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Zhou HY, Ding WQ, Zhang X, Zhang HY, Hu ZC, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Fine and combinatorial regulation of key metabolic pathway for enhanced β-alanine biosynthesis with non-inducible Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 38978393 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
β-Alanine is the only β-amino acid in nature and one of the most important three-carbon chemicals. This work was aimed to construct a non-inducible β-alanine producer with enhanced metabolic flux towards β-alanine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. First of all, the assembled E. coli endogenous promoters and 5'-untranslated regions (PUTR) were screened to finely regulate the combinatorial expression of genes panDBS and aspBCG for an optimal flux match between two key pathways. Subsequently, additional copies of key genes (panDBS K104S and ppc) were chromosomally introduced into the host A1. On these bases, dynamical regulation of the gene thrA was performed to reduce the carbon flux directed in the competitive pathway. Finally, the β-alanine titer reached 10.25 g/L by strain A14-R15, 361.7% higher than that of the original strain. Under fed-batch fermentation in a 5-L fermentor, a titer of 57.13 g/L β-alanine was achieved at 80 h. This is the highest titer of β-alanine production ever reported using non-inducible engineered E. coli. This metabolic modification strategy for optimal carbon flux distribution developed in this work could also be used for the production of various metabolic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Zhou
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qing Ding
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Ce Hu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Yang SH, Kim YJ, Yang HR, Park SU, Kim JG, Kim JK. Metabolic Profiling in Plasma and Brain Induced by 17β-Estradiol Supplementation in Ovariectomized Mice. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18212-18223. [PMID: 38680363 PMCID: PMC11044158 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol is an ovarian hormone that regulates energy circulation and storage by acting on the central nervous system. However, the metabolic differences between the blood and brain when stimulated by 17β-estradiol are poorly understood. Moreover, research using menopause-induced models to investigate primary metabolites in the blood and brain is limited. Thus, this study aimed to identify metabolic changes in the plasma and brain resulting from 17β-estradiol supplementation in an estrogen-deficient mouse model. Three groups of mice were utilized: sham-operated mice (Sham), ovariectomized mice (OVX), and ovariectomized mice that received a weekly supplementation of 17β-estradiol (E2). Plasma and brain samples from these mice were subjected to metabolic analysis using gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. Compared with the plasma samples from the Sham and OVX groups, the plasma samples from the E2 group contained higher contents of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), such as valine, isoleucine, and leucine. Meanwhile, the brain samples from the E2 group contained higher contents of most metabolites, including BCAAs, neurotransmitters, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, and fatty acids, than those from the two other groups. This study is the first to reveal differences in energy metabolism induced by 17β-estradiol supplementation through brain metabolic profiling of ovariectomized mice, emphasizing the importance of brain metabolic profiling in menopausal hormone research.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hwi Yang
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Yang
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department
of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division
of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Convergence
Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon
National University, Incheon 22012, Republic
of Korea
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Song P, Zhang X, Wang S, Xu W, Wei F. Advances in the synthesis of β-alanine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1283129. [PMID: 37954018 PMCID: PMC10639138 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1283129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Alanine is the only naturally occurring β-type amino acid in nature, and it is also one of the very promising three-carbon platform compounds that can be applied in cosmetics and food additives and as a precursor in the chemical, pharmaceutical and material fields, with very broad market prospects. β-Alanine can be synthesized through chemical and biological methods. The chemical synthesis method is relatively well developed, but the reaction conditions are extreme, requiring high temperature and pressure and strongly acidic and alkaline conditions; moreover, there are many byproducts that require high energy consumption. Biological methods have the advantages of product specificity, mild conditions, and simple processes, making them more promising production methods for β-alanine. This paper provides a systematic review of the chemical and biological synthesis pathways, synthesis mechanisms, key synthetic enzymes and factors influencing β-alanine, with a view to providing a reference for the development of a highly efficient and green production process for β-alanine and its industrialization, as well as providing a basis for further innovations in the synthesis of β-alanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- Shandong Aobo Biotech Co, Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- Shandong Aobo Biotech Co, Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Feng Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Hu S, Fei M, Fu B, Yu M, Yuan P, Tang B, Yang H, Sun D. Development of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 for β-alanine production by using protein and metabolic engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2277-2288. [PMID: 36929190 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
β-alanine has been used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Although Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is generally considered safe and engineered as living therapeutics, engineering EcN for producing industrial metabolites has rarely been explored. Here, by protein and metabolic engineering, EcN was engineered for producing β-alanine from glucose. First, an aspartate-α-decarboxylase variant ADCK43Y with improved activity was identified and over-expressed in EcN, promoting the titer of β-alanine from an undetectable level to 0.46 g/L. Second, directing the metabolic flux towards L-aspartate increased the titer of β-alanine to 0.92 g/L. Third, the yield of β-alanine was elevated to 1.19 g/L by blocking conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, and further increased to 2.14 g/L through optimizing culture medium. Finally, the engineered EcN produced 11.9 g/L β-alanine in fed-batch fermentation. Our work not only shows the potential of EcN as a valuable industrial platform, but also facilitates production of β-alanine via fermentation. KEY POINTS: • Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was engineered as a β-alanine producing cell factory • Identification of a decarboxylase variant ADCK43Y with improved activity • Directing the metabolic flux to L-ASP and expressing ADCK43Y elevated the titer of β-alanine to 11.9 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyue Fei
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Beibei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjing Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Panhong Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongchang Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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