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Jeddi J, Niskanen J, Lessard BH, Sangoro J. Ion transport in polymerized ionic liquids: a comparison of polycation and polyanion systems. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39101858 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The correlation among chemical structure, mesoscale structure, and ion transport in 1,2,3-triazole-based polymerized ionic liquids (polyILs) featuring comparable polycation and polyanion backbones is investigated by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). Above the glass transition temperature, Tg, higher ionic conductivity is observed in polycation polyILs compared to their polyanion counterparts, and ion conduction is enhanced by increasing the counterion volume in both polycation or polyanion polyILs. Below Tg, polyanions show lower activation energy associated with ion conduction. However, the validity of the Barton-Nakajima-Namikawa relation indicates that hopping conduction is the dominant charge transport mechanism in all the polyILs studied. While a significant transition from a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann to Arrhenius type of thermal activation is observed below Tg, the decoupling index, often used to quantify the extent to which segmental dynamics and ion conduction are correlated, remains unaltered for the polyILs studied, suggesting that this index may not be a general parameter to characterize charge transport in polymerized ionic liquids. Furthermore, detailed analyses of the WAXS results indicate that both the mobile ion type and the structure of the pendant groups control mesoscale organization. These findings are discussed within the framework of recent models, which account for the subtle interplay between electrostatic and elastic forces in determining ion transport in polyILs. The findings demonstrate the intricate balance between the chemical structure and interactions in polyILs that determine ion conduction in this class of polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Jeddi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Jukka Niskanen
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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2
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Zhang J, Li H, Zhou X, Hu Q, Chen J, Tang L, Yang X, Gao J, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhao G, Dong S, Zhang S. Adhesive Zwitterionic Poly(ionic liquid) with Unprecedented Organic Solvent Resistance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403039. [PMID: 38805574 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of adhesives to organic solvents is of paramount importance in diverse industries. Unfortunately, many currently available adhesives exhibit either weak intermolecular chain interactions, resulting in insufficient resistance to organic solvents, or possess a permanent covalent crosslinked network, impeding recyclability. This study introduces an innovative approach to address this challenge by formulating zwitterionic poly(ionic liquid) (ZPIL) derivatives with robust dipole-dipole interactions, incorporating sulfonic anions and imidazolium cations. Due to its unique dynamic and electrostatic self-crosslinking structure, the ZPIL exhibits significant adhesion to various substrates and demonstrates excellent recyclability even after multiple adhesion tests. Significantly, ZPIL exhibits exceptional adhesion stability across diverse nonpolar and polar organic solvents, including ionic liquids, distinguishing itself from nonionic polymers and conventional poly(ionic liquid)s. Its adhesive performance remains minimally affected even after prolonged exposure to soaking conditions. The study presents a promising solution for the design of highly organic solvent-resistant materials for plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Qinyu Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jiayin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Liang Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Bei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Gai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Shengyi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
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3
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G Lopez C, Matsumoto A, Shen AQ. Dilute polyelectrolyte solutions: recent progress and open questions. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2635-2687. [PMID: 38427030 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes are a class of polymers possessing ionic groups on their repeating units. Since counterions can dissociate from the polymer backbone, polyelectrolyte chains are strongly influenced by electrostatic interactions. As a result, the physical properties of polyelectrolyte solutions are significantly different from those of electrically neutral polymers. The aim of this article is to highlight key results and some outstanding questions in the polyelectrolyte research from recent literature. We focus on the influence of electrostatics on conformational and hydrodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte chains. A compilation of experimental results from the literature reveals significant disparities with theoretical predictions. We also discuss a new class of polyelectrolytes called poly(ionic liquid)s that exhibit unique physical properties in comparison to ordinary polyelectrolytes. We conclude this review by listing some key research challenges in order to fully understand the conformation and dynamics of polyelectrolytes in solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Lopez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Atsushi Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui City, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
