1
|
Zhou M, Li R, Hua H, Dai Y, Yin Z, Li L, Zeng J, Yang M, Zhao J, Tan R. The role of tetrahydrocurcumin in disease prevention and treatment. Food Funct 2024; 15:6798-6824. [PMID: 38836693 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, natural compounds derived from herbal medicine or dietary sources have played important roles in prevention and treatment of various diseases and have attracted more and more attention. Curcumin, extracted from the Curcumae Longae Rhizoma and widely used as food spice and coloring agent, has been proven to possess high pharmacological value. However, the pharmacological application of curcumin is limited due to its poor systemic bioavailability. As a major active metabolite of curcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has higher bioavailability and stability than curcumin. Increasing evidence confirmed that THC had a wide range of biological activities and significant treatment effects on diseases. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress on the biological activities and therapeutic potential of THC on different diseases such as neurological disorders, metabolic syndromes, cancers, and inflammatory diseases. The extensive pharmacological effects of THC involve the modulation of various signaling transduction pathways including MAPK, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, Nrf2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin. In addition, the pharmacokinetics, drug combination and toxicology of THC were discussed, thus providing scientific basis for the safe application of THC and the development of its dietary supplements and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Hua
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ying Dai
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhujun Yin
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Li
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jin Zeng
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Mengni Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Junning Zhao
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Ruirong Tan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang B, Yang J, Li X, Zhu H, Sun J, Jiang L, Xue C, Zhang L, Xu C, Xing S, Jin Z, Liu J, Yu S, Duan W. Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling by inhibiting oxidative stress and preserving mitochondrial function via SIRT3 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155127. [PMID: 37812853 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) often leads to sudden cardiac death. Persistent myocardial ischemia increases oxidative stress and impairs mitochondrial function, contributing significantly to postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling, and the subsequent progression to heart failure (HF). Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), isolated from the rhizome of turmeric, has antioxidant properties and has been shown to protect against cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on HF after MI are poorly understood. PURPOSE The objective was the investigation of the pharmacological effects of THC and its associated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HF after MI. METHODS A total of 120 mice (C57BL/6, male) were used for the in vivo experiments. An MI mouse model was created by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The mice received oral dose of THC at 120 mg/kg/d and the effects on MI-induced myocardial injury were evaluated by assessment of cardiac function, histopathology, myocardial oxidative levels, and mitochondrial function. Molecular mechanisms were investigated by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of the SIRT3 selective inhibitor 3-TYP. Meanwhile, mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured in a hypoxic incubator to verify the effects of THC in vitro. Lastly, SIRT3 and Nrf2 were silenced using siRNAs to further explore the regulatory mechanism of key molecules in this process. RESULTS The mouse hearts showed significant impairment in systolic function after MI, together with enlarged infarct size, increased myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. A significant reversal of these changes was seen after treatment with THC. Moreover, THC markedly reduced reactive oxygen species generation and protected mitochondrial function, thus mitigating oxidative stress in the post-MI myocardium. Mechanistically, THC counteracted reduced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and SIRT3 signaling in the MI mice while inhibition of Nrf2 or SIRT3 reversed the effects of THC. Cell experiments showed that Nrf2 silencing markedly reduced SIRT3 levels and deacetylation activity while inhibition of SIRT3 signaling had little impact on Nrf2 expression. CONCLUSION This is the first demonstration that THC protects against the effects of MI. THC reduced both oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage by regulating Nrf2-SIRT3 signaling. The results suggest the potential of THC in treating myocardial ischemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Surgery, The 954th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shannan, Tibet 856100, China
| | - Jiachang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiayun Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jingwei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chennian Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The 79th Group Military Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Liaoyang, Liaoning 111000, China
| | - Shishi Xing
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao BH, Ruze A, Zhao L, Li QL, Tang J, Xiefukaiti N, Gai MT, Deng AX, Shan XF, Gao XM. The role and mechanisms of microvascular damage in the ischemic myocardium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:341. [PMID: 37898977 PMCID: PMC11073328 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Following myocardial ischemic injury, the most effective clinical intervention is timely restoration of blood perfusion to ischemic but viable myocardium to reduce irreversible myocardial necrosis, limit infarct size, and prevent cardiac insufficiency. However, reperfusion itself may exacerbate cell death and myocardial injury, a process commonly referred to as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which primarily involves cardiomyocytes and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and is characterized by myocardial stunning, microvascular damage (MVD), reperfusion arrhythmia, and lethal reperfusion injury. MVD caused by I/R has been a neglected problem compared to myocardial injury. Clinically, the incidence of microvascular angina and/or no-reflow due to ineffective coronary perfusion accounts for 5-50% in patients after acute revascularization. MVD limiting drug diffusion into injured myocardium, is strongly associated with the development of heart failure. CMECs account for > 60% of the cardiac cellular components, and their role in myocardial I/R injury cannot be ignored. There are many studies on microvascular obstruction, but few studies on microvascular leakage, which may be mainly due to the lack of corresponding detection methods. In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations, related mechanisms of MVD during myocardial I/R, laboratory and clinical examination means, as well as the research progress on potential therapies for MVD in recent years. Better understanding the characteristics and risk factors of MVD in patients after hemodynamic reconstruction is of great significance for managing MVD, preventing heart failure and improving patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Amanguli Ruze
