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Tagoe T, Deeping D, Hamann M. Saturation of long-term potentiation in the dorsal cochlear nucleus and its pharmacological reversal in an experimental model of tinnitus. Exp Neurol 2017; 292:1-10. [PMID: 28214516 PMCID: PMC5405851 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Animal models have demonstrated that tinnitus is a pathology of dysfunctional excitability in the central auditory system, in particular in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) of the brainstem. We used a murine model and studied whether acoustic over-exposure leading to hearing loss and tinnitus, affects long-term potentiation (LTP) at DCN multisensory synapses. Whole cell and field potential recordings were used to study the effects on release probability and synaptic plasticity, respectively in brainstem slices. Shifts in hearing threshold were quantified by auditory brainstem recordings, and gap-induced prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex was used as an index for tinnitus. An increased release probability that saturated LTP and thereby induced metaplasticity at DCN multisensory synapses, was observed 4-5days following acoustic over-exposure. Perfusion of an NMDA receptor antagonist or decreasing extracellular calcium concentration, decreased the release probability and restored LTP following acoustic over-exposure. In vivo administration of magnesium-threonate following acoustic over-exposure restored LTP at DCN multisensory synapses, and reduced gap detection deficits observed four months following acoustic over-exposure. These observations suggest that consequences of noise-induced metaplasticity could underlie the gap detection deficits that follow acoustic over-exposure, and that early therapeutic intervention could target metaplasticity and alleviate tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tagoe
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Daniel Deeping
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Martine Hamann
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, UK.
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Han Y, Huang MD, Sun ML, Duan S, Yu YQ. Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity in Rat Barrel Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2014; 25:2741-51. [PMID: 24735674 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rats generate sweeping whisker movements in order to explore their environments and identify objects. In somatosensory pathways, neuronal activity is modulated by the frequency of whisker vibration. However, the potential role of rhythmic neuronal activity in the cerebral processing of sensory signals and its mechanism remain unclear. Here, we showed that rhythmic vibrissal stimulation with short duration in anesthetized rats resulted in an increase or decrease in the amplitude of somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) in the contralateral barrel cortex. The plastic change of the SEPs was frequency dependent and long lasting. The long-lasting enhancement of the vibrissa-to-cortex evoked response was side- but not barrel-specific. Local application of dl-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid into the barrel cortex revealed that this vibrissa-to-cortex long-term plasticity in adult rats was N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent. Most interestingly, whisker trimming through postnatal day (P)1-7 but not P29-35 impaired the long-term plasticity induced by 100 Hz vibrissal stimulation. The short period of rhythmic vibrissal stimulation did not induce long-lasting plasticity of field potentials in the thalamus. In conclusion, our results suggest that natural rhythmic whisker activity modifies sensory information processing in cerebral cortex, providing further insight into sensory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-De Huang
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Man-Li Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Qin Yu
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Barrett KC, Ashley R, Strait DL, Kraus N. Art and science: how musical training shapes the brain. Front Psychol 2013; 4:713. [PMID: 24137142 PMCID: PMC3797461 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
What makes a musician? In this review, we discuss innate and experience-dependent factors that mold the musician brain in addition to presenting new data in children that indicate that some neural enhancements in musicians unfold with continued training over development. We begin by addressing effects of training on musical expertise, presenting neural, perceptual, and cognitive evidence to support the claim that musicians are shaped by their musical training regimes. For example, many musician-advantages in the neural encoding of sound, auditory perception, and auditory-cognitive skills correlate with their extent of musical training, are not observed in young children just initiating musical training, and differ based on the type of training pursued. Even amidst innate characteristics that contribute to the biological building blocks that make up the musician, musicians demonstrate further training-related enhancements through extensive education and practice. We conclude by reviewing evidence from neurobiological and epigenetic approaches to frame biological markers of musicianship in the context of interactions between genetic and experience-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chan Barrett
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Science and Disorders, Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA ; Program in Music Theory and Cognition, Bienen School of Music, Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA ; Music Cognition Laboratory, Program in Music Theory and Cognition, Bienen School of Music, Northwestern University Evanston, IL USA
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Guo F, Zhang J, Zhu X, Cai R, Zhou X, Sun X. Auditory discrimination training rescues developmentally degraded directional selectivity and restores mature expression of GABA(A) and AMPA receptor subunits in rat auditory cortex. Behav Brain Res 2012; 229:301-7. [PMID: 22306199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Auditory frequency discrimination training can remediate deteriorated frequency representations and temporal information processing in the adult primary auditory cortex induced by early post-natal pulsed noise exposure. In this study, we investigated the neural mechanisms underlying the restoration of directional selectivity by auditory spatial discrimination training. Rats exposed to pulsed noise during a post-natal critical period demonstrated reduced auditory directional selectivity but could be successfully trained to identify a target sound stimulus at a specific azimuth angle using a reward-contingent auditory discrimination task (EXP rats). In contrast, rats passively exposed to the training procedure but no reward for correct identification of the azimuth angle (PNR rats) showed no improvement and behavioral performance remained significantly below EXP rats and control (CON) rats reared under a normal sonic environment. The expression levels of GABA(A) receptor subunits α1, α3, β2, and β3, and the AMPA GluR2 subunit were significantly altered in the auditory cortex of untrained noise-raised (NR and PNR) rats compared to age-matched CON rats, while trained noise-raised (EXP) rats exhibited levels of expression not significantly different from CON rats. Thus, reward-contingent sound-azimuth discrimination training may remediate directional selectivity by restoring the proper expression profile of neurotransmitter receptor subunits in the auditory cortex, allowing for normal spatial selectivity by cortical neurons. The development of auditory directional selectivity depends on the regulated expression of these excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor subunits; early pulsed noise may disrupt the normal development