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Misenan MSM, Hempelmann R, Gallei M, Eren T. Phosphonium-Based Polyelectrolytes: Preparation, Properties, and Usage in Lithium-Ion Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2920. [PMID: 37447565 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorous is an essential element for the life of organisms, and phosphorus-based compounds have many uses in industry, such as flame retardancy reagents, ingredients in fertilizers, pyrotechnics, etc. Ionic liquids are salts with melting points lower than the boiling point of water. The term "polymerized ionic liquids" (PILs) refers to a class of polyelectrolytes that contain an ionic liquid (IL) species in each monomer repeating unit and are connected by a polymeric backbone to form macromolecular structures. PILs provide a new class of polymeric materials by combining some of the distinctive qualities of ILs in the polymer chain. Ionic liquids have been identified as attractive prospects for a variety of applications due to the high stability (thermal, chemical, and electrochemical) and high mobility of their ions, but their practical applicability is constrained because they lack the benefits of both liquids and solids, suffering from both leakage issues and excessive viscosity. PILs are garnering for developing non-volatile and non-flammable solid electrolytes. In this paper, we provide a brief review of phosphonium-based PILs, including their synthesis route, properties, advantages and drawbacks, and the comparison between nitrogen-based and phosphonium-based PILs. As phosphonium PILs can be used as polymer electrolytes in lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications, the conductivity and the thermo-mechanical properties are the most important features for this polymer electrolyte system. The chemical structure of phosphonium-based PILs that was reported in previous literature has been reviewed and summarized in this article. Generally, the phosphonium PILs that have more flexible backbones exhibit better conductivity values compared to the PILs that consist of a rigid backbone. At the end of this section, future directions for research regarding PILs are discussed, including the use of recyclable phosphorus from waste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rolf Hempelmann
- Transfercentre Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University and KIST Europe, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarene-Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tarik Eren
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, Davutpasa Campus, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey
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Morales A, Seelam S, Love SA, O'Malley SM, Hu X, Salas-de la Cruz D. Reduced graphene oxide influences morphology and thermal properties of silk/cellulose biocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123971. [PMID: 36898467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, research into biomaterials such as silk or cellulose has rapidly expanded due to their abundance, low cost, and tunable morphological as well as physicochemical properties. Cellulose is appealing due to its crystalline and amorphous polymorphs while silk is attractive due to its tunable secondary structure formations which is made up of flexible protein fibers. When these two biomacromolecules are mixed, their properties can be modified by changing their material composition and fabrication methodology, e.g., solvent type, coagulation agent, and temperature. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) can be used to increase molecular interactions and stabilization of natural polymers. In this study, we sought to determine how small amounts of rGO affect the carbohydrate crystallinity and protein secondary structure formation as well as physicochemical properties and how they affect overall ionic conductivity of cellulose-silk composites. Properties of fabricated silk and cellulose composites with and without rGO were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Scattering, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric Analysis. Our results show that addition of rGO influenced morphological and thermal properties of cellulose-silk biocomposites, specifically through cellulose crystallinity and silk β-sheet content which further impacted ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abneris Morales
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America
| | - Sneha Seelam
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America
| | - Stacy A Love
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America
| | - Sean M O'Malley
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America; Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - David Salas-de la Cruz
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States of America.
