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Lin H, Liu Y, Zhang L, Yang F, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Qiu Z, Chen H, He D, Zhu Y, Gan L. Mechanism of JNK action in oxidative stress-enhanced gut injury by Clostridium perfringens type A infection. Vet Microbiol 2024; 298:110223. [PMID: 39217890 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In piglets, oxidative stress can exacerbate gut injury caused by pathogens. C-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) is associated with oxidative stress-induced damage to intestinal epithelial barrier. However, it is unclear whether oxidative stress can increase gut injury by Clostridium perfringens type A (CpA) and whether JNK mediates this process. We aimed to investigate if and how the JNK can regulate the effect of oxidative stress on gut injury induced by CpA infection. In this study, the oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 cells was modeled, and the changes in the susceptibility of IPEC-J2 cells to CpA were examined after treatment of oxidative stressed IPEC-J2 cells with JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and JNK siRNA. Pre-injection with the SP600125 solution was also carried out in oxidative stressed mice, followed by CpA infection. Results indicated that compared to that in the Control group, IPEC-J2 cells under oxidative stress showed reduced transmembrane resistance, degraded tight junction (TJ) proteins, increased membrane permeability, and enhanced CpA infection, all of which were reversed by inhibiting or interfering with JNK expression. Similarly, compared to that in the Control group, mice under oxidative stress showed degradation of jejunal TJ proteins, increased intestinal permeability and barrier damage by CpA, while mice pre-injected with the SP600125 solution showed alleviation of these alterations. These results suggested that oxidative stress enhanced the infection of IPEC-J2 cells and the gut injury caused by CpA, which was mediated by JNK. This study provides important insights regarding the mechanism by which oxidative stress enhanced intestinal damage by CpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zhiyun Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Hongyue Chen
- Chongqing General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Daoling He
- Chongqing General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Chongqing General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ling Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
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2
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Wu L, Niu Y, Ren B, Wang S, Song Y, Wang X, Zhao K, Yue Z, Li Y, Gao J. Naringenin Promotes Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice by Impacting the SCF/c-Kit Pathway and Gut Microbiota. Foods 2024; 13:2520. [PMID: 39200447 PMCID: PMC11353455 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NRG) is widely found in citrus fruits and has anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory effects. Previous studies have shown that NRG promotes gastrointestinal motility in mice constipation models, but there are few systematic evaluations of its effects on normal animals. This study first clarified the promotive effects of NRG on gastric emptying and small intestine propulsion (p < 0.01). NRG can also regulate the release of gastrointestinal hormones, including enhancing gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL) (p < 0.01), while reducing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) secretion (p < 0.01). Using NRG to stimulate the isolated stomach, duodenum, and colon showed similar promotive effects to those observed in vivo (p < 0.01). A Western blot analysis indicated that this effect may be mediated by increasing the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor (c-Kit) in these three segments, thus regulating their downstream pathways. It is worth noting that NRG can also increase the proportion of beneficial bacteria (Planococcaceae, Bacteroides acidifaciens, Clostridia_UCG-014) in the intestine and reduce the quantity of harmful bacteria (Staphylococcus). These findings provide a new basis for the application of NRG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianhua Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (L.W.); (Y.N.); (B.R.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.L.)
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3
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Marino M, Rendine M, Venturi S, Porrini M, Gardana C, Klimis-Zacas D, Riso P, Del Bo' C. Red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus) preserves intestinal barrier integrity and reduces oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells exposed to a proinflammatory stimulus. Food Funct 2024; 15:6943-6954. [PMID: 38855989 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01050g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence showed the capacity of (poly)phenols to exert a protective role on intestinal health. Nevertheless, the existing findings are still heterogeneous and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the potential benefits of a red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) powder on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, focusing on its ability to mitigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced intestinal permeability. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (i.e., Caco-2 cells) were used as a model to assess the impact of red raspberry on intestinal permeability, tight junction expression, and oxidative stress. The Caco-2 cells were differentiated into polarized monolayers and treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (10 ng mL-1) for 24 hours, followed by exposure to TNF-α (10 ng mL-1) in the presence or absence of red raspberry extract (1-5 mg mL-1). The integrity of the intestinal monolayer was evaluated using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-D) efflux assay. Markers of intestinal permeability (claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) and oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and protein carbonyl) were assessed using ELISA kits. Treatment with red raspberry resulted in a significant counteraction of TEER value loss (41%; p < 0.01) and a notable reduction in the efflux of FITC-D (-2.5 times; p < 0.01). Additionally, red raspberry attenuated the levels of 8-OHdG (-48.8%; p < 0.01), mitigating the detrimental effects induced by TNF-α. Moreover, red raspberry positively influenced the expression of the integral membrane protein claudin-1 (+18%; p < 0.01), an essential component of tight junctions. These findings contribute to the growing understanding of the beneficial effects of red raspberry in the context of the intestinal barrier. The effect of red raspberry against TNF-α-induced intestinal permeability observed in our in vitro model suggests, for the first time, its potential as a dietary strategy to promote gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Rendine
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Claudio Gardana
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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4
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Maqoud F, Orlando A, Tricarico D, Antonacci M, Di Turi A, Giannelli G, Russo F. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Novel Acetonitrile-Water Extract of Lens Culinaris against LPS-Induced Damage in Caco-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3802. [PMID: 38612611 PMCID: PMC11011527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds like flavonoids preserve intestinal mucosal integrity through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, some flavonoids show prebiotic abilities, promoting the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria. This study investigates the protective impact of Lens culinaris extract (LE), which is abundant in flavonoids, on intestinal mucosal integrity during LPS-induced inflammation. Using Caco-2 cells as a model for the intestinal barrier, the study found that LE did not affect cell viability but played a cytoprotective role in the presence of LPS. LE improved transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and tight junction (TJ) protein levels, which are crucial for barrier integrity. It also countered the upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes TRPA1 and TRPV1 induced by LPS and reduced pro-inflammatory markers like TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-8. Moreover, LE reversed the LPS-induced upregulation of AQP8 and TLR-4 expression. These findings emphasize the potential of natural compounds like LE to regulate the intestinal barrier and reduce inflammation's harmful effects on intestinal cells. More research is required to understand their mechanisms and explore therapeutic applications, especially for gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy; (F.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Antonella Orlando
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy; (F.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70121 Bari, BA, Italy; (D.T.); (M.A.); (A.D.T.)
| | - Marina Antonacci
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70121 Bari, BA, Italy; (D.T.); (M.A.); (A.D.T.)
| | - Annamaria Di Turi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70121 Bari, BA, Italy; (D.T.); (M.A.); (A.D.T.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy;
| | - Francesco Russo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy; (F.M.); (A.O.)
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5
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Lv Z, Meng J, Yao S, Xiao F, Li S, Shi H, Cui C, Chen K, Luo X, Ye Y, Chen C. Naringenin improves muscle endurance via activation of the Sp1-ERRγ transcriptional axis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113288. [PMID: 37874675 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function declines in the aging process or disease; however, until now, skeletal muscle has remained one of the organs most undertreated with medication. In this study, naringenin (NAR) was found to build muscle endurance in wild-type mice of different ages by increasing oxidative myofiber numbers and aerobic metabolism, and it ameliorates muscle dysfunction in mdx mice. The transcription factor Sp1 was identified as a direct target of NAR and was shown to mediate the function of NAR on muscle. Moreover, the binding site of NAR on Sp1 was further validated as GLN-110. NAR enhances the binding of Sp1 to the CCCTGCCCTC sequence of the Esrrg promoter by promoting Sp1 phosphorylation, thus upregulating Esrrg expression. The identification of the Sp1-ERRγ transcriptional axis is of great significance in basic muscle research, and this function of NAR has potential implications for the improvement of muscle function and the prevention of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Lv
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Fu Xiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Drug and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shilong Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoyang Shi
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Drug and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Drug and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Drug and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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6
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Li M, Weigmann B. Effect of a Flavonoid Combination of Apigenin and Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Alleviating Intestinal Inflammation in Experimental Colitis Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16031. [PMID: 38003220 PMCID: PMC10671077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease that leads to severe bowel symptoms and complications. Currently, there is no effective treatment, and the exact cause of IBD remains unclear. In the last decades, numerous studies have confirmed that flavonoids can have a positive impact on the treatment of IBD. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effect of a flavonoid combination of apigenin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on IBD. In vitro studies in which Caco-2 cell monolayers were incubated with different concentrations of flavonoids found that the flavonoid-treated group exhibited increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) at high concentrations, indicating a protective effect on the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. In vivo studies showed that flavonoids significantly attenuated inflammatory levels in both chronic and acute hapten-mediated experimental colitis models in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the level of proinflammatory cytokines in the colon tissue were significantly reduced. Interestingly, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were also dramatically increased. Finally, flavonoids were found to positively modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in the colon. Therefore, a combination of flavonoids could be a promising therapeutic agent for the future adjunctive treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Li
- Department of Medicine 1, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Medicine 1, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Uçar K, Göktaş Z. Biological activities of naringenin: A narrative review based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Nutr Res 2023; 119:43-55. [PMID: 37738874 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavonone) is a phytochemical mainly found in citrus fruits. It is a promising phytochemical for human health because of its beneficial effects. This review aims to present comprehensive information on naringenin biological activities along with its action mechanisms and explain the pharmacokinetic properties of naringenin. This study involves a comprehensive literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies examining the effects of naringenin. Naringenin has antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiobesity, gastroprotective, immunomodulator, cardioprotective, nephroprotective, and neuroprotective properties. These properties are primarily attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The most important antioxidant activities of naringenin including free radical scavenging and preventing lipid peroxidation. Naringenin can increase the concentration of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit metal chelation and various pro-oxidant enzymes. Anti-inflammatory activities of naringenin are associated with decreased mitogen-activated protein kinase activities and nuclear factor kappa B by modulating the expression and release of proinflammatory cytokine and enzymes. In vitro and in vivo studies show that naringenin has promising biological activities for a variety of diseases. More research must be conducted on the bioactivities of naringenin, and to determine its optimum dose. In addition, the efficiency of naringenin must be examined with enhanced bioavailability methods to be able to increase its therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Uçar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Göktaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
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8
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Marino M, Venturi S, Rendine M, Porrini M, Gardana C, Klimis-Zacas D, Del Bo' C, Riso P. Wild blueberry ( V. angustifolium) improves TNFα-induced cell barrier permeability through claudin-1 and oxidative stress modulation in Caco-2 cells. Food Funct 2023; 14:7387-7399. [PMID: 37486007 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links the impairment of intestinal permeability (IP), a feature of the intestinal barrier, to numerous dysmetabolic and dysfunctional conditions. Several host and environmental factors, including dietary factors, can negatively and/or positively affect IP. In this regard, polyphenol-rich foods including berries have been proposed as potential IP modulators. However, the exact mechanisms involved are not yet fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a wild blueberry (WB; V. angustifolium) powder, naturally rich in polyphenols, to affect Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability and to identify the potential mechanisms in modulating the IP process. Caco-2 cells were incubated with TNF-α (10 ng mL-1), as a pro-inflammatory stimulus, and supplemented for 24 hours with different concentrations (1 and 5 mg mL-1) of WB powder. The integrity of the intestinal cell monolayer was evaluated by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran. In addition, the production of the tight junction proteins, such as claudin-1 and occludin, as well as protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine, as oxidative stress markers, were quantified in the supernatant by ELISA kits. Overall, the treatment with WB powder (5 mg mL-1) mitigated the loss of Caco-2 cell barrier integrity, as documented by an increase in TEER and a reduction in FITC values. This modulation was accompanied by an upregulation of claudin-1 and a reduction of 8-OHdG. Conversely, no effect was documented for the lower concentration (1 mg mL-1) and the other IP markers, as well as oxidative stress markers analysed. In conclusion, our findings suggest a potential role of WB in the modulation of cell barrier integrity. This modulation process could be attributed to an increase in claudin-1 expression and a reduction in 8-OHdG. Further studies should be performed to corroborate the results obtained. In addition, since the effects were observed at doses of WB achievable with the diet, these findings should be substantiated also through in vivo approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Rendine
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Claudio Gardana
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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9
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He Y, Sun Z, Bai J, Zhang Y, Qian Y, Zhao X, Chen S. Citrus peel polyphenols alleviate intestinal inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18137. [PMID: 37539135 PMCID: PMC10393610 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus peel polyphenols have possess the distinct anti-inflammatory activities. However, its underlying mechanism on ulcerative colitis have not been elucidated. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and action mechanisms of citrus peel polyphenols. Total citrus peel polyphenols were concentrated using macroporous resins and separated into water-soluble citrus polyphenols and ester-soluble citrus peel polyphenols. These extracts were then gavaged to acute colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium for 14 days using a dose of 300 mg/kg▪bw. High performance liquid chromatography results showed that the extracts contained flavanones, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Compared to the dextran sulfate sodium group, total citrus peel polyphenols, water-soluble citrus polyphenols, and ester-soluble citrus peel polyphenols significantly ameliorated the severity of colitis symptoms. Additionally, citrus peel polyphenols reduced the activity of myeloperoxidase, lowered secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, and increased interleukin-10. Meanwhile, total citrus peel polyphenols, water-soluble citrus polyphenols, and ester-soluble citrus peel polyphenols effectively blocked the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B. These results demonstrated that citrus peel polyphenols alleviated ulcerative colitis in mice by damping pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and suppressing the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing He
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Technology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigao Sun
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Technology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - JunYing Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Technology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Food ScienChongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Food ScienChongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Technology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Yu Y, Li R, Pu L, Pan C, Guo C, Wang X. Citrus tangerine pith extract alleviates hypoxia-induced ileum damage in mice by modulating intestinal microbiota. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37314241 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Visitors to high altitude are susceptible to hypoxia-induced acute intestinal mucosal barrier injury and severe gastrointestinal disorders, which are life-threatening. Citrus tangerine pith extract (CTPE) is rich in pectin and flavonoids and has been proved to enhance intestinal health and improve gut dysbiosis. In this study, we aim to explore the protective effect of CTPE on ileum injury induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in a mouse model. Balb/c mice were divided into blank normoxia (BN), blank hypobaric hypoxia (BH), hypobaric hypoxia plus CTPE (TH), and hypobaric hypoxia plus Rhodiola extract (RH) groups. From the 6th day of gavage, mice in BH, TH, and RH groups were transferred into a hypobaric chamber at a simulated elevation of 6000 m for 8 hours per day for 10 days. Then half the mice were tested for small intestine movement, and others were used to evaluate intestinal physical barrier function, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Results showed that CTPE reversed the increase of intestinal peristalsis, effectively attenuated impaired structural integrity of ileum, improved the mRNA and protein expression levels of tight junction proteins, and reduced serum D-LA content in mice to alleviate hypoxia-induced mucosal barrier damage. Moreover, CTPE supplementation ameliorated hypoxia-induced intestinal inflammation response by significantly downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ. By 16S rDNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota, CTPE significantly increased the abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus, suggesting that CTPE may be used as a prebiotic to regulate ecology of intestinal microorganisms. In addition, Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that changed gut microbiota were significantly correlated with alteration of intestinal barrier function indexes. Taken together, these results indicate that CTPE effectively alleviates hypoxia-induced intestinal injury in mice and enhances intestinal integrity and barrier function by altering intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Ran Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Lingling Pu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Cunyao Pan
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
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11
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Park HY, Yu JH. Hesperidin enhances intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cell monolayers via AMPK-mediated tight junction-related proteins. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:532-544. [PMID: 36700348 PMCID: PMC9989920 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is a single-cell layer on the mucosal surface that absorbs food-derived nutrients and functions as a barrier that protects mucosal integrity. Hesperidin (hesperetin-7-rhamnoglucoside) is a flavanone glycoside composed of the flavanone hesperetin and the disaccharide rutinose, which has various physiological benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic effects. Here, we used human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers to examine the effect of hesperidin on intestinal barrier function. Hesperidin-treated Caco-2 cell monolayers displayed enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, as indicated by an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and a decreased apparent permeability (Papp ) for fluorescein. Hesperidin elevated the mRNA and protein levels of occludin, MarvelD3, JAM-1, claudin-1, and claudin-4, which are encoded by tight junction (TJ)-related genes. Moreover, hesperidin significantly increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), indicating improved intestinal barrier function. Thus, our results suggest that hesperidin enhances intestinal barrier function by increasing the expression of TJ-related occludin, MarvelD3, JAM-1, and claudin-1 via AMPK activation in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Young Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Yu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
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12
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Isosteviol attenuates DSS-induced colitis by maintaining intestinal barrier function through PDK1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109532. [PMID: 36508925 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic debilitating inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that is characterized by intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and excessive activation of the mucosal immune system. Isosteviol (IS) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate effects and mechanisms of IS against intestinal inflammation. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Sham, IS, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and DSS + IS groups. In vivo colitis model was established using 3.0 % DSS. In vitro, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-treated Caco-2 cells were used as an inflammatory model. Clinical characteristics, histological performance, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and intestinal barrier function were measured. In addition, activation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1/protein kinase B/nuclear factor-κB (PDK1/AKT/NF-κB) signaling pathway was determined by western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that IS mitigated DSS-induced colitis by reducing body weight loss, colonic shortening, and disease activity index score, and by inhibiting expressions of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. IS restored impaired barrier function by regulating tight junctions and intestinal epithelial permeability. Furthermore, we found that IS ameliorated intestinal barrier injury by regulating PDK1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that IS attenuates experimental colitis by preserving intestinal barrier function, probably mediated by PDK1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings highlight the potential of IS as a therapeutic agent for IBD.
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In Vitro Effect of Flavonoids on Basophils Degranulation and Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Damage Induced by ω-5 Gliadin-Derived Peptide. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233857. [PMID: 36496664 PMCID: PMC9741160 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, and may alleviate food allergic reactions and intestinal inflammation induced by ω-5 gliadin, a main allergen of wheat food allergy in children. In this study, a human basophil KU812 cell degranulation model and a Caco-2 monolayer cell model were constructed in vitro to evaluate the effects of four flavonoids on the allergenicity of ω-5 gliadin peptides and ω-5 gliadin peptide-induced barrier damage in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial monolayers. The results show that baicalein, luteolin, isorhamnetin and naringenin can significantly inhibit the degranulation of KU812 cells stimulated by ω-5 gliadin-derived peptide P4 and the release of IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, the four flavonoids significantly inhibited the ω-5 gliadin-derived peptide P4 to induce the release of IL-6, IL-8 in Caco-2 cells, inhibited the release of zonulin, and significantly increase the expression of tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 in the Caco-2 cell monolayer. In conclusion, baicalein, luteolin, isorhamnetin and naringenin inhibit degranulation stimulated by wheat allergen and enhance intestinal barrier functions, which supports the potential pharmaceutical application of the four flavonoids treatment for wheat food allergy.
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The effects of citrus flavonoids and their metabolites on immune-mediated intestinal barrier disruption using an in vitro co-culture model. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1917-1926. [PMID: 35086580 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin and naringin are citrus flavonoids with known anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Evidence from previous studies indicates that both these compounds and the metabolites that are formed during intestinal metabolism are able to exert beneficial effects on intestinal barrier function and inflammation. However, so far, studies investigating the relative contributions of the various compounds are lacking. Therefore, we assessed the effect of citrus flavonoids and their intestinal metabolites on immune-mediated barrier disruption in an in vitro co-culture model. Caco-2 cell monolayers were placed in co-culture with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated THP-1-Blue™ NF-κB cells for 30 h. At baseline, the citrus flavonoids and their metabolites were added to the apical compartment (50 or 100 µM per compound). After 24 h, THP-1 cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the basolateral compartment for 6 h. Incubation with citrus flavonoids and their metabolites did not induce changes in transepithelial electrical resistance, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa permeation or gene expression of barrier-related genes for any of the compounds tested. After LPS stimulation, NF-κB activity was significantly inhibited by all compounds (100 µM) except for one metabolite (all P ≤ 0·03). LPS-induced production of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited by most compounds (all P < 0·05). However, levels of IL-1β were increased, which may contribute to the lack of an improved barrier effect. Overall, these results suggest that citrus flavonoids may decrease intestinal inflammation via reduction of NF-κB activity and that the parent compounds and their metabolites formed during intestinal metabolism are able to exert comparable effects.
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Lin C, Zeng Z, Lin Y, Wang P, Cao D, Xie K, Luo Y, Yang H, Yang J, Wang W, Luo L, Lin H, Chen H, Zhao Y, Shi Y, Gao Z, Liu H, Liu SL. Naringenin suppresses epithelial ovarian cancer by inhibiting proliferation and modulating gut microbiota. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154401. [PMID: 36029647 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality among all gynecological malignancies; currently, no effective therapeutics are available for its treatment. Naringenin has been shown to inhibit the progression of various cancers, but its inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of naringenin on ovarian cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cancer cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 and crystal violet assays, and the migration capability was determined by wound healing and transwell assays. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays were employed to determine the expression levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and cyclin D1 in vitro and in vivo, respectively. An ES-2 xenograft nude mouse model was established for the in vivo experiments, and fecal samples were collected for intestinal microbiota analysis by 16S rDNA sequencing. RESULTS Naringenin suppressed the proliferation and migration of A2780 and ES-2 cancer cell lines and downregulated PI3K in vitro. In animal experiments, naringenin treatment significantly decreased the tumor weight and volume, and oral administration exhibited greater effects than intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, naringenin treatment ameliorated the population composition of the microbiota in animals with ovarian cancer and significantly increased the abundances of Alistipes and Lactobacillus. CONCLUSION Naringenin suppresses epithelial ovarian cancer by inhibiting PI3K pathway expression and ameliorating the gut microbiota, and the oral route is more effective than parenteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiji Lin
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yiru Lin
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Danli Cao
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Kaihong Xie
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Chest Hospital, Harbin 150056, China
| | - Jiaming Yang
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenxue Wang
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - LingJie Luo
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huihui Lin
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yufan Zhao
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yongwei Shi
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zixiang Gao
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huidi Liu
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Taxifolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via attenuating NF-kappa B/MLCK pathway in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Latek U, Chłopecka M, Karlik W, Mendel M. Phytogenic Compounds for Enhancing Intestinal Barrier Function in Poultry-A Review. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:218-236. [PMID: 34331305 DOI: 10.1055/a-1524-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
After the European Union ban of antibiotic growth promoters, works on different methods of improving gut health have intensified. The poultry industry is struggling with problems that were previously controlled by antibiotic growth promoters, therefore the search for optimal solutions continues. Simultaneously, there is also increasing social pressure to minimize the use of antibiotics and replace them with alternative feed additives. A variety of available alternatives is considered safe by consumers, among which phytogenics play a significant role. However, there are still some limitations that need to be considered. The most questionable are the issues related to bioavailability, metabolism of plant derivatives in birds, and the difficulty of standardizing commercial products. There is still a need for more evidence-based recommendations for the use of phytogenics in livestock. On the other hand, a positive influence of phytogenic compounds on the health of poultry has been previously described by many researchers and practical application of these compounds has auspicious perspectives in poultry production. Supplementation with phytogenic feed additives has been shown to protect birds from various environmental threats leading to impaired intestinal barrier function. Phytogenic feed additives have the potential to improve the overall structure of intestinal mucosa as well as gut barrier function on a molecular level. Recognition of the phytogenics' effect on the components of the intestinal barrier may enable the selection of the most suitable ones to alleviate negative effects of different agents. This review aims to summarize current knowledge of the influence of various phytogenic constituents on the intestinal barrier and health of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Latek
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chłopecka
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Karlik
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Mendel
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Yue B, Gao R, Lv C, Yu Z, Wang H, Geng X, Wang Z, Dou W. Berberine Improves Irinotecan-Induced Intestinal Mucositis Without Impairing the Anti-colorectal Cancer Efficacy of Irinotecan by Inhibiting Bacterial β-glucuronidase. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:774560. [PMID: 34795594 PMCID: PMC8593678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.774560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT11), a broad-spectrum cytotoxic anticancer agent, induces a series of toxic side-effects. The most conspicuous side-effect is gastrointestinal mucositis, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. A growing body of evidence indicates that bacteria β-glucuronidase (GUS), an enzyme expressed by intestinal microbiota, converts the inactive CPT11 metabolite SN38G to the active metabolite SN38 to ultimately induce intestinal mucositis. We sought to explore the potential efficacy and underlying mechanisms of berberine on CPT11-induced mucositis. Our study showed that berberine (50 mg/kg; i. g.) mitigated the CPT11-induced loss of mucosal architecture, ulceration, and neutrophil infiltration. Meanwhile, berberine improved mucosal barrier function by increasing the number of globlet cells, protecting trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), reducing permeability and increasing tight junction proteins expression. LC-MS analysis showed that berberine decreased the content of SN38 in feces, which correlated with decreases in both GUS activity and GUS-producing bacteria. Further molecular docking and Lineweaver-Burk plots analyses suggested that berberine functions as a potential non-competitive inhibitor against GUS enzyme. Of note, berberine maintained the anti-tumor efficacy of CPT11 in a tumor xenograft model while abrogating the intestinal toxicity of CPT11. Overall, we identified for the first time the remission effects of berberine on intestinal mucositis induced by CPT11 without impairing the anti-colorectal cancer efficacy of CPT11 partially via inhibiting bacterial GUS enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yue
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiyang Gao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilun Yu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Geng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, China
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19
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Fortea M, Albert-Bayo M, Abril-Gil M, Ganda Mall JP, Serra-Ruiz X, Henao-Paez A, Expósito E, González-Castro AM, Guagnozzi D, Lobo B, Alonso-Cotoner C, Santos J. Present and Future Therapeutic Approaches to Barrier Dysfunction. Front Nutr 2021; 8:718093. [PMID: 34778332 PMCID: PMC8582318 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.718093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is converging and increasing evidence, but also uncertainty, for the role of abnormal intestinal epithelial barrier function in the origin and development of a growing number of human gastrointestinal and extraintestinal inflammatory disorders, and their related complaints. Despite a vast literature addressing factors and mechanisms underlying changes in intestinal permeability in humans, and its connection to the appearance and severity of clinical symptoms, the ultimate link remains to be established in many cases. Accordingly, there are no directives or clinical guidelines related to the therapeutic management of intestinal permeability disorders that allow health professionals involved in the management of these patients to carry out a consensus treatment based on clinical evidence. Instead, there are multiple pseudoscientific approaches and commercial propaganda scattered on the internet that confuse those affected and health professionals and that often lack scientific rigor. Therefore, in this review we aim to shed light on the different therapeutic options, which include, among others, dietary management, nutraceuticals and medical devices, microbiota and drugs, and epigenetic and exosomes-manipulation, through an objective evaluation of the scientific publications in this field. Advances in the knowledge and management of intestinal permeability will sure enable better options of dealing with this group of common disorders to enhance quality of life of those affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fortea
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mercé Albert-Bayo
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Abril-Gil
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John-Peter Ganda Mall
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xavier Serra-Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Henao-Paez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elba Expósito
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana María González-Castro
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Danila Guagnozzi
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lobo
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carmen Alonso-Cotoner
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santos
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Panwar S, Sharma S, Tripathi P. Role of Barrier Integrity and Dysfunctions in Maintaining the Healthy Gut and Their Health Outcomes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715611. [PMID: 34630140 PMCID: PMC8497706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surface layers are the critical borders throughout epithelial membranes. These epithelial cells segregate luminal material from external environments. However, mucosal linings are also accountable for absorbing nutrients and requiring specific barrier permeability. These functional acts positioned the mucosal epithelium at the epicenter of communications concerning the mucosal immune coordination and foreign materials, such as dietary antigens and microbial metabolites. Current innovations have revealed that external stimuli can trigger several mechanisms regulated by intestinal mucosal barrier system. Crucial constituents of this epithelial boundary are physical intercellular structures known as tight junctions (TJs). TJs are composed of different types transmembrane proteins linked with cytoplasmic adaptors which helps in attachment to the adjacent cells. Disruption of this barrier has direct influence on healthy or diseased condition, as barrier dysfunctions have been interrelated with the initiation of inflammation, and pathogenic effects following metabolic complications. In this review we focus and overview the TJs structure, function and the diseases which are able to influence TJs during onset of disease. We also highlighted and discuss the role of phytochemicals evidenced to enhance the membrane permeability and integrity through restoring TJs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Panwar
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhanshu Tripathi
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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Yokoo K, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Ammonia impairs tight junction barriers by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in Caco-2 cells. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21854. [PMID: 34597422 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100758r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia is one of the major metabolites produced by intestinal microorganisms; however, its role in intestinal homeostasis is poorly understood. The present study investigated the regulation of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins by ammonia and the underlying mechanisms in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Ammonia (15, 30, and 60 mM) increased the permeability of the cells in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by reduced transepithelial electrical resistance and increased dextran flux. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the ammonia-induced increase in TJ permeability reduced the membrane localization of TJ proteins such as zonula occludens (ZO)1, ZO2, occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-3. DNA microarray analysis identified a biological pathway "response to reactive oxygen species" enriched by ammonia treatment, indicating the induction of oxidative stress in the cells. Ammonia treatment also increased the malondialdehyde content and decreased the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. Meanwhile, ammonia treatment-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as indicated by the downregulation of genes associated with the electron transport chain, reduction of the cellular ATP, NADH, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate content, and suppression of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In contrast, N-acetyl cysteine reversed the ammonia-induced impairment of TJ permeability and structure without affecting the mitochondrial parameters. Collectively, ammonia impaired the TJ barrier by increasing oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. A mitochondrial dysfunction is possibly an event preceding ammonia-induced oxidative stress. The findings of this study could potentially improve our understanding of the interplay between intestinal microorganisms and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Yokoo
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.,Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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22
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Mayangsari Y, Okudaira M, Mano C, Tanaka Y, Ueda O, Sakuta T, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone enhances barrier function by increasing occludin and reducing claudin-2 in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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The Role of Polyphenols in Regulation of Heat Shock Proteins and Gut Microbiota in Weaning Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6676444. [PMID: 34531940 PMCID: PMC8440081 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is the natural residents of the intestinal ecosystem which display multiple functions that provide beneficial effects on host physiology. Disturbances in gut microbiota in weaning stress are regulated by the immune system and oxidative stress-related protein pathways. Weaning stress also alters gut microbiota response, limits digestibility, and influences animal productive performance through the production of inflammatory molecules. Heat shock proteins are the molecular chaperones that perform array functions from physiological to pathological point of view and remodeling cellular stress response. As it is involved in the defense mechanism, polyphenols ensure cellular tolerance against enormous stimuli. Polyphenols are nature-blessed compounds that show their existence in plenty of amounts. Due to their wider availability and popularity, they can exert strong immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Their promising health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in different cellular and animal studies. Dietary interventions with polyphenols may alter the gut microbiome response and attenuate the weaning stress related to inflammation. Further, polyphenols elicit health-favored effects through ameliorating inflammatory processes to improve digestibility and thereby exert a protective effect on animal production. Here, in this article, we will expand the role of dietary polyphenol intervention strategies in weaning stress which perturbs gut microbiota function and also paid emphasis to heat shock proteins in gut health. This review article gives new direction to the feed industry to formulate diet containing polyphenols which would have a significant impact on animal health.
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Mayangsari Y, Sugimachi N, Xu W, Mano C, Tanaka Y, Ueda O, Sakuta T, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. 3,5,7,3',4'-Pentamethoxyflavone Enhances the Barrier Function through Transcriptional Regulation of the Tight Junction in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10174-10183. [PMID: 34449209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal tight junction (TJ) barrier plays a pivotal role in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. This study investigated the effects of 3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF), a major polymethoxyflavone found in black ginger, on TJ barrier regulation using intestinal Caco-2 cells. PMF treatment enhanced the TJ barrier integrity in Caco-2 cells, indicated by increased transepithelial electrical resistance (control, 1261 ± 36 Ω·cm2; 100 μM PMF, 1383 ± 55 Ω·cm2 at 48 h, p < 0.05) and decreased permeability to fluorescein-conjugated dextran (control, 24.2 ± 1.8 pmol/(cm2 × h); 100 μM PMF, 18.6 ± 1.0 pmol/(cm2 × h), p < 0.05). Immunoblot analysis revealed that PMF increased the cytoskeletal association and cellular expression of the TJ proteins, zonula occludens-1, claudin-3, and claudin-4 (e.g., occludin; control, 1.00 ± 0.2; 100 μM PMF, 3.69 ± 0.86 at 48 h, p < 0.05). Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis and a luciferase promoter assay showed that PMF enhanced the transcription of occludin, claudin-3, and claudin-4. The promoter assay with site-directed mutagenesis indicated that PMF-induced occludin and claudin-3 transcription was mediated by transcription factors, KLF5 and EGR1, respectively, while PMF activated claudin-4 transcription through GATA1 and AP1. Taken together, the transcriptional regulation of TJ proteins is involved in PMF-mediated promotion of the intestinal barrier in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunika Mayangsari
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Flora No 1, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Natsumi Sugimachi
- School of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Wenxi Xu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Mano
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama 220-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama 220-0011, Japan
| | - Osamu Ueda
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama 220-0011, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sakuta
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama 220-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Suzuki
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama 220-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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Guo M, Xu W, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Curcumin increases heat shock protein 70 expression via different signaling pathways in intestinal epithelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 707:108938. [PMID: 34051214 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is associated with the integrity of the intestinal epithelium, which forms a physical barrier against noxious luminal substances. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A (HSP70), a molecular chaperon that exerts a cytoprotective effect, regulates intestinal integrity. This study investigated the modulation of HSP70 expression by dietary polyphenols, with particular reference to curcumin, in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that among the 21 different polyphenols tested, curcumin most potently increased HSP70 levels in Caco-2 cells without affecting cell viability. Curcumin also increased the phosphorylation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a well-known transcription factor of HSP70. Promoter and qRT-PCR assays indicated that curcumin upregulated Hspa1a levels via transcriptional activation. Pharmacological inhibition of MEK, a mechanistic target of rapamycin, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidyl 3-inositol kinase suppressed curcumin-mediated HSP70 expression, whereas HSF1 phosphorylation was sensitive only to MEK inhibition. Taken together, curcumin increases the expression of HSP70 in intestinal Caco-2 cells via transcriptional activation, possibly enhancing cell integrity. The effects exerted by curcumin are regulated by various signaling pathways. Our findings will expectedly contribute to a deeper understanding of the regulation of intestinal HSP70 by dietary components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzu Guo
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Wenxi Xu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan; Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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26
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Deng C, Yi R, Fei M, Li T, Han Y, Wang H. Naringenin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress, reduces apoptosis, and improves functional recovery in experimental traumatic brain injury. Brain Res 2021; 1769:147591. [PMID: 34324877 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of disability and death worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress would be an important component in the pathogenesis of TBI. Although the neuroprotective effects of naringenin, a natural flavonoid isolated from citrus plants, have been confirmed in several neurological diseases, its mechanism of action in TBI needs further investigation. In ICR mice, we found that TBI induced elevated expression of ER stress marker proteins, including 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in the perilesional cortex, which peaked at 7 days and 3 days after TBI, respectively. The induction of ER stress-related proteins partly coincided with ER architectural changes at 3 days post-TBI, indicating ER stress activation in our TBI model. Our results also revealed that continuous naringenin administration ameliorated neurological dysfunction, cerebral edema, plasmalemma permeability, and neuron cell loss at day 3 after TBI. Further, Naringenin suppressed TBI-induced activation of the ER stress pathway (p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP), oxidative stress and apoptosis on day 3 after TBI. In summary, our data suggest that naringenin could ameliorate TBI-induced secondary brain injury by pleiotropic effects, including ER stress attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Renxin Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University, School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Maoxing Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Yanling Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China.
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27
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Ganesan K, Quiles JL, Daglia M, Xiao J, Xu B. Dietary phytochemicals modulate intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and autoimmune diseases. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Program BNU–HKBU United International College Zhuhai China
- The School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - José L. Quiles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú,” Department of Physiology Biomedical Research Center University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology University of Vigo Vigo Pontevedra E‐36310 Spain
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program BNU–HKBU United International College Zhuhai China
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28
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Liang B, Zhong Y, Huang Y, Lin X, Liu J, Lin L, Hu M, Jiang J, Dai M, Wang B, Zhang B, Meng H, Lelaka JJJ, Sui H, Yang X, Huang Z. Underestimated health risks: polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics jointly induce intestinal barrier dysfunction by ROS-mediated epithelial cell apoptosis. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:20. [PMID: 34098985 PMCID: PMC8186235 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micro- and nanoplastic pollution has become a global environmental problem. Nanoplastics in the environment are still hard to detect because of analysis technology limitations. It is believed that when microplastics are found in the environment, more undetected nanoplastics are around. The current “microplastic exposure” is in fact the mixture of micro- and nanoplastic exposures. Therefore, the biological interaction between organisms among different sizes of micro- and nanoplastics should not be neglected. Results We measured the biodistribution of three polystyrene (PS) particles (50 nm PS, PS50; 500 nm PS, PS500; 5000 nm PS, PS5000) under single and co-exposure conditions in mice. We explored the underlying mechanisms by investigating the effects on three major components of the intestinal barrier (the mucus layer, tight junctions and the epithelial cells) in four intestine segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon) of mice. We found that the amounts of both PS500 and PS5000 increased when they were co-exposed with PS50 for 24 h in the mice. These increased amounts were due primarily to the increased permeability in the mouse intestines. We also confirmed there was a combined toxicity of PS50 and PS500 in the mouse intestines. This manifested as the mixture of PS50 and PS500 causing more severe dysfunction of the intestinal barrier than that caused by PS50 or PS500 alone. We found that the combined toxicity of PS micro- and nanoplastics on intestinal barrier dysfunction was caused primarily by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated epithelial cell apoptosis in the mice. These findings were further confirmed by an oxidants or antioxidants pretreatment study. In addition, the combined toxicity of PS micro- and nanoplastics was also found in the mice after a 28-day repeated dose exposure. Conclusions There is a combined toxicity of PS50 and PS500 in the mouse intestines, which was caused primarily by ROS-mediated epithelial cell apoptosis in the mice. Considering that most recent studies on PS micro- and nanoplastics have been conducted using a single particle size, the health risks of exposure to PS micro- and nanoplastics on organisms may be underestimated. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00414-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Liang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Yizhou Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Yuji Huang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Manjiang Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Junying Jiang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Dai
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, 310051, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Bingli Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Hao Meng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Jesse Justin J Lelaka
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Haixia Sui
- Division III of risk assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100022, PR China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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King MA, Rollo I, Baker LB. Nutritional considerations to counteract gastrointestinal permeability during exertional heat stress. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1754-1765. [PMID: 33955260 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00072.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal barrier integrity and function are compromised during exertional heat stress (EHS) potentially leading to consequences that range from minor gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances to fatal outcomes in exertional heat stroke or septic shock. This mini-review provides a concise discussion of nutritional interventions that may protect against intestinal permeability during EHS and suggests physiological mechanisms responsible for this protection. Although diverse nutritional interventions have been suggested to be protective against EHS-induced GI permeability, the ingestion of certain amino acids, carbohydrates, and fluid per se is potentially effective strategy, whereas evidence for various polyphenols and pre/probiotics is developing. Plausible physiological mechanisms of protection include increased blood flow, epithelial cell proliferation, upregulation of intracellular heat shock proteins, modulation of inflammatory signaling, alteration of the GI microbiota, and increased expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins. Further clinical research is needed to propose specific nutritional candidates and recommendations for their application to prevent intestinal barrier disruption and elucidate mechanisms during EHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A King
- Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo R&D Life Sciences, Barrington, Illinois
| | - Ian Rollo
- Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo R&D Life Sciences, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay B Baker
- Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo R&D Life Sciences, Barrington, Illinois
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30
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Citrus limon Peel Powder Reduces Intestinal Barrier Defects and Inflammation in a Colitic Murine Experimental Model. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020240. [PMID: 33503995 PMCID: PMC7912126 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the ameliorative effects of lemon (Citrus limon) peel (LP) powder on intestinal inflammation and barrier defects in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitic mice. The whole LP powder was fractionated into methanol (MetOH) extract and its extraction residue (MetOH residue), which were rich in polyphenolic compounds and dietary fibers, respectively. Mice were fed diets containing whole LP powder, MetOH extract, and MetOH residue for 16 d. DSS administration for 9 d induced bodyweight loss, reduced colon length, reduced the colonic expression of tight junction proteins including zonula occludens-1 and -2, and claudin-3 and -7, and upregulated colonic mRNA expression of interleukin 6, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2. Feeding LP powder restored these abnormalities, and the MetOH residue, but not MetOH extract, also showed similar restorations. Feeding LP powder and MetOH residue increased fecal concentrations of acetate and n-butyrate. Taken together, LP powder reduced intestinal damage through the protection of tight junction barriers and suppressed an inflammatory reaction in colitic mice. These results suggest that acetate and n-butyrate produced from the microbial metabolism of dietary fibers in LP powder contributed to reducing colitis.
