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Antoine D, Mohammadi M, Vitt M, Dickie JM, Jyoti SS, Tilbury MA, Johnson PA, Wawrousek KE, Wall JG. Rapid, Point-of-Care scFv-SERS Assay for Femtogram Level Detection of SARS-CoV-2. ACS Sens 2022; 7:866-873. [PMID: 35271769 PMCID: PMC8961876 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, on-site identification of SARS-CoV-2 infections is an important tool in the control and management of COVID-19. We have developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunoassay for highly sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. Single-chain Fv (scFv) recombinant antibody fragments that bind the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were isolated by biopanning a human scFv library. ScFvs were conjugated to magnetic nanoparticles and SERS nanotags, followed by immunocomplex formation and detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with a limit of detection of 257 fg/mL in 30 min in viral transport medium. The assay also detected B.1.1.7 ("alpha"), B.1.351 ("beta"), and B.1.617.2 ("delta") spike proteins, while no cross-reactivity was observed with the common human coronavirus HKU1 spike protein. Inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected at 4.1 × 104 genomes/mL, which was 10-100-fold lower than virus loads typical of infectious individuals. The assay exhibited higher sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 than commercial lateral flow assays, was compatible with viral transport media and saliva, enabled rapid pivoting to detect new virus variants, and facilitated highly sensitive, point-of-care diagnosis of COVID-19 in clinical and public health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Antoine
- Microbiology,
College of Science and Engineering, and SFI Centre for Medical Devices
(CÚRAM), National University of Ireland,
Galway (NUI Galway), Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Moein Mohammadi
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - Madison Vitt
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - Julia Marie Dickie
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | | | - Maura A. Tilbury
- Microbiology,
College of Science and Engineering, and SFI Centre for Medical Devices
(CÚRAM), National University of Ireland,
Galway (NUI Galway), Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Patrick A. Johnson
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - Karen E. Wawrousek
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - J. Gerard Wall
- Microbiology,
College of Science and Engineering, and SFI Centre for Medical Devices
(CÚRAM), National University of Ireland,
Galway (NUI Galway), Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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2
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Wawrzyńska M, Kraskiewicz H, Paprocka M, Krawczenko A, Bielawska‐Pohl A, Biały D, Roleder T, Wojakowski W, O'Connor IB, Duda M, Michal R, Wasyluk Ł, Plesch G, Podbielska H, Kopaczyńska M, Wall JG. Functionalization with a VEGFR2‐binding antibody fragment leads to enhanced endothelialization of a cardiovascular stent
in vitro
and
in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:213-224. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- Department of Emergency Medical ServiceWroclaw Medical University Wrocław Poland
| | - Honorata Kraskiewicz
- Balton Ltd Warsaw Poland
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM)NUI Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Maria Paprocka
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczenko
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Biały
- Clinic of CardiologyWroclaw Medical University Wrocław Poland
| | - Tomasz Roleder
- Department of CardiologySchool of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia Katowice Poland
| | | | - Iain B. O'Connor
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM)NUI Galway Galway Ireland
- MicrobiologyNUI Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Maciej Duda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Technology and Science Wrocław Poland
| | - Robert Michal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University Bratislava Slovakia
| | | | - Gustav Plesch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Technology and Science Wrocław Poland
| | - Marta Kopaczyńska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Technology and Science Wrocław Poland
| | - J. Gerard Wall
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM)NUI Galway Galway Ireland
- MicrobiologyNUI Galway Galway Ireland
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3
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Shen M, Rusling J, Dixit CK. Site-selective orientated immobilization of antibodies and conjugates for immunodiagnostics development. Methods 2017; 116:95-111. [PMID: 27876681 PMCID: PMC5374010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immobilized antibody systems are the key to develop efficient diagnostics and separations tools. In the last decade, developments in the field of biomolecular engineering and crosslinker chemistry have greatly influenced the development of this field. With all these new approaches at our disposal, several new immobilization methods have been created to address the main challenges associated with immobilized antibodies. Few of these challenges that we have discussed in this review are mainly associated to the site-specific immobilization, appropriate orientation, and activity retention. We have discussed the effect of antibody immobilization approaches on the parameters on the performance of an immunoassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
| | - James Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 060
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Chandra K Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
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Wronska MA, O'Connor IB, Tilbury MA, Srivastava A, Wall JG. Adding Functions to Biomaterial Surfaces through Protein Incorporation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5485-5508. [PMID: 27164952 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The concept of biomaterials has evolved from one of inert mechanical supports with a long-term, biologically inactive role in the body into complex matrices that exhibit selective cell binding, promote proliferation and matrix production, and may ultimately become replaced by newly generated tissues in vivo. Functionalization of material surfaces with biomolecules is critical to their ability to evade immunorecognition, interact productively with surrounding tissues and extracellular matrix, and avoid bacterial colonization. Antibody molecules and their derived fragments are commonly immobilized on materials to mediate coating with specific cell types in fields such as stent endothelialization and drug delivery. The incorporation of growth factors into biomaterials has found application in promoting and accelerating bone formation in osteogenerative and related applications. Peptides and extracellular matrix proteins can impart biomolecule- and cell-specificities to materials while antimicrobial peptides have found roles in preventing biofilm formation on devices and implants. In this progress report, we detail developments in the use of diverse proteins and peptides to modify the surfaces of hard biomaterials in vivo and in vitro. Chemical approaches to immobilizing active biomolecules are presented, as well as platform technologies for isolation or generation of natural or synthetic molecules suitable for biomaterial functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata A Wronska
- Microbiology and Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Iain B O'Connor
- Microbiology and Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maura A Tilbury
- Microbiology and Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- Microbiology and Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Gerard Wall
- Microbiology and Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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