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Lee JS, Taghavimehr M, Montazami R, Green MD. Synthesis and characterization of poly(tetramethylene oxide)-based segmented ionenes block copolymer with aliphatic or DABCO hard segments. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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7
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Xue B, Zhao X, Yin J. Electrorheological and dielectric analysis of self-crosslinked poly(ionic liquid)s with different flexible chain spacer. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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8
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Dong Y, Zhao X, Peng C, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Xu X, Yin J. Enhanced electrorheological effectiveness and temperature effect of suspensions based on poly(ionic liquid)s neutralized with mixed counterions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Outerelo Corvo T, Jourdain A, O’Brien S, Restagno F, Drockenmuller E, Chennevière A. Multiscale Structure of Poly(ionic liquid)s in Bulk and Solutions by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Outerelo Corvo
- Université Paris Saclay, Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12 CNRS-CEA, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Antoine Jourdain
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223, Lyon F-69003, France
| | - Shona O’Brien
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223, Lyon F-69003, France
| | - Frédéric Restagno
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Eric Drockenmuller
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223, Lyon F-69003, France
| | - Alexis Chennevière
- Université Paris Saclay, Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12 CNRS-CEA, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
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10
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Grim BJ, Green MD. Thermodynamics and Structure‐Property Relationships of Charged Block Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Grim
- Chemical Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287
| | - Matthew D. Green
- Chemical Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287
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11
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12
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Xue B, He F, Zhao X, Yin J. Electro-responsive electrorheological effect and dielectric spectra analysis of topological self-crosslinked poly(ionic liquid)s. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Palácio G, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV. Fingerprint of semi-crystalline structure memory in the thermal and ionic conduction properties of amorphous ureasil-polyether hybrid solid electrolytes. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5225-5235. [PMID: 35425554 PMCID: PMC8981479 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09138g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correlations among the structure, thermal properties, and ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) were studied using a ureasil-polyethylene oxide (U-PEO) organic-inorganic hybrid prepared according to a simple sol-gel route, employing a low molecular weight PEO macromer (M w = 1900 g mol-1). The behavior of an amorphous sample loaded with lithium triflate (LiTFSI) at an optimum ratio between ether oxygen and lithium (EO/Li+ = 15) was compared with that of a semicrystalline sample prepared without salt loading. The temperature range investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and complex impedance spectroscopy covered both the glass transition and the melting temperature of the U-PEO. The gauche to trans conformational transformation of the (O-C-C-O)Li+ sequence showed similarity between the temperature evolution of the semi-crystalline U-PEO and amorphous U-PEO:Li+ samples, providing an indication of the local structural memory of crystalline state in the amorphous SPE. The linear thermal expansion of the average correlation distance between the siloxane crosslink nodes and the long-distance period of the lamellar semi-crystalline edifice were determined by SAXS. Comparison of the expansion curves suggested that although the siloxane nodes were excluded from the PEO crystalline edifice, the sharp expansion of the amorphous region between the lamellae during melting permitted modulation of the free volume of the hybrid network. In addition, the temperature-induced Li+-EO decomplexation observed by Raman spectroscopy explained the change of the average activation energy of the conduction process revealed by the different Arrhenius regimes. These results evidence the key role of the ionic conductivity decoupling from the segmental motion of chain pair channels on the improvement of ion mobility through the free volume between chains. This concept may inspire materials chemistry researchers to design optimized structures of polymer electrolytes with minimized structural memory of crystaline building blocks and improved ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Palácio
- Chemistry Institute of the São Paulo State University, UNESP 14800-060 Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sandra H Pulcinelli
- Chemistry Institute of the São Paulo State University, UNESP 14800-060 Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Celso V Santilli
- Chemistry Institute of the São Paulo State University, UNESP 14800-060 Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
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14
