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Su Q, Wang N, Wang B, Wang Y, Dai Z, Zhao X, Li X, Li Q, Yang G, Nie P. Ct-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for predicting prognosis in osteosarcoma: A multicenter study. Eur J Radiol 2024; 172:111350. [PMID: 38309216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral and combined radiomics signatures in predicting prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. METHODS The data of 202 patients (training cohort:102, testing cohort:100) with osteosarcoma admitted to the two hospitals from August 2008 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as the end points. The radiomics features were extracted from CT images, three radiomics signatures(RSintratumoral, RSperitumoral, RScombined)were constructed based on intratumoral, peritumoral and combined radiomics features, respectively, and the radiomics score (Rad-score) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the Rad-score with PFS and OS, the Harrell's concordance index (C-index) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics signatures. RESULTS Finally, 8, 6, and 21 features were selected for the establishment of RSintratumoral, RSperitumoral, and RScombined, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis confirmed that the Rad-scores of the three RSs were significantly correlated with the PFS and OS of patients with osteosarcoma. Among the three radiomics signatures, RScombined had better predictive performance, the C-index of PSF prediction was 0.833 in the training cohort and 0.814 in the testing cohort, the C-index of OS prediction was 0.796 in the training cohort and 0.764 in the testing cohort. CONCLUSIONS CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral and combined radiomics signatures can predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma, which may assist in individualized treatment and improving the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Su
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bingyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | | | - Zhengjun Dai
- Scientific Research Department, Huiying Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guangjie Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Pei Nie
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Hong KT, Park HJ, Kim BK, An H, Choi JY, Cheon JE, Park SH, Kim HS, Kang HJ. Favorable outcome of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma and low-degree necrosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:978949. [PMID: 36176408 PMCID: PMC9513349 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.978949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A low-degree tumor necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a poor prognostic factor for osteosarcoma (OSA). However, the role of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in OSA remains controversial. We analyzed the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of nonmetastatic OSA and compared the HDC and conventional chemotherapy (CC) outcomes of patients with <90% necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods We retrospectively evaluated patients with OSA treated at the Seoul National University Children’s Hospital from 2000 to 2020. Totally, 113 patients with non-metastatic OSA at diagnosis were included. The majority were treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This was continued when the postoperative necrosis rate was >90% (good response [GR]), whereas most cases with <90% (poor response [PR]) were changed to chemotherapy. The HDC regimen was composed of melphalan, etoposide, and carboplatin. Results The median age at diagnosis was 12.6 years (range, 5.0–20.3), and 61.9% of patients were men. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 75.8% and 91.5%, respectively. Among these, 59 and 44 patients were included in the GR and PR groups, respectively. The GR group had a better 5-year EFS rate than the PR group (82.4% vs. 67.3%, p=0.071). Age at diagnosis, sex, tumor site, type of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and degree of tumor necrosis were not different between the PR-HDC (n=24) and PR-CC (n=20) groups. The 5-year EFS and OS rates in the PR-HDC (n=24) and PR-CC (n=20) groups were 78.6% and 53.6% (p=0.065) and 100% and 76.9% (p=0.024), respectively. In the Cox regression analysis, the PR-CC group (hazard ratio, 4.95; p=0.004) and age ≥12 years (hazard ratio, 2.68; p=0.024) were significant risk factors for 5-year EFS. Conclusions HDC showed favorable outcomes in patients with non-metastatic OSA and <90% necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Taek Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Yul An
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Cheon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Hongcheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyoung Jin Kang,
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Samuel G, Yadav A, Mounisamy P, Kayal S. An Audit of Delays in the Management of Non-Metastatic Osteosarcoma at a Tertiary Care Center in South India. Cureus 2022; 14:e27744. [PMID: 36106218 PMCID: PMC9446663 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Delays in the management of osteosarcoma (OGS) lead to tumor progression and the development of metastasis, resulting in a decrease in overall survival (OS). The primary objective of this study was to determine whether delays occur in implementing the individual steps in the management of OGS in South India. Methods In this study, core biopsy reports between October 2019 and October 2021 were retrospectively examined for a diagnosis of OGS. The primary outcome variables in this study were time to MRI, time to biopsy, time to biopsy report, time to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), time to surgery, and time to adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Statistical analysis was performed by comparing the outcome variables with the hypothesized mean. Results There were 38 patients with primary non-metastatic OGS. Of these, 92% received NACT, and 74% completed full treatment. The mean time to MRI was 11.3 ± 6.7 days, mean time to NACT was 15.3 ± 12.7 days, mean time to surgery was 31.1 ± 15.3 days, and mean time to ACT was 29.7 ± 10.1 days. Time to MRI was more than seven days in 68% of the cases, while time to NACT was more than seven days in 74%. Time to surgery was more than 21 days in 83% of the cases, and time to ACT was more than 21 days in 82% of the cases. Conclusion Based on our findings, there is a significant delay (p<0.05) in time to MRI, time to NACT, time to surgery, and time to ACT. The delay in time to surgery is more than the delay in time to MRI, time to NACT, and time to ACT. The delay is due to a variety of reasons, the most common being the long waiting period at the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gipson Samuel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Aashish Yadav
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Prabu Mounisamy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Smita Kayal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
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Eaton BR, Schwarz R, Vatner R, Yeh B, Claude L, Indelicato DJ, Laack N. Osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68 Suppl 2:e28352. [PMID: 32779875 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare tumor that requires complex multidisciplinary management. This paper reviews the general management and standard radiotherapy guidelines for osteosarcoma in both North America and Europe in a joined effort between the Children's Oncology Group and International Society of Pediatric Oncology. Standard treatment involves multiagent induction chemotherapy followed by surgical resection for local tumor control and consolidation local control to metastatic sites. Radiotherapy is reserved for cases with a marginal or incomplete resection or for definitive treatment in the case of unresectable disease. We present supporting data for the role of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree R Eaton
- Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rudolf Schwarz
- Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Outpatient Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Vatner
- Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brian Yeh
- Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Line Claude
- Radiation Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel J Indelicato
- Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nadia Laack
- Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Expression of miR‑542‑3p in osteosarcoma with miRNA microarray data, and its potential signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:974-983. [PMID: 30569116 PMCID: PMC6323234 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common pediatric primary bone tumor, with high malignancy rates and a poor prognosis following metastasis. At present, the role of microRNA (miR)-542-3p in OS remains to be elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression level of miR-542-3p in OS, and its potential molecular mechanisms, via a bioinformatics analysis. First, the expression of miR-542-3p in OS based on the continuous variables of the Gene Expression Omnibus database and PubMed was studied. Subsequently, the potential target genes of miR-542-3p were predicted using gene expression profiles and bioinformatics software. On the basis of the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, version 6.8, a study of gene ontology (GO) enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway knowledge base was conducted to explore the biological value of miR-542-3p in OS. Finally, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was completed using the STRING database. The expression of miR-542-3p in OS was revealed to be significantly higher compared with that in normal tissue. In total, 1,036 target genes of miR-542-3p were obtained. The results of the GO enrichment analysis revealed that the significant terms were ‘bone development’, ‘cell cycle arrest’ and ‘intracellular signal transduction’. The results of the KEGG analysis revealed the highlighted pathways that were targeted to miR-542-3p, including the sphingolipid signaling pathway (P=3.91×10−5), the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway (P=3.17×10−5) and the insulin signaling pathway (P=1.04×10−5). The PPI network revealed eight hub genes: Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, epidermal growth factor receptor, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, PI3K regulatory subunit 1, AKT1, and actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A, which may be the key target genes of miR-542-3p in OS. Taken together, these results have demonstrated that miR-542-3p was overexpressed in OS. The potential target genes and biological functions of miR-542-3p may provide novel insights into the differentially expressed genes that are involved in OS.
