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Urmi UL, Vijay AK, Willcox MDP, Attard S, Enninful G, Kumar N, Islam S, Kuppusamy R. Exploring the Efficacy of Peptides and Mimics against Influenza A Virus, Adenovirus, and Murine Norovirus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7030. [PMID: 39000138 PMCID: PMC11240954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing battle against viral pandemics continues, with the possibility of future outbreaks. The search for effective antiviral compounds that can combat a diverse range of viruses continues to be a focal point of research. This study investigated the efficacy of two natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (lactoferricin and LL-37), two synthetic AMPs (melimine and Mel4), and nine AMP mimics (758, 1091, 1096, 1083, 610, NAPL, 3-BIPL, 4-BIPL, and Sau-22) against influenza A virus strains H1N1 and H3N2, human adenovirus 5 (HAdV-5), and murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1). These compounds were tested using virus pre-treatment, cell pre-treatment, or post-cell entry treatment assays, electron microscopy, and circular dichroism (CD), alongside evaluations of cytotoxicity against the host cells. After virus pre-treatment, the AMP mimics 610 and Sau-22 had relatively low IC50 values for influenza strains H1N1 (2.35 and 6.93 µM, respectively) and H3N2 (3.7 and 5.34 µM, respectively). Conversely, natural and synthetic AMPs were not active against these strains. For the non-enveloped viruses, the AMP Mel4 and mimic 1083 had moderate activity against HAdV-5 (Mel4 IC50 = 47.4 µM; 1083 IC50 = 47.2 µM), whereas all AMPs, but none of the mimics, were active against norovirus (LL-37 IC50 = 4.2 µM; lactoferricin IC50 = 23.18 µM; melimine IC50 = 4.8 µM; Mel4 IC50 = 8.6 µM). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the mimics targeted the outer envelope of influenza viruses, while the AMPs targeted the capsid of non-enveloped viruses. CD showed that Mel4 adopted an α-helical structure in a membrane mimetic environment, but mimic 758 remained unstructured. The diverse activity against different virus groups is probably influenced by charge, hydrophobicity, size, and, in the case of natural and synthetic AMPs, their secondary structure. These findings underscore the potential of peptides and mimics as promising candidates for antiviral therapeutics against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Laila Urmi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ajay Kumar Vijay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Samuel Attard
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - George Enninful
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Salequl Islam
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- The Drug Discovery Initiative, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Radke JR, Cook JL. Human adenovirus lung disease: outbreaks, models of immune-response-driven acute lung injury and pandemic potential. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:164-170. [PMID: 37093048 PMCID: PMC10133205 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An overview of epidemic, human adenovirus (HAdV) lung infections with proposed studies of the viral/host immune response interface to better understand mechanisms of immunopathogenesis, for development of improved responses to a potential HAdV pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS Emergent HAdV strains 7, 3, 4, 14 are the most common types associated with infection outbreaks. Recent outbreaks have revealed increased community spread, beyond epidemic group settings. The ongoing circulation of these virulent HAdV strains might allow for further HAdV adaptation, with increased HAdV spread and disease severity in the population that could theoretically result in expansion to a pandemic level. SUMMARY Public health screening has revealed spread of HAdV outbreak strains to the general community. Despite expanded awareness of viral respiratory diseases during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been limited, systematic monitoring of HAdV infection in the population. The shift in clinical laboratories to a focus on molecular diagnostics and away from classical methods of viral characterization has reduced the distribution of outbreak HAdV strains to the research community to study mechanisms of pathogenesis. This change risks reduced development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies that could be needed in the event of more widespread HAdV epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Radke
- Boise VA Medical Center and Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program at Boise State University
| | - James L. Cook
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center; Staff Physician and Research Scientist, Infectious Diseases Section, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital
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Chen L, Lu J, Wang R, Huang Y, Yu Y, Du P, Guo J, Wang X, Jiang Y, Cheng K, Zheng T, Yang Z. Humanization and characterization of a murine monoclonal neutralizing antibody against human adenovirus 7. Virology 2023; 583:36-44. [PMID: 37104921 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) is commonly associated with febrile acute respiratory disease (ARD) outbreaks. We have reported that 10G12, a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) specifically recognizing and neutralizing HAdV7, is a promising candidate for humanization. In this study, we engineered the six variants of 10G12 with increased degree of humanization and investigated their biological activity. The humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) 10G12-M2 was shown to retain the parental antibody's high binding affinity, specificity and potent efficacy of viral suppression. The mAb 10G12-M2 recognized a conformational neutralization epitope of the hexon protein. Complex structure-based molecular docking simulation showed that the hexon protein formed several interactions with 10G12-M2, including hydrogen bonds and salt bridges interaction. Physicochemical properties analysis of 10G12-M2 demonstrated that it is stable and desirable lead candidate. In general, 10G12-M2 had excellent biological activity after humanization combined with the potential for use in prophylactic or therapeutic applications against HAdV7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiansheng Lu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yunzhou Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Peng Du
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiazheng Guo
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yujia Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Kexuan Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Zhixin Yang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Liu S, Zhu A, Pan J, Ying L, Sun W, Wu H, Zhu H, Lou H, Wang L, Qin S, Yu Z, Cai J, Chen Y, Chen E. The clinical and virological features of two children's coinfections with human adenovirus type 7 and human coronavirus-229E virus. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1048108. [PMID: 36457331 PMCID: PMC9706225 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1048108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Human adenovirus (HAdV) coinfection with other respiratory viruses is common, but adenovirus infection combined with human coronavirus-229E (HCoV-229E) is very rare. Study design and setting Clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and disease severity were compared between three groups: one coinfected with HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E, one infected only with adenovirus (mono-adenovirus), and one infected only with HCoV-229E (mono-HCoV-229E). Results From July to August 2019, there were 24 hospitalized children: two were coinfected with HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E, and 21 were infected with a single adenovirus infection. Finally, one 14-year-old boy presented with a high fever, but tested negative for HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E. Additionally, three adult asymptotic cases with HCoV-229E were screened. No significant difference in age was found in the coinfection and mono-adenovirus groups (11 vs. 8 years, p = 0.332). Both groups had the same incubation period (2.5 vs. 3 days, p = 0.8302), fever duration (2.5 vs. 2.9 days, p = 0.5062), and length of hospital stay (7 vs. 6.76 days, p = 0.640). No obvious differences were found in viral loads between the coinfection and mono-adenovirus groups (25.4 vs. 23.7, p = 0.570), or in the coinfection and mono-HCoV-229E groups (32.9 vs. 30.06, p = 0.067). All cases recovered and were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E coinfection in healthy children may not increase the clinical severity or prolong the clinical course. The specific interaction mechanism between the viruses requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - An Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second People's Hospital of Jinyun County, Lishui, China
| | - Jinren Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Ying
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jinyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China
| | - Wanwan Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanting Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second People's Hospital of Jinyun County, Lishui, China
| | - Haiyan Lou
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Qin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jian Cai
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China,Yin Chen
| | - Enfu Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China,Enfu Chen
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