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Electrorheology and dielectric polarization of backbone, pendant and cross-linked poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Yang Q, Zhang Q, Zhu S, Cai W. Exploration of Ion Transport in Blends of an Ionic Liquid and a Polymerized Ionic Liquid Graft Copolymer. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:716-722. [PMID: 35042331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a composite membrane consisting of a poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium-tetrafluoroborate) (poly([BVIM]-[BF4])) polymerized ionic liquid graft copolymer (PILGC) and a blend of PILGC and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]-[BF4]) ionic liquid (IL) to explore techniques for improving the conductivity of PILGCs, which is normally three orders of magnitude lower than that of ILs. PILGCs, which are environmentally friendly, have attracted much interest. To gain a better understanding of ion transport in composites, the mechanisms of ion transport in composite components should be explored. We investigated anion transport in ILs and PILGCs and were able to obtain the correct ion transport mechanisms in IL-PILGC blends based on a previous work. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which are commonly used to investigate molecular mechanisms. According to the MD simulation results, in most IL-PILGC blends of various compositions, the contributions of cations are greater than those of anions. This is one reason that blends have higher conductivities than their component PILGCs. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to identify ion transport mechanisms in PILGCs and their blends with ILs by exploring subdiffusive ion motion regimes. The ratio of the number of cages with more than three cationic branch chains in the blend with 50 wt % PILGC, the blend with 80 wt % PILGC, and the PILGC was 0.26:0.39:0.65. Therefore, the ratio of firm cages gets a promotion as the PILGC content increases. Because the ratio of fast ions decreases as the ratio of firm cages increases, the blend with 80 wt % PILGC has lower anion diffusivities than the blend with 50 wt % PILGC. It was inappropriate to probe ion transport in PILGCs (or IL-PILGC blends) solely via analyzing ion association interactions. Analysis of only ion association interactions led to the incorrect conclusion that the time scales of ion transport in PILGCs are given by the continuous ion association time, which is the time when the ion association remains paired rather than the time when an ion is caught inside a cage. Proper methods should be used to obtain more accurate theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shenlin Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weibin Cai
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
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Chen TL, Lathrop PM, Sun R, Elabd YA. Lithium-Ion Transport in Poly(ionic liquid) Diblock Copolymer Electrolytes: Impact of Salt Concentration and Cation and Anion Chemistry. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ling Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Patrick M. Lathrop
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Yossef A. Elabd
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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17
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Jing BB, Mata P, Zhao Q, Evans CM. Effects of crosslinking density and Lewis acidic sites on conductivity and viscoelasticity of dynamic network electrolytes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian B. Jing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Beckman Institute of Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
| | - Patricia Mata
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
| | - Qiujie Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
| | - Christopher M. Evans
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
- Beckman Institute of Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois USA
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18
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Impact of Backbone Amide Substitution at the Meta- and Para-Positions on the Gas Barrier Properties of Polyimide. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092097. [PMID: 33919262 PMCID: PMC8122393 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study designed and synthesised a meta-amide-substituted dianiline monomer (m-DABA) as a stereoisomer of DABA, a previously investigated para-amide-substituted dianiline monomer. This new monomer was polymerised with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) to prepare a polyimide film (m-DABPI) in a process similar to that employed in a previous study. The relationship between the substitution positions on the monomer and the gas barrier properties of the polyimide film was investigated via molecular simulation, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD), and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) to gain deeper insights into the gas barrier mechanism. The results showed that compared with the para-substituted DABPI, the m-DABPI exhibited better gas barrier properties, with a water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) and an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) as low as 2.8 g·m−2·d−1 and 3.3 cm3·m−2·d−1, respectively. This was because the meta-linked polyimide molecular chains were more tightly packed, leading to a smaller free volume and lower molecular chain mobility. These properties are not conducive to the permeation of small molecules into the film; thus, the gas barrier properties were improved. The findings have significant implications for the structural design of high-barrier materials and could promote the development of flexible display technology.
