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Dubuisson N, Versele R, Planchon C, Selvais CM, Noel L, Abou-Samra M, Davis-López de Carrizosa MA. Histological Methods to Assess Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Regeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16080. [PMID: 36555721 PMCID: PMC9786356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease caused by the loss of function of the protein dystrophin. This protein contributes to the stabilisation of striated cells during contraction, as it anchors the cytoskeleton with components of the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Moreover, absence of the functional protein affects the expression and function of proteins within the DAPC, leading to molecular events responsible for myofibre damage, muscle weakening, disability and, eventually, premature death. Presently, there is no cure for DMD, but different treatments help manage some of the symptoms. Advances in genetic and exon-skipping therapies are the most promising intervention, the safety and efficiency of which are tested in animal models. In addition to in vivo functional tests, ex vivo molecular evaluation aids assess to what extent the therapy has contributed to the regenerative process. In this regard, the later advances in microscopy and image acquisition systems and the current expansion of antibodies for immunohistological evaluation together with the development of different spectrum fluorescent dyes have made histology a crucial tool. Nevertheless, the complexity of the molecular events that take place in dystrophic muscles, together with the rise of a multitude of markers for each of the phases of the process, makes the histological assessment a challenging task. Therefore, here, we summarise and explain the rationale behind different histological techniques used in the literature to assess degeneration and regeneration in the field of dystrophinopathies, focusing especially on those related to DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dubuisson
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (CUSL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Versele
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Planchon
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille M. Selvais
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Noel
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - María A. Davis-López de Carrizosa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Tereshenko V, Dotzauer DC, Luft M, Ortmayr J, Maierhofer U, Schmoll M, Festin C, Carrero Rojas G, Klepetko J, Laengle G, Politikou O, Farina D, Blumer R, Bergmeister KD, Aszmann OC. Autonomic Nerve Fibers Aberrantly Reinnervate Denervated Facial Muscles and Alter Muscle Fiber Population. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8297-8307. [PMID: 36216502 PMCID: PMC9653283 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0670-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The surgical redirection of efferent neural input to a denervated muscle via a nerve transfer can reestablish neuromuscular control after nerve injuries. The role of autonomic nerve fibers during the process of muscular reinnervation remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the neurobiological mechanisms behind the spontaneous functional recovery of denervated facial muscles in male rodents. Recovered facial muscles demonstrated an abundance of cholinergic axonal endings establishing functional neuromuscular junctions. The parasympathetic source of the neuronal input was confirmed to be in the pterygopalatine ganglion. Furthermore, the autonomically reinnervated facial muscles underwent a muscle fiber change to a purely intermediate muscle fiber population myosin heavy chain type IIa. Finally, electrophysiological tests revealed that the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the facial muscles via the sensory infraorbital nerve. Our findings demonstrated expanded neuromuscular plasticity of denervated striated muscles enabling functional recovery via alien autonomic fibers. These findings may further explain the underlying mechanisms of sensory protection implemented to prevent atrophy of a denervated muscle.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nerve injuries represent significant morbidity and disability for patients. Rewiring motor nerve fibers to other target muscles has shown to be a successful approach in the restoration of motor function. This demonstrates the remarkable capacity of the CNS to adapt to the needs of the neuromuscular system. Yet, the capability of skeletal muscles being reinnervated by nonmotor axons remains largely unknown. Here, we show that under deprivation of original efferent input, the neuromuscular system can undergo functional and morphologic remodeling via autonomic nerve fibers. This may explain neurobiological mechanisms of the sensory protection phenomenon, which is because of parasympathetic reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Tereshenko
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik C Dotzauer
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Luft
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Ortmayr
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Udo Maierhofer
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Festin
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johanna Klepetko
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Laengle
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olga Politikou
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Konstantin D Bergmeister
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital, A-3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Watanabe S, Ochiai H, Sakuma H, Mori T, Yazawa M, Oka A, Kishi K. Muscle Fiber Composition Changes after Selective Nerve Innervation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147856. [PMID: 35887204 PMCID: PMC9320516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial nerve paralysis interferes with mimetic muscle function. To reconstruct natural facial movement, free muscle flaps are transplanted as new muscles. However, it is difficult to maintain resting tonus. A dual innervation technique in which other nerves such as the hypoglossal nerve or contralateral facial nerve are added is often applied. Using 10-week-old rats (n = 10), the masseteric and hypoglossal nerves were cut, and the distal stump of the masseteric nerve and the proximal stump of the hypoglossal nerve were then sutured (suture group). In the other group, the masseteric nerve was cut and cauterized (cut group). Immunohistochemistry and microarray were performed on the extracted masseter muscle. The immunohistochemistry results suggested that the muscles in the suture group obtained oxidative characteristics. The microarray showed the genes involved in mitochondrial function, including Perm1. In summary, our data support the validity of the dualinnervation technique for facial paralysis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Watanabe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Hearing and Balance Disorder, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; (H.O.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7214
| | - Hiroko Ochiai
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Hearing and Balance Disorder, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; (H.O.); (A.O.)