of directional selectivity by interfering with receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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Sun W, Tang L, Allman BL. Environmental noise affects auditory temporal processing development and NMDA-2B receptor expression in auditory cortex. Behav Brain Res 2010; 218:15-20. [PMID: 21094188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Auditory temporal processing is essential for sound discrimination and speech comprehension. Under normal developmental conditions, temporal processing acuity improves with age. As recent animal studies have shown that the functional development of the auditory cortex (AC) is impaired by early life exposure to environmental noise (i.e., continuous, moderate-level, white noise), here we investigated whether the normal age-related improvement in temporal processing acuity is sensitive to delayed development of the AC. We used a behavioral paradigm, the gap-induced prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex, to assess the gap detection threshold, and provide a comparison of temporal processing acuity between environmental noise-reared rats and age-matched controls. Moreover, because age-related changes normally occur in the relative expression of different N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, we assessed the level of protein expression of NMDA-2A and 2B receptors (NR2A and NR2B respectively) in the AC after environmental noise-rearing. As hypothesized, rats reared in environmental noise showed (1) poor temporal processing acuity as adults (i.e., gap detection threshold remained elevated at a juvenile-like level), and (2) an increased level of NR2B protein expression compared to age-matched controls. This poor temporal processing acuity represented delayed development rather than permanent impairment, as moving these environmental noise-reared rats to normal acoustic conditions improved their gap detection threshold to an age-appropriate level. Furthermore, housing normally reared, adult rats in environmental noise for two months did not affect their already-mature gap detection threshold. Thus, masking normal sound inputs with environmental noise during early life, but not adulthood, impairs temporal processing acuity as assessed with the gap detection threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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Cai R, Zhou X, Guo F, Xu J, Zhang J, Sun X. Maintenance of enriched environment-induced changes of auditory spatial sensitivity and expression of GABAA, NMDA, and AMPA receptor subunits in rat auditory cortex. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2010; 94:452-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vacotto M, Rapacioli M, Flores V, Fiszer de Plazas S. Acute Hypoxia Differentially Affects the NMDA Receptor NR1, NR2A and NR2B Subunit mRNA Levels in the Developing Chick Optic Tectum: Stage-Dependent Plasticity in the 2B–2A Ratio. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:1609-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Early APV chronic blocked alters experience-dependent plasticity of auditory spatial representation in rat auditory cortical neurons. Neurosci Lett 2010; 478:119-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xin Y, Chanrion B, Liu MM, Galfalvy H, Costa R, Ilievski B, Rosoklija G, Arango V, Dwork AJ, Mann JJ, Tycko B, Haghighi F. Genome-wide divergence of DNA methylation marks in cerebral and cerebellar cortices. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11357. [PMID: 20596539 PMCID: PMC2893206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that DNA methylation plays an expansive role in the central nervous system (CNS). Large-scale whole genome DNA methylation profiling of the normal human brain offers tremendous potential in understanding the role of DNA methylation in brain development and function. METHODOLOGY/SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS Using methylation-sensitive SNP chip analysis (MSNP), we performed whole genome DNA methylation profiling of the prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions of cerebral cortex, as well as cerebellum. These data provide an unbiased representation of CpG sites comprising 377,509 CpG dinucleotides within both the genic and intergenic euchromatic region of the genome. Our large-scale genome DNA methylation profiling reveals that the prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions of the cerebral cortex compared to cerebellum have markedly different DNA methylation signatures, with the cerebral cortex being hypermethylated and cerebellum being hypomethylated. Such differences were observed in distinct genomic regions, including genes involved in CNS function. The MSNP data were validated for a subset of these genes, by performing bisulfite cloning and sequencing and confirming that prefrontal, occipital, and temporal cortices are significantly more methylated as compared to the cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with known developmental differences in nucleosome repeat lengths in cerebral and cerebellar cortices, with cerebrum exhibiting shorter repeat lengths than cerebellum. Our observed differences in DNA methylation profiles in these regions underscores the potential role of DNA methylation in chromatin structure and organization in CNS, reflecting functional specialization within cortical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Xin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Chanrion
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Meng-Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ramiro Costa
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Boro Ilievski
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- School Of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Gorazd Rosoklija
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- School Of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Victoria Arango
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew J. Dwork
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- School Of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- School Of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Benjamin Tycko
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Fatemeh Haghighi
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhang H, Cai R, Zhang J, Pan Y, Sun X. Environmental enrichment enhances directional selectivity of primary auditory cortical neurons in rats. Neurosci Lett 2009; 463:162-5. [PMID: 19631723 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Environment enrichment (EE) has an important role in brain plasticity. Previous research has shown that EE increases the response strength of auditory cortical neurons, but it remains unknown whether EE can affect the directional selectivity of auditory neurons. In this study, rats were exposed to EE conditions during the developmental critical period (EE1) or after the critical period (EE2). By in vivo extracellular recording, we found that EE enhanced the directional selectivity of primary auditory cortical neurons in EE1 rats, which showed a sharper azimuth selectivity curve of auditory cortical neurons compared with normal rats. However, there was no significant difference in directional selectivity between the EE2 rats and age-matched control rats. Our findings indicate that early exposure to EE enhances the directional sensitivity of primary auditory cortical neurons. These results provide an insight into developmental plasticity in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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Cai R, Guo F, Zhang J, Xu J, Cui Y, Sun X. Environmental enrichment improves behavioral performance and auditory spatial representation of primary auditory cortical neurons in rat. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2009; 91:366-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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