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Wittsack HJ, Thiel TA, Valentin B, Stabinska J, Benkert T, Schimmöller L, Antoch G, Ljimani A. Presentation of microstructural diffusion components by color schemes in abdominal organs. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:2074-2080. [PMID: 38852176 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of a color scheme representation to facilitate the interpretation of tri-exponential DWI data from abdominal organs, where multi-exponential behavior is more pronounced. METHODS Multi-exponential analysis of DWI data provides information about the microstructure of the tissue under study. The tri-exponential signal analysis generates numerous parameter images that are difficult to analyze individually. Summarized color images can simplify at-a-glance analysis. A color scheme was developed in which the slow, intermediate, and fast diffusion components were each assigned to a different red, green, and blue color channel. To improve the appearance of the image, histogram equalization, gamma correction, and white balance were used, and the processing parameters were adjusted. Examples of the resulting color maps of the diffusion fractions of healthy and pathological kidney and prostate are shown. RESULTS The color maps obtained by the presented method show the merged information of the slow, intermediate, and fast diffusion components in a single view. A differentiation of the different fractions becomes clearly visible. Fast diffusion regimes, such as in the renal hilus, can be clearly distinguished from slow fractions, such as in dense tumor tissue. CONCLUSION Combining the diffusion information from tri-exponential DWI analysis into a single color image allows for simplified interpretation of the diffusion fractions. In the future, such color images may provide additional information about the microstructural nature of the tissue under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jörg Wittsack
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Andreas Thiel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Birte Valentin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Stabinska
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Benkert
- MR Applications Predevelopment, Siemens Healthineers AG, Forchheim, Germany
| | - Lars Schimmöller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Gerald Antoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ljimani
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Duesseldorf), Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Hayashi T, Kojima S, Ito T, Hayashi N, Kondo H, Yamamoto A, Oba H. Evaluation of deep learning reconstruction on diffusion-weighted imaging quality and apparent diffusion coefficient using an ice-water phantom. Radiol Phys Technol 2024; 17:186-194. [PMID: 38153622 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-023-00765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of deep learning reconstruction (DLR) on the quality of diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) using an ice-water phantom. An ice-water phantom with known diffusion properties (true ADC = 1.1 × 10-3 mm2/s at 0 °C) was imaged at various b-values (0, 1000, 2000, and 4000 s/mm2) using a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner with slice thicknesses of 1.5 and 3.0 mm. All DWIs were reconstructed with or without DLR. ADC maps were generated using combinations of b-values 0 and 1000, 0 and 2000, and 0 and 4000 s/mm2. Based on the quantitative imaging biomarker alliance profile, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNRs) in DWIs was calculated, and the accuracy, precision, and within-subject parameter variance (wCV) of the ADCs were evaluated. DLR improved the SNR in DWIs with b-values ranging from 0 to 2000s/mm2; however, its effectiveness was diminished at 4000 s/mm2. There was no noticeable difference in the ADCs of images generated with or without implementing DLR. For a slice thickness of 1.5 mm and combined b-values of 0 and 4000 s/mm2, the ADC values were 0.97 × 10-3and 0.98 × 10-3mm2/s with and without DLR, respectively, both being lower than the true ADC value. Furthermore, DLR enhanced the precision and wCV of the ADC measurements. DLR can enhance the SNR, repeatability, and precision of ADC measurements; however, it does not improve their accuracies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hayashi
- Graduate School of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Shinya Kojima
- Graduate School of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Toshimune Ito
- Graduate School of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Norio Hayashi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 323-1 Kamiokimachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0052, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondo
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Asako Yamamoto
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oba
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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Makino Y, Ohno N, Miyati T, Hori N, Matsuura Y, Kobayashi S, Gabata T. Tri- and bi-exponential diffusion analyses of the kidney: effect of respiratory-controlled acquisition on diffusion parameters. Radiol Phys Technol 2023; 16:478-487. [PMID: 37523080 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-023-00734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether respiratory-controlled acquisition influences diffusion parameters obtained with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis using tri-exponential and bi-exponential models. Ten healthy volunteers were examined on a 3.0 T MRI system to obtain coronal diffusion-weighted images of both kidneys. The participants were scanned twice using respiratory-triggering (RT) and free-breathing (FB) acquisition to assess the repeatability of the measurements. We determined mean signal intensities in the renal cortex at each b value. Then, perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (Dp), fast-free diffusion coefficient (Df), slow-restricted diffusion coefficient (Ds), and their corresponding fractions (Fp, Ff, and Fs, respectively) were calculated using tri-exponential function. Moreover, perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (D*), the fraction (F), and perfusion-independent diffusion coefficient (D) were calculated using bi-exponential function. Normalized root-mean-square errors for the tri- and bi-exponential analyses (nRMSEtri and nRMSEbi, respectively) were determined to assess the deviation of the fitted to measured data, i.e., the fitting accuracy. Additionally, repeatability coefficients (RCs) were calculated from Bland-Altman plots to evaluate the repeatability of each diffusion parameter. These values were compared between the RT and FB groups. Dp and D* in the RT group were significantly lower than those in the FB group (P < 0.05). In addition, the RT group showed significantly lower nRMSEtri and nRMSEbi values than those in the FB group (P < 0.05). Moreover, Dp, Ds, Fs, and D* at RT showed lower RC values than those at FB. Respiratory-controlled acquisition affects perfusion-related diffusion parameters of the kidney obtained using tri-exponential and bi-exponential analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Makino
- Radiology Division, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 9200942, Japan.