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Zhao Q, Evans CM. Effect of Molecular Weight on Viscosity Scaling and Ion Transport in Linear Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christopher M. Evans
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Cao W, Tan L, Wang H, Yuan J. Dual-Cationic Poly(ionic liquid)s Carrying 1,2,4-Triazolium and Imidazolium Moieties: Synthesis and Formation of a Single-Component Porous Membrane. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:161-166. [PMID: 33489467 PMCID: PMC7818656 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Both imidazolium and 1,2,4-triazolium cations are important functional moieties widely incorporated as building blocks in poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs). In a classical model, a PIL usually contains either imidazolium or 1,2,4-triazolium in its repeating unit. Herein, via exploiting the slight reactivity difference of alkyl bromide with imidazole and 1,2,4-triazole at room temperature, we synthesized dual-cationic PIL homopolymers carrying both imidazolium and 1,2,4-triazolium moieties in the same repeating unit, that is, an asymmetrically dicationic unit. We investigated their fundamental properties, for example, thermal stability and solubility, as well as their unique function in forming supramolecular porous membranes via a water-initiated phase-separation and cross-linking process. With such knowledge, we identified a water-based fabricate strategy toward air-stable porous membranes from single-component PILs. This study will enrich the design tools and chemical structure library of PILs and expand their application spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Liangxiao Tan
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Hong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education),
Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
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21
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Liu H, Luo X, Sokolov AP, Paddison SJ. Quantitative Evidence of Mobile Ion Hopping in Polymerized Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:372-381. [PMID: 33393762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were performed, and an extensive set of analyses were undertaken to understand the ion transport mechanism in the polymerized ionic liquid poly(C2VIm)Tf2N. The ion hopping events were investigated at different time scales. Ion hopping was examined by monitoring the instantaneous cation-anion association and dissociation. Ion diffusion was subsequently evaluated with correlation functions and the calculation of relaxation times at different time scales. Dynamical heterogeneity in the mobility of the ions was observed with only a small portion of the anions classified as fast mobile ions. The mobile ions were characterized as the ones traveling farther than a certain distance during a characteristic period, which was much longer than the time scale of the instant ion pair dissociation. Effective hopping of the mobile ions contributed to the diffusivity which was dominated by interchain hopping and generally facilitated with five associating cations from two different polymer chains. Mobile anions had relatively fewer associating cations from more associating chains than immobile anions. The stringlike cooperative motion was observed in the mobile anions. The string length was determined to decrease with increasing temperature. These findings provided an in-depth understanding of the ion transport in polymerized ionic liquids and important information for the rational design of novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xubo Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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22
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Liu YW, Tang A, Tan JH, He P, Zhang X, Wu D, Li YH, Zhao XQ, Zhang HL. Synthesis, gas barrier and molecular simulation of intrinsic high-barrier polyimide bearing carbazole and amide. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Synthesis, properties, and molecular simulations of high‐barrier polyimide containing carbazole moiety and amide group in the main chain. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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24
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Liu Y, Tang A, Tan J, Li Y, Wu D, Zhang X, Zhao X, He P, Zhang H. High-barrier polyimide containing fluorenol moiety: Gas barrier properties and molecular simulations. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Nwosu C, Pandey TP, Herring AM, Seifert S, Coughlin EB. Optimization of anionic conductivity through the coexistence of ionomer cluster and backbone‐backbone morphologies in anion exchange membranes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinomso Nwosu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - Tara P. Pandey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado USA
| | - Andrew M. Herring
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado USA
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X‐ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA
| | - E. Bryan Coughlin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
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26
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Zhang ZK, Guo XS, Zhang TY, Wang RY, Du BY, Xu JT. Hierarchical Structures with Double Lower Disorder-to-Order Transition and Closed-Loop Phase Behaviors in Charged Block Copolymers Bearing Long Alkyl Side Groups. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Bin-Yang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun-Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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27
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High-Barrier Polyimide Containing Carbazole Moiety: Synthesis, Gas Barrier Properties, and Molecular Simulations. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092048. [PMID: 32911839 PMCID: PMC7565694 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-barrier polyimide (2,7-CPI) was synthesized through the polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and a novel diamine (2,7-CDA) containing carbazole moiety. The synthesized diamine and polyimide were fully characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR and NMR. The 2,7-CPI displays very attractive barrier performances, with oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) low to 0.14 cm3·m−2·day−1 and 0.05 g·m−2·day−1, respectively. Meanwhile, 2,7-CPI also exhibits exceptional thermal stability with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 467 °C, 5% weight-loss temperature (Td5%) of 550 °C under N2 and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 3.4 ppm/K. The barrier performances of 2,7-CPI are compared with those of a structural analogue (2,7-CPPI) and a typical polyimide (Kapton). Their barrier performances with respect to microstructure were investigated by molecular simulations, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The results show that 2,7-CPI possesses better coplanar structure and more number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds among the three PIs, which result in tight chain packing and thereby high crystallinity, low free volume, and decreased chains mobility. That is, the high crystallinity and low free volume of 2,7-CPI reduce the diffusion and solubility of gases. Meanwhile, the poor chains mobility further decreases the gases diffusion. The reduced diffusion and solubility of gases consequently promote the improvement of barrier properties for 2,7-CPI. The polyimide has a wide application prospect in the field of flexible electronic packaging industries.