| | - Hisashi Sakuma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba 272-8513, Japan;
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Masaki Yazawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.Y.); (K.K.)
| | - Aiko Oka
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Hearing and Balance Disorder, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; (H.O.); (A.O.)
| | - Kazuo Kishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.Y.); (K.K.)
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Sporer ME, Aman M, Bergmeister KD, Depisch D, Scheuba KM, Unger E, Podesser BK, Aszmann OC. Experimental nerve transfer model in the neonatal rat. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1088-1095. [PMID: 34558537 PMCID: PMC8552847 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, peripheral nerve reconstructions in neonates are most frequently applied in brachial plexus birth injuries. Most surgical concepts, however, have investigated nerve reconstructions in adult animal models. The immature neuromuscular system reacts differently to the effects of nerve lesion and surgery and is poorly investigated due to the lack of reliable experimental models. Here, we describe an experimental forelimb model in the neonatal rat, to study these effects on both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Within 24 hours after birth, three groups were prepared: In the nerve transfer group, a lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve was reconstructed by selectively transferring the ulnar nerve. In the negative control group, the musculocutaneous nerve was divided and not reconstructed and in the positive control group, a sham surgery was performed. The animal´s ability to adapt to nerve lesions and progressive improvement over time were depict by the Bertelli test, which observes the development of grooming. Twelve weeks postoperatively, animals were fully matured and the nerve transfer successfully reinnervated their target muscles, which was indicated by muscle force, muscle weight, and cross sectional area evaluation. On the contrary, no spontaneous regeneration was found in the negative control group. In the positive control group, reference values were established. Retrograde labeling indicated that the motoneuron pool of the ulnar nerve was reduced following nerve transfer. Due to this post-axotomy motoneuron death, a diminished amount of motoneurons reinnervated the biceps muscle in the nerve transfer group, when compared to the native motoneuron pool of the musculocutaneous nerve. These findings indicate that the immature neuromuscular system behaves profoundly different than similar lesions in adult rats and explains reduced muscle force. Ultimately, pathophysiologic adaptations are inevitable. The maturing neuromuscular system, however, utilizes neonatal capacity of regeneration and seizes a variety of compensation mechanism to restore a functional extremity. The above described neonatal rat model demonstrates a constant anatomy, suitable for nerve transfers and allows all standard neuromuscular analyses. Hence, detailed investigations on the pathophysiological changes and subsequent effects of trauma on the various levels within the neuromuscular system as well as neural reorganization of the neonatal rat may be elucidated. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Vienna and the Austrian Ministry for Research and Science (BMWF-66.009/0187-WF/V/3b/2015) on March 20, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias E Sporer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function; Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Aman
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery; Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantin D Bergmeister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna; Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Dieter Depisch
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function; Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina M Scheuba
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewald Unger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function; Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Surgery; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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The emerging role of the sympathetic nervous system in skeletal muscle motor innervation and sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101305. [PMID: 33610815 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Examining neural etiologic factors'role in the decline of neuromuscular function with aging is essential to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia, the age-dependent decline in muscle mass, force and power. Innervation of the skeletal muscle by both motor and sympathetic axons has been established, igniting interest in determining how the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) affect skeletal muscle composition and function throughout the lifetime. Selective expression of the heart and neural crest derivative 2 gene in peripheral SNs increases muscle mass and force regulating skeletal muscle sympathetic and motor innervation; improving acetylcholine receptor stability and NMJ transmission; preventing inflammation and myofibrillar protein degradation; increasing autophagy; and probably enhancing protein synthesis. Elucidating the role of central SNs will help to define the coordinated response of the visceral and neuromuscular system to physiological and pathological challenges across ages. This review discusses the following questions: (1) Does the SNS regulate skeletal muscle motor innervation? (2) Does the SNS regulate presynaptic and postsynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure and function? (3) Does sympathetic neuron (SN) regulation of NMJ transmission decline with aging? (4) Does maintenance of SNs attenuate aging sarcopenia? and (5) Do central SN group relays influence sympathetic and motor muscle innervation?
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6
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Stevens CR, Berenson J, Sledziona M, Moore TP, Dong L, Cheetham J. Approach for semi-automated measurement of fiber diameter in murine and canine skeletal muscle. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243163. [PMID: 33362264 PMCID: PMC7757813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently available software tools for automated segmentation and analysis of muscle cross-section images often perform poorly in cases of weak or non-uniform staining conditions. To address these issues, our group has developed the MyoSAT (Myofiber Segmentation and Analysis Tool) image-processing pipeline. MyoSAT combines several unconventional approaches including advanced background leveling, Perona-Malik anisotropic diffusion filtering, and Steger’s line detection algorithm to aid in pre-processing and enhancement of the muscle image. Final segmentation is based upon marker-based watershed segmentation. Validation tests using collagen V labeled murine and canine muscle tissue demonstrate that MyoSAT can determine mean muscle fiber diameter with an average accuracy of ~92.4%. The software has been tested to work on full muscle cross-sections and works well even under non-optimal staining conditions. The MyoSAT software tool has been implemented as a macro for the freely available ImageJ software platform. This new segmentation tool allows scientists to efficiently analyze large muscle cross-sections for use in research studies and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R. Stevens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Josh Berenson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael Sledziona
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy P. Moore
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Lynn Dong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Babcock LW, Hanna AD, Agha NH, Hamilton SL. MyoSight-semi-automated image analysis of skeletal muscle cross sections. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:33. [PMID: 33198807 PMCID: PMC7667765 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manual analysis of cross-sectional area, fiber-type distribution, and total and centralized nuclei in skeletal muscle cross sections is tedious and time consuming, necessitating an accurate, automated method of analysis. While several excellent programs are available, our analyses of skeletal muscle disease models suggest the need for additional features and flexibility to adequately describe disease pathology. We introduce a new semi-automated analysis program, MyoSight, which is designed to facilitate image analysis of skeletal muscle cross sections and provide additional flexibility in the analyses. RESULTS We describe staining and imaging methods that generate high-quality images of immunofluorescent-labelled cross sections from mouse skeletal muscle. Using these methods, we can analyze up to 5 different fluorophores in a single image, allowing simultaneous analyses of perinuclei, central nuclei, fiber size, and fiber-type distribution. MyoSight displays high reproducibility among users, and the data generated are in close agreement with data obtained from manual analyses of cross-sectional area (CSA), fiber number, fiber-type distribution, and number and localization of myonuclei. Furthermore, MyoSight clearly delineates changes in these parameters in muscle sections from a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (mdx). CONCLUSIONS MyoSight is a new program based on an algorithm that can be optimized by the user to obtain highly accurate fiber size, fiber-type identification, and perinuclei and central nuclei per fiber measurements. MyoSight combines features available separately in other programs, is user friendly, and provides visual outputs that allow the user to confirm the accuracy of the analyses and correct any inaccuracies. We present MyoSight as a new program to facilitate the analyses of fiber type and CSA changes arising from injury, disease, exercise, and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle W Babcock
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Amy D Hanna
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nadia H Agha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Susan L Hamilton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Gunder LC, Harvey I, Redd JR, Davis CS, AL-Tamimi A, Brooks SV, Bridges D. Obesity Augments Glucocorticoid-Dependent Muscle Atrophy in Male C57BL/6J Mice. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E420. [PMID: 33076257 PMCID: PMC7602414 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids promote muscle atrophy by inducing a class of proteins called atrogenes, resulting in reductions in muscle size and strength. In this work, we evaluated whether a mouse model with pre-existing diet-induced obesity had altered glucocorticoid responsiveness. We observed that all animals treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone had reduced strength, but that obesity exacerbated this effect. These changes were concordant with more pronounced reductions in muscle size, particularly in Type II muscle fibers, and potentiated induction of atrogene expression in the obese mice relative to lean mice. Furthermore, we show that the reductions in lean mass do not fully account for the dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance observed in these mice. Together, these data suggest that obesity potentiates glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Gunder
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (L.C.G.); (I.H.); (J.R.R.); (A.A.-T.)
| | - Innocence Harvey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (L.C.G.); (I.H.); (J.R.R.); (A.A.-T.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - JeAnna R. Redd
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (L.C.G.); (I.H.); (J.R.R.); (A.A.-T.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Carol S. Davis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.S.D.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Ayat AL-Tamimi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (L.C.G.); (I.H.); (J.R.R.); (A.A.-T.)
| | - Susan V. Brooks
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.S.D.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Dave Bridges
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (L.C.G.); (I.H.); (J.R.R.); (A.A.-T.)
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.S.D.); (S.V.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
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Bonilla HJ, Messi ML, Sadieva KA, Hamilton CA, Buchman AS, Delbono O. Semiautomatic morphometric analysis of skeletal muscle obtained by needle biopsy in older adults. GeroScience 2020; 42:1431-1443. [PMID: 32946050 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of skeletal muscle mass and composition is essential for studying the biology of age-related sarcopenia, loss of muscle mass, and function. Muscle immunohistochemistry (IHC) allows for simultaneous visualization of morphological characteristics and determination of fiber type composition. The information gleaned from myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform, and morphological measurements offer a more complete assessment of muscle health and properties than classical techniques such as SDS-PAGE and ATPase immunostaining; however, IHC quantification is a time-consuming and tedious method. We developed a semiautomatic method to account for issues frequently encountered in aging tissue. We analyzed needle-biopsied vastus lateralis (VL) of the quadriceps from a cohort of 14 volunteers aged 74.9 ± 2.2 years. We found a high correlation between manual quantification and semiautomatic analyses for the total number of fibers detected (r2 = 0.989) and total fiber cross-sectional area (r2 = 0.836). The analysis of the VL fiber subtype composition and the cross-sectional area also did not show statistically significant differences. The semiautomatic approach was completed in 10-15% of the time required for manual quantification. The results from these analyses highlight some of the specific issues which commonly occur in aged muscle. Our methods which address these issues underscore the importance of developing efficient, accurate, and reliable methods for quantitatively analyzing the skeletal muscle and the standardization of collection protocols to maximize the likelihood of preserving tissue quality in older adults. Utilizing IHC as a means of exploring the progression of disease, aging, and injury in the skeletal muscle allows for the practical study of muscle tissue down to the fiber level. By adding editing modules to our semiautomatic approach, we accurately quantified the aging muscle and addressed common technical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Bonilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maria L Messi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Khalima A Sadieva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Craig A Hamilton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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10
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Masschelein E, D'Hulst G, Zvick J, Hinte L, Soro-Arnaiz I, Gorski T, von Meyenn F, Bar-Nur O, De Bock K. Exercise promotes satellite cell contribution to myofibers in a load-dependent manner. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:21. [PMID: 32646489 PMCID: PMC7346400 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Satellite cells (SCs) are required for muscle repair following injury and are involved in muscle remodeling upon muscular contractions. Exercise stimulates SC accumulation and myonuclear accretion. To what extent exercise training at different mechanical loads drive SC contribution to myonuclei however is unknown. RESULTS By performing SC fate tracing experiments, we show that 8 weeks of voluntary wheel running increased SC contribution to myofibers in mouse plantar flexor muscles in a load-dependent, but fiber type-independent manner. Increased SC fusion however was not exclusively linked to muscle hypertrophy as wheel running without external load substantially increased SC fusion in the absence of fiber hypertrophy. Due to nuclear propagation, nuclear fluorescent fate tracing mouse models were inadequate to quantify SC contribution to myonuclei. Ultimately, by performing fate tracing at the DNA level, we show that SC contribution mirrors myonuclear accretion during exercise. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, mechanical load during exercise independently promotes SC contribution to existing myofibers. Also, due to propagation of nuclear fluorescent reporter proteins, our data warrant caution for the use of existing reporter mouse models for the quantitative evaluation of satellite cell contribution to myonuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Masschelein
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gommaar D'Hulst
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joel Zvick
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Hinte
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inés Soro-Arnaiz
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tatiane Gorski
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ori Bar-Nur
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Department Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Two new reliable immunohistochemical methods for simultaneous identification of capillaries, the three types of fibers and basal lamina in human skeletal muscle. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 154:327-337. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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The effect of resistance training, detraining and retraining on muscle strength and power, myofibre size, satellite cells and myonuclei in older men. Exp Gerontol 2020; 133:110860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Encarnacion-Rivera L, Foltz S, Hartzell HC, Choo H. Myosoft: An automated muscle histology analysis tool using machine learning algorithm utilizing FIJI/ImageJ software. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229041. [PMID: 32130242 PMCID: PMC7055860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Muscle sections were stained for cell boundary (laminin) and myofiber type (myosin heavy chain isoforms). Myosoft, running in the open access software platform FIJI (ImageJ), was used to analyze myofiber size and type in transverse sections of entire gastrocnemius/soleus muscles. RESULTS Myosoft provides an accurate analysis of hundreds to thousands of muscle fibers within 25 minutes, which is >10-times faster than manual analysis. We demonstrate that Myosoft is capable of handling high-content images even when image or staining quality is suboptimal, which is a marked improvement over currently available and comparable programs. CONCLUSIONS Myosoft is a reliable, accurate, high-throughput, and convenient tool to analyze high-content muscle histology. Myosoft is freely available to download from Github at https://github.com/Hyojung-Choo/Myosoft/tree/Myosoft-hub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Encarnacion-Rivera
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Undergraduate program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Steven Foltz
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - H. Criss Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hyojung Choo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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14
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Yao W, Wei X, Guo H, Cheng D, Li H, Sun L, Wang S, Guo D, Yang Y, Si J. Tributyltin reduces bone mineral density by reprograming bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103271. [PMID: 31627035 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a proven endocrine disrupter, was widely used in industry and agriculture. Previous research showed that TBT could alter the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis, which may have significant consequences for bone health. Herein, we exposed male rats to TBT chloride (TBTCl) to evaluate the deleterious effects of TBT on bone. Exposure to 50 μg kg-1 TBT resulted in a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) at the femur diaphysis region in the rat. A dose-dependent increase in lipid accumulation and adipocyte number was observed in the bone marrow (BM) of the femur. Meanwhile, TBTCl treatment significantly enhanced the expression of PPARγ and attenuated the expression of Runx2 and β-catenin in BM. In addition, serum ALP activity of TBT-exposed rats also showed a dose-dependent decrease. These results suggest that TBT could reduce BMD via inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and skew the adipo-osteogenic balance in the BM of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhuan Yao
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Xinglong Wei
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Orthopedics Department, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shu'e Wang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanli Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiliang Si
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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15
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Reyes-Fernandez PC, Periou B, Decrouy X, Relaix F, Authier FJ. Automated image-analysis method for the quantification of fiber morphometry and fiber type population in human skeletal muscle. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:15. [PMID: 31133066 PMCID: PMC6537183 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The quantitative analysis of muscle histomorphometry has been growing in importance in both research and clinical settings. Accurate and stringent assessment of myofibers’ changes in size and number, and alterations in the proportion of oxidative (type I) and glycolytic (type II) fibers is essential for the appropriate study of aging and pathological muscle, as well as for diagnosis and follow-up of muscle diseases. Manual and semi-automated methods to assess muscle morphometry in sections are time-consuming, limited to a small field of analysis, and susceptible to bias, while most automated methods have been only tested in rodent muscle. Methods We developed a new macro script for Fiji-ImageJ to automatically assess human fiber morphometry in digital images of the entire muscle. We tested the functionality of our method in deltoid muscle biopsies from a heterogeneous population of subjects with histologically normal muscle (male, female, old, young, lean, obese) and patients with dermatomyositis, necrotizing autoimmune myopathy, and anti-synthetase syndrome myopathy. Results Our macro is fully automated, requires no user intervention, and demonstrated improved fiber segmentation by running a series of image pre-processing steps before the analysis. Likewise, our tool showed high accuracy, as compared with manual methods, for identifying the total number of fibers (r = 0.97, p < 0.001), fiber I and fiber II proportion (r = 0.92, p < 0.001), and minor diameter (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) while conducting analysis in ~ 5 min/sample. The performance of the macro analysis was maintained in pectoral and deltoid samples from subjects of different age, gender, body weight, and muscle status. The output of the analyses includes excel files with the quantification of fibers’ morphometry and color-coded maps based on the fiber’s size, which proved to be an advantageous feature for the fast and easy visual identification of location-specific atrophy and a potential tool for medical diagnosis. Conclusion Our macro is reliable and suitable for the study of human skeletal muscle for research and for diagnosis in clinical settings providing reproducible and consistent analysis when the time is of the utmost importance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13395-019-0200-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla C Reyes-Fernandez
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94000, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Baptiste Periou
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94000, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94000, Créteil, France.,APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Xavier Decrouy
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94000, Créteil, France.,Inserm, IMRB U955, Plateforme d'Imagerie, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Fréderic Relaix
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94000, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94000, Créteil, France.,APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, 94000, Créteil, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang, 94017, Créteil, France
| | - François Jérôme Authier
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94000, Créteil, France. .,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94000, Créteil, France. .,APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, 94000, Créteil, France.
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16
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Zhu H, Yang H, Zhao W, Su Y, Tian Y. Associations of the expression levels of genes involved in CFL2b and MyHC isoform type changes in longissimus dorsi muscle of HeBao and Large White pigs ( Sus scrofa) during postnatal growth. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2016-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the patterns of postnatal transformation of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform types in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle between HeBao (HB) and Large White (LW) pigs, and assess the association of porcine cofilin2b (CFL2b) mRNA abundance with changes of myofiber type composition. The four MyHC isoforms (MyHC-1, -2a, -2b, and -2x) of the LD muscle were assessed for mRNA levels in 28 HB and 28 LW pigs by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The associations of CFL2b mRNA expression and myofiber type (MyHC-1, -2a, -2b, and -2x) changes were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Although the mRNA expression patterns of MyHCs were different between the two breeds, they had similar expression levels. During postnatal growth, relative CFL2b abundance was gradually increased, with dramatic changes observed after 90 d between the two breeds (P < 0.01). Further analysis revealed significant positive correlations of CFL2b gene expression with MyHC-1/slow (HB: r = 0.871), MyHC-2b [LW: r = 0.881 (P < 0.01)], and MyHC-2x (HB: r = 0.795, LW: r = 0.814), and a significant negative correlation with MyHC-1/slow [r = −0.938 (P < 0.01)] in LW. No significant associations of CFL2b expression with MyHC-2a (HB: r = −0. 195, r = −0.697) and MyHC-2b (HB: r = 0.493) were found. Our findings suggested that HB pigs had different muscle development mechanisms in the LD muscle compared with LW, and the CFL2b expression difference could affect the levels of myofiber types which could account for meat quality differences. HB pigs possessed less glycolytic, with more oxidative metabolism and better meat quality traits compared with LW pigs at different growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Engineering of Animal Products of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Basic Medicine Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Engineering of Animal Products of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Engineering of Animal Products of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121001, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Bergmeister KD, Aman M, Muceli S, Vujaklija I, Manzano-Szalai K, Unger E, Byrne RA, Scheinecker C, Riedl O, Salminger S, Frommlet F, Borschel GH, Farina D, Aszmann OC. Peripheral nerve transfers change target muscle structure and function. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau2956. [PMID: 30613770 PMCID: PMC6314825 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Selective nerve transfers surgically rewire motor neurons and are used in extremity reconstruction to restore muscle function or to facilitate intuitive prosthetic control. We investigated the neurophysiological effects of rewiring motor axons originating from spinal motor neuron pools into target muscles with lower innervation ratio in a rat model. Following reinnervation, the target muscle's force regenerated almost completely, with the motor unit population increasing to 116% in functional and 172% in histological assessments with subsequently smaller muscle units. Muscle fiber type populations transformed into the donor nerve's original muscles. We thus demonstrate that axons of alternative spinal origin can hyper-reinnervate target muscles without loss of muscle force regeneration, but with a donor-specific shift in muscle fiber type. These results explain the excellent clinical outcomes following nerve transfers in neuromuscular reconstruction. They indicate that reinnervated muscles can provide an accurate bioscreen to display neural information of lost body parts for high-fidelity prosthetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin D. Bergmeister
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Aman
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Muceli
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery–Research Department of Neurorehabilitation Systems, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivan Vujaklija
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Krisztina Manzano-Szalai
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewald Unger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruth A. Byrne
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Scheinecker
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Otto Riedl
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Salminger
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Frommlet
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Section for Medical Statistics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregory H. Borschel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oskar C. Aszmann
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author.
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18
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Abstract
The cancer anorexia cachexia syndrome is a systemic metabolic disorder characterized by the catabolism of stored nutrients in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue that is particularly prevalent in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Loss of skeletal muscle results in functional impairments and increased mortality. The aim of the present study was to characterize the changes in systemic metabolism in a genetically engineered mouse model of NSCLC. We show that a portion of these animals develop loss of skeletal muscle, loss of adipose tissue, and increased inflammatory markers mirroring the human cachexia syndrome. Using noncachexic and fasted animals as controls, we report a unique cachexia metabolite phenotype that includes the loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) -dependent ketone production by the liver. In this setting, glucocorticoid levels rise and correlate with skeletal muscle degradation and hepatic markers of gluconeogenesis. Restoring ketone production using the PPARα agonist, fenofibrate, prevents the loss of skeletal muscle mass and body weight. These results demonstrate how targeting hepatic metabolism can prevent muscle wasting in lung cancer, and provide evidence for a therapeutic strategy.