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Naoki Hori
- Radiology Division, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Matsuura
- Radiology Division, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Radiology Division, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 9200942, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
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Cao M, Wang X, Liu F, Xue K, Dai Y, Zhou Y. A three-component multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging might be a useful biomarker for detecting microstructural features in gliomas with differences in malignancy and IDH-1 mutation status. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:2871-2880. [PMID: 36346441 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to explore the performance of a three-component diffusion model in evaluating the degree of malignancy and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH-1) gene type of gliomas. METHODS Overall, 60 patients with gliomas were enrolled. The intermediate and perfusion-related diffusion coefficients (Dint and Dp) and fractions of strictly limited, intermediate, and perfusion-related diffusion (Fvery-slow, Fint, and Fp) were obtained with a three-component diffusion model. Parameters were also obtained from a diffusion kurtosis model and mono- and biexponential models. All parameters were compared between different tumor grades and IDH-1 gene types. Diagnostic performance and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS High-grade gliomas (HGGs) had significantly higher Fint, Fvery-slow, and Dp values but significantly lower Fp and Dint values than low-grade gliomas (LGGs), and Fint and Fp differed significantly among grade II, III, and IV gliomas (p < 0.05 for all). Fint achieved the highest AUC of 0.872 in differentiating between LGGs and HGGs. Logistic regression analysis revealed that in each model, Fint, diffusion coefficient (D), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), and mean kurtosis (MK) were associated with glioma grading. After multiple regression analysis, Fint remained the only differentiator. Additionally, Fint and Fp showed significant differences between IDH-1 mutated and IDH-1 wild-type gliomas (p = 0.007 and 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The three-component DWI model served as a useful biomarker for detecting microstructural features in gliomas with different grades and IDH-1 mutation statuses. KEY POINTS • The three-component model enables the estimation of an intermediate diffusion component. • The three-component model performed better than the other models in glioma grading and genotyping. • Fint was useful in evaluating the grade and genotype of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Cao
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Rd., Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Rd., Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Rd., Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ke Xue
- MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongming Dai
- MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160, Pujian Rd., Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Simchick G, Hernando D. Precision of region of interest-based tri-exponential intravoxel incoherent motion quantification and the role of the Intervoxel spatial distribution of flow velocities. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:2662-2678. [PMID: 35968580 PMCID: PMC9529845 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to obtain precise tri-exponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) quantification in the liver using 2D (b-value and first-order motion moment [M1 ]) IVIM-DWI acquisitions and region of interest (ROI)-based fitting techniques. METHODS Diffusion MRI of the liver was performed in 10 healthy volunteers using three IVIM-DWI acquisitions: conventional monopolar, optimized monopolar, and optimized 2D (b-M1 ). For each acquisition, bi-exponential and tri-exponential full, segmented, and over-segmented ROI-based fitting and a newly proposed blood velocity SDdistribution (BVD) fitting technique were performed to obtain IVIM estimates in the right and left liver lobes. Fitting quality was evaluated using corrected Akaike information criterion. Precision metrics (test-retest repeatability, inter-reader reproducibility, and inter-lobar agreement) were evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis, repeatability/reproducibility coefficients (RPCs), and paired sample t-tests. Precision was compared across acquisitions and fitting methods. RESULTS High repeatability and reproducibility was observed in the estimations of the diffusion coefficient (Dtri = [1.03 ± 0.11] × 10-3 mm2 /s; RPCs ≤ 1.34 × 10-4 mm2 /s), perfusion fractions (F1 = 3.19 ± 1.89% and F2 = 16.4 ± 2.07%; RPCs ≤ 2.51%), and blood velocity SDs (Vb,1 = 1.44 ± 0.14 mm/s and Vb,2 = 3.62 ± 0.13 mm/s; RPCs ≤ 0.41 mm/s) in the right liver lobe using the 2D (b-M1 ) acquisition in conjunction with BVD fitting. Using these methods, significantly larger (p < 0.01) estimates of Dtri and F1 were observed in the left lobe in comparison to the right lobe, while estimates of Vb,1 and Vb,2 demonstrated high interlobar agreement (RPCs ≤ 0.45 mm/s). CONCLUSIONS The 2D (b-M1 ) IVIM-DWI data acquisition in conjunction with BVD fitting enables highly precise tri-exponential IVIM quantification in the right liver lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Simchick
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Diego Hernando
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Tani K, Mio M, Toyofuku T, Maeda T, Inoue T, Nakamura H. [Feasibility of Cerebrovascular Reserve Assessment Using Stretched Exponential Model in Major Cerebral Artery Steno-occlusive Disease: Comparison with SPECT]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2022; 78:819-828. [PMID: 35753804 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2022-1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To clarify whether diffusion-weighted imaging using stretched exponential model can assess cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) in patients with major cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease, we compared stretched exponential parameters and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). METHODS Twenty-nine patients with unilateral major cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease (25 men and 4 women; age, 69±11 years) were analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into three groups: normal CVR (CVR≥30%), moderate CVR (10%≤CVR<30%), and severe CVR (CVR<10%). The distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) and heterogeneity index (α) from the stretched exponential model, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from the monoexponential model, and CVR and resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) from SPECT were measured in the bilateral middle cerebral artery territories, and ipsilateral-to-contralateral ratios (rDDC, rα, rADC, and rCBF) were obtained. RESULTS The rDDC values in severe CVR were significantly higher than those in normal CVR (P=0.003). The rDDC values were significantly negatively correlated with ipsilateral CVR (rho=-0.31, P=0.009). The rDDC values were not significantly correlated with rCBF (P=0.34). CONCLUSION We have shown that elevated rDDC values are associated with impaired CVR. Our results suggest that diffusion-weighted imaging using stretched exponential model has a potential to evaluate hemodynamic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tani
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
| | - Motohira Mio
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
| | - Tatsuo Toyofuku
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
| | - Toshihiro Maeda
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
| | - Toshiro Inoue
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
