1
|
Zarin MKZ, Dehaen W, Salehi P, Asl AAB. Synthesis and Modification of Morphine and Codeine, Leading to Diverse Libraries with Improved Pain Relief Properties. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1779. [PMID: 37376226 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphine and codeine, two of the most common opioids, are widely used in the clinic for different types of pain. Morphine is one of the most potent agonists for the μ-opioid receptor, leading to the strongest analgesic effect. However, due to their association with serious side effects such as respiratory depression, constriction, euphoria, and addiction, it is necessary for derivatives of morphine and codeine to be developed to overcome such drawbacks. The development of analgesics based on the opiate structure that can be safe, orally active, and non-addictive is one of the important fields in medicinal chemistry. Over the years, morphine and codeine have undergone many structural changes. The biological investigation of semi-synthetic derivatives of both morphine and codeine, especially morphine, shows that studies on these structures are still significant for the development of potent opioid antagonists and agonists. In this review, we summarize several decade-long attempts to synthesize new analogues of morphine and codeine. Our summary placed a focus on synthetic derivatives derived from ring A (positions 1, 2, and 3), ring C (position 6), and N-17 moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kamelan Zargar Zarin
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Amir Ata Bahmani Asl
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tsukamoto H, Nakamura S, Tomida A, Doi T. Scalable Total Syntheses and Structure–Activity Relationships of Haouamines A, B, and Their Derivatives as Stable Formate Salts. Chemistry 2020; 26:12528-12532. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Yokohama University of Pharmacy 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
| | - Saki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Akito Tomida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Panday SK. Advances in the Mitsunobu Reaction: An Excellent Organic Protocol with Versatile Applications. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180612090313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The beginning of 1970’s may well be regarded as turning point in the area of organic synthesis
when an efficient and straight forward strategy for the reaction of primary and/or secondary alcohols
with variety of nucleophiles in the presence of triphenylphosphine and azodicarboxylate reagent was
discovered by O. Mitsunobu and since then rapid progress has been made in understanding and applying
the Mitsunobu reaction for various derivatization reactions. Due to versatile applications and mild reaction
conditions associated with the said strategy, the Mitsunobu reaction has received much attention in
the last almost fifty years and has been well reported. The basic objective of this review is to pay attention
on the recent advances and applications of the Mitsunobu reaction particularly in last decade. The
attention has also been paid to describe various modifications which have been explored in the traditional
Mitsunobu reaction by substituting P (III) reagents or azodicarboxylate reagents with other suitable
reagents or else using an organocatalyst with the objective to improve upon the traditional Mitsunobu
reaction. In the present review we wish to report the major advancements achieved in last few years
which are likely to be beneficial for the researchers across the globe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Kumar Panday
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly-243 006, U.P, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manvar A, Shah A. Subtle Mitsunobu couplings under super-heating: the role of high-throughput continuous flow and microwave strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:8112-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01432d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fragile Mitsunobu reaction can efficiently be performed under super-heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Manvar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
- Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anamik Shah
- National Facility for Drug Discovery
- Centre of Excellence
- Saurashtra University
- Rajkot-360005, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Synthesis of 9-amino(9-deoxy)epi cinchona alkaloids, general chiral organocatalysts for the stereoselective functionalization of carbonyl compounds. Nat Protoc 2013; 8:325-44. [PMID: 23329005 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe two procedures for the synthesis of primary amines derived from 9-amino(9-deoxy)epi cinchona alkaloids, valuable catalysts used in the asymmetric functionalization of carbonyl compounds. The first approach allows the one-pot 5-g-scale syntheses of four cinchona-based analogs (1, 3, 5 and 7) from the alkaloids quinine (QN), quinidine (QD), dihydroquinine (DHQN) and dihydroquinidine (DHQD), respectively, performed by means of a Mitsunobu reaction to introduce an azide group, followed by reduction and hydrolysis. Demethylation of 1, 3, 5 and 7 with BBr(3) provided direct access to the bifunctional aminocatalysts 2, 4, 6 and 8. A second approach, more convenient for scale-up (tested to a 20-g scale), is also provided. In this second procedure, the azides, formed from the O-mesylated derivatives of QN and QD, are selectively reduced with LiAlH(4) to afford catalysts 1 and 3, whereas hydrogenation (Pd/C) provides 5 and 7. Demethylation of 1, 3, 5 and 7 using an alkylthiolate affords 2, 4, 6 and 8 in a process in which the less-expensive QN and QD are the only starting materials used.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Fan H, Zhang F, Qi Y, Qiu W, Yang F, Tang J, He P. Synthesis of a β-cyclodextrin derivate and its molecular recognition behavior on modified glassy carbon electrode by diazotization. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
