1
|
Fornes F, Lidón A, Belda RM, Macan GPF, Cayuela ML, Sánchez-García M, Sánchez-Monedero MA. Soil fertility and plant nutrition in an organic olive orchard after 5 years of amendment with compost, biochar or their blend. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16606. [PMID: 39025936 PMCID: PMC11258141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The agronomic use of compost and biochar as soil amendments may exhibit contrasting results in terms of soil fertility and plant nutrition. The effects of the biennial application of biochar, compost and a blend of compost:biochar (90:10; % dw:dw) on the agronomical performance of an organically managed and well established 25-year-old olive orchard was assessed 5 years after the initial application. The agronomical evaluation was based on the assessment of the soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, and the assessment of the soil fertility by both crop production and nutritional status of the orchard, and the bioassay with olive plantlets. Biochar mainly benefited the physical properties (bulk density, total porosity, aeration, water retention capacity) of soil, especially in the top 0-5 cm. Compost and its blend with biochar improved microbial activity, soil nutritional status (increasing the content of soluble organic C, N, and P) and favoured the formation of aggregates in soil. The bioassay conducted with young plantlets confirmed the enhanced soil fertility status in the three amended treatments, particularly in the case of biochar and its blend with compost. However, this effect was not significantly observed in the adult plants after 5 years of application, reflecting the slow response of adult olive trees to changes in fertilization. Based on these results, alongside the desirable long-residence time of biochar in soil and the ready availability of compost, the blend of biochar with compost assayed in this study is defined as a valid strategy for preparing high quality soil organic amendments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fornes
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Lidón
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa M Belda
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giovana P F Macan
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - María L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Sánchez-García
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang S, Zhu Q, de Vries W, Ros GH, Chen X, Muneer MA, Zhang F, Wu L. Effects of soil amendments on soil acidity and crop yields in acidic soils: A world-wide meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118531. [PMID: 37423193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil amendments, including lime, biochar, industrial by-products, manure, and straw are used to alleviate soil acidification and improve crop productivity. Quantitative insight in the effect of these amendments on soil pH is limited, hampering their appropriate use. Until now, there is no comprehensive evaluation of the effects of soil amendments on soil acidity and yield, accounting for differences in soil properties. We synthesized 832 observations from 142 papers to explore the impact of these amendments on crop yield, soil pH and soil properties, focusing on acidic soils with a pH value below 6.5. Application of lime, biochar, by-products, manure, straw and combinations of them significantly increased soil pH by 15%, 12%, 15%, 13%, 5% and 17%, and increased crop yield by 29%, 57%, 50%, 55%, 9%, and 52%, respectively. The increase of soil pH was positively correlated with the increase in crop yield, but the relationship varied among crop types. The most substantial increases in soil pH and yield in response to soil amendments were found under long-term applications (>6 year) in strongly acidic (pH < 5.0) sandy soils with a low cation exchange capacity (CEC, <100 mmolc kg-1) and low soil organic matter content (SOM, <12 g kg-1). Most amendments increased soil CEC, SOM and base saturation (BS) and decreased soil bulk density (BD), but lime application increased soil BD (1%) induced by soil compaction. Soil pH and yield were positively correlated with CEC, SOM and BS, while yield declined when soils became compacted. Considering the impact of the amendments on soil pH, soil properties and crop yield as well as their costs, the addition of lime, manure and straw seem most appropriate in acidic soils with an initial pH range from <5.0, 5.0-6.0 and 6.0-6.5, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Zhang
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qichao Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572000, China.