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Simchick G, Geng R, Zhang Y, Hernando D. b value and first-order motion moment optimized data acquisition for repeatable quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion DWI. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2724-2740. [PMID: 35092092 PMCID: PMC9275352 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design a b value and first-order motion moment (M1 ) optimized data acquisition for repeatable intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) quantification in the liver. METHODS Cramer-Rao lower bound optimization was performed to determine optimal monopolar and optimal 2D samplings of the b-M1 space based on noise performance. Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the bias and variability in estimates obtained using the proposed optimal samplings and conventional monopolar sampling. Diffusion MRI of the liver was performed in 10 volunteers using 3 IVIM acquisitions: conventional monopolar, optimized monopolar, and b-M1 -optimized gradient waveforms (designed based on the optimal 2D sampling). IVIM parameter maps of diffusion coefficient, perfusion fraction, and blood velocity SD were obtained using nonlinear least squares fitting. Noise performance (SDs), stability (outlier percentage), and test-retest or scan-rescan repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficients) were evaluated and compared across acquisitions. RESULTS Cramer-Rao lower bound and Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated improved noise performance of the optimal 2D sampling in comparison to monopolar samplings. Evaluating the designed b-M1 -optimized waveforms in healthy volunteers, significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the SDs and outlier percentages were observed for measurements of diffusion coefficient, perfusion fraction, and blood velocity SD in comparison to measurements obtained using monopolar samplings. Good-to-excellent repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.77) was observed for all 3 parameters in both the right and left liver lobes using the b-M1 -optimized waveforms. CONCLUSIONS 2D b-M1 -optimized data acquisition enables repeatable IVIM quantification with improved noise performance. 2D acquisitions may advance the establishment of IVIM quantitative biomarkers for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Simchick
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ruiqi Geng
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Diego Hernando
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Ohno M, Ohno N, Miyati T, Kawashima H, Kozaka K, Matsuura Y, Gabata T, Kobayashi S. Triexponential Diffusion Analysis of Diffusion-weighted Imaging for Breast Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. Magn Reson Med Sci 2021; 20:396-403. [PMID: 33563872 PMCID: PMC8922350 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.mp.2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To obtain detailed information in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) using triexponential diffusion analysis. Methods Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) of the breast were obtained using single-shot diffusion echo-planar imaging with 15 b-values. Mean signal intensities at each b-value were measured in the DCIS and IDC lesions and fitted with the triexponential function based on a two-step approach: slow-restricted diffusion coefficient (Ds) was initially determined using a monoexponential function with b-values > 800 s/mm2. The diffusion coefficient of free water at 37°C was assigned to the fast-free diffusion coefficient (Df). Finally, the perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (Dp) was derived using all the b-values. Furthermore, biexponential analysis was performed to obtain the perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (D*) and the perfusion-independent diffusion coefficient (D). Monoexponential analysis was performed to obtain the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The sensitivity and specificity of the aforementioned diffusion coefficients for distinguishing between DCIS and IDC were evaluated using the pathological results. Results The Ds, D, and ADC of DCIS were significantly higher than those of IDC (P < 0.01 for all). There was no significant correlation between Dp and Ds, but there was a weak correlation between D* and D. The combination of Dp and Ds showed higher sensitivity and specificity (85.9% and 71.4%, respectively), compared to the combination of D* and D (81.5% and 33.3%, respectively). Conclusion Triexponential analysis can provide detailed diffusion information for breast tumors that can be used to differentiate between DCIS and IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Ohno
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Hiroko Kawashima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University.,Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | - Kazuto Kozaka
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital
| | | | | | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University.,Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital
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Wang DJJ, Le Bihan D, Krishnamurthy R, Smith M, Ho ML. Noncontrast Pediatric Brain Perfusion: Arterial Spin Labeling and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2021; 29:493-513. [PMID: 34717841 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging techniques for measuring brain perfusion include arterial spin labeling (ASL) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM). These techniques provide noninvasive and repeatable assessment of cerebral blood flow or cerebral blood volume without the need for intravenous contrast. This article discusses the technical aspects of ASL and IVIM with a focus on normal physiologic variations, technical parameters, and artifacts. Multiple pediatric clinical applications are presented, including tumors, stroke, vasculopathy, vascular malformations, epilepsy, migraine, trauma, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny J J Wang
- USC Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, SHN, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Health Sciences Campus, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Denis Le Bihan
- NeuroSpin, Centre d'études de Saclay, Bâtiment 145, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Ram Krishnamurthy
- Department of Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive - ED4, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Mark Smith
- Department of Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive - ED4, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Mai-Lan Ho
- Department of Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive - ED4, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
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Caan MWA, Nederveen AJ. Editorial for "Quantification of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Using Diffusion Imaging With Phase-Contrast". J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1687-1688. [PMID: 34160119 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthan W A Caan
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Ohno N, Miyati T, Sugita F, Nanbu G, Makino Y, Alperin N, Gabata T, Kobayashi S. Quantification of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Using Diffusion Imaging With Phase Contrast. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1678-1686. [PMID: 34021663 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perfusion-related diffusion coefficient obtained from triexponential diffusion analysis is closely correlated with regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), as assessed by arterial spin labeling (ASL) methods. However, this provides only a semiquantitative measure of rCBF, thereby making absolute rCBF quantification challenging. PURPOSE To obtain rCBF in a noninvasive manner using a novel diffusion imaging method with phase contrast (DPC), in which the total CBF from phase-contrast (PC) MRI was utilized to convert perfusion-related diffusion coefficients to rCBF values. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Eleven healthy volunteers (nine men and two women; mean age, 23.9 years) participated in this study. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T, single-shot diffusion echo-planar imaging with multiple b-values (0-3000 s/mm2 ), PC-MRI, pulsed continuous ASL, and 3D T1 -weighted fast field echo. ASSESSMENT rCBF and its correlations in the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) were compared between DPC and ASL methods. rCBF in the GM and WM and the GM/WM ratio were compared with the literature values obtained using [15 O]-water positron emission tomography (15 O-H2 O PET). STATISTICAL TESTS Spearman's correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS A significant positive correlation between DPC and ASL in terms of rCBF was observed in GM (R = 0.9), whereas the correlation between the two methods was poor in WM (R = 0.09). The rCBF in GM and WM and the GM/WM ratio obtained using DPC were consistent with the literature values assessed using 15 O-H2 O PET. The rCBF value obtained using DPC was significantly higher in the GM and WM than that using ASL. DATA CONCLUSION DPC enabled noninvasive quantification of rCBF. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Fumiki Sugita
