department of Counseling, University of North Carolina at Charlotte
| | - Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education, College of William & Mary
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Kinsella EA, Smith K, Bhanji S, Shepley R, Modor A, Bertrim A. Mindfulness in allied health and social care professional education: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 42:283-295. [PMID: 30517835 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1496150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Investigations into the use of mindfulness with allied health and social care students, many of whom ultimately work in rehabilitation settings, is in the nascent stages and no systematic mapping of the literature has occurred. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify, summarise, and describe the current state of knowledge on mindfulness in allied health and social care professional education.Methods: Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology was adopted. Five data bases were searched; inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied; and 50 papers were identified for inclusion in the study.Results: Quantitative studies depicted mindfulness interventions as contributing to: improved capacities for mindfulness; decreases in stress, anxiety, and depression; improvements in academic skills, quality of life and well-being, and empathy; improved physiological measures and emotional regulation; and mixed effects on burn-out. Qualitative studies highlighted: 1) mindfulness and self-care, 2) mindfulness within professional practice placements, 3) mindfulness in the classroom, and 4) the cultivation of mindful qualities.Conclusions: The study has important implications for the education of future rehabilitation professions and suggests that learning about mindfulness may be useful in assisting students to: manage academic stress, anxiety, and depression; cultivate a physical and mental state of calm; be more present and empathetic with clients; and be more focused and attentive in professional practice settings.Implications for rehabilitationFurther exploration of mindfulness as a promising educational intervention for the professional preparation of future rehabilitation practitioners in allied health and social care fields is recommended.Education and research about mindfulness and its potential opportunities for students in terms of the mediation of stress, anxiety, depression, and the cultivation of empathy, academic skills, quality of life, and resilience are recommended.Education and research about mindfulness and its potential for the cultivation of beneficial qualities of mind such as attention, self-awareness, compassion, non-judgment, and acceptance are recommended.Education and research about mindfulness as a potential means to develop capacities related to self-care, professional practice placements, and classroom performance in students is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Anne Kinsella
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada.,Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Science, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Kirsten Smith
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada.,Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Science, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Saara Bhanji
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Rachelle Shepley
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Andreja Modor
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Andrew Bertrim
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, Canada
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Teaching Multicultural Counseling with Mindfulness: a Contemplative Pedagogy Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-018-9363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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JOHNSON DAVIDA. The Relationship Between State Mindfulness and Working Alliance Among Counselors-in-Training. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC COUNSELING 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/johc.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ertl MM, Dillon FR, Cabrera Tineo YA, Verile M, Jurkowski JM, De La Rosa M. Sexual risk during initial months in US among Latina young adults. AIDS Care 2018; 30:353-360. [PMID: 28847154 PMCID: PMC6103617 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1368442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Latina young adults are disproportionately at risk for sexually transmitted infections (e.g., HIV). However, little is known about social and cultural factors contributing to sexual health disparities among young adult Latina recent immigrants. The present study examined social and cultural factors contributing to sexual risk behaviors among 530 Latina women (ages 18-23) who immigrated to Miami-Dade County, Florida, approximately 12 months before assessment. At the cultural/macrosystemic level, participants who reported more sexual risk behaviors tended to (a) be less acculturated; (b) use less positive religious coping; (c) endorse to a greater extent the marianismo belief that Latinas should be the pillar of the family; and (d) endorse less of the marianismo belief that Latinas should be virtuous and chaste (i.e., abstain from premarital sex). As for individual-level factors, participants who reported more sexual risk behaviors also indicated (e) older age, (f) being married/partnered, (g) being employed, (h) living in the US longer, and (i) drinking more alcohol. Findings indicate areas for HIV/STI prevention for this underserved population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Ertl
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University at Albany – State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States
| | - Frank R. Dillon
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University at Albany – State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States
| | - Yajaira A. Cabrera Tineo
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University at Albany – State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States
| | - Michael Verile
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University at Albany – State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States
| | - Janine M. Jurkowski
- Department of Health Policy, Management & Behavior, School of Public Health, University at Albany – State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States
| | - Mario De La Rosa
- The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
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Bell H. Creative Interventions for Teaching Empathy in the Counseling Classroom. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2017.1328295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hope Bell
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Zeng X, Chio FHN, Oei TPS, Leung FYK, Liu X. A Systematic Review of Associations between Amount of Meditation Practice and Outcomes in Interventions Using the Four Immeasurables Meditations. Front Psychol 2017; 8:141. [PMID: 28220101 PMCID: PMC5292580 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interventions using the "Four Immeasurables Meditations" (FIM) are effective for various outcomes; however, whether increased meditation practice in these interventions leads to better results has not been well investigated. This systematic review included 22 FIM interventions that reported associations between the amount of meditation practice and its outcomes. Despite the heterogeneity in intervention components and outcome variables, there were generally few significant associations between amount of meditation practice and its outcomes. Specifically, only five studies reported that more than half of the calculated results were significant. In comparison with correlations between total amount of practice and overall outcomes, the short-term influence of meditation practice was evaluated in fewer studies; however, it had a better association with outcomes. More studies are required that address the underlying mechanisms that elucidate how meditation practice leads to outcome changes in daily life. In this study, two promising mechanisms with initial evidence were discussed. This review also summarized common methodological issues including a lack of experimental manipulation and inaccurate measuring of meditation practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Zeng
- School of Psychology, Bejing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Floria H N Chio
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tian P S Oei
- School of Psychology, University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Psychology, James Cook University SingaporeSingapore, Singapore; Department of Psychology, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Freedom Y K Leung
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiangping Liu
- School of Psychology, Bejing Normal University Beijing, China
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