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiu-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Nilupaer Xiefukaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Min-Tao Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - An-Xia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santos JM, Wang R, Bhakta V, Driver Z, Vadim Y, Kiritoshi T, Ji G, Neugebauer V, Shen CL. Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala. Nutrients 2023; 15:4403. [PMID: 37892476 PMCID: PMC10610406 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of turmeric bioactive compounds, curcumin C3 complex® (CUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on mechanical hypersensitivity and the gene expression of markers for glial activation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in the spinal cord and amygdala of rats with neuropathic pain (NP). Twenty-four animals were randomly assigned to four groups: sham, spinal nerve ligation (SNL, an NP model), SNL+100 mg CUR/kg BW p.o., and SNL+50 mg BDMC/kg BW p.o. for 4 weeks. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed by the von Frey test (VFT) weekly. The lumbosacral section of the spinal cord and the right amygdala (central nucleus) were collected to determine the mRNA expression of genes (IBA-1, CD11b, GFAP, MFN1, DRP1, FIS1, PGC1α, PINK, Complex I, TLR4, and SOD1) utilizing qRT-PCR. Increased mechanical hypersensitivity and increased gene expression of markers for microglial activation (IBA-1 in the amygdala and CD11b in the spinal cord), astrocyte activation (GFAP in the spinal cord), mitochondrial dysfunction (PGC1α in the amygdala), and oxidative stress (TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala) were found in untreated SNL rats. Oral administration of CUR and BDMC significantly decreased mechanical hypersensitivity. CUR decreased CD11b and GFAP gene expression in the spinal cord. BDMC decreased IBA-1 in the spinal cord and amygdala as well as CD11b and GFAP in the spinal cord. Both CUR and BDMC reduced PGC1α gene expression in the amygdala, PINK1 gene expression in the spinal cord, and TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala, while they increased Complex I and SOD1 gene expression in the spinal cord. CUR and BDMC administration decreased mechanical hypersensitivity in NP by mitigating glial activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianna M. Santos
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (J.M.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (J.M.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Viren Bhakta
- Department of Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA (Z.D.)
| | - Zarek Driver
- Department of Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA (Z.D.)
| | - Yakhnitsa Vadim
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (Y.V.); (T.K.); (G.J.); (V.N.)
| | - Takaki Kiritoshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (Y.V.); (T.K.); (G.J.); (V.N.)
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (Y.V.); (T.K.); (G.J.); (V.N.)
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (Y.V.); (T.K.); (G.J.); (V.N.)
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (J.M.S.); (R.W.)
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao H, Gao H, Zhang Y, Lan T, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang H, Xue M, Liang H. Folic Acid Protects against Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Mitophagy Imbalance by ROS Scavenging and Attenuating the Elevated Hcy Levels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14276-14288. [PMID: 37738285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Ample evidence indicates that ethanol-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). As an adaptive quality control mechanism, mitophagy removes dysfunctional mitochondria to avert hepatic lesions in ALD. Folic acid exhibits potential radical scavenging properties and has been proven to ameliorate mitochondrial disorder in oxidative stress-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to uncover the mitophagy regulatory effects of folic acid in a 10w alcohol C57BL/6J mice feeding model (56% v/v) and L02 cells model cultured with ethanol (2.5% v/v). The results showed that folic acid alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury, decreasing oxidative stress and restoring liver enzyme. Furthermore, folic acid improved the mitochondrial function and inhibited ethanol-activated mitophagy through decreasing PINK1-Parkin and Drp1 expression, which inhibited the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C to the cytoplasm, preventing hepatocyte apoptosis. Intriguingly, folic acid attenuates the elevated hepatic homocysteine (Hcy) level. Additionally, the pretreatment of L02 cells with folic acid also ameliorated Hcy-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial fission, and mitophagy. In summary, these results suggest that folic acid has beneficial effects in mitophagy remodeling by ROS scavenging and facilitating Hcy metabolism and could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent against ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Zhao
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University. Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiqi Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tongtong Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang JX, Bao SC, Chen J, Chen T, Wei HL, Zhou XY, Li JT, Yan SG. Xiaojianzhong decoction prevents gastric precancerous lesions in rats by inhibiting autophagy and glycolysis in gastric mucosal cells. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:464-489. [PMID: 37009319 PMCID: PMC10052669 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i3.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) precede the development of gastric cancer (GC). They are characterized by gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia caused by various factors such as inflammation, bacterial infection, and injury. Abnormalities in autophagy and glycolysis affect GPL progression, and their effective regulation can aid in GPL treatment and GC prevention. Xiaojianzhong decoction (XJZ) is a classic compound for the treatment of digestive system diseases in ancient China which can inhibit the progression of GPL. However, its specific mechanism of action is still unclear.