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28
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Influence of geometry of mobile countercations on conductivity, polarization and electrorheological effect of polymeric anionic liquids at ice point temperature. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Chen X, Spiering GA, Slebodnick C, Long TE, Moore RB. Deciphering the 3D Microstructures of a Doubly Charged Homopolymer through a Complementary Correlation of Monomer Crystallography and Polymer Powder X-ray Diffraction. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Glenn A. Spiering
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Robert B. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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30
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Gough CR, Rivera-Galletti A, Cowan DA, Salas-de la Cruz D, Hu X. Protein and Polysaccharide-Based Fiber Materials Generated from Ionic Liquids: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E3362. [PMID: 32722182 PMCID: PMC7435976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural biomacromolecules such as structural proteins and polysaccharides are composed of the basic building blocks of life: amino acids and carbohydrates. Understanding their molecular structure, self-assembly and interaction in solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs) is critical for unleashing a flora of new materials, revolutionizing the way we fabricate multi-structural and multi-functional systems with tunable physicochemical properties. Ionic liquids are superior to organic solvents because they do not produce unwanted by-products and are considered green substitutes because of their reusability. In addition, they will significantly improve the miscibility of biopolymers with other materials while maintaining the mechanical properties of the biopolymer in the final product. Understanding and controlling the physicochemical properties of biopolymers in ionic liquids matrices will be crucial for progress leading to the ability to fabricate robust multi-level structural 1D fiber materials. It will also help to predict the relationship between fiber conformation and protein secondary structures or carbohydrate crystallinity, thus creating potential applications for cell growth signaling, ionic conductivity, liquid diffusion and thermal conductivity, and several applications in biomedicine and environmental science. This will also enable the regeneration of biopolymer composite fiber materials with useful functionalities and customizable options critical for additive manufacturing. The specific capabilities of these fiber materials have been shown to vary based on their fabrication methods including electrospinning and post-treatments. This review serves to provide basic knowledge of these commonly utilized protein and polysaccharide biopolymers and their fiber fabrication methods from various ionic liquids, as well as the effect of post-treatments on these fiber materials and their applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical research, wound healing, environmental filters and sustainable and green chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Gough
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Ashley Rivera-Galletti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Darrel A. Cowan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - David Salas-de la Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Camden, NJ 08102, USA;
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
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31
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The Impact of Composition and Morphology on Ionic Conductivity of Silk/Cellulose Bio-Composites Fabricated from Ionic Liquid and Varying Percentages of Coagulation Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134695. [PMID: 32630158 PMCID: PMC7370005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blended biocomposites created from the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between polysaccharides and structural proteins exhibit useful and unique properties. However, engineering these biopolymers into applicable forms is challenging due to the coupling of the material’s physicochemical properties to its morphology, and the undertaking that comes with controlling this. In this particular study, numerous properties of the Bombyx mori silk and microcrystalline cellulose biocomposites blended using ionic liquid and regenerated with various coagulation agents were investigated. Specifically, the relationship between the composition of polysaccharide-protein bio-electrolyte membranes and the resulting morphology and ionic conductivity is explored using numerous characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanoindentation, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). The results revealed that when silk is the dominating component in the biocomposite, the ionic conductivity is higher, which also correlates with higher β-sheet content. However, when cellulose becomes the dominating component in the biocomposite, this relationship is not observed; instead, cellulose semicrystallinity and mechanical properties dominate the ionic conduction.