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Genki Nanbu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Makino
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noam Alperin
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
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12
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Jang M, Jin S, Kang M, Han S, Cho H. Pattern recognition analysis of directional intravoxel incoherent motion MRI in ischemic rodent brains. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4268. [PMID: 32067300 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate a reliable automatic segmentation method for independently separating reduced diffusion and decreased perfusion areas in ischemic stroke brains using constrained nonnegative matrix factorization (cNMF) pattern recognition in directional intravoxel incoherent motion MRI (IVIM-MRI). First, the feasibility of cNMF-based segmentation of IVIM signals was investigated in both simulations and in vivo experiments. The cNMF analysis was independently performed for S0 -normalized and scaled (by the difference between the maximum and minimum) IVIM signals, respectively. Segmentations of reduced diffusion (from S0 -normalized IVIM signals) and decreased perfusion (from scaled IVIM signals) areas were performed using the corresponding cNMF pattern weight maps. Second, Monte Carlo simulations were performed for directional IVIM signals to investigate the relationship between the degree of vessel alignment and the direction of the diffusion gradient. Third, directional IVIM-MRI experiments (x, y and z diffusion-gradient directions, 20 b values at 7 T) were performed for normal (n = 4), sacrificed (n = 1, no flow) and ischemic stroke models (n = 4, locally reduced flow). The results showed that automatic segmentation of the hypoperfused lesion using cNMF analysis was more accurate than segmentation using the conventional double-exponential fitting. Consistent with the simulation, the double-exponential pattern of the IVIM signals was particularly strong in white matter and ventricle regions when the directional flows were aligned with the applied diffusion-gradient directions. cNMF analysis of directional IVIM signals allowed robust automated segmentation of white matter, ventricle, vascular and hypoperfused regions in the ischemic brain. In conclusion, directional IVIM signals were simultaneously sensitive to diffusion and aligned flow and were particularly useful for automatically segmenting ischemic lesions via cNMF-based pattern recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinJung Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Seokha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - MungSoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - SoHyun Han
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea
| | - HyungJoon Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
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13
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Metcalfe-Smith E, Meeus EM, Novak J, Dehghani H, Peet AC, Zarinabad N. Auto-Regressive Discrete Acquisition Points Transformation for Diffusion Weighted MRI Data. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:2617-2628. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2893523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Yu Z, Zhu H, Wu X, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Li J, Ye Q. Acute renal impairment characterization using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging: Validation by histology. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4126. [PMID: 31290588 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging has been demonstrated to be a simple, noninvasive and accurate method for the detection of renal microstructure and microcirculation, which are closely linked to renal function. Moreover, serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) was also reported as a good indicator of early renal injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and capability of diffusion MRI and ET-1 to detect acute kidney injury by an operation simulating high-pressure renal pelvic perfusion, which is commonly used during ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Histological findings were used as a reference. Fourteen New Zealand rabbits in an experimental group and 14 in a control group were used in this study. Diffusion tensor imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging were acquired by a 3.0 T MRI scanner. Significant corticomedullary differences were found in the values of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure tissue diffusion, volume fraction of pseudo-diffusion (fp) and fractional anisotropy (FA) (P < 0.05 for all) in both preoperation and postoperation experimental groups. Compared with the control group, the values of cortical fpmean , medullary ADCmean and FAmean decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after the operation in the experimental group. Also, the change rate of medullary ADCmean in the experimental group was more pronounced than that in the control group (P = 0.018). No significant change was found in serum ET-1 concentration after surgery in either the experimental (P = 0.80) or control (P = 0.17) groups. In the experimental group, histological changes were observed in the medulla, while no visible change was found in the cortex. This study demonstrated the feasibility of diffusion MRI to detect the changes of renal microstructure and microcirculation in acute kidney injury, with the potential to evaluate renal function. Moreover, the sensitivity of diffusion MRI to acute kidney injury appears to be superior to that of serum ET-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiuling Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiance Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Rydhög A, Pasternak O, Ståhlberg F, Ahlgren A, Knutsson L, Wirestam R. Estimation of diffusion, perfusion and fractional volumes using a multi-compartment relaxation-compensated intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) signal model. Eur J Radiol Open 2019; 6:198-205. [PMID: 31193664 PMCID: PMC6538803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmental diffusion MRI models that account for intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) of blood perfusion allow for estimation of the fractional volume of the microvascular compartment. Conventional IVIM models are known to be biased by not accounting for partial volume effects caused by free water and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or for tissue-dependent relaxation effects. In this work, a three-compartment model (tissue, free water and blood) that includes relaxation terms is introduced. To estimate the model parameters, in vivo human data were collected with multiple echo times (TE), inversion times (TI) and b-values, which allowed a direct relaxation estimate alongside estimation of perfusion, diffusion and fractional volume parameters. Compared to conventional two-compartment models (with and without relaxation compensation), the three-compartment model showed less effects of CSF contamination. The proposed model yielded significantly different volume fractions of blood and tissue compared to the non-relaxation-compensated model, as well as to the conventional two-compartment model, suggesting that previously reported parameter ranges, using models that do not account for relaxation, should be reconsidered.