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19
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Wen Y, Murach KA, Vechetti IJ, Fry CS, Vickery C, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ, Campbell KS. MyoVision: software for automated high-content analysis of skeletal muscle immunohistochemistry. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 124:40-51. [PMID: 28982947 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00762.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of skeletal muscle cross sections is an important experimental technique in muscle biology. Many aspects of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy can now be automated, but most image quantification techniques still require extensive human input, slowing progress and introducing the possibility of user bias. MyoVision is a new software package that was developed to overcome these limitations. The software improves upon previously reported automatic techniques and analyzes images without requiring significant human input and correction. When compared with data derived by manual quantification, MyoVision achieves an accuracy of ≥94% for basic measurements such as fiber number, fiber type distribution, fiber cross-sectional area, and myonuclear number. Scientists can download the software free from www.MyoVision.org and use it to automate the analysis of their own experimental data. This will improve the efficiency and consistency of the analysis of muscle cross sections and help to reduce the burden of routine image quantification in muscle biology. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Scientists currently analyze images of immunofluorescently labeled skeletal muscle using time-consuming techniques that require sustained human supervision. As well as being inefficient, these techniques can increase variability in studies that quantify morphological adaptations of skeletal muscle at the cellular level. MyoVision is new software that overcomes these limitations by performing high-content analysis of muscle cross sections with minimal manual input. It is open source and freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,MD/PhD Program, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, and Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Chase Vickery
- MSTC Program, Paul Laurence Dunbar High School , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth S Campbell
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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20
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Guillory B, Chen JA, Patel S, Luo J, Splenser A, Mody A, Ding M, Baghaie S, Anderson B, Iankova B, Halder T, Hernandez Y, Garcia JM. Deletion of ghrelin prevents aging-associated obesity and muscle dysfunction without affecting longevity. Aging Cell 2017; 16:859-869. [PMID: 28585250 PMCID: PMC5506439 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging, decreases in energy expenditure and locomotor activity lead to body weight and fat gain. Aging is also associated with decreases in muscle strength and endurance leading to functional decline. Here, we show that lifelong deletion of ghrelin prevents development of obesity associated with aging by modulating food intake and energy expenditure. Ghrelin deletion also attenuated the decrease in phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (pAMPK) and downstream mediators in muscle, and increased the number of type IIa (fatigue resistant, oxidative) muscle fibers, preventing the decline in muscle strength and endurance seen with aging. Longevity was not affected by ghrelin deletion. Treatment of old mice with pharmacologic doses of ghrelin increased food intake, body weight, and muscle strength in both ghrelin wild‐type and knockout mice. These findings highlight the relevance of ghrelin during aging and identify a novel AMPK‐dependent mechanism for ghrelin action in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby Guillory
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Ji-an Chen
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
- Department of Health Education; College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Shivam Patel
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Jiaohua Luo
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
- Department of Environmental Hygiene; College of Preventive Medicine; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Andres Splenser
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Avni Mody
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Michael Ding
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
- GRECC; VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
| | - Shiva Baghaie
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Barbara Anderson
- GRECC; VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
| | - Blaga Iankova
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Tripti Halder
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Yamileth Hernandez
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Jose M. Garcia
- Division of Diabetes; Endocrinology and Metabolism; MCL; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases; Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
- GRECC; VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
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21
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Bergmeister KD, Gröger M, Aman M, Willensdorfer A, Manzano-Szalai K, Salminger S, Aszmann OC. A Rapid Automated Protocol for Muscle Fiber Population Analysis in Rat Muscle Cross Sections Using Myosin Heavy Chain Immunohistochemistry. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28448058 DOI: 10.3791/55441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of muscle fiber populations provides a deeper insight into the effects of disease, trauma, and various other influences on skeletal muscle composition. Various time-consuming methods have traditionally been used to study fiber populations in many fields of research. However, recently developed immunohistochemical methods based on myosin heavy chain protein expression provide a quick alternative to identify multiple fiber types in a single section. Here, we present a rapid, reliable and reproducible protocol for improved staining quality, allowing automatic acquisition of whole cross sections and automatic quantification of fiber populations with ImageJ. For this purpose, embedded skeletal muscles are cut in cross sections, stained using myosin heavy chains antibodies with secondary fluorescent antibodies and DAPI for cell nuclei staining. Whole cross sections are then scanned automatically using a slide scanner to obtain high-resolution composite pictures of the entire specimen. Fiber population analyses are subsequently performed to quantify slow, intermediate and fast fibers using an automated macro for ImageJ. We have previously shown that this method can identify fiber populations reliably to a degree of ±4%. In addition, this method reduces inter-user variability and time per analyses significantly using the open source platform ImageJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin D Bergmeister
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna; Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg
| | - Marion Gröger
- Core Facility Imaging, Core Facilities, Medical University Vienna
| | - Martin Aman
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Anna Willensdorfer
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Krisztina Manzano-Szalai
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Stefan Salminger
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna;
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