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Zhang J, Hu F, Aras O, Chai Y, An F. Small Molecule-Drug Conjugates: Opportunities for the Development of Targeted Anticancer Drugs. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300720. [PMID: 38396351 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy is insufficient for precise cancer treatment due to its lack of selectivity and inevitable side effects. Targeted drugs have emerged as a promising solution for precise cancer treatment. A common strategy is to conjugate therapeutic agents with ligands that can specifically bind to tumor cells, providing targeted therapy. Similar to the more successful antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs) are another promising class of targeted drugs, consisting of three parts: targeting ligand, cleavable linker and payload. Compared to ADCs, SMDCs have the advantages of smaller size, better permeability, simpler preparation process and non-immunogenicity, making them a promising alternative to ADCs. This review describes the characteristics of the targeting ligand, linker and payload of SMDCs and the criteria for selecting a suitable one. We also discuss recently reported SMDCs and list some successful SMDCs that have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Fanchun Hu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Omer Aras
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yichao Chai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Feifei An
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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2
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Gu X, Majumder J, Taratula O, Kuzmov A, Garbuzenko O, Pogrebnyak N, Minko T. Nanotechnology-Based Strategy for Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer: Receptor-Targeted Drug Delivery by Somatostatin Analog. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5545. [PMID: 38791582 PMCID: PMC11122428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel nanotechnology-based drug delivery system (DDS) targeted at pancreatic cancer cells was developed, characterized, and tested. The system consisted of liposomes as carriers, an anticancer drug (paclitaxel) as a chemotherapeutic agent, and a modified synthetic somatostatin analog, 5-pentacarbonyl-octreotide, a ligand for somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), as a targeting moiety for pancreatic cancer. The cellular internalization, cytotoxicity, and antitumor activity of the DDS were tested in vitro using human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells with different expressions of the targeted SSTR2 receptors, and in vivo on immunodeficient mice bearing human PDAC xenografts. The targeted drug delivery system containing paclitaxel exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity compared to non-targeted DDS, and this efficacy was directly related to the levels of SSTR2 expression. It was found that octreotide-targeted DDS proved exceptionally effective in suppressing the growth of PDAC tumors. This study underscores the potential of octreotide-targeted liposomal delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic outcomes for PDAC compared with non-targeted liposomal DDS and Paclitaxel-Cremophor® EL, suggesting a promising avenue for future cancer therapy innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Olena Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Andriy Kuzmov
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Olga Garbuzenko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Natalia Pogrebnyak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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3
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Fan M, Huang Y, Zhu X, Zheng J, Du M. Octreotide and Octreotide-derived delivery systems. J Drug Target 2023; 31:569-584. [PMID: 37211679 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2216895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical peptide Octreotide is a somatostatin analog with targeting and therapeutic abilities. Over the last decades, Octreotide has been developed and approved to treat acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumours, and Octreotide-based radioactive conjugates have been leveraged clinically to detect small neuroendocrine tumour sites. Meanwhile, variety of Octreotide-derived delivery strategies have been proposed and explored for tumour targeted therapeutics or diagnostics in preclinical or clinical settings. In this review, we especially focus on the preclinical development and applications of Octreotide-derived drug delivery systems, diagnostic nanosystems, therapeutic nanosystems and multifunctional nanosystems, we also briefly discuss challenges and prospects of these Octreotide-derived delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Fan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Zheng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Du
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Migliorini F, Cini E, Dreassi E, Finetti F, Ievoli G, Macrì G, Petricci E, Rango E, Trabalzini L, Taddei M. A pH-responsive crosslinker platform for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10532-10535. [PMID: 36043993 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a new 1-6 self-immolative, traceless crosslinker derived from the natural product gallic acid. The linker acts through a pH-dependent mechanism for drug release. This 5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrogallol orthoester derivative (HMPO) was stable for 24 hours at pH values of 7.4 and 6.6 and in plasma, releasing molecules bound to the hydroxymethyl moiety under acid-dependent stimuli at pH 5.5. The linker was non-toxic and was used for the conjugation of Doxorubicin (Doxo) or Combretastatin A4 with Cetuximab. The ADCs formed showed their pH responsivity reducing cell viability of A431 and A549 cancer cells better than Cetuximab alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Migliorini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Elena Cini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Elena Dreassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Federica Finetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Ievoli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Giulia Macrì
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Elena Petricci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Enrico Rango
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A.Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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5
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Rana A, Bhatnagar S. Advancements in folate receptor targeting for anti-cancer therapy: A small molecule-drug conjugate approach. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104946. [PMID: 33989916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery combined with controlled release of drugs has a crucial role in future of personalized medicine. The majority of cancer drugs are intended to interfere with one or more cellular events. Anticancer agents can also be toxic to healthy cells, as healthy cells may also need to proliferate and avoid apoptosis. The focus of this review covers the principles, advantages, drawbacks and summarize criteria that must be met for design of small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs) to achieve the desired therapeutic potency with minimal toxicity. SMDCs are composed of a targeting ligand, a releasable bridge, a spacer, and a therapeutic payload. We summarize the criteria for the effective design that influences the selection of tumor specific receptor and optimum elements in the design of SMDCs. We also discuss the criteria for selecting the optimal therapeutic drug payload, spacer and linker. The linker chemistries and cleavage strategies are also discussed. Finally, we review the folate receptor targeting SMDCs that are in preclinical development and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Rana
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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6
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Patel TK, Adhikari N, Amin SA, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. Small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs): an emerging strategy for anticancer drug design and discovery. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of how SMDCs work. Small molecule drugs are conjugated with the targeted ligand using pH sensitive linkers which allow the drug molecule to get released at lower lysosomal pH. It helps to accumulate the chemotherapeutic agents to be localized in the tumor environment upon cleaving of the pH-labile bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Patel
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Sk. Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory
- Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy
- BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad
- India
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7
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Chen S, Song Z, Feng R. Recent Development of Copolymeric Nano-Drug Delivery System for Paclitaxel. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:2169-2189. [PMID: 32682385 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200719001038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Paclitaxel (PTX) has been clinically used for several years due to its good therapeutic
effect against cancers. Its poor water-solubility, non-selectivity, high cytotoxicity to normal tissue and worse
pharmacokinetic property limit its clinical application.