AIM To investigate the therapeutic effects of XJZ decoction on a rat GPL model and the mechanisms underlying its effects on autophagy and glycolysis regulation in GPLs.
METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of five rats each and all groups except the control group were subjected to GPL model construction for 18 wk. The rats’ body weight was monitored every 2 wk starting from the beginning of modeling. Gastric histopathology was examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff staining. Autophagy was observed using transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of autophagy, hypoxia, and glycolysis related proteins in gastric mucosa were detected using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The expressions of the following proteins in gastric tissues: B cell lymphoma/Leukemia-2 and adenovirus E1B19000 interacting protein 3 (Bnip-3), microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC-3), moesin-like BCL2-interacting protein 1 (Beclin-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kimase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p53, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and Unc-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1) were detected using western blot. The relative expressions of autophagy, hypoxia, and glycolysis related mRNA in gastric tissues was detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS Treatment with XJZ increased the rats’ body weight and improved GPL-related histopathological manifestations. It also decreased autophagosome and autolysosome formation in gastric tissues and reduced Bnip-3, Beclin-1, and LC-3II expressions, resulting in inhibition of autophagy. Moreover, XJZ down-regulated glycolysis-related monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1), MCT4, and CD147 expressions. XJZ prevented the increase of autophagy level by decreasing gastric mucosal hypoxia, activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, inhibiting the p53/AMPK pathway activation and ULK1 Ser-317 and Ser-555 phosphorylation. In addition, XJZ improved abnormal gastric mucosal glucose metabolism by ameliorating gastric mucosal hypoxia and inhibiting ULK1 expression.
CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that XJZ may inhibit autophagy and glycolysis in GPL gastric mucosal cells by improving gastric mucosal hypoxia and regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR and p53/ AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathways, providing a feasible strategy for the GPL treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Chuan Bao
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Liang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing-Tao Li
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Guang Yan
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Prescriptions in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Q, Ruan D, Shi J, Du D, Bian C. The multifaceted roles of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093038. [PMID: 36860298 PMCID: PMC9968749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in cells, supporting the metabolic demand of tissue. The dysfunctional mitochondria are implicated in various diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction. Natural products are pleiotropic and readily obtainable sources of therapeutic agents, which have broad prospects in new drug discovery. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting natural products have been extensively studied and have shown promising pharmacological activity in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, we summarize recent advances in natural products in targeting mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in this review. We discuss natural products in terms of their mechanisms on mitochondrial dysfunction, including modulating mitochondrial quality control system and regulating mitochondrial functions. In addition, we describe the future perspective and challenges in the development of mitochondria-targeting natural products, emphasizing the potential value of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiayan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongru Du
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu H, Zhang L, Jia H, Xu L, Cao Y, Zhai M, Li K, Xia L, Jiang L, Li X, Zhou Y, Liu J, Yu S, Duan W. Tetrahydrocurcumin improves lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via JNK/ERK signaling pathway regulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154283. [PMID: 35779282 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial dysfunction in patients with sepsis is attributed to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte loss; however, specific drugs for its prevention are still lacking. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has been proven to contribute to the prevention of various cardiovascular diseases by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. This study was performed to investigate the functions and mechanism of action of THC in septic cardiomyopathy. METHODS After the oral administration of THC (120 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days, a mouse model of sepsis was established via intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) injection. Following this, cardiac function was assessed, pathological section staining was performed, and inflammatory markers were detected. RESULTS Myocardial systolic function was severely compromised in parallel with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with sepsis. These adverse changes were markedly reversed in response to THC treatment in septic mice as well as in LPS-treated H9c2 cells. Mechanistically, THC inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, by upregulating mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, to block the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK). Additionally, THC enhanced the levels of antioxidant proteins, including nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2, superoxide dismutase 2, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, while decreasing gp91phox expression. Furthermore, upon THC treatment, Bcl-2 expression was significantly increased, along with a decline in Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression, which reduced cardiomyocyte loss. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that THC exhibited protective potential against septic cardiomyopathy by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation through the regulation of JNK/ERK signaling. The findings of this study provide a basis for the further evaluation of THC as a therapeutic agent against septic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kaifeng Li
- Basic Medical Teaching Experiment Center, Basic Medical College, The Air Force Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110015, China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yenong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang L, Li C, Wang S, Avtanski D, Hadzi-Petrushev N, Mitrokhin V, Mladenov M, Wang F. Tetrahydrocurcumin-Related Vascular Protection: An Overview of the Findings from Animal Disease Models. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165100. [PMID: 36014335 PMCID: PMC9412611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), one of the major metabolites of CUR, possesses several CUR-like pharmacological effects; however, its mechanisms of action are largely unknown. This manuscript aims to summarize the literature on the preventive role of THC on vascular dysfunction and the development of hypertension by exploring the effects of THC on hemodynamic status, aortic elasticity, and oxidative stress in vasculature in different animal models. We review the protective effects of THC against hypertension induced by heavy metals (cadmium and iron), as well as its impact on arterial stiffness and vascular remodeling. The effects of THC on angiogenesis in CaSki xenografted mice and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are well documented. On the other hand, as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound, THC is involved in enhancing homocysteine-induced mitochondrial remodeling in brain endothelial cells. The experimental evidence regarding the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction during cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury and the therapeutic potential of THC to alleviate mitochondrial cerebral dysmorphic dysfunction patterns is also scrutinized and explored. Overall, the studies on different animal models of disease suggest that THC can be used as a dietary supplement to protect against cardiovascular changes caused by various factors (such as heavy metal overload, oxidative stress, and carcinogenesis). Additionally, the reviewed literature data seem to confirm THC's potential to improve mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral vasculature during ischemic stroke through epigenetic mechanisms. We suggest that further preclinical studies should be implemented to demonstrate THC's vascular-protective, antiangiogenic, and anti-tumorigenic effects in humans. Applying the methods used in the presently reviewed studies would be useful and will help define the doses and methods of THC administration in various disease settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changhu Li
- Cancer Center, Division of Radiation Physics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Medical Department, 6th City Clinical Hospital, 220037 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street, 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mitko Mladenov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street, 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Feng Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A signature constructed with mitophagy-related genes to predict the prognosis and therapy response for breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:6169-6186. [PMID: 35939339 PMCID: PMC9417220 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) have increased rapidly; however, molecular biomarkers that can reliably detect BC are yet to be discovered. Our study aimed to identify a novel signature that can predict the prognosis of patients with BC. Data from the TCGA-BRCA cohort were analyzed using univariate Cox regression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was performed to build a stable prognostic model. Subsequently, Kaplan–Meier (K–M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to demonstrate the predictive power of our gene signature. Each patient was assigned to either a low- or high-risk group. Patients with high-risk BC had poorer survival than those with low-risk BC. Cox regression analysis suggested that our signature was an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, decision curve analysis and calibration accurately predicted the capacity of our nomogram. Thus, based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of mitophagy-related tumor classification, we established a 13-gene signature and robust nomogram for predicting BC prognosis, which can be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of BC.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li T, Dong G, Kang Y, Zhang M, Sheng X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Kong N, Sun H. Increased homocysteine regulated by androgen activates autophagy by suppressing the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in the granulosa cells of polycystic ovary syndrome mice. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10875-10888. [PMID: 35485387 PMCID: PMC9208444 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of excess homocysteine in relation to autophagic activity in the ovarian tissue of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with hyperandrogenism.A PCOS model was constructed using ICR mice. ELISA was used to detect the Hcy levels in the serum and ovarian tissues of PCOS model. The expression level of key enzymes (Methionine synthase and Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, MTR and BHMT) in homocysteine metabolism and autophagy-related proteins were detected in ovarian tissues and mouse granulosa cells (mGCs) that were treated with homocysteine, androgen, autophagy inhibitors or BHMT-expressing plasmid by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Electron microscope experiments were used to evaluate autophagosomes in Hcy-treated mGCs. The prenatally androgenized (PNA) PCOS mouse model showed hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperandrogenism. Homocysteine levels displayed a significant increase, while its metabolic enzymes levels were significantly decreased in ovarian tissues of PCOS mice and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-stimulated mGCs. The LC3II and Beclin1 expression levels were increased and the P62 and p-mTOR levels were decreased in vivo in ovarian tissue from the PCOS mice. The in vitro data were similarly with the in vivo by stimulation of mGCs with DHT or homocysteine. These effects could be diminished by the autophagy inhibitor (MHY1485), androgen receptor antagonists (ARN509) or BHMT-expressing plasmid. Androgen increases homocysteine concentration by downregulating the key enzymes in homocysteine metabolism. And then Hcy promotes GCs autophagy via the mTOR signal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi, China
| | - Guogang Dong