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Key Words
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
- Diffusion
- GM, grey matter
- IR, inversion recovery
- IVIM, intravoxel incoherent motion
- Intravoxel incoherent motion
- PVE, partial volume effect
- Perfusion fraction
- Pseudo-diffusion
- ROI, region of interest
- Relaxation
- SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
- T1, longitudinal relaxation time
- T2, transverse relaxation time
- TE, echo time
- TI, inversion time
- TR, repetition time
- WM, white matter
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rydhög
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Freddy Ståhlberg
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - André Ahlgren
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronnie Wirestam
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Riexinger AJ, Martin J, Rauh S, Wetscherek A, Pistel M, Kuder TA, Nagel AM, Uder M, Hensel B, Müller L, Laun FB. On the Field Strength Dependence of Bi- and Triexponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Parameters in the Liver. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:1883-1892. [PMID: 30941806 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging are carried out with different acquisition protocols. PURPOSE To investigate the dependence of IVIM parameters on the B0 field strength when using a bi- or triexponential model. STUDY TYPE Prospective. STUDY POPULATION 20 healthy volunteers (age: 19-28 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Volunteers were examined at two field strengths (1.5 and 3T). Diffusion-weighted images of the abdomen were acquired at 24 b-values ranging from 0.2 to 500 s/mm2 . ASSESSMENT ROIs were manually drawn in the liver. Data were fitted with a bi- and a triexponential IVIM model. The resulting parameters were compared between both field strengths. STATISTICAL TESTS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to test the obtained IVIM parameters for a significant field strength dependency. RESULTS At b-values below 6 s/mm2 , the triexponential model provided better agreement with the data than the biexponential model. The average tissue diffusivity was D = 1.22/1.00 μm2 /msec at 1.5/3T. The average pseudodiffusion coefficients for the biexponential model were D* = 308/260 μm2 /msec at 1.5/3T; and for the triexponential model D 1 * = 81.3/65.9 μm2 /msec, D 2 * = 2453/2333 μm2 /msec at 1.5/3T. The average perfusion fractions for the biexponential model were f = 0.286/0.303 at 1.5/3T; and for the triexponential model f1 = 0.161/0.174 and f2 = 0.152/0.159 at 1.5/3T. A significant B0 dependence was only found for the biexponential pseudodiffusion coefficient (ANOVA/KW P = 0.037/0.0453) and tissue diffusivity (ANOVA/KW: P < 0.001). DATA CONCLUSION Our experimental results suggest that triexponential pseudodiffusion coefficients and perfusion fractions obtained at different field strengths could be compared across different studies using different B0 . However, it is recommended to take the field strength into account when comparing tissue diffusivities or using the biexponential IVIM model. Considering published values for oxygenation-dependent transversal relaxation times of blood, it is unlikely that the two blood compartments of the triexponential model represent venous and arterial blood. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1883-1892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Julian Riexinger
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Martin
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Rauh
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Wetscherek
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mona Pistel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tristan Anselm Kuder
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin Michael Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hensel
- Center for Medical Physics and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars Müller
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Frederik Bernd Laun
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Takahashi M, Hashimoto M, Uehara M. [Preparation of a Small Acute-phase Cerebral Infarction Phantom for Diffusion-weighted Imaging]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2019; 74:531-538. [PMID: 29925747 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_jsrt_74.6.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to prepare a small acute-phase cerebral infarction phantom made of gelatin and sucrose to simulate brain parenchymal cells, and a phantom made of collagen peptides and sucrose to simulate cerebral infarction for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). During the preparation of gelatin and sucrose mixture (17.0 wt% gelatin, 20.0 wt% sucrose), a cylindrical wooden bar was placed in the center of the phantom and covered with a heat-shrinkable film to ensure space remained after gelling. A mixed solution composed of collagen peptide and sucrose (16.0 wt% collagen peptide, 27.5 wt% sucrose) was then enclosed within the space. The T2 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the phantom were set equal to those observed in actual patients with acute-phase cerebral infarction. The mixture was selected based on the signal intensity of both the healthy brain tissue and that subjected to acute cerebral infarction, such that no contrast was observed during T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). T2WI and DWI were performed using a 1.5 T scanner. Although contrast between the mixed gel and mixed solution was obscure on T2WI, cerebral infarction was clearly visible on DWI. However, the phantom exhibited mono-exponential changes in the ADC value at b values of 0 and 1,000 (s/mm2), and was affected by the proton density and T1 value depending on the imaging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masumi Uehara
- Graduate School of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Science
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18