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32
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Influence of Tethered Ions on Electric Polarization and Electrorheological Property of Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122896. [PMID: 32586055 PMCID: PMC7356505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) show potential to be used as new water-free polyelectrolyte-based electrorheological (ER) material. To direct ER material design at the molecular level, unveiling structure-property relationships is essential. While a few studies compare the mobile ions in PILs there is still a limited understanding of how the structure of tethered counterions on backbone influences ER property. In this study, three PILs with same mobile anions but different tethered countercations (e.g., poly(dimethyldiallylammonium) P[DADMA]+, poly(benzylethyl) trimethylammonium P[VBTMA]+, and poly(1-ethyl-4-vinylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) P[C2VIm]+) are prepared and the influence of tethered countercations on the ER property of PILs is investigated. It shows that among these PILs, P[DADMA]+ PILs have the strongest ER property and P[C2VIm]+ PILs have the weakest one. By combining dielectric spectra analysis with DFT calculation and activation energy measurement, it can clarify that the influence of tethered counterions on ER property is mainly associated with ion-pair interaction energy that is affecting ionic conductivity and interfacial polarization induced by ion motion. P[DADMA]+ has the smallest ion-pair interaction energy with mobile ions, which can result in the highest ionic conductivity and the fastest interfacial polarization rate for its strongest ER property.
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33
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Choi UH, Price TL, Schoonover DV, Gibson HW, Colby RH. The Effect of Oligo(oxyethylene) Moieties on Ion Conduction and Dielectric Properties of Norbornene-Based Imidazolium Tf 2N Ionic Liquid Monomers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Terry L. Price
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Daniel V. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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34
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Xiao W, Yang Q, Zhu S. Comparing ion transport in ionic liquids and polymerized ionic liquids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7825. [PMID: 32385380 PMCID: PMC7210282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids (polyILs) combine the unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) with macromolecular polymers. But anion diffusivities in polyILs can be three orders of magnitude lower than that in ILs. Endeavors to improve ion transport in polyILs urgently need in-depth insights of ion transport in polyILs. As such in the work we compared ion transport in poly (1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium-tetrafluoroborate) (poly ([BVIM]-[BF4])) polyIL and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]-[BF4]) IL. The diffusivities of ions in the polyIL and IL were measured and computed. According to the results of the molecular dynamics simulations performed, in the IL the coupling motion between an anion and the ions around determines the ion diffusivities, and the ion association lifetime gives the time scale of ion transport. But in the polyIL, the hopping of an anion among cages composed of cationic branch chains determines the diffusivity, and the associated anion transport time scale is the trap time, which is the time when an anion is caught inside a cage, not the ion association lifetime, as Mogurampelly et al. regarded. The calculation results of average displacements (ADs) of the polyIL chains show that, besides free volume fraction, average amplitudes of the oscillation of chains and chain translation speed lead to various diffusivities at various temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangchuan Xiao
- School of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Sanming University, Fujian, 365004, China
| | - Quan Yang
- School of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Sanming University, Fujian, 365004, China.
| | - Shenlin Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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35
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Pipertzis A, Papamokos G, Mühlinghaus M, Mezger M, Scherf U, Floudas G. What Determines the Glass Temperature and dc-Conductivity in Imidazolium-Polymerized Ionic Liquids with a Polythiophene Backbone? Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas Pipertzis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Papamokos
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Markus Mezger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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36
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Zhao J, Lei Q, He F, Zheng C, Liu Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Nonmonotonic Influence of Size of Quaternary Ammonium Countercations on Micromorphology, Polarization, and Electroresponse of Anionic Poly(ionic liquid)s. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2920-2929. [PMID: 32182069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The size influence of quaternary ammonium countercations in poly[4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide][tetraalkylammonium] (P[STFSI][Nnnnn], n = 1, 2, and 3) poly(ionic liquid)s on dielectric polarization and the stimuli-responsive electrorheological effect is investigated by dielectric spectroscopy and rheology, and the microstructure-level understanding behind the influence is analyzed by Raman and X-ray scattering spectra. The size influence of quaternary ammonium cations is found to be nonmonotonic. The largest electrorheological effect accompanied by best polarization properties is demonstrated in P[STFSI][N2222]. Raman spectra and activation energy measurements demonstrate that the nonmonotonic influence originates from the fact that, compared to small N1111+ and large N3333+, intermediate N2222+ as countercations can contribute a higher mobile ion number and lower activation energy barrier of ion dissociation and motion. But the experimental values of activation energy are not consistent with theoretically calculated values by considering the ion pair electrostatic potential and elastic force contribution of the matrix. By X-ray scattering and diffraction characterizations, it is clarified that the nonmonotonic influence and the inconsistency of activation energy originate from the size influence of Nnnnn+ on the micromorphology of P[STFSI][Nnnnn]. Compared to the semicrystalline structure of P[STFSI][N1111] and the ionic aggregation structure of P[STFSI][N3333], the relatively uniform amorphous structure of P[STFSI][N2222] may be responsible for its lower activation energy barrier of ion motion. This study further provides insights into the design and preparation of future poly(ionic liquid)-based electrorheological materials by considering not only molecular structure but also micromorphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Qi Lei
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Fang He
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Jianbo Yin
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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37
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Lindenmeyer KM, Johnson RD, Miller KM. Self-healing behaviour of furan–maleimide poly(ionic liquid) covalent adaptable networks. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00016g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recovery of mechanical (tensile testing) and conductive (chronoamperometric cycling) properties was observed for PIL networks containing thermoreversible furan–maleimide crosslinks.
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38
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Chen X, Talley SJ, Haag JV, Spiering GA, Liu B, Drummey KJ, Murayama M, Moore RB, Long TE. Doubly Charged ABA Triblock Copolymers: Thermomechanically Robust Physical Network and Hierarchical Microstructures. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Wang Z, Zhao J, Zheng C, Liu Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Enhanced interfacial polarization and electro-responsive characteristic of di-ionic poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Yahia M, Mei S, Mathew AP, Yuan J. Linear Main-Chain 1,2,4-Triazolium Poly(ionic liquid)s: Single-Step Synthesis and Stabilization of Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1372-1377. [PMID: 35651167 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Linear main-chain 1,2,4-triazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) were synthesized in this contribution. The polymerization process is experimentally very simple and involves only a single-step polycondensation of a commercially available monomer in DMSO as solvent at 120 °C. Their thermal stability and solubility were analyzed in terms of different counteranions. Due to the ease of this synthetic route, it was readily applied to graft onto sulfonated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) via a one-step in situ polymerization. The as-synthesized PIL@CNC hybrid colloids exhibit adaptive dispensability in water and organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yahia
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Shilin Mei
- Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germnay
| | - Aji P. Mathew
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Abbott LJ, Lawson JW. Effects of Side Chain Length on Ionic Aggregation and Dynamics in Polymer Single-Ion Conductors. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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42
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Kuray P, Noda T, Matsumoto A, Iacob C, Inoue T, Hickner MA, Runt J. Ion Transport in Pendant and Backbone Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeru Noda
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsumoto
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ciprian Iacob
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, ICSI, Rm. Valcea 240050, Romania
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tadashi Inoue
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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43
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Liu Y, Zhao J, He F, Zheng C, Lei Q, Zhao X, Yin J. Ion transport, polarization and electro-responsive elelctrorheological effect of self-crosslinked poly(ionic liquid)s with different counterions. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Wieland F, Bocharova V, Münzner P, Hiller W, Sakrowski R, Sternemann C, Böhmer R, Sokolov AP, Gainaru C. Structure and dynamics of short-chain polymerized ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:034903. [PMID: 31325936 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining experimental results obtained with X-ray scattering and field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and an assessment of new and previous dielectric and rheology data, our study focuses on the molecular weight (Mw) evolution of local structure and dynamics in a homologous series of covalently bonded ionic liquids. Performed on a family of electrolytes with a tailored degree of ionic decoupling, this study reveals the differences between monomeric and oligomeric melts with respect to their structural organization, mass and charge transport, and molecular diffusion. Our study demonstrates that for the monomeric compound, the broadband conductivity and mechanical spectra reflect the same underