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Wu C, Kakarla LN, Chandrasekaran CP, Zhang X, Mague JT, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Asymmetric by Design: Heteroleptic Coordination Compounds with Redox-Active Dithiolene and 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:173-183. [PMID: 38134365 PMCID: PMC10777400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(alkylthio)benzenes are redox-active organosulfur molecules that support oxidation to a stable radical cation. Their utility as ligands for the assembly of multimetal complexes with tailored functionality/property is unexamined. Here, 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene (tptbz, 1) is shown to bind PdCl2 at either one end, leaving the other open, or at both ends to form centrosymmetric [Cl2Pd(tptbz)PdCl2], 4. Ligand metathesis between Na2[(N≡C)2C2S2] (Na2mnt) and [Cl2M(tptbz)] (M = Pd, 2; M = Pt, 3) yields [(mnt)M(tptbz)] (M = Pd, 5; M = Pt, 6), but an alternative route involving transmetalation with [(mnt)SnMe2] delivers substantially greater yield. The mixed dithiolene-dithioether compound [(Ph2C2S2)Pt(tptbz)] (8) is formed by a similar transmetalation protocol using [(Ph2C2S2)SnnBu2]. Compounds 5, 6, and 8 are the first such heteroleptic complexes prepared by deliberate synthesis. The cyclic voltammetry of 8 reveals anodic waves at +0.14 and +0.97 V vs Fc+/Fc, which are attributed to successive dithiolene oxidation processes. While oxidized at +0.73 V as a free ligand, the redox-active MO of tptbz is pushed to a higher potential upon coordination to Pt2+ and is inaccessible. Calculations of the structures of [8]+ and of [((Cl2-3,5-C6H3)2C2S2)Pt(tptbz)]+ show that, in the latter, the dithiolene MOs are drawn down in energy into proximity with the tptbz MOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Lakshmi Nishanth Kakarla
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | | | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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Bartashevich E, Mukhitdinova S, Yushina I, Tsirelson V. Electronic criterion for categorizing the chalcogen and halogen bonds: sulfur–iodine interactions in crystals. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:117-126. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520618018280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Diversity of mutual orientations of Y–S and I–X and covalent bonds in molecular crystals complicate categorizing noncovalent chalcogen and halogen bonds. Here, the different types of S...I interactions with short interatomic distances are analysed. The selection of S...I interactions for the categorization of the chalcogen and halogen bonds has been made using angles that determine the mutual orientation of electron lone pairs and σ-holes interacted S and I atoms. In complicated cases of noncovalent interactions with `hole-to-hole' of S and I orientations, distinguishing the chalcogen and halogen bonds is only possible if the atom is uniquely determined, which also provides the electrophilic site. The electronic criterion for chalcogen/halogen bonds categorizing that is based on analysis of dispositions of electron density and electrostatic potential minima along the interatomic lines has been suggested and its effectiveness has been demonstrated.
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Chen X, Gao F, Yang W. Single-Crystal X-ray Structures of conductive π-Stacking Dimers of Tetrakis(alkylthio)benzene Radical Cations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29314. [PMID: 27403720 PMCID: PMC4941407 DOI: 10.1038/srep29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salts containing radical cations of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene (TPB) and 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(ethylthio) benzene (TEB) have been successfully synthesized with . These newly synthesized salts have been characterized by UV-Vis absorption, EPR spectroscopy, conductivity measurement, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as well as DFT calculation. This study raises the first crystal structure of conductive π-stacking radical cation with single phenyl ring and reveals their conductivity has relationship with the stack structure which affected by the substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- School of Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wuqin Yang
- School of Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, P. R. China
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Näther C, Bolte M. Investigations on the Interaction Between sp 2 -Sulfur Atoms and Iodine Molecules Using the Cambridge Structural Database. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500307934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bock H, Nagel N, Seibel A. Interactions in Molecular Crystals, 123. Crystallization and Structure of Donor–Acceptor Complexes between Rigid or Conformationally Flexible Thio-Crowns and Iodine. European J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719971018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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