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Takatsuji-Nagaso M, Miyati T, Ohno N, Mase M, Kasai H, Shibamoto Y, Kobayashi S, Gabata T, Kitagawa K. Hemodynamically self-corrected ΔADC analysis in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Br J Radiol 2019; 92:20180553. [PMID: 30760003 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the cause of higher water fluctuation of the brain in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), we assessed change in hemodynamic-independent apparent diffusion coefficient during the cardiac cycle (ΔADC) in iNPH. METHODS Electrocardiographically synchronized single-shot diffusion echo-planer imaging (b = 0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2) was performed in healthy volunteers, atrophic ventricular dilation group, and iNPH group, respectively. The ΔADC (b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2) and maximum ADC (b = 0 and 500 s/mm2) in the cardiac cycles were measured at the frontal white matter in the brain. Then, self-corrected ΔADC was obtained from the ΔADC divided by the maximum ADC (ADCpeak: perfusion-related diffusion) to correct the blood flow effect. RESULTS The ΔADC after correction was significantly higher in the iNPH group than in the other two groups. However, there was no significant difference in ADCpeak values among the groups. CONCLUSION Self-corrected ΔADC in iNPH increased because of changes in the biomechanical properties of the brain. Self-corrected ΔADC analysis makes it possible to obtain information on hemodynamically independent water fluctuation as well as perfusion in iNPH. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Analysis self-corrected ΔADC provides simultaneously information on biomechanical properties, perfusion, and water fluctuation in iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- 2 Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa, Ishikawa , Japan
| | - Naoki Ohno
- 2 Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa, Ishikawa , Japan
| | - Mitsuhito Mase
- 3 Department of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University , Nagoya, Aich , Japan
| | - Harumasa Kasai
- 3 Department of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University , Nagoya, Aich , Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- 3 Department of Neurosurgery and Restorative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University , Nagoya, Aich , Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- 2 Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kanazawa, Ishikawa , Japan.,4 Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital , Kanazawa, Ishikawa , Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- 4 Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital , Kanazawa, Ishikawa , Japan
| | - Kiyohide Kitagawa
- 1 Department of Radiology, Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital , Takaoka, Toyama , Japan
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19
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De Luca A, Leemans A, Bertoldo A, Arrigoni F, Froeling M. A robust deconvolution method to disentangle multiple water pools in diffusion MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3965. [PMID: 30052293 PMCID: PMC6221109 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) signal measured in vivo arises from multiple diffusion domains, including hindered and restricted water pools, free water and blood pseudo-diffusion. Not accounting for the correct number of components can bias metrics obtained from model fitting because of partial volume effects that are present in, for instance, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Approaches that aim to overcome this shortcoming generally make assumptions about the number of considered components, which are not likely to hold for all voxels. The spectral analysis of the dMRI signal has been proposed to relax assumptions on the number of components. However, it currently requires a clinically challenging signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and accounts only for two diffusion processes defined by hard thresholds. In this work, we developed a method to automatically identify the number of components in the spectral analysis, and enforced its robustness to noise, including outlier rejection and a data-driven regularization term. Furthermore, we showed how this method can be used to take into account partial volume effects in DTI and DKI fitting. The proof of concept and performance of the method were evaluated through numerical simulations and in vivo MRI data acquired at 3 T. With simulations our method reliably decomposed three diffusion components from SNR = 30. Biases in metrics derived from DTI and DKI were considerably reduced when components beyond hindered diffusion were taken into account. With the in vivo data our method determined three macro-compartments, which were consistent with hindered diffusion, free water and pseudo-diffusion. Taking free water and pseudo-diffusion into account in DKI resulted in lower mean diffusivity and higher fractional anisotropy values in both gray and white matter. In conclusion, the proposed method allows one to determine co-existing diffusion compartments without prior assumptions on their number, and to account for undesired signal contaminations within clinically achievable SNR levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto De Luca
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences InstituteUMC Utrecht and Utrecht Universitythe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Leemans
- PROVIDI Lab, Image Sciences InstituteUMC Utrecht and Utrecht Universitythe Netherlands
| | | | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Neuroimaging LabScientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio MedeaBosisio PariniItaly
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Radiology DepartmentUMC Utrecht and Utrecht Universitythe Netherlands
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Trinh L, Lind E, Peterson P, Svensson J, Olsson LE, Månsson S. High-Resolution MR Imaging of Muscular Fat Fraction-Comparison of Three T 2-Based Methods and Chemical Shift-Encoded Imaging. Tomography 2018; 3:153-162. [PMID: 30042979 PMCID: PMC6024436 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2017.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical shift-encoded imaging (CSEI) is the most common magnetic resonance imaging fat–water separation method. However, when high spatial resolution fat fraction (FF) images are desired, CSEI might be challenging owing to the increased interecho spacing. Here, 3 T2-based methods have been assessed as alternative methods for obtaining high-resolution FF images. Images from the calf of 10 healthy volunteers were acquired; FF maps were then estimated using 3 T2-based methods (2- and 3-parameter nonlinear least squares fit and a Bayesian probability method) and CSEI for reference. In addition, simulations were conducted to characterize the performance of various methods. Here, all T2-based methods resulted in qualitatively improved high-resolution FF images compared with high-resolution CSEI. The 2-parameter fit showed best quantitative agreement to low-resolution CSEI, even at low FF. The estimated T2-values of fat and water, and the estimated muscle FF of the calf, agreed well with previously published data. In conclusion, T2-based methods can provide improved high-resolution FF images of the calf compared with the CSEI method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Trinh
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emelie Lind
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Peterson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Svensson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars E Olsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sven Månsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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21