Objective:
To review the recent progress on the PTX delivery systems.
Methods:
In recent years, the copolymeric nano-drug delivery systems for PTX are broadly studied. It mainly
includes micelles, nanoparticles, liposomes, complexes, prodrugs and hydrogels, etc. They were developed or
further modified with target molecules to investigate the release behavior, targeting to tissues, pharmacokinetic
property, anticancer activities and bio-safety of PTX. In the review, we will describe and discuss the recent
progress on the nano-drug delivery system for PTX since 2011.
Results:
The water-solubility, selective delivery to cancers, tissue toxicity, controlled release and pharmacokinetic
property of PTX are improved by its encapsulation into the nano-drug delivery systems. In addition, its
activities against cancer are also comparable or high when compared with the commercial formulation.
Conclusion:
Encapsulating PTX into nano-drug carriers should be helpful to reduce its toxicity to human, keeping
or enhancing its activity and improving its pharmacokinetic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Chen
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336 West Road of Nanxinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhimei Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336 West Road of Nanxinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Runliang Feng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336 West Road of Nanxinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, China
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8
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Li J, Chen T. Transition metal complexes as photosensitizers for integrated cancer theranostic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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Delahousse J, Skarbek C, Paci A. Prodrugs as drug delivery system in oncology. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:937-958. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Zhuang C, Guan X, Ma H, Cong H, Zhang W, Miao Z. Small molecule-drug conjugates: A novel strategy for cancer-targeted treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 163:883-895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Abstract
There is a growing interest for the discovery of new cancer-targeted delivery systems for drug delivery and diagnosis. A synopsis of the bibliographic data will be presented on bombesin, neurotensin, octreotide, Arg-Gly-Asp, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and other peptides. Many of them have reached the clinics for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, and have been utilized as carriers of known cytotoxic agents such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, methotrexate or dyes and radioisotopes. In our article, recent advances in the development of peptides as carriers of cytotoxic drugs or radiometals will be analyzed.
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12
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Chatzisideri T, Thysiadis S, Katsamakas S, Dalezis P, Sigala I, Lazarides T, Nikolakaki E, Trafalis D, Gederaas O, Lindgren M, Sarli V. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a Platinum(II)-c(RGDyK) conjugate for integrin-targeted photodynamic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:221-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Dissanayake S, Denny WA, Gamage S, Sarojini V. Recent developments in anticancer drug delivery using cell penetrating and tumor targeting peptides. J Control Release 2017; 250:62-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Chen H, Huang R, Li Z, Zhu W, Chen J, Zhan Y, Jiang B. Selective lysine modification of native peptides via aza-Michael addition. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7339-7345. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01866e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Phenylvinylsulfonamides were developed as applicable reagents for site-selective lysine functionalization in native peptides with a free N-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Jiakang Chen
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Yuexiong Zhan
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Biao Jiang
- The institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai
- P.R. China
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16
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Liu T, Jia T, Yuan X, Liu C, Sun J, Ni Z, Xu J, Wang X, Yuan Y. Development of octreotide-conjugated polymeric prodrug of bufalin for targeted delivery to somatostatin receptor 2 overexpressing breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2235-50. [PMID: 27284243 PMCID: PMC4883818 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of polymeric prodrugs of small molecular anticancer drugs has become one of the most promising strategies to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings of small molecular anticancer drugs and improve their anticancer performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current work, we fabricated a novel octreotide (Oct)-modified esterase-sensitive tumor-targeting polymeric prodrug of bufalin (BUF) and explored its anticancer performance against somatostatin receptor 2 overexpressing breast cancer. RESULTS The obtained tumor-targeting polymeric prodrug of BUF, P(oligo[ethylene glycol] monomethyl ether methacrylate [OEGMA]-co-BUF-co-Oct), showed a nanosize dimension and controlled drug release features in the presence of esterase. It was demonstrated by in vitro experiment that P(OEGMA-co-BUF-co-Oct) showed enhanced cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and apoptosis in comparison with those of free BUF. In vivo experiment further revealed the improved accumulation of drugs in tumor tissues and enhanced anticancer performance of P(OEGMA-co-BUF-co-Oct). CONCLUSION Taken together, this study indicated that polymeric prodrug of BUF holds promising potential toward the treatment of somatostatin receptor 2 overexpressing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Centralab, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Centralab, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Centralab, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- Centralab, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Centralab, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Li J, Wang F, Sun D, Wang R. A review of the ligands and related targeting strategies for active targeting of paclitaxel to tumours. J Drug Target 2016; 24:590-602. [PMID: 26878228 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2016.1154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been 30 years since the discovery of the anti-tumour property of paclitaxel (PTX), which has been successfully applied in clinic for the treatment of carcinomas of the lungs, breast and ovarian. However, PTX is poorly soluble in water and has no targeting and selectivity to tumour tissue. Recent advances in active tumour targeting of PTX delivery vehicles have addressed some of the issues related to lack of solubility in water and non-specific toxicities associated with PTX. These PTX delivery vehicles are designed for active targeting to specific cancer cells by the addition of ligands for recognition by specific receptors/antigens on cancer cells. This article will focus on various ligands and related targeting strategies serving as potential tools for active targeting of PTX to tumour tissues, illustrating their use in different tumour models. This review also highlights the need of further studies on the discovery of receptors in different cells of specific organ and ligands with binding efficiency to these specific receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- a Department of Pharmacy , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , PR China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education) , Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan , China ;,c National Glycoengineering Research Center , Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Deqing Sun
- a Department of Pharmacy , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , PR China
| | - Rongmei Wang
- a Department of Pharmacy , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan , PR China
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18
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Polymer-Based Prodrugs: Improving Tumor Targeting and the Solubility of Small Molecule Drugs in Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2015; 20:21750-69. [PMID: 26690101 PMCID: PMC6331894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of anticancer drugs have poor aqueous solubility, produce adverse effects in healthy tissue, and thus impose major limitations on both clinical efficacy and therapeutic safety of cancer chemotherapy. To help circumvent problems associated with solubility, most cancer drugs are now formulated with co-solubilizers. However, these agents often also introduce severe side effects, thereby restricting effective treatment and patient quality of life. A promising approach to addressing problems in anticancer drug solubility and selectivity is their conjugation with polymeric carriers to form polymer-based prodrugs. These polymer-based prodrugs are macromolecular carriers, designed to increase the aqueous solubility of antitumor drugs, can enhance bioavailability. Additionally, polymer-based prodrugs approach exploits unique features of tumor physiology to passively facilitate intratumoral accumulation, and so improve chemodrug pharmacokinetics and pharmacological properties. This review introduces basic concepts of polymer-based prodrugs, provides an overview of currently emerging synthetic, natural, and genetically engineered polymers that now deliver anticancer drugs in preclinical or clinical trials, and highlights their major anticipated applications in anticancer therapies.
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Yin T, Wu Q, Wang L, Yin L, Zhou J, Huo M. Well-Defined Redox-Sensitive Polyethene Glycol-Paclitaxel Prodrug Conjugate for Tumor-Specific Delivery of Paclitaxel Using Octreotide for Tumor Targeting. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3020-31. [PMID: 26086430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A redox-sensitive prodrug, octreotide(Phe)-polyethene glycol-disulfide bond-paclitaxel [OCT(Phe)-PEG-ss-PTX], was successfully developed for targeted intracellular delivery of PTX. The formulation emphasizes long-circulation-time polymer-drug conjugates, combined targeting based on EPR and OCT-receptor mediated endocytosis, sharp redox response, and programmed drug release. The nontargeted redox-sensitive prodrug, mPEG-ss-PTX, and the targeted insensitive prodrug, OCT(Phe)-PEG-PTX, were also synthesized as controls. These polymer-PTX conjugates, structurally confirmed by 1H NMR, exhibited approximately 23,000-fold increase in water solubility over parent PTX and possessed drug contents ranging from 11% to 14%. The redox-sensitivity of the objective OCT(Phe)-PEG-ss-PTX prodrug was verified by in vitro PTX release profile in simulated reducing conditions, and the SSTRs-mediated endocytosis was demonstrated by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses. Consequently, compared with mPEG-PTX and OCT(Phe)-PEG-PTX, the OCT(Phe)-PEG-ss-PTX exhibited much stronger cyotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing ability against NCI-H446 tumor cells (SSTRs overexpression), whereas a comparable cytotoxicity of these prodrugs was obtained against WI-38 normal cells (no SSTRs expression). Finally, the in vivo studies on NCI-H466 tumor-bearing nude mice demonstrated that the OCT(Phe)-PEG-ss-PTX possessed superior tumor-targeting ability and antitumor activity over mPEG-PTX, OCT(Phe)-PEG-PTX and Taxol, as well as minimal collateral damage. This targeted redox-sensitive polymer-PTX prodrug system is promising in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lifang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meirong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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