- Department of Radiology, The General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yani Kang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Li P, Zhang X, Li L, Liu M, Li X, Dai Y, Zhang C, Li S. Mitochondrial-Respiration-Improving Effects of Three Different Gardeniae Fructus Preparations and Their Components. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:34229-34241. [PMID: 34963909 PMCID: PMC8697009 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The processing method for Chinese traditional herbal medicine is "Pao Zhi" in Chinese. This study examined the efficacy of the Pao Zhi on the preparations of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) on a mitochondrial respiratory function in rats. To determine the efficacy of Pao Zhi, we investigated the effects of GF heat processing on mitochondrial respiratory function. To test the GF components, the rats were randomly divided into a geniposide-alone group, crocin-alone group, and combination groups and treated with geniposide and crocin at different ratios. The results showed that a high dose, raw GF was more effective in improving the neurological function, mitochondrial respiratory function, and activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase than the preparations that underwent heating. Moreover, mitochondrial ROS production was the lowest in the raw GF-treated group. In addition, treatments with crocin and GC3 were more effective than geniposide in improving the functional deficit in MCAO rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that raw GF is the most suitable preparation for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, and its underlying mechanisms may be associated with the improvement of mitochondrial respiratory function, increased activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase, and reduced oxidative stress in mitochondria. Our findings suggest that raw GF, especially crocin, could be an ideal therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Puling Li
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yejia Dai
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- School
of Pharmacy, Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Shaojing Li
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Behera J, Kumar A, Voor MJ, Tyagi N. Exosomal lncRNA-H19 promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis through mediating Angpt1/Tie2-NO signaling in CBS-heterozygous mice. Theranostics 2021; 11:7715-7734. [PMID: 34335960 PMCID: PMC8315071 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Emerging evidence indicates that the growth of blood vessels and osteogenesis is tightly coordinated during bone development. However, the molecular regulators of intercellular communication in the bone microenvironment are not well studied. Therefore, we aim to investigate whether BMMSC-Exo promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis via transporting lnc-H19 in the CBS- heterozygous mouse model. Methods: Using RT2 lncRNA PCR array screening, we identify a bone-specific, long noncoding RNA-H19 (lncRNA-H19/lnc-H19) in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC-Exo) during osteogenesis. Using bioinformatics analysis, we further discovered the seed sequence of miR-106a that could bind to lnc-H19. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to demonstrate the direct binding of miR-106a to the target gene angiopoietin 1 (Angpt1). We employed an immunocompromised Nude mouse model, to evaluate the effects of BMMSC-Exo on angiogenesis in vivo. Using a micro-CT scan, we monitored microstructural changes of bone in the experimental mice. Results: BMMSC-Exo possessed exosomal characteristics including exosome size, and typical markers including CD63, CD9, and TSD101. In vitro, BMMSC-Exo significantly promoted endothelial angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Mechanistic studies have shown that exosomal lnc-H19 acts as "sponges" to absorb miR-106 and regulate the expression of angiogenic factor, Angpt1 that activates lnc-H19/Tie2-NO signaling in mesenchymal and endothelial cells. Both of these effects on osteogenesis and angiogenesis are inhibited by antagonizing Tie2 signaling. Treatment of BMMSC-Exo also restored the bone formation and mechanical quality in vivo. Conclusion: These findings provide a novel insight into how the extracellular role of exosomal lnc-H19 affects osteogenesis and angiogenesis through competing endogenous RNA networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmaya Behera
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Michael J. Voor
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,✉ Corresponding author: Neetu Tyagi, Ph.D., FAPS. Associate Professor, Bone Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Health Sciences Center, A-1201, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202. Phone: 502-852-4145; Fax: 502-852-6239; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates Alzheimer's pathological phenotypes by inhibition of microglial cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via Ras/ERK signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111651. [PMID: 34243602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane-3,5-dione (tetrahydrocurcumin, THC) is a major bioactive metabolite of curcumin, demonstrating the potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, etc. In this study, it was found that Aβ induced decreased cell viability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BV-2 cells, which were ameliorated by THC. In vivo, THC administration rescued learning and memory, and reduced Aβ burden in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. By proteomic analysis of the hippocampus of mice, 157 differentially expressed proteins were identified in APP/PS1 mice treated with THC (comparing with APP/PS1 mice), which also suggested that the effects of THC on the cell cycle and apoptosis were mostly related to the "Ras signaling pathway", etc. In APP/PS1 mice, the down-regulation of Gab2 and K-Ras, and the up-regulation of caspase-3, TGF-β1 and TNF-ɑ were observed; THC attenuated the abnormal expression of Gab2, K-Ras, caspase-3 and TNF-ɑ, and up-regulated TGF-β1 and Bag1 expression. In BV-2 cells, Aβ induced the down-regulation of Gab2, K-Ras and TGF-β1, and the overexpression of caspase-3, PARP1, cleaved-PARP1 and TNF-ɑ, which were restored by THC. Moreover, THC up-regulated Bag1 expression in Aβ-treated BV-2 cells. The decreased transcriptional expression of Ccnd2 and Cdkn1a were also observed in Aβ-treated BV-2 cells, and THC alleviated the down-regulation of Ccnd2. For the first time, we identified that the action of THC in preventing AD was associated with inhibition of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of microglia via the Ras/ERK signaling pathway, shedding new light on the role of THC in alleviating the progression of AD.