| | - Wim de Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Ros
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Research Centre of Phosphorous Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection Along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Atif Muneer
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liangquang Wu
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren H, Guo H, Shafiqul Islam M, Zaki HEM, Wang Z, Wang H, Qi X, Guo J, Sun L, Wang Q, Li B, Li G, Radwan KSA. Improvement effect of biochar on soil microbial community structure and metabolites of decline disease bayberry. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1154886. [PMID: 37333636 PMCID: PMC10275294 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1154886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Decline disease is a new disease that has recently caused severe damage in bayberry industry. The effect of biochar on decline disease was determined by investigating the changes in the vegetative growth and fruit quality of bayberry trees as well as soil physical and chemical properties, microbial community structure, and metabolites. Results indicated that the application of biochar could improve the vigor and fruit quality of diseased trees, and rhizosphere soil microbial diversity at the levels of phyla, orders, and genera. The relative abundance of Mycobacterium, Crossiella, Geminibasidium, and Fusarium were significantly increased, while Acidothermus, Bryobacter, Acidibacter, Cladophialophora, Mycena, and Rickenella were significantly decreased by biochar in rhizosphere soil of decline diseased bayberry. Analysis of redundancies (RDA) of microbial communities and soil characteristics revealed that the composition of bacterial and fungal communities was significantly affected by the pH, organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in bayberry rhizosphere soil, and the contribution rates to fungi were larger than those to bacteria at the genus level. Biochar greatly influenced the metabolomics distribution of rhizosphere soils of decline disease bayberry. One hundred and nine different metabolites from both the presence and absence of biochar, mainly include acid, alcohol, ester, amine, amino acid, sterol, sugar, and other secondary metabolites, of which the contents of 52 metabolites were increased significantly such as aconitic acid, threonic acid, pimelic acid, epicatechin, and lyxose. The contents of 57 metabolites decreased significantly, such as conduritol β-expoxide, zymosterol, palatinitol, quinic acid, and isohexoic acid. There was a great difference between the absence and presence of biochar in 10 metabolic pathways, including thiamine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, butanoate metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phosphotransferase system (pts), and lysine degradation. There was a significant correlation between the relative content of microbial species and the content of secondary metabolites in rhizosphere soil at the levels of bacterial and fungal phyla, order, and genus. Overall, this study highlighted the significant influence of biochar in decline disease by regulating soil microbial community, physical and chemical properties, and secondary metabolites in rhizosphere soil, which provided a novel strategy for managing bayberry decline disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Haitham E. M. Zaki
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
- Applied Biotechnology Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Sur, Sur, Oman
| | - Zhenshuo Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingjiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junning Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Khlode S. A. Radwan
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qian S, Zhou X, Fu Y, Song B, Yan H, Chen Z, Sun Q, Ye H, Qin L, Lai C. Biochar-compost as a new option for soil improvement: Application in various problem soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162024. [PMID: 36740069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the synergistic effects of biochar and compost/composting, the combined application of biochar and compost (biochar-compost) has been recognized as a highly promising and efficient method of soil improvement. However, the willingness to apply biochar-compost for soil improvement is still low compared to the use of biochar or compost alone. This paper collects data on the application of biochar-compost in several problem soils that are well-known and extensively investigated by agronomists and scientists, and summarizes the effects of biochar-compost application in common problem soils. These typical problem soils are classified based on three different characteristics: climatic zones, abiotic stresses, and contaminants. The improvement effect of biochar-compost in different soils is assessed and directions for further research and suggestions for application are made. Generally, biochar-compost mitigates the high mineralization rate of soil organic matter, phosphorus deficiency and aluminum toxicity, and significantly improves crop yields in most tropical soils. Biochar-compost can help to achieve long-term sustainable management of temperate agricultural soils by sequestering carbon and improving soil physicochemical properties. Biochar-compost has shown positive performance in the remediation of both dry and saline soils by reducing the threat of soil water scarcity or high salinity and improving the consequent deterioration of soil conditions. By combining different mechanisms of biochar and compost to immobilize or remove contaminants, biochar-compost tends to perform better than biochar or compost alone in soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) or organic pollutants (OPs). This review aims to improve the practicality and acceptability of biochar-compost and to promote its application in soil. Additionally, the prospects, challenges and future directions for the application of biochar-compost in problem soil improvement were foreseen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuerong Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huchuan Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhexin Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haoyang Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bona D, Cristoforetti A, Zanzotti R, Bertoldi D, Dellai N, Silvestri S. Matured Manure and Compost from the Organic Fraction of Solid Waste Digestate Application in Intensive Apple Orchards. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15512. [PMID: 36497587 PMCID: PMC9739789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In intensive fruit growing systems, the recovery and maintenance of soil fertility play a crucial role in both environmental protection and sustainable support to plant productivity. The circular economy approach adopted at the EU level strongly promotes the use of organic products instead of mineral fertilizers. This work focuses on two different soil improvers, compost from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste digestate (CO) and "matured" manure, produced after a fast and controlled aerobic treatment in an aerated pile (MM), which were applied in three apple orchards with different soil tillage. The soil improvers have been characterized for amendment and fertilizing properties. After the amendment, the soils were sampled twice a year (Spring and Autumn) for three years. Each sample has been characterized for texture, pH, cation exchange capacity, nutrients, soil organic matter, and micronutrients. The amendments obtained differed on C, N, P, and K contents, but had similar biological stability. The main effects on soils were the increasing of N and soil organic matter after compost application, while the use of matured manure mainly act on available P and exchangeable K. The treatments showed significant effects among fields with a linear increasing trend only for compost. Matured manure showed more effects in earlier times. The data collected aim to improve the knowledge about sustainable management of soil organic matter and organic nutrients in intensive fruit-growing agriculture by using local products.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen L, Li X, Peng Y, Xiang P, Zhou Y, Yao B, Zhou Y, Sun C. Co-application of biochar and organic fertilizer promotes the yield and quality of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) by improving soil properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133619. [PMID: 35041821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the combined impact of biochar and organic fertilizer on the soil properties, yield and quality of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). A two-year (2019 and 2020) field experiment was conducted to study the effects of 3 rates of biochar (with carbon fertilizer ratios of 0%, 3%, and 6% w/w) combined with 3 levels of organic fertilizer (22.5, 45, and 90 t ha-1) on soil properties, along with red pitaya yield and quality. The results showed that soil pH, total organic carbon, available nutrients (N, P, and K), the yield and qualities (reduced sugar, soluble protein, and soluble solid) of red pitaya increased with the application of organic fertilizer compared with no application of biochar and organic fertilizer (CK treatment), but the combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer was more effective than their sole application. Furthermore, a medium dose of organic fertilizer combined with 3% biochar (C3F2 treatment) and a high dose of organic fertilizer combined with 3% biochar (C3F3 treatment) had the highest yields of red pitaya in 2019 and 2020. However, an application of 6% biochar with a low dose of organic fertilizer treatment (C6F1) had the highest profit in 2020, not the C3F3 treatment. The highest profits were observed in the C3F2 (71.0 × 103 RMB·t-1) and C6F1 (51.2 × 103 RMB·t-1) treatments. From the point of view of red pitaya yield and economic benefits, 3% biochar +45 t ha-1 organic fertilizer was the recommended combination that showed the best synergistic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
| | - Yutao Peng
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 523758, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yuzhou Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Bin Yao
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chaoran Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han J, Zhang A, Kang Y, Han J, Yang B, Hussain Q, Wang X, Zhang M, Khan MA. Biochar promotes soil organic carbon sequestration and reduces net global warming potential in apple orchard: A two-year study in the Loess Plateau of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150035. [PMID: 34500275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Loess Plateau is China's primary apple-growing area, and the orchard is a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions due to high nitrogen fertilizer input. Thus, a two-year field study was carried out to investigate the effects of apple wood derived biochar on GHGs emissions during apple orchard production, including soil organic carbon sequestration (SOCSR) and net global warming potential (NGWP) assessments. There are four treatments in this study: 20 t ha-1 biochar in a non-fertilized plot (B); no biochar in a fertilized plot (F); 20 t ha-1 biochar in a fertilized plot (FB); no biochar in a non-fertilized plot (CK). Results showed that the combined application of biochar and fertilizer stimulated CO2 emissions by 9.25% and 8.39% than either biochar or fertilizer alone. Meanwhile, biochar in fertilized plot increased annual N2O emissions by 32.6% as compared to fertilized plot without biochar amendment. Compared with CK, biochar had no significant effect on GHG emissions in unfertilized plot. The N2O emission factor of FB and F were 0.91% and 0.45% respectively in 2017-2018 and they were both 0.34% in 2018-2019. Moreover, compared with CK, the FB and B treatments increased the SOCSR by 316.52% and 354.78%, while, decreased the NGWP by 368.93% and 480.91%, respectively. Thus, biochar application may help reduce the impact of apple production on climate change by sequestering more soil organic carbon and decreasing the NGWP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Han
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Afeng Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yanhong Kang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jianqiao Han
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Qaiser Hussain
- Institute of Soil Science, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, P.O BOX, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Xudong Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Azam Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Osman AI, Fawzy S, Farghali M, El-Azazy M, Elgarahy AM, Fahim RA, Maksoud MIAA, Ajlan AA, Yousry M, Saleem Y, Rooney DW. Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:2385-2485. [PMID: 35571983 PMCID: PMC9077033 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-022-01424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the context of climate change and the circular economy, biochar has recently found many applications in various sectors as a versatile and recycled material. Here, we review application of biochar-based for carbon sink, covering agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, environmental remediation, construction, and energy storage. The ultimate storage reservoirs for biochar are soils, civil infrastructure, and landfills. Biochar-based fertilisers, which combine traditional fertilisers with biochar as a nutrient carrier, are promising in agronomy. The use of biochar as a feed additive for animals shows benefits in terms of animal growth, gut microbiota, reduced enteric methane production, egg yield, and endo-toxicant mitigation. Biochar enhances anaerobic digestion operations, primarily for biogas generation and upgrading, performance and sustainability, and the mitigation of inhibitory impurities. In composts, biochar controls the release of greenhouse gases and enhances microbial activity. Co-composted biochar improves soil properties and enhances crop productivity. Pristine and engineered biochar can also be employed for water and soil remediation to remove pollutants. In construction, biochar can be added to cement or asphalt, thus conferring structural and functional advantages. Incorporating biochar in biocomposites improves insulation, electromagnetic radiation protection and moisture control. Finally, synthesising biochar-based materials for energy storage applications requires additional functionalisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - Samer Fawzy
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - Mohamed Farghali
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555 Japan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Hygiene and Environmental Sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Azazy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed M. Elgarahy
- Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Egyptian Propylene and Polypropylene Company (EPPC), Port-Said, Egypt
| | - Ramy Amer Fahim
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - M. I. A. Abdel Maksoud
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abbas Abdullah Ajlan
- Department of Chemistry -Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, P.O.Box 6803, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Mahmoud Yousry
- Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651 Egypt
- Cemart for Building Materials and Insulation, postcode 11765, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Saleem
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Water Science, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - David W. Rooney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen L, Sun S, Yao B, Peng Y, Gao C, Qin T, Zhou Y, Sun C, Quan W. Effects of straw return and straw biochar on soil properties and crop growth: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:986763. [PMID: 36237511 PMCID: PMC9552067 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.986763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Straw return is an effective method for disposing agricultural residues. It not only utilizes agricultural waste but also improves soil. In the current review, different crop straw and its characteristics were highlighted, and patterns of straw return were explored (including straw return, straw biochar return, and their combined with fertilizer return), as well as their environmental impacts were outlined. In addition, the effects of straw return and straw biochar amendment on soil properties [e.g., pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P)/potassium (K), soil enzyme activities, and soil microbes] were discussed. Information collected from this review proposed that straw return and straw biochar return or in combination with fertilizer is an applicable way for improving soil fertility and enhancing crop production. Straw return is beneficial to soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial features. The rice straw has positive impacts on crop growth. However, there are different climate types, soil types and crops in China, meaning that the future research need long-term experiment to assess the complex interactions among straw, soil, and plant eco-systems. Accordingly, this review aims to provide available information on the application of straw return in terms of different patterns of its to justify and to expand their effective promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Songlin Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yao
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Yao, ; Chaoran Sun,
| | - Yutao Peng
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chongfeng Gao
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Qin
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaoran Sun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Yao, ; Chaoran Sun,
| | - Wei Quan
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Agricultural activities face several challenges due to the intensive increase in population growth and environmental issues. It has been established that biochar can be assigned a useful role in agriculture. Its agronomic application has therefore received increasing attention recently. The literature shows different applications, e.g., biochar serves as a soil ameliorant to optimize soil structure and composition, and it increases the availability of nutrients and the water retention capacity in the soil. If the biochar is buried in the soil, it decomposes very slowly and thus serves as a long-term store of carbon. Limiting the availability of pesticides and heavy metals increases soil health. Biochar addition also affects soil microbiology and enzyme activity and contributes to the improvement of plant growth and crop production. Biochar can be used as a compost additive and animal feed and simultaneously provides a contribution to minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. Several parameters, including biochar origin, pyrolysis temperature, soil type when biochar is used as soil amendment, and application rate, control biochar’s efficiency in different agricultural applications. Thus, special care should be given when using a specific biochar for a specific application to prevent any negative effects on the agricultural environment.
Collapse
|
11
|
Khan N, Chowdhary P, Gnansounou E, Chaturvedi P. Biochar and environmental sustainability: Emerging trends and techno-economic perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125102. [PMID: 33853722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants including emerging contaminants are a growing concern worldwide. Organic wastes, such as food waste, compost, animal manure, crop residues, and sludge are generally used as feedstock. The conventional treatment methodologies (primary and secondary treatment process) do not mitigate or remove pollutants effectively. Hence, an effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly tertiary treatment process is an urgent need. Biochar finds interesting applications in environmental processes like pollutant remediation, greenhouse gas mitigation, and wastewater treatment. Studies have shown that different types of adsorbents (biochars) like, native and engineered biochar are being used in the removal or mitigation of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, disinfectants, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dibenzo-p-dioxins from contaminated sites for environmental management. The review discusses ample studieswhich can offer solutions for environmental sustenance and managementand the emerging trends and techno-economic prospectives of biochar for sustainable environmental management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawaz Khan
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Chowdhary
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Bioenergy and Energy planning, IIC, ENAC, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 18, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6092. [PMID: 33731746 PMCID: PMC7971063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The individual role of biochar, compost and PGPR has been widely studied in increasing the productivity of plants by inducing resistance against phyto-pathogens. However, the knowledge on combined effect of biochar and PGPR on plant health and management of foliar pathogens is still at juvenile stage. The effect of green waste biochar (GWB) and wood biochar (WB), together with compost (Comp) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Bacillus subtilis) was examined on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) physiology and Alternaria solani development both in vivo and in vitro. Tomato plants were raised in potting mixture modified with only compost (Comp) at application rate of 20% (v/v), and along with WB and GWB at application rate of 3 and 6% (v/v), each separately, in combination with or without B. subtilis. In comparison with WB amended soil substrate, percentage disease index was significantly reduced in GWB amended treatments (Comp + 6%GWB and Comp + 3%GWB; 48.21 and 35.6%, respectively). Whereas, in the presence of B. subtilis disease suppression was also maximum (up to 80%) in the substrate containing GWB. Tomato plant growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in treatment containing GWB (6%) alone as well as in combination with PGPR. Alternaria solani mycelial growth inhibition was less than 50% in comp, WB and GWB amended growth media, whereas B. subtilis induced maximum inhibition (55.75%). Conclusively, the variable impact of WB, GWB and subsequently their concentrations in the soil substrate was evident on early blight development and plant physiology. To our knowledge, this is the first report implying biochar in synergism with PGPR to hinder the early blight development in tomatoes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jien SH, Kuo YL, Liao CS, Wu YT, Igalavithana AD, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Effects of field scale in situ biochar incorporation on soil environment in a tropical highly weathered soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116009. [PMID: 33257150 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been proven as a soil amendment to improve soil environment. However, mechanistic understanding of biochar on soil physical properties and microbial community remains unclear. In this study, a wood biochar (WB), was incorporated into a highly weathered tropical soil, and after 1 year the in situ changes in soil properties and microbial community were evaluated. A field trial was conducted for application of compost, wood biochar, and polyacrylamide. Microstructure and morphological features of the soils were characterized through 3D X-ray microscopy and polarized microscopy. Soil microbial communities were identified through next-generation sequencing (NGS). After incubation, the number of pores and connection throats between the pores of biochar treated soil increased by 3.8 and 7.2 times, respectively, compared to the control. According to NGS results, most sequences belonged to Anaerolinea thermolimosa, Caldithrix palaeochoryensis, Chthoniobacter flavus, and Cohnella soli. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) further demonstrated that the microbial community structure was determined by inorganic N (IN), available P (AP), pH, soil organic C (SOC), porosity, bulk density (BD), and aggregate stability. The treatments with co-application of biochar and compost facilitated the dominance of Cal. palaeochoryensis, Cht. flavus, and Coh. soli, all of which promoted organic matter decomposition and ammonia oxidation in the soil. The apparent increases in IN, AP, porosity, and SOC caused by the addition of biochar and compost may be the proponents of changes in soil microbial communities. The co-application of compost and biochar may be a suitable strategy for real world biochar incorporation in highly weathered soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hao Jien
