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Morales-López S, Macías L, Elles D, Yepes J. Unusual plant-extract based media for the differentiation between species in the Candida albicans complex: A comparative study. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230420. [PMID: 39166546 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common agent in human fungal infections; nevertheless, in the last decades, the closely related yeasts Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana have emerged as pathogens. The purpose of this study was to compare tobacco agar with another five agars prepared from plant extracts (Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, Solanum rudepannum, Solanum oblongifolium and Brugmansia arborea) on the differentiation of C. albicans complex. The hyphae and chlamyconidia formation and the color and margin of the colonies of 200 clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. africana were evaluated. After seven days of incubation at 28 °C, Tobacco agar, S. rudepannum and B. arborea agars allowed the differentiation of 100 % C. dubliniensis. Additionally, 24% of C. africana isolates produced brownish colonies in the medium prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract. These results indicate that S. rudepannun, B. arborea and rosemary agar could be used as screening for the phenotypic differentiation between the species of C. albicans complex. Rosemary agar could be used to aid in the differentiation of C. albicans from C. africana. These culture media based on plants, could be used as simple and inexpensive screening methods in the phenotypic differentiation of C. dubliniensis and C. africana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Morales-López
- Laboratorios Nancy Flórez García S.A.S., 200001, Valledupar, Colombia
- Universidad Popular del Cesar, Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Avenida Sabanas, 20004, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Lisahidy Macías
- Universidad Popular del Cesar, Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Avenida Sabanas, 20004, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Danna Elles
- Universidad Popular del Cesar, Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Avenida Sabanas, 20004, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Jayr Yepes
- Universidad Popular del Cesar, Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Avenida Sabanas, 20004, Valledupar, Colombia
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Morales-López S, Ustate K, Pedrozo Z, Torres Y. Biochemical typing and evaluation of pathogenicity in vulvovaginal isolates of Candida albicans complex. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:194-205. [PMID: 37721915 PMCID: PMC10588967 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. africana form the Candida albicans complex. Objective To identify the phenotypic and pathogenic characteristics of isolates of the C. albicans complex preserved in a collection. Materials and methods Three hundred presumptive strains of the C. albicans complex were evaluated using CHROMagarTM Candida. Germ tube production was determined by three methods, chlamydospores formation was assessed and colonies were characterized in artisanal agars (Rosmarinus officinalis and Nicotiana tabacum). MALDI-TOF was used as the gold standard identification test. To detect pathogenicity factors, we evaluated the hemolytic activity of each isolate and cocultured with Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase enzyme production, and biofilm formation. Results Out of the 300 isolates, 43.7% produced germ tube in the heart-brain infusion broth and 47% of the isolates produced chlamydospores. In the artisan media, 6% of the isolates produced brown colonies on rosemary agar and 5% did so on tobacco agar. None of the strains hemolyzed the blood agar alone or cocultured with S. aureus. However, 50% of the isolates hemolyzed the potato dextrose agar supplemented with blood. All strains were coagulase producers, and biofilm production was variable. For germ tube production, the human serum method showed the same positivity as the milk broth method. All isolates were identified as C. albicans by MALDI-TOF. Conclusions The use of proteomics, molecular tests or a combination of methods is required for species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Morales-López
- Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia; Laboratorios Nancy Flórez García S.A.S., Valledupar, Colombia.
| | - Keiner Ustate
- Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia.
| | - Zulay Pedrozo
- Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia.
| | - Yulibeth Torres
- Grupo CINBIOS, Programa de Microbiología, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia.
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Esteves CV, Freitas RSD, Campos WGD, Shimabukuro N, Thomaz DY, Cordas T, Benard G, Witzel AL, Lemos CA. Oral yeast colonization in patients with eating disorders: commensal acquisition or due to purgative habits? Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2020; 62:e32. [PMID: 32491142 PMCID: PMC7266616 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202062032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral problems are common in patients diagnosed with Eating Disorders (ED) and still require better elucidation. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of oral Candida spp in individuals with ED. The sample of the study was comprised of 30 women with purgative habits and 15 without purgative habits. Samples of the oral cavity were collected by sterile cotton swab rubbed on soft tissues and teeth. Yeasts were isolated on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Yeasts were isolated from the oral cavity of 53% of the patients yielding 75 yeast isolates; of these, 43 were identified by conventional mycological methods: C. parapsilosis (n=19), C. glabrata (n=16), Rhodotorula sp (n= 6), C. famata (n=2). The remaining 32 isolates were presumptively identified as C. albicans or C. dubliniensis and required mass spectrometry for the final differentiation: 28 isolates were confirmed as C. albicans and four as C. dubliniensis. Among the control group, only four subjects (26.7%) were found to harbor C. albicans. The four C. dubliniensis isolates were from two patients, one that was only colonized and the other, with severe ED, was diagnosed with an oral candidiasis as demonstrated by the presence of pseudohyphae on the direct mycological exam from different sites. The increased rate of isolation of non-albicans species, such as C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. dubliniensis in the oral cavity from ED patients with nutritional deficiency may suggest that purgative habits of these patients can lead to changes in normal flora and predispose to oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Vieira Esteves
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roseli Santos de Freitas
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Gushiken de Campos
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natali Shimabukuro
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Yamamoto Thomaz
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taki Cordas
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gil Benard
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lusvarghi Witzel
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Augusto Lemos
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Brigham A, Ceurvels J, Clubb J, Curtiss W, Kirkwood CD, Giese N, Hoehn K, Iovin R, Isaac R, Rusie E, Serrano JMG, Varghese M, Weissner W, Windsor RC. An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl 2012; 7:351-413. [PMID: 22432564 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2010.525049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), including written and statistical analysis of scientific literature, expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.
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Abstract
Candida albicans is increasing as an opportunistic pathogen causing candidemia and candidiasis worldwide. In addition, other non-albicans Candida species are now also associated with pertinent infections. These include the closely related C. dubliniensis, which shares many phenotypic similarities with C. albicans. These similarities pose problems in the identification of isolates and have previously led to misidentification of these species. As a result, several identification techniques based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics have been developed to differentiate between these Candida species. This review will focus on the similarities and differences between these two Candida species highlighting different identification methods and their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan Ells
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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DRBC agar: a new tool for Candida dubliniensis identification. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2010; 55:155-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-010-0023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Loreto ES, Scheid LA, Nogueira CW, Zeni G, Santurio JM, Alves SH. Candida dubliniensis: Epidemiology and Phenotypic Methods for Identification. Mycopathologia 2010; 169:431-43. [PMID: 20490751 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erico Silva Loreto
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Menan H, Ekaza E, Messou E, Adoubryn K, Yavo W, Kiki-Barro P, Vanga H, Djohan V, Kassi Kondo F, Miano M, Kouassi B, Valentin A, Kone M. Recherche de Candida dubliniensis chez des patients VIH+ à Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). J Mycol Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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