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liang Z, Currais A, Soriano-Castell D, Schubert D, Maher P. Natural products targeting mitochondria: emerging therapeutics for age-associated neurological disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 221:107749. [PMID: 33227325 PMCID: PMC8084865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in the brain thereby supporting most of its activity. However, mitochondria become inefficient and dysfunctional with age and to a greater extent in neurological disorders. Thus, mitochondria represent an emerging drug target for many age-associated neurological disorders. This review summarizes recent advances (covering from 2010 to May 2020) in the use of natural products from plant, animal, and microbial sources as potential neuroprotective agents to restore mitochondrial function. Natural products from diverse classes of chemical structures are discussed and organized according to their mechanism of action on mitochondria in terms of modulation of biogenesis, dynamics, bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, and membrane potential, as well as inhibition of the oxytosis/ferroptosis pathway. This analysis emphasizes the significant value of natural products for mitochondrial pharmacology as well as the opportunities and challenges for the discovery and development of future neurotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States; The Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - David Schubert
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States; The Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Preliminary analysis of immunoregulatory mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced brain injury in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:483. [PMID: 33790992 PMCID: PMC8005698 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) can be used as an independent risk factor for predicting cardiovascular disease, stroke and vitamin B12 deficiency. Patients with HHcy have elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Enhancing cerebrovascular permeability of substances such as Hcy and brain damage will synergistically increase the symptoms of hypertension, but the specific immune regulation mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of the present study was to preliminarily explore the immunomodulatory mechanism of brain damage caused by HHcy in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. A total of 60 WKYs were randomly divided into three groups: WKY control group (WKY-C group), WKY methionine group (WKY-M group) and WKY treatment group (WKY-T group; vitamin B6, B12 and folic acid were used as treatment), with 20 rats in each group. Physical examination of body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and plasma Hcy content was performed routinely. The concentration of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and TGF-β, associated with T helper cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and key regulator genes, including retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γ t (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), were detected by ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Th17/Treg lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry. MRI scan was preliminarily used to detect the changes characteristic of the ischemic stroke. The results revealed that high methionine diets might have a significant effect on the body weight and SBP. The inflammatory response effect of Treg cells was significantly inhibited in the WKY-M group, and that of Th17 cells was upregulated when compared to the WKY-T group. Compared with the WKY-T group, the expression levels of IL-17A and RORγt in the WKY-M group were significantly upregulated, while the mRNA levels of FoxP3 in the WKY-M group were significantly downregulated. The diet intervention (including vitamins B6 and B12 and folic acid) could reduce the level of Hcy in the blood, but also reduce the inflammatory response and rectify the Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage. In conclusion, the present study indicated that HHcy can promote inflammation by triggering Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tan J, Chen SX, Lei QY, Yi SQ, Wu N, Wang YL, Xiao ZJ, Wu H. Mitochonic acid 5 regulates mitofusin 2 to protect microglia. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1813-1820. [PMID: 33510088 PMCID: PMC8328753 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial apoptosis is associated with neuroinflammation and no effective strategies are currently available to protect microglia against inflammation-induced apoptosis. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells (5 × 106) were incubated with 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides for 12 hours to mimic an inflammatory environment. Then the cells were co-cultured with mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) for another 12 hours. MA-5 improved the survival of lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells. MA-5 decreased the activity of caspase-3, which is associated with apoptosis. MA-5 reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells, and increased adenosine triphosphate levels in cells. MA-5 decreased the open state of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reduced calcium overload and diffusion of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac). MA-5 decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (mitochondrial Smac, cytoplasmic Smac, pro-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, and caspase-9), and increased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl2 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein), mitochondria-related proteins (mitochondrial fusion protein 2, mitochondrial microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B II), and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, p62 and autophagy related 5). However, MA-5 did not promote mitochondrial homeostasis or decrease microglial apoptosis when Mitofusin 2 expression was silenced. This shows that MA-5 increased Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy, reversed cellular energy production and maintained energy metabolism in BV-2 cells in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. These findings indicate that MA-5 may promote the survival of microglial cells via Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing-Yun Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shan-Qing Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Jian Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kaplan P, Tatarkova Z, Sivonova MK, Racay P, Lehotsky J. Homocysteine and Mitochondria in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207698. [PMID: 33080955 PMCID: PMC7589705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated concentration of homocysteine (Hcy) in the blood plasma, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), has been implicated in various