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Nakashima M, Hisada M, Goda N, Tenno T, Kotake A, Inotsume Y, Kameoka I, Hiroaki H. Opposing Effect of Naringenin and Quercetin on the Junctional Compartment of MDCK II Cells to Modulate the Tight Junction. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113285. [PMID: 33120983 PMCID: PMC7693399 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining tight junction (TJ) integrity is important for epithelial cell barriers. Previously, the enhancement of TJ integrity, induced by citrus-derived flavonoids, naringin (NRG) and hesperidin (HSD), was demonstrated, but the effects of their aglycones naringenin (NAR) and hesperetin (HST), and the mechanisms, have not been systematically investigated. Here we compared three series of flavonoids related to NAR, HST, quercetin (QUE) and their glycosides with the Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) II cell monolayers. The effect of flavonoids on the protein expression level of claudin (CLD)-2 and its subcellular localization were investigated. NAR, NRG, and HSD increased the CLD-2 localization at the TJ compartment, and its protein expression level. QUE and HST showed TJ-mitigating activity. Narirutin (NRT), neohesperidin (NHD) and rutin (RUT) did not affect the TJ. In addition, NAR and QUE induced an increase or decrease of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values of the MDCK II monolayers. Two known signaling pathways, phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), were further compared with NAR. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide electrophoresis (2D PAGE) analysis of whole-cell proteins treated with NAR, AICA-riboside (AMPK activator) and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) showed in both a distinct pattern. This suggests the target of NAR’s CLD-2 or zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) modulation was unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Nakashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; (M.N.); (M.H.); (N.G.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Misaki Hisada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; (M.N.); (M.H.); (N.G.); (T.T.)
| | - Natsuko Goda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; (M.N.); (M.H.); (N.G.); (T.T.)
| | - Takeshi Tenno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; (M.N.); (M.H.); (N.G.); (T.T.)
- BeCerllBar, LLC., Business Incubation Building, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kotake
- Cosmetics Research Department, Nicca Chemical Co. Ltd., Fukui 910-8670, Japan; (A.K.); (Y.I.); (I.K.)
| | - Yuko Inotsume
- Cosmetics Research Department, Nicca Chemical Co. Ltd., Fukui 910-8670, Japan; (A.K.); (Y.I.); (I.K.)
| | - Ikuo Kameoka
- Cosmetics Research Department, Nicca Chemical Co. Ltd., Fukui 910-8670, Japan; (A.K.); (Y.I.); (I.K.)
| | - Hidekazu Hiroaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; (M.N.); (M.H.); (N.G.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- BeCerllBar, LLC., Business Incubation Building, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-789-4535
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Che SY, Yuan JW, Zhang L, Ruan Z, Sun XM, Lu H. Puerarin prevents epithelial tight junction dysfunction induced by ethanol in Caco-2 cell model. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Suzuki T. Regulation of the intestinal barrier by nutrients: The role of tight junctions. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13357. [PMID: 32219956 PMCID: PMC7187240 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) play an important role in intestinal barrier function. TJs in intestinal epithelial cells are composed of different junctional molecules, such as claudin and occludin, and regulate the paracellular permeability of water, ions, and macromolecules in adjacent cells. One of the most important roles of the TJ structure is to provide a physical barrier to luminal inflammatory molecules. Impaired integrity and structure of the TJ barrier result in a forcible activation of immune cells and chronic inflammation in different tissues. According to recent studies, the intestinal TJ barrier could be regulated, as a potential target, by dietary factors to prevent and reduce different inflammatory disorders, although the precise mechanisms underlying the dietary regulation remain unclear. This review summarizes currently available information on the regulation of the intestinal TJ barrier by food components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.,Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Hisada M, Hiranuma M, Nakashima M, Goda N, Tenno T, Hiroaki H. High dose of baicalin or baicalein can reduce tight junction integrity by partly targeting the first PDZ domain of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173436. [PMID: 32745606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) is the apical-most intercellular junction complex, serving as a biological barrier of intercellular spaces between epithelial cells. The TJ's integrity is maintained by a key protein-protein interaction between C-terminal motifs of claudins (CLDs) and the postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95)/discs large/zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1; PDZ) domains of ZO-1. Weak but direct interaction of baicalin and its aglycon, baicalein-which are pharmacologically active components of Chinese skullcap (Radix scutellariae)-with ZO-1(PDZ1) have been observed in NMR experiments. Next, we observed TJ-mitigating activity of these flavonoids against Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) II cells with the downregulation of subcellular localization of CLD-2 at TJs. Meanwhile, baicalein-but not baicalin-induced a slender morphological change of MDCK cells' shape from their normal cobblestone-like shapes. Since baicalin and baicalein did not induce a localization change of occludin (OCLN), a "partial" epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by these flavonoids was considered. SB431542, an ALK-5 inhibitor, reversed the CLD-2 downregulation of both baicalin and baicalein, while SB431542 did not reverse the slender morphology. In contrast, the MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 reversed the slender shape change. Thus, in addition to inhibition of the ZO-1-CLD interaction, activation of both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and MEK/ERK signaling pathways have been suggested to be involved in TJ reduction by these flavonoids. Finally, we demonstrated that baicalin enhanced the permeability of fluorescence-labeled insulin via the paracellular pathway of the Caco-2 cell layer. We propose that baicalin, baicalein, and Radix scutellariae extract are useful as drug absorption enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Hisada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Minami Hiranuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mio Nakashima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Natsuko Goda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tenno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan; BeCerllBar, LLC., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Hiroaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Japan; BeCerllBar, LLC., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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Ben Lagha A, Andrian E, Grenier D. Resveratrol attenuates the pathogenic and inflammatory properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2020; 34:118-130. [PMID: 30950227 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis has been strongly associated with chronic periodontitis, which affects tooth-supporting tissues. This Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium produces a repertoire of virulence factors that modulate tissue destruction directly or indirectly by the induction of inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol, a major polyphenol found in grapes and wine, on the growth and virulence properties of P. gingivalis as well as on gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity and the host inflammatory response. Resveratrol exhibited antibacterial activity that may result from damage to the bacterial cell membrane. Resveratrol also killed a pre-formed P. gingivalis biofilm and reduced bacterial adherence to matrix proteins. In addition, resveratrol had a protective effect on the integrity of the keratinocyte tight junctions by inhibiting its breakdown by P. gingivalis. This may be related to the ability of resveratrol to inhibit the protease activities of P. gingivalis. Lastly, resveratrol reduced P. gingivalis-mediated activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and attenuated TREM-1 gene expression as well as soluble TREM-1 secretion in monocytes. The effect on NF-κB activation likely results from the ability of resveratrol to act as a PPAR-γ agonist. In summary, the antibacterial, anti-adherence, and antiprotease properties of resveratrol, as well as its ability to protect the gingival keratinocyte barrier and attenuate the inflammatory response in monocytes suggest that it may be a promising novel therapeutic agent for treating periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ben Lagha
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Elisoa Andrian
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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36
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Iniguez AB, Zhu MJ. Hop bioactive compounds in prevention of nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1900-1913. [PMID: 32462886 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1767537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases (NR-NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes both negatively impact the quality of life of many individuals and generate a substantial burden on society, demonstrating a need for intervention. Phytochemicals are investigated as a potential approach for combating NR-NCDs, and those found in hops have gained increased attention in recent decades. Hops, the strobile of the plant Humulus lupulus, are grown primarily for the brewing industry as they confer taste and increased shelf-life. The bitter acids represent the main compounds of interest for improving beer quality. Additionally, bitter acids as well as the prenylated chalcone xanthohumol, exhibit a wide range of health beneficial properties. This review summarizes those beneficial effects of bitter acids and xanthohumol on NR-NCDs, including inflammatory and immune diseases, obesity and metabolic disorders, as well as cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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37
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Meoli L, Günzel D. Channel functions of claudins in the organization of biological systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183344. [PMID: 32442419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Claudins are tight junction proteins mostly appreciated in their function of paracellular barrier-formation. Compared to a virtual absence of any tight junctions, their paracellular sealing role certainly stands out. Yet, it was recognized immediately after the discovery of the first claudins, that some members of the claudin protein family were able to convey size and charge selectivity to the paracellular pathway. Thus, paracellular permeability can be fine-tuned according to the physiological needs of a tissue by inserting these channel-forming claudins into tight junction strands. Precise permeability adjustment is further suggested by the presence of numerous isoforms of channel-forming claudins (claudin-10b-, -15-, -16-like isoforms) in various vertebrate taxa. Moreover, their expression and localization are controlled by multiple transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms. Consequently, mutation or dysregulation of channel-forming claudins can cause severe diseases. The present review therefore aims at providing an up-to-date report of the current research on these aspects of channel-forming claudins and their possible implications on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Meoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Institute of Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
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38
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Sharma S, Tripathi P, Sharma J, Dixit A. Flavonoids modulate tight junction barrier functions in hyperglycemic human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Nutrition 2020; 78:110792. [PMID: 32473529 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease requiring lifelong medical attention. With hundreds of millions suffering worldwide and a rapidly rising incidence, diabetes mellitus poses a great burden on health care systems. Recent studies investigating the underlying mechanisms involved in disease development in diabetes point to the role of the dysregulation of the intestinal barrier. Hyperglycemia-mediated tight junction deformity is known to contribute to leaky gut in various metabolic disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress on intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier functions in hyperglycemia. Because many flavonoids are known to influence the cellular redox state, exploring these flavonoids may help to understand the role of TJ barrier in hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, which in turn might unfold the association of oxidative stress and dysfunction of barrier-forming TJs. METHODS Caco-2 cells were stimulated with high glucose (HG), with or without flavonoids (quercetin, morin, naringenin), for 24 h. We determined cellular viability, levels of reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial membrane potential in flavonoids treated HG-Caco-2 cells. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, glucose uptake, and expression of glucose transporters were determined on flavonoids treatment. We investigated the effect of flavonoids on TJs functions by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (a TJ integrity marker), membrane permeability using tracer compounds, and the expressions levels of TJs related molecules on hyperglycemic Caco-2 cell monolayers. RESULTS We found that high glucose treatment resulted in reduced cell viability, increased reactive oxygen species production, measurable mitochondrial dysfunction, and decreased transepithelial electrical resistance, with increased membrane permeability. Treatment with the test flavonoids produced increased cell viability and reduced glucose uptake of HG-Caco-2 cells. A concomitant decrease in reactive oxygen species production, proinflammatory cytokines, and Glut-associated genes and proteins were identified with flavonoid treatment. Flavonoids prevented derangement of TJs protein interaction and stabilized membrane permeability. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that flavonoids confer protection against hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and enhance intestinal barrier functions by modulating underlying intracellular molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhanshu Tripathi
- Translational Health Science, and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Jeetesh Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Dixit
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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Bernardi S, Del Bo' C, Marino M, Gargari G, Cherubini A, Andrés-Lacueva C, Hidalgo-Liberona N, Peron G, González-Dominguez R, Kroon P, Kirkup B, Porrini M, Guglielmetti S, Riso P. Polyphenols and Intestinal Permeability: Rationale and Future Perspectives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1816-1829. [PMID: 31265272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links intestinal permeability (IP), a feature of the intestinal barrier, to several pathological or dysfunctional conditions. Several host and environmental factors, including dietary factors, can affect the maintenance of normal IP. In this regard, food bioactives, such as polyphenols, have been proposed as potential IP modulators, even if the mechanisms involved are not yet fully elucidated. The aim of the present paper is to provide a short overview of the main evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies supporting the role of polyphenols in modulating IP and briefly discuss future perspectives in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bernardi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro di Ricerca per l'Invecchiamento , Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)-l'Istituto Nazionale Ricovero e Cura Anziani (INRCA) , 60127 Ancona , Italy
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Raúl González-Dominguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Paul Kroon
- Quadram Institute Bioscience , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ , United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Kirkup
- Quadram Institute Bioscience , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ , United Kingdom
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , Università degli Studi di Milano , 20122 Milan , Italy
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40
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Wang X, Li L, Zhang G. A proteomic study on the protective effect of kaempferol pretreatment against deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in a Caco-2 cell model. Food Funct 2020; 11:7266-7279. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol pretreatment improved the intestinal barrier dysfunction caused by deoxynivalenol through PKA and MAPK/ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Genyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
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41
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Beneficial and detrimental effects of the phytochemical naringenin on rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Stevens Y, Rymenant EV, Grootaert C, Camp JV, Possemiers S, Masclee A, Jonkers D. The Intestinal Fate of Citrus Flavanones and Their Effects on Gastrointestinal Health. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071464. [PMID: 31252646 PMCID: PMC6683056 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus flavanones, with hesperidin and naringin as the most abundant representatives, have various beneficial effects, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Evidence also indicates that they may impact the intestinal microbiome and are metabolized by the microbiota as well, thereby affecting their bioavailability. In this review, we provide an overview on the current evidence on the intestinal fate of hesperidin and naringin, their interaction with the gut microbiota, and their effects on intestinal barrier function and intestinal inflammation. These topics will be discussed as they may contribute to gastrointestinal health in various diseases. Evidence shows that hesperidin and naringin are metabolized by intestinal bacteria, mainly in the (proximal) colon, resulting in the formation of their aglycones hesperetin and naringenin and various smaller phenolics. Studies have also shown that citrus flavanones and their metabolites are able to influence the microbiota composition and activity and exert beneficial effects on intestinal barrier function and gastrointestinal inflammation. Although the exact underlying mechanisms of action are not completely clear and more research in human subjects is needed, evidence so far suggests that citrus flavanones as well as their metabolites have the potential to contribute to improved gastrointestinal function and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yala Stevens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 85, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Evelien Van Rymenant
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Research Group Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Research Group Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Research Group Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Adrian Masclee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daisy Jonkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Nie M, Liu C, Jiang N, Liu C, Li D. Citrus Flavanones Enhance β-Carotene Uptake in Vitro Experiment Using Caco-2 Cell: Structure-Activity Relationship and Molecular Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4280-4288. [PMID: 30907592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids can interfere with the absorption of carotenoids. In this study, the inherent mechanisms of 12 citrus flavanones for β-carotene (Bc) cellular uptake and the structure-activity relationship were investigated. The results showed that multiple hydroxyl groups had the lowest promoting effect. O-Glycosylation at C7 of the A ring led to the greatest promoting effect on Bc absorption. O-Glycosylation at C7 exhibited a strong affinity with the cell membrane and subsequently fluidized the cell membrane. Aglycon molecules significantly induced transient increases of paracellular permeability by decreasing tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1) expression. In addition, citrus flavanones might enhance scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) expression via their actions as agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). Catechol structure in the B-ring attenuated the activate action of SR-BI expression. The structure-dependent membrane permeability and activation of specific membrane proteins are mechanistically associated with the promoting effect on Bc cellular uptake by citrus flavanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Zhang
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Meimei Nie
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
- College of Food and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Chunquan Liu
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Chunju Liu
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Dajing Li
- Institute of Agro-product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
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Chaen Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Naringenin promotes recovery from colonic damage through suppression of epithelial tumor necrosis factor–α production and induction of M2-type macrophages in colitic mice. Nutr Res 2019; 64:82-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kurose Y, Minami J, Sen A, Iwabuchi N, Abe F, Xiao J, Suzuki T. Bioactive factors secreted by Bifidobacterium breve B-3 enhance barrier function in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:89-100. [PMID: 30353739 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier function is closely related to intestinal health and diseases. Recent studies demonstrate that some probiotic and commensal bacteria secrete metabolites that are capable of affecting the intestinal functions. The present study examined an enhancing effect of bioactive factors secreted by Bifidobacterium breve strain B-3 on the intestinal tight junction (TJ) barrier integrity in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Administration of conditioned medium obtained from B. breve strain B-3 (B3CM) to Caco-2 cells for 24 h increased trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TER), a TJ barrier indicator, across their monolayers. Immunoblot, immunofluorescence, and qPCR analyses demonstrated that B3CM increased an integral TJ protein, claudin-4 expression. In luciferase reporter assay, the administration of B3CM enhanced the claudin-4 promoter activity, indicating the transcriptional upregulation of claudin-4. Site-directed mutation of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) binding sites in the claudin-4 promoter sequence and suppression of Sp1 expression by siRNA technology clearly reduced the enhancing effect of B3CM on claudin-4 promoter activity. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry detected a significant amount of acetic acid in B3CM (28.3 mM). The administration of acetic acid to Caco-2 cells partially mimicked a B3CM-mediated increase in TER, but failed to increase claudin-4 expression. Taken together, bioactive factors secreted by B. breve B-3 enhanced the TJ barrier integrity in intestinal Caco-2 cells. Transcriptional regulation of claudin-4 through Sp1 is at least in part one of the underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, acetic acid contributes to the B3CM-mediated barrier effect independently of claudin-4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurose
- 1 Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - J Minami
- 2 Food Ingredients & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - A Sen
- 2 Food Ingredients & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - N Iwabuchi
- 2 Food Ingredients & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - F Abe
- 2 Food Ingredients & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - J Xiao
- 3 Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - T Suzuki
- 1 Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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Wang X, Li L, Zhang G. Impact of deoxynivalenol and kaempferol on expression of tight junction proteins at different stages of Caco-2 cell proliferation and differentiation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34607-34616. [PMID: 35529998 PMCID: PMC9073856 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06222j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of tight junction proteins in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells was investigated after treatment by the mycotoxin of deoxynivalenol and phenolic compound of kaempferol in different stages of proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Genyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
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Kawabata A, Van Hung T, Nagata Y, Fukuda N, Suzuki T. Citrus kawachiensis Peel Powder Reduces Intestinal Barrier Defects and Inflammation in Colitic Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10991-10999. [PMID: 30277770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effect of Citrus kawachiensis peel powder was examined in a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitic mice. In addition to the whole powder, its ethanol extract rich in polyphenolic compounds and ethanol extraction residue rich in dietary fibers were used. The whole powder ameliorated the DSS-induced body weight loss (body weight changes on day 9, Control 108 ± 2, DSS 91 ± 4, DSS+whole peel powder 106 ± 1%, p < 0.05), colon shortening (colon length, Control 5.0 ± 0.1, DSS 3.9 ± 0.1, DSS+whole peel powder 4.7 ± 0.1 cm, p < 0.05), increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, Control 1.0 ± 0.1, DSS 22.2 ± 5.8, DSS+whole peel powder 4.3 ± 1.5 arbitrary unit, p < 0.05), and decreased expression of colonic tight junctions (TJs) (e.g., occludin, Control 1.00 ± 0.07, DSS 0.21 ± 0.07, DSS+whole peel powder 0.70 ± 0.06 arbitrary unit, p < 0.05). The resolution of abnormalities barring the decreased expression of zonula occludens-2, junctional adhesion molecule-A, and claudin-7 by the extraction residue was comparable to that achieved using the powder (body weight change 107 ± 1%; colon length 4.7 ± 0.1 cm; TNF-α 4.1 ± 0.7; occludin 0.58 ± 0.06 arbitrary unit, p < 0.05). The ethanol extract alone did not have any influence on these abnormalities (body weight change 94 ± 2%; colon length 4.1 ± 0.1 cm; TNF-α 40.5 ± 9.0 arbitrary unit; occludin 0.18 ± 0.02 arbitrary unit, p < 0.05). The powder and ethanol extraction residue, but not ethanol extract, increased fecal acetic acid concentration (Control 4.9 ± 0.6, DSS 5.0 ± 0.9, DSS+whole peel powder 8.8 ± 1.8, DSS+ethanol extract 5.3 ± 0.8, DSS+ethanol extraction residue 12.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L, p < 0.05). Taken together, DFs in the ethanol extraction residue largely contributed to the peel powder-mediated reduction of TJ barrier defect and inflammation in colitic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayami Kawabata
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science , Hiroshima University , 1-4-4 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528 , Japan
| | - Tran Van Hung
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science , Hiroshima University , 1-4-4 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528 , Japan
- Ho Chi Minh University of Food Industry , 140 Le Trong Tan, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District , Ho Chi Minh 700000 , Vietnam
| | - Yoko Nagata
- Food Industrial Technolegy Center , Ehime Institute of Industrial Technology , 487-2, Kume-Kubotamachi , Matsuyama 791-1101 , Japan
| | - Naohiro Fukuda
- Department of Planning and Development , Ehime Institute of Industrial Technology , 487-2, Kume-Kubotamachi , Matsuyama 791-1101 , Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science , Hiroshima University , 1-4-4 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528 , Japan
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Patra AK, Amasheh S, Aschenbach JR. Modulation of gastrointestinal barrier and nutrient transport function in farm animals by natural plant bioactive compounds – A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:3237-3266. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1486284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Kumar Patra
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37 K. B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Rudolf Aschenbach
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, Berlin, Germany
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Supplemental psyllium fibre regulates the intestinal barrier and inflammation in normal and colitic mice. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:661-672. [PMID: 29185927 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517002586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that supplemental psyllium fibre increased cytoprotective heat-shock protein (Hsp) 25 levels in the intestinal cells of mice. Here, we examined the effect of psyllium fibre on colonic gene and protein expression and faecal microbiota in normal and colitic mice to improve the understanding of the preventive role of the supplement. DNA microarray analysis revealed that a 10 % psyllium fibre diet administered for 5 d up-regulated eleven extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated genes, including collagens and fibronectins, in normal mice. Acute colitis was induced using dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in mice that were administered a pre-feeding 5 to 10 % psyllium fibre diet for 5 d. Psyllium fibre partially ameliorated or resolved the DSS-induced colon damage and inflammation characterised by body weight loss, colon shortening, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased tight junction protein expression in the colon. Analysis of faecal microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that psyllium fibre affected the colonic microbiota. Intestinal permeability was evaluated by growing intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers on membrane filter supports coated with or without fibronectin and collagen. Cells grown on collagen and fibronectin coating showed higher transepithelial electrical resistance, indicating a strengthening of barrier integrity. Therefore, increased Hsp25 levels and modification of colonic ECM contribute to the observed psyllium-mediated protection against DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, ECM modification appears to play a role in the strengthening of the colon barrier. In conclusion, psyllium fibre may be useful in the prevention of intestinal inflammatory diseases.
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Nasri I, Chawech R, Girardi C, Mas E, Ferrand A, Vergnolle N, Fabre N, Mezghani-Jarraya R, Racaud-Sultan C. Anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of flavonol glycosides from Diplotaxis harra through GSK3β regulation in intestinal cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:124-131. [PMID: 27925497 PMCID: PMC7011856 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1230877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Diplotaxis harra (Forssk.) Boiss. (Brassicaceae) is traditionally used as an antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory or anticancer agent. In these pathologies, the glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3β) is overactivated and represents an interesting therapeutic target. Several flavonoids can inhibit GSK3β and the purpose of this study was to search for the compounds in Diplotaxis harra which are able to modulate GSK3β. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanol extracts from D. harra flowers were prepared and the bio-guided fractionation of their active compounds was performed using inflammatory [protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2)-stimulated IEC6 cells] and cancer (human Caco-2 cell line) intestinal cells. 50-100 μg/mL of fractions or compounds purified by HPLC were incubated with cells whose inhibited form of GSK3β (Pser9 GSK3β) and survival were analyzed by Western blot at 1 h and colorimetric assay at 24 h, respectively. LC-UV-MS profiles and MS-MS spectra were used for the characterization of extracts and flavonoids-enriched fractions, and the identification of pure flavonoids was achieved by MS and NMR analysis. RESULTS The methanol extract from D. harra flowers and its flavonoid-enriched fraction inhibit GSK3β in PAR2-stimulated IEC6 cells. GSK3β inhibition by the flavonoid-enriched D. harra fraction was dependent on PKC activation. The flavonoid-enriched D. harra fraction and its purified compound isorhamnetin-3,7-di-O-glucoside induced a 20% decrease of PAR2-stimulated IEC6 and Caco-2 cell survival. Importantly, normal cells (non-stimulated IEC6 cells) were spared by these treatments. CONCLUSION This work indicates that flavonoids from D. harra display cytotoxic activity against inflammatory and cancer intestinal cells which could depend on GSK3β inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Nasri
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UR11-ES74, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, BP, Tunisie
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rachid Chawech
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UR11-ES74, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, BP, Tunisie
- UMR 152 Pharma-Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Cynthia Girardi
- UMR 152 Pharma-Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Emmanuel Mas
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hépatologie et Nutrition, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Ferrand
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicolas Fabre
- UMR 152 Pharma-Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
| | - Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UR11-ES74, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, BP, Tunisie
| | - Claire Racaud-Sultan
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- CONTACT Claire Racaud-Sultan, MD, PhDIRSD, CHU Purpan, place du Dr Baylac, 31024 Toulouse cedex 3, France
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