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Zeng Q, Shi F, Zhang J, Ling C, Dong F, Jiang B. A Modified Tri-Exponential Model for Multi- b-value Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: A Method to Detect the Strictly Diffusion-Limited Compartment in Brain. Front Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29535599 PMCID: PMC5834430 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To present a new modified tri-exponential model for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect the strictly diffusion-limited compartment, and to compare it with the conventional bi- and tri-exponential models. Methods: Multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with 17 b-values up to 8,000 s/mm2 were performed on six volunteers. The corrected Akaike information criterions (AICc) and squared predicted errors (SPE) were calculated to compare these three models. Results: The mean f0 values were ranging 11.9–18.7% in white matter ROIs and 1.2–2.7% in gray matter ROIs. In all white matter ROIs: the AICcs of the modified tri-exponential model were the lowest (p < 0.05 for five ROIs), indicating the new model has the best fit among these models; the SPEs of the bi-exponential model were the highest (p < 0.05), suggesting the bi-exponential model is unable to predict the signal intensity at ultra-high b-value. The mean ADCvery−slow values were extremely low in white matter (1–7 × 10−6 mm2/s), but not in gray matter (251–445 × 10−6 mm2/s), indicating that the conventional tri-exponential model fails to represent a special compartment. Conclusions: The strictly diffusion-limited compartment may be an important component in white matter. The new model fits better than the other two models, and may provide additional information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feina Shi
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenhan Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Dong
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Kawashima H, Miyati T, Ohno N, Ohno M, Inokuchi M, Ikeda H, Gabata T. Differentiation Between Luminal-A and Luminal-B Breast Cancer Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Acad Radiol 2017; 24:1575-1581. [PMID: 28778511 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can differentiate luminal-B from luminal-A breast cancer MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biexponential analyses of IVIM and DCE MRI were performed using a 3.0-T MRI scanner, involving 134 patients with 137 pathologically confirmed luminal-type invasive breast cancers. Luminal-type breast cancer was categorized as luminal-B breast cancer (LBBC, Ki-67 ≧ 14%) or luminal-A breast cancer (LABC, Ki-67 < 14%). Quantitative parameters from IVIM (pure diffusion coefficient [D], perfusion-related diffusion coefficient [D*], and fraction [f]) and DCE MRI (initial percentage of enhancement and signal enhancement ratio [SER]) were calculated. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was also calculated using monoexponential fitting. We correlated these data with the Ki-67 status. RESULTS The D and ADC values of LBBC were significantly lower than those of LABC (P = 0.028, P = 0.037). The SER of LBBC was significantly higher than that of LABC (P = 0.004). A univariate analysis showed that a significantly lower D (<0.847 x 10-3 mm2/s), lower ADC (<0.960 × 10-3 mm2/s), and higher SER (>1.071) values were associated with LBBC (all P values <0.01), compared to LABC. In a multivariate analysis, a higher SER (>1.071; odds ratio: 3.0099, 95% confidence interval: 1.4246-6.3593; P = 0.003) value and a lower D (<0.847 × 10-3 mm2/s; odds ratio: 2.6878, 95% confidence interval: 1.0445-6.9162; P = 0.040) value were significantly associated with LBBC, compared to LABC. CONCLUSION The SER derived from DCE MRI and the D derived from IVIM are associated independently with the Ki-67 status in patients with luminal-type breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kawashima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan; Department of Breast Oncology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Masako Ohno
- Radiology Division, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inokuchi
- Department of Breast Oncology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Division of Pathology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
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23
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Meeus EM, Novak J, Dehghani H, Peet AC. Rapid measurement of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) derived perfusion fraction for clinical magnetic resonance imaging. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 31:269-283. [PMID: 29075909 PMCID: PMC5871652 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the reliability of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model derived parameters D and f and their dependence on b value distributions with a rapid three b value acquisition protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diffusion models for brain, kidney, and liver were assessed for bias, error, and reproducibility for the estimated IVIM parameters using b values 0 and 1000, and a b value between 200 and 900, at signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) 40, 55, and 80. Relative errors were used to estimate optimal b value distributions for each tissue scenario. Sixteen volunteers underwent brain DW-MRI, for which bias and coefficient of variation were determined in the grey matter. RESULTS Bias had a large influence in the estimation of D and f for the low-perfused brain model, particularly at lower b values, with the same trends being confirmed by in vivo imaging. Significant differences were demonstrated in vivo for estimation of D (P = 0.029) and f (P < 0.001) with [300,1000] and [500,1000] distributions. The effect of bias was considerably lower for the high-perfused models. The optimal b value distributions were estimated to be brain500,1000, kidney300,1000, and liver200,1000. CONCLUSION IVIM parameters can be estimated using a rapid DW-MRI protocol, where the optimal b value distribution depends on tissue characteristics and compromise between bias and variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Meeus
- Physical Sciences of Imaging in Biomedical Sciences (PSIBS) Doctoral Training Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Department of Oncology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
| | - Jan Novak
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Department of Oncology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- Physical Sciences of Imaging in Biomedical Sciences (PSIBS) Doctoral Training Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew C Peet
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. .,Department of Oncology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK.