disorders, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that pathophysiology of these diseases is linked with mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge concerning the effects of HHcy on mitochondrial homeostasis, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and mitochondrial dynamics. The recent studies suggest that the interaction between Hcy and mitochondria is complex, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are possible mediators of Hcy effects. We focus on mechanisms contributing to HHcy-associated oxidative stress, such as sources of ROS generation and alterations in antioxidant defense resulting from altered gene expression and post-translational modifications of proteins. Moreover, we discuss some recent findings suggesting that HHcy may have beneficial effects on mitochondrial ROS homeostasis and antioxidant defense. A better understanding of complex mechanisms through which Hcy affects mitochondrial functions could contribute to the development of more specific therapeutic strategies targeted at HHcy-associated disorders.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pan Y, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Ma X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Li F, Gong X, Zhao J, Tang H, Wang J. Tetrahydrocurcumin mitigates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced cerebral oedema and inflammation through the NF-κB/VEGF/MMP-9 pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2963-2977. [PMID: 32573860 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
High-altitude cerebral oedema (HACE) is a potentially fatal manifestation of high-altitude sickness and is caused partly by inflammation and the blood-brain barrier disruption. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has been reported to exert effective antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects; This study sought to elucidate the underlying mechanism of THC in mitigating HACE using a mouse model. Our results revealed that prophylactic administration of THC (40 mg/kg) for 3 days significantly alleviated the increase in brain water content (BWC), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TNF-α levels caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia (AHH). Additionally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased by THC to enhance the ability to resist hypoxia. Histological and ultrastructural analysis of the cerebrum revealed that THC administration mitigated AHH-induced pericellular oedema and reduced the perivascular space, resulting in the simultaneous remission of oedema and protection of mitochondria in the cerebrum. In vitro, astrocytes exposed to hypoxia (4% O2 ) for 24 hr exhibited and increase in IL-1β expression followed by an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Furthermore, THC administration remarkably downregulated VEGF, matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) expression, both in vivo and in vitro. Our data highlight the potential prophylactic activity of THC in HACE, it effectively mitigates AHH-induced cerebral oedema and inflammation is associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB/ VEGF/MMP-9 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Pan
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jiani Yuan
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuexinyu Ma
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yani Zhao
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yao Li
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoli Gong
- Center for translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Center for translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Center for translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Li W, Ma Y, Li Z, Lv X, Wang X, Zhou D, Luo S, Wilson JX, Huang G. Folic Acid Decreases Astrocyte Apoptosis by Preventing Oxidative Stress-Induced Telomere Attrition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010062. [PMID: 31861819 PMCID: PMC6981374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most widely distributed cells in the brain, and astrocyte apoptosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Folate is required for the normal development of the nervous system, but its effect on astrocyte apoptosis is unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that folic acid (the therapeutic form of folate) decreases astrocyte apoptosis by preventing oxidative stress-induced telomere attrition. Primary cultures of astrocytes were incubated for 12 days with various concentrations of folic acid (0-40 μmol/L), then cell proliferation, apoptosis, intracellular folate concentration, intracellular homocysteine (Hcy) concentration, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, telomeric DNA oxidative damage, and telomere length were determined. The results showed that folic acid deficiency decreased intracellular folate, cell proliferation, and telomere length, whereas it increased Hcy concentration, ROS levels, telomeric DNA oxidative damage, and apoptosis. In contrast, folic acid dose-dependently increased intracellular folate, cell proliferation, and telomere length but it decreased Hcy concentration, ROS levels, telomeric DNA oxidative damage, and apoptosis. In conclusion, folic acid inhibited apoptosis in astrocytes. The underlying mechanism for this protective effect may be that folic acid decreased oxidative stress and thereby prevented telomeric DNA oxidative damage and telomere attrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhenshu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Dezheng Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
| | - Suhui Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - John X. Wilson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214-8028, USA;
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (D.Z.); (S.L.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-8333-6603; Fax: +86-22-8333-6603