7
|
Swamy KCK, Kumar NNB, Balaraman E, Kumar KVPP. Mitsunobu and Related Reactions: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2551-651. [PMID: 19382806 DOI: 10.1021/cr800278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 873] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - N. N. Bhuvan Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - E. Balaraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Golantsov NE, Karchava AV, Yurovskaya MA. The Mitsunobu reaction in the chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The formation of heterocyclic systems (review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-008-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Yu H, Richey RN, Mendiola J, Adeva M, Somoza C, May SA, Carson MW, Coghlan MJ. Stereoselective synthesis of dibenzoxapine containing tetrasubstituted exocyclic alkenes via cascade methylboronic acid coupling reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Yu H, Richey RN, Carson MW, Coghlan MJ. Cyclocarbopalladation of Alkynes: A Stereoselective Method for Preparing Dibenzoxapine Containing Tetrasubstituted Exocyclic Alkenes. Org Lett 2006; 8:1685-8. [PMID: 16597141 DOI: 10.1021/ol060289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A palladium-catalyzed cascade carbometalation-cross coupling of alkyne route was developed for the preparation of tetrasubstituted exocyclic alkenes with high stereo- and regiocontrol. The effectiveness of this novel methodology was demonstrated by the synthesis of a number of dibenzoxapines in sufficient quantities to support their further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Yu
- Chemical Product Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schenk S, Weston J, Anders E. Density Functional Investigation of the Mitsunobu Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:12566-76. [PMID: 16144404 DOI: 10.1021/ja052362i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this article we performed an extensive density functional [BP86/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level] investigation of the hypersurface of the Mitsunobu reaction. Reaction of a phosphine with a dialkyl azodicarboxylate (first step in the Mitsunobu conversion) leads to either a five-membered oxadiazaphosphole ring (more stable) or a betaine. The subsequent formation of two stable intermediates, a dialkoxyphosphorane and an acyloxyalkoxyphosphorane, constitutes the second step in the mechanism. These intermediates are in equilibrium with each other (under exchange of alkoxy and acyloxy ligands), and both can undergo an acid-induced decomposition to yield the alkoxy- and/or acyloxyphosphonium salts. The alkoxyphosphonium salt generates the desired ester via a SN2 mechanism (inversion product). Alternatively, the phosphorus atom in a mixed acyloxyalkoxyphosphorane species can easily undergo Berry pseudorotation. A subsequent intramolecular substitution leads to the final ester via a retention mechanism. The hypersurface is much more complicated than previously assumed, and the Mitsunobu reaction is fundamentally capable of running under either inversion or retention. The possibility of selective stereocontrol is discussed. Side reactions include the formation of a degradation product and an anhydride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schenk
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dembinski R. Recent Advances in the Mitsunobu Reaction: Modified Reagents and the Quest for Chromatography‐Free Separation. European J Org Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Dembinski
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, Michigan 48309‐4477, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Defacqz N, Tran-Trieu V, Cordi A, Marchand-Brynaert J. Synthesis of C5-substituted imidazolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
14
|
Falkiewicz B. Application of Mitsunobu reaction to solid-phase peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomer synthesis. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2002; 21:883-9. [PMID: 12537028 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120016612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PNA type I monomer backbone with a reduced peptide bond was synthesized on a Merrifield resin in Mitsunobu reaction of Boc-aminoethanol with resin-bound o-nitrobenzenesulfonylglycine. The pseudodipeptide secondary amine group was deprotected by thiolysis and acylated with thymin-1-ylacetic acid. The monomer was released as a methyl ester. The procedure seems to be of general applicability and allows various modifications of PNA structure by using diverse alcohols and amino acid esters.