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Kuo
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sen Liao
- Department of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chia WY, Chew KW, Le CF, Lam SS, Chee CSC, Ooi MSL, Show PL. Sustainable utilization of biowaste compost for renewable energy and soil amendments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115662. [PMID: 33254731 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acceleration of urbanization and industrialization has resulted in the drastic rise of waste generation with majority of them being biowaste. This constitutes a global challenge since conventional waste management methods (i.e., landfills) present environmental issues including greenhouse gases emissions, leachate formation and toxins release. A sustainable and effective approach to treat biowaste is through composting. Various aspects of composting such as compost quality, composting systems and compost pelletization are summarized in this paper. Common application of compost as fertilizer or soil amendment is presented with focus on the low adoption level of organic waste compost in reality. Rarely known, compost which is easily combustible can be utilized to generate electricity. With the analysis on critical approaches, this review aims to provide a comprehensive study on energy content of compost pellets, which has never been reviewed before. Environmental impacts and future prospects are also highlighted to provide further insights on application of this technology to close the loop of circular bioeconomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yi Chia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Foh Le
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop) & Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (Bio-D Tropika), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Chelsea Siew Chyi Chee
- Mentari Alam EKO (M) Sdn Bhd (MAEKO), 192, Jalan LP 7/4, Kinrara Uptown, Taman Lestari Perdana, 43300, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mae See Luan Ooi
- Mentari Alam EKO (M) Sdn Bhd (MAEKO), 192, Jalan LP 7/4, Kinrara Uptown, Taman Lestari Perdana, 43300, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu X, Zhou H, Wu B, Fu H. Determination of apple varieties by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy coupled with improved possibilistic Gath–Geva clustering algorithm. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- High‐tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligence of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Haoxiang Zhou
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Information Engineering Chuzhou Polytechnic Chuzhou China
| | - Haijun Fu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guo XX, Liu HT, Zhang J. The role of biochar in organic waste composting and soil improvement: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:884-899. [PMID: 31837554 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of organic wastes, which pose a severe threat to the environment, can be thermally pyrolyzed to produce biochar. Biochar has many potential uses owing to its unique physicochemical properties and attracts increasing attentions. Therefore, this review focuses on the agronomic functions of biochar used as compost additives and soil amendments. As a compost additive, biochar provides multiple benefits including improving composting performance and humification process, enhancing microbial activities, reducing greenhouse gas and NH4 emissions, immobilizing heavy metals and organic pollutants. As a soil amendment, biochar shows a good performance in improving soil properties and plant growth, alleviating drought and salinity stresses, interacting with heavy metals and organic pollutants and changing their fate of being uptaken from soils to plants. Furthermore, combined application of biochar and compost shows a good performance and a high agricultural value when applied to soils. Objectively and undeniably, there are still negative or ineffective cases of biochar amendment on crop yield and heavy metal immobilization, which is worthy of further attention. The medium-long term field monitoring of biochar-specific agricultural functions, as well as the exploration of wider sources for biochar feedstocks, are still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Engineering Laboratory for Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| |
Collapse
|