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar M, Sandhir R. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in brain. Mitochondrion 2019; 50:158-169. [PMID: 31751655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been implicated in the development of neurodegenerative conditions and mild cognitive disorders. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are the major mechanisms involved in homocysteine (Hcy)-induced neurotoxicity. Although, hydrogen sulfide has been reported as potent antioxidant, its effects on Hcy-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions have not been studied. Therefore, the present study has been designed to evaluate the protective effect of NaHS on Hcy-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in brain. NaHS supplementation decreased reactive oxygen species and nitrite levels in the cortex and hippocampus of animals with HHcy. NaHS supplementation increased the activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain components; NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase and F0-F1 ATPase in the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals along with in-gel activity of complex I - complex V in the mitochondria isolated from the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals. Moreover, NaHS supplementation also increased the mitochondrial complex I, II and IV mediated oxygen consumption rate in Hcy treated mitochondria. NaHS administration prevented the Hcy-induced mitochondrial damage as suggested by the decreased mitochondrial swelling in the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals. NaHS supplementation decreased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes (1-5) in the brain regions of HHcy animals. The expression of protein kinase c δ was also decreased in the brain regions of HHcy animals following NaHS supplementation. This was accompanied by reduced activity of caspase-3 indicating anti-apoptotic effect of H2S. Taken together, the findings suggest that H2S supplementation ameliorates Hcy-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions suggesting H2S releasing drugs may be a novel therapeutic approach to treat HHcy associated neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dhakal S, Kushairi N, Phan CW, Adhikari B, Sabaratnam V, Macreadie I. Dietary Polyphenols: A Multifactorial Strategy to Target Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5090. [PMID: 31615073 PMCID: PMC6834216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable fundamental process for people and is their greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. The ageing processes bring changes in cells that can drive the organisms to experience loss of nutrient sensing, disrupted cellular functions, increased oxidative stress, loss of cellular homeostasis, genomic instability, accumulation of misfolded protein, impaired cellular defenses and telomere shortening. Perturbation of these vital cellular processes in neuronal cells can lead to life threatening neurological disorders like Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Lewy body dementia, etc. Alzheimer's Disease is the most frequent cause of deaths in the elderly population. Various therapeutic molecules have been designed to overcome the social, economic and health care burden caused by Alzheimer's Disease. Almost all the chemical compounds in clinical practice have been found to treat symptoms only limiting them to palliative care. The reason behind such imperfect drugs may result from the inefficiencies of the current drugs to target the cause of the disease. Here, we review the potential role of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds that could possibly be the most effective preventative strategy against Alzheimer's Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Dhakal
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Naufal Kushairi
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chia Wei Phan
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ian Macreadie
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhai Y, Behera J, Tyagi SC, Tyagi N. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates homocysteine-induced osteoblast dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial toxicity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18602-18614. [PMID: 30912146 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is detrimental to bone health in a mouse model of diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). However, little is known about Hcy-mediated osteoblast dysfunction via mitochondrial oxidative damage. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. In this study, we hypothesized that the H2 S mediated recovery of osteoblast dysfunction by maintaining mitochondrial biogenesis in Hcy-treated osteoblast cultures in vitro. MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells were exposed to Hcy treatment in the presence or absence of an H2 S donor (NaHS). Cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and oxygen consumption were also measured. Our results demonstrated that administration of Hcy increases the intracellular Hcy level and decreases intracellular H2 S level and expression of the cystathionine β-synthase/Cystathionine γ-lyase system, thereby inhibiting osteogenic differentiation. Pretreatment with NaHS attenuated Hcy-induced mitochondrial toxicity (production of total ROS and mito-ROS, ratio of mitochondrial fission (DRP-1)/fusion (Mfn-2)) and restored ATP production and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers as well as oxygen consumption in the osteoblast as compared with the control, indicating its protective effects against Hcy-induced mitochondrial toxicity. In addition, NaHS also decreased the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol, which induces cell apoptosis. Finally, flow cytometry confirmed that NaHS can rescue cells from apoptosis induced by Hcy. Our studies strongly suggest that NaHS has beneficial effects on mitochondrial toxicity, and could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent against HHcy-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured osteoblasts in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Zhai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jyotirmaya Behera
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Diao L, Bai L, Jiang X, Li J, Zhang Q. Long‐chain noncoding RNA GAS5 mediates oxidative stress in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells injury. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17649-17662. [PMID: 30825202 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Diao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Xingpei Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim KA, Shin D, Kim JH, Shin YJ, Rajanikant GK, Majid A, Baek SH, Bae ON. Role of Autophagy in Endothelial Damage and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2018; 49:1571-1579. [PMID: 29724893 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.017287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-A Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Donggeun Shin
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - Young-Jun Shin
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| | - G K Rajanikant
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India (G.K.R.)
| | - Arshad Majid
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, England (A.M.)
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea (S.-H.B.)
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- From the College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea (K.-A.K., D.S., J.-H.K., Y.-J.S., O.-N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|