Collapse
|
15
|
Takacs JM, Xu Z, Jiang XT, Leonov AP, Theriot GC. Carbon nucleophiles in the Mitsunobu reaction. Mono- and dialkylation of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) malonates. Org Lett 2002; 4:3843-5. [PMID: 12599473 DOI: 10.1021/ol0266626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[formula: see text] Simple dialkyl malonate esters, for example diethyl malonate, exhibit relatively limited scope as carbon nucleophiles in the Mitsunobu dehydrative alkylation reaction. In contrast, bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) malonate readily undergoes dehydrative alkylation with primary alcohols, and using only a slight excess of malonate gives monoalkylated product in good yield. Some secondary alcohols can also be employed, and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) malonates can be used in a second dehydrative alkylation to give dialkylated products in good to excellent yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Takacs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska--Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahn C, DeShong P. An approach to the stereoselective synthesis of syn- and anti-1,3-diol derivatives. Retention of configuration in the Mitsunobu reaction. J Org Chem 2002; 67:1754-9. [PMID: 11895389 DOI: 10.1021/jo001525c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Mitsunobu reaction typically proceeds with inversion of configuration at the hydroxyl center. However, with a series of hindered alcohols, the intramolecular version of the Mitsunobu reaction afforded exclusively the product of retention of configuration. A mechanistic rationale for this observation is discussed, wherein this atypical stereochemical outcome is attributed to steric congestion at the reaction center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuljin Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Falkiewicz B, Kołodziejczyk AS, Liberek B, Wiśniewski K. Synthesis of achiral and chiral peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers using Mitsunobu reaction. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Fraser-Reid B, Anilkumar G, Nair LG, Olsson L, Martin MG, Daniels JK. Strategies for stereocontrol at C1 or C2 in syntheses of α-glucosaminides. Isr J Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1560/kdp7-d0ba-bn04-3h3a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
19
|
Marcantoni E, Massaccesi M, Petrini M, Bartoli G, Bellucci MC, Bosco M, Sambri L. A novel route to the vinyl sulfide nine-membered macrocycle moiety of Griseoviridin. J Org Chem 2000; 65:4553-9. [PMID: 10959858 DOI: 10.1021/jo000116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic potentialities of cerium(III) chloride are demonstrated by the synthesis of a nine-membered ring heterocycle component of Griseoviridin (3) in optically active form. The key step involves the stereospecific formation of the alpha-carbalkoxy alkenyl sulfide moiety using a combination system of cerium(III) chloride heptahydrate and sodium iodide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Marcantoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
White JD, Choi Y. Catalyzed asymmetric diels-alder reaction of benzoquinone. Total synthesis of (-)-ibogamine. Org Lett 2000; 2:2373-6. [PMID: 10930287 DOI: 10.1021/ol0001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder addition of diene 2 with benzoquinone catalyzed by (S)-BINOL-TiCl(2) produced cycloadduct 5 in >65% yield and 87% ee. The cycloadduct was transformed into (-)-ibogamine in nine steps (10% overall yield from benzoquinone). A model for the transition state leading to 5 is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D White
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kiankarimi M, Lowe R, McCarthy JR, Whitten JP. Diphenyl 2-pyridylphosphine and di-tert-butylazodicarboxylate:Convenient reagents for the Mitsunobu reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
22
|
Rajappan V, Hosmane RS. Synthesis and guanase inhibition studies of a novel ring-expanded purine analogue containing a 5:7-fused, planar, aromatic heterocyclic ring system. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3649-52. [PMID: 9934488 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel planar, potentially aromatic, ring-expanded xanthine analogue (1), containing the 5:7-fused imidazo[4,5-e][1,4]diazepine ring system, along with guanase inhibition studies are reported. The compound was synthesized in six steps, starting from 1-benzyl-5-nitroimidazole-4-carboxylic acid (2), and was biochemically screened against rabbit liver guanase. Compound 1 is a moderate competitive inhibitor of the enzyme with a Ki of 2.27 +/- 0.66 x 10(-4) M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Rajappan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) 21250, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grandel R, Kazmaier U, Rominger F. Short Syntheses of Polyhydroxylated α-Alkylated Amino Acids. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo980205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Grandel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
| |
Collapse
|