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24
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Kuai ZX, Liu WY, Zhu YM. Effect of multiple perfusion components on pseudo-diffusion coefficient in intravoxel incoherent motion imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 62:8197-8209. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa8d0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Rydhög AS, Szczepankiewicz F, Wirestam R, Ahlgren A, Westin CF, Knutsson L, Pasternak O. Separating blood and water: Perfusion and free water elimination from diffusion MRI in the human brain. Neuroimage 2017; 156:423-434. [PMID: 28412443 PMCID: PMC5548601 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the free water fraction in the brain provides important information about extracellular processes such as atrophy and neuroinflammation in various clinical conditions as well as in normal development and aging. Free water estimates from diffusion MRI are assumed to account for freely diffusing water molecules in the extracellular space, but may be biased by other pools of molecules in rapid random motion, such as the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) of blood, where water molecules perfuse in the randomly oriented capillary network. The goal of this work was to separate the signal contribution of the perfusing blood from that of free-water and of other brain diffusivities. The influence of the vascular compartment on the estimation of the free water fraction and other diffusivities was investigated by simulating perfusion in diffusion MRI data. The perfusion effect in the simulations was significant, especially for the estimation of the free water fraction, and was maintained as long as low b-value data were included in the analysis. Two approaches to reduce the perfusion effect were explored in this study: (i) increasing the minimal b-value used in the fitting, and (ii) using a three-compartment model that explicitly accounts for water molecules in the capillary blood. Estimation of the model parameters while excluding low b-values reduced the perfusion effect but was highly sensitive to noise. The three-compartment model fit was more stable and additionally, provided an estimation of the volume fraction of the capillary blood compartment. The three-compartment model thus disentangles the effects of free water diffusion and perfusion, which is of major clinical importance since changes in these components in the brain may indicate different pathologies, i.e., those originating from the extracellular space, such as neuroinflammation and atrophy, and those related to the vascular space, such as vasodilation, vasoconstriction and capillary density. Diffusion MRI data acquired from a healthy volunteer, using multiple b-shells, demonstrated an expected non-zero contribution from the blood fraction, and indicated that not accounting for the perfusion effect may explain the overestimation of the free water fraction evinced in previous studies. Finally, the applicability of the method was demonstrated with a dataset acquired using a clinically feasible protocol with shorter acquisition time and fewer b-shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Rydhög
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Filip Szczepankiewicz
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Ronnie Wirestam
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - André Ahlgren
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Carl-Fredrik Westin
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolf Street, Park 311, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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26
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Ohno N, Miyati T, Kobayashi S, Gabata T. Reply to: On the perils of multiexponential fitting of diffusion MR data. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 45:1548. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawa Japan
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawa Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawa Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of RadiologyKanazawa University HospitalKanazawa Japan
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27
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Ohno N, Miyati T, Chigusa T, Usui H, Ishida S, Hiramatsu Y, Kobayashi S, Gabata T, Alperin N. Technical Note: Development of a cranial phantom for assessing perfusion, diffusion, and biomechanics. Med Phys 2017; 44:1646-1654. [PMID: 28241107 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel cranial phantom was developed to simulate the relationships among factors such as blood perfusion, water diffusion, and biomechanics in intracranial tissue. METHODS The cranial phantom consisted of a high-density polypropylene filter (mimicking brain parenchyma) with intra- and extrafilter spaces (mimicking cerebral artery and vein, respectively), and a capacitor space (mimicking the cerebrospinal fluid space). Pulsatile and steady flow with different flow rates were applied to the cranial phantom using a programmable pump. On 3.0-T MRI, the measurements of the internal pressure in the phantom, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with monoexponential analysis in the filter, and total simulated cerebral blood flow (tSCBF) into the phantom were synchronized with the pulsatile flow. We obtained their maximum changes during the pulsation period (ΔP, ΔADC, and ΔtSCBF, respectively). Then, the compliance index (CI) was calculated by dividing the volume change (ΔV) by the ΔP in the phantom. Moreover, the same measurements were repeated after the compliance of the phantom was reduced by increasing the water volume in the capacitor space. Under steady flow conditions, we determined the regional SCBF (rSCBF) and perfusion-related and restricted diffusion coefficients (D* and D, respectively) with biexponential analysis in the filter. RESULTS The internal pressure, ADC, and tSCBF varied over the pulsation period depending on the input flow. Moreover, the ΔP, ΔADC, ΔtSCBF, and rSCBF increased with the input flow rate. Compared to the high compliance condition, in the low compliance condition, the ΔP and ΔADC were higher by factors of 2.5 and 1.3, respectively, and the CI was smaller by a factor of 2.7, whereas the ΔV was almost unchanged. The D* was strongly affected by the input flow. CONCLUSION Our original phantom models the relationships among the blood perfusion, water diffusion, and biomechanics of the intracranial tissue, potentially facilitating the validation of novel MRI techniques and optimization of imaging parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Chigusa
- Department of Radiology, Okazaki City Hospital, 3-1 Goshoai, Koryuji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 4448553, Japan
| | - Hikari Usui
- Department of Radiology, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan
| | - Shota Ishida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiramatsu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9200942, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 9208641, Japan
| | - Noam Alperin
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami, 1150 NW 14th Street, Suite 713, FL, 33146, USA
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Fujima N, Sakashita T, Homma A, Shimizu Y, Yoshida A, Harada T, Tha KK, Kudo K, Shirato H. Advanced diffusion models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: Goodness of fit, relationships among diffusion parameters and comparison with dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion. Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 36:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Mulkern RV, Balasubramanian M, Maier SE. On the perils of multiexponential fitting of diffusion MR data. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 45:1545-1547. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert V. Mulkern
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBoston Massachusetts USA
| | - Mukund Balasubramanian
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBoston Massachusetts USA
| | - Stephan E. Maier
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBoston Massachusetts USA
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30
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Konishi Y, Kanazawa Y, Usuda T, Matsumoto Y, Hayashi H, Matsuda T, Ueno J, Harada M. Simple noise reduction for diffusion weighted images. Radiol Phys Technol 2016; 9:221-6. [PMID: 26984734 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-016-0350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Our purpose in this study was to reduce the noise in order to improve the SNR of Dw images with high b-value by using two correction schemes. This study was performed with use of phantoms made from water and sucrose at different concentrations, which were 10, 30, and 50 weight percent (wt%). In noise reduction for Dw imaging of the phantoms, we compared two correction schemes that are based on the Rician distribution and the Gaussian distribution. The highest error values for each concentration with use of the Rician distribution scheme were 7.3 % for 10 wt%, 2.4 % for 30 wt%, and 0.1 % for 50 wt%. The highest error values for each concentration with use of the Gaussian distribution scheme were 20.3 % for 10 wt%, 11.6 % for 30 wt%, and 3.4 % for 50 wt%. In Dw imaging, the noise reduction makes it possible to apply the correction scheme of Rician distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Konishi
- School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanazawa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Takatoshi Usuda
- School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsumoto
- School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hayashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Matsuda
- MR Applications and Workflow Asia Pacific GE Healthcare Japan Corporation, 4-7-127, Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8503, Japan
| | - Junji Ueno
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Toksuhima City, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8509, Japan
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