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Wu Y, Xu L, Yang P, Lin N, Huang X, Pan W, Li H, Lin P, Li B, Bunpetch V, Luo C, Jiang Y, Yang D, Huang M, Niu T, Ye Z. Survival Prediction in High-grade Osteosarcoma Using Radiomics of Diagnostic Computed Tomography. EBioMedicine 2018; 34:27-34. [PMID: 30026116 PMCID: PMC6116348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor 5-year survival rate in high-grade osteosarcoma (HOS) has not been increased significantly over the past 30 years. This work aimed to develop a radiomics nomogram for survival prediction at the time of diagnosis in HOS. In this retrospective study, an initial cohort of 102 HOS patients, diagnosed from January 2008 to March 2011, was used as the training cohort. Radiomics features were extracted from the pretreatment diagnostic computed tomography images. A radiomics signature was constructed with the lasso algorithm; then, a radiomics score was calculated to reflect survival probability by using the radiomics signature for each patient. A radiomics nomogram was developed by incorporating the radiomics score and clinical factors. A clinical model was constructed by using clinical factors only. The models were validated in an independent cohort comprising 48 patients diagnosed from April 2011 to April 2012. The performance of the nomogram was assessed with respect to its calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. The radiomics nomogram showed better calibration and classification capacity than the clinical model with AUC 0.86 vs. 0.79 for the training cohort, and 0.84 vs. 0.73 for the validation cohort. Decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical usefulness of the radiomics nomogram. A significant difference (p-value <.05; log-rank test) was observed between the survival curves of the nomogram-predicted survival and non-survival groups. The radiomics nomogram may assist clinicians in tailoring appropriate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China; Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China; Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Weibo Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China; Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Yangkang Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China; Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Disheng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Mi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tianye Niu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China; Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
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Colding-Rasmussen T, Thorn AP, Horstmann P, Rechnitzer C, Hjalgrim LL, Krarup-Hansen A, Petersen MM. Survival and prognostic factors at time of diagnosis in high-grade appendicular osteosarcoma: a 21 year single institution evaluation from east Denmark. Acta Oncol 2018; 57:420-425. [PMID: 28741397 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2017.1351620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival of patients with high-grade osteosarcoma (HOS), the most common primary bone cancer, has not improved significantly the last 30 years and the disease remains a major challenge. The purpose of this study is to evaluate survival in relation to prognostic factors at time of diagnosis among patients diagnosed with primary appendicular HOS in East Denmark between 1990 and 2010. MATERIAL AND METHODS 101 patients (median age = 20 years, female/male ratio = 56/45) diagnosed with primary appendicular high-grade osteosarcoma between 1990 and 2010 were included in this study. Initially, 156 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma between 1990 and 2010 were identified through the population based Regional Database of Pathology, which covers a population of approximately 2.7 million (east Denmark). 55 patients were excluded due to (A) tumor was low grade (n = 22), (B) located in axial skeleton (n = 18), (C) incorrect diagnosis (n = 11) or (D) biopsy represented a tumor relapse from a former primary osteosarcoma (n = 4). Overall survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. Prognostic factors were analyzed using uni- and multivariate cox-regression method with variables scored equally in the model. p Values <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The probability of 5- and 10-year survival was 51% (95% CI: 41-61) and 46% (95% CI: 36-56), respectively. Metastatic stage at diagnosis and tumor size ≥10 cm measured radiologically at the largest diameter were independent prognostic factors for decreased survival with significant increased hazard-risks of 3.5 (95% CI: 1.9-6.5) and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.1-3.6), respectively. DISCUSSION In this single institution evaluation of primary appendicular HOS we found 5-and 10-year survival rates consistent with international standards for this patient group. Distant metastases and tumor size ≥10 cm at the time of diagnosis were independent prognostic factors for decreased survival in our cohort. These results underline the importance of awareness and early referral from the primary sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Colding-Rasmussen
- The Musculoskeletal Tumour Section, The Department of Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrea Pohly Thorn
- The Musculoskeletal Tumour Section, The Department of Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Horstmann
- The Musculoskeletal Tumour Section, The Department of Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine Rechnitzer
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa Lyngsie Hjalgrim
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Mørk Petersen
- The Musculoskeletal Tumour Section, The Department of Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Li C, Xu B, Miu X, Deng Z, Liao H, Hao L. Inhibition of miRNA-21 attenuates the proliferation and metastasis of human osteosarcoma by upregulating PTEN. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1036-1040. [PMID: 29434694 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of micro (mi)RNA-21 in osteosarcoma cells, and its role in inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma. Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells and osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells were used to compare the expression of miRNA-21 using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. A miRNA-21 mimic or inhibitor were transfected into the MG-63 cells to upregulate and downregulate the expression of miRNA-21, respectively. The present study investigated the proliferation and invasion of transfected MG-63 cells using MTT and Transwell assays. Western blot analyses were used to investigate the regulation of important proteins in the phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (PTEN/PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Compared with hFOB1.19 cells, miRNA-21 expression was significantly upregulated in the MG-63 cells (P<0.01), which lead to increased proliferation. Downregulating miRNA-21 expression reduced the proliferation of MG-63 cells compared with hFOB1.19 cells. Invasion assays and western blot analyses revealed that the overexpression of miRNA-21 significantly enhanced the invasion ability of MG-63 cells and the expression of phosphorylated (p-)AKT, while downregulation of miRNA-21 expression reduced the protein level of AKT and p-AKT. In the MG-63 cells, miRNA-21 upregulation significantly inhibited the protein level of PTEN, resulting in significantly increased AKT and PI3K protein levels (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that the expression of miRNA-21, PI3K and AKT is increased in the osteosarcoma cell line MG-63, which results in reduced expression of PTEN and increased expression of proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and thus increases the aggressiveness of osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Binwu Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Miu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer most commonly seen in adolescents and young adults, is usually a high-grade malignancy characterized by a very high risk for the development of pulmonary metastases. High-grade osteosarcomas are usually treated by preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy and surgery, with a very limited number of active agents available. Rarer lower-grade variants such as parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma or low-grade central osteosarcoma are treated by surgery only. Imaging to search for possible metastases focuses on the lung. Computed tomography is the most sensitive method but cannot reliably distinguish small metastases from benign lesions. Advances of local imaging and surgical reconstruction now allow the use of limb-salvage in an ever-increasing proportion of patients. While still troubled by complications, non-invasive endoprosthesis-lengthening mechanisms have led to an increased uptake of limb-salvage, even for young, skeletally immature patients. Radiotherapy is employed when osteosarcomas cannot be removed with clear margins, but very high doses are required, and both proton and carbon-ion radiotherapy are under investigation. Unfortunately, the past 30 years have witnessed few, if any, survival improvements. Novel agents have not led to universally accepted changes of treatment standards. In patients with operable high-grade osteosarcomas, the extent of histological response to preoperative chemotherapy is a significant predictive factor for both local and systemic control. Attempts to improve prognosis by adapting postoperative treatment to response, recently tested in a randomized, prospective setting by the European and American Osteosarcoma Study Group, have not been proven to be beneficial. Many agree that only increased knowledge about osteosarcoma biology will lead to novel, effective treatment approaches and will be able to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan S Bielack
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hecker-Nolting
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Medical University Vienna and Children's Cancer Research Institute CCRI, Vienna, Austria
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Tsai YF, Huang CW, Chiang JH, Tsai FJ, Hsu YM, Lu CC, Hsiao CY, Yang JS. Gadolinium chloride elicits apoptosis in human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells through extrinsic signaling, intrinsic pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3421-3426. [PMID: 27748868 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd) compounds are important as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, and are potential anticancer agents. However, no report has shown the effect of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) on osteosarcoma in vitro. The present study investigated the apoptotic mechanism of GdCl3 on human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Our results indicated that GdCl3 significantly reduced cell viability of U-2 OS cells in a concentration-dependent manner. GdCl3 led to apoptotic cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation in U-2 OS cells as revealed by morphologic changes and TUNEL staining. Colorimetric assay analyses also showed that activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-4 occurred in GdCl3-treated U-2 OS cells. Pretreatment of cells with pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) and specific inhibitors of caspase-3/-8/-9 significantly reduced cell death caused by GdCl3. The increase of cytoplasmic Ca2+ level, ROS production and the decrease of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) were observed by flow cytometric analysis in U-2 OS cells after GdCl3 exposure. Western blot analyses demonstrated that the levels of Fas, FasL, cytochrome c, Apaf-1, GADD153 and GRP78 were upregulated in GdCl3-treated U-2 OS cells. In conclusion, death receptor, mitochondria-dependent and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways contribute to GdCl3-induced apoptosis in U-2 OS cells. GdCl3 might have potential to be used in treatment of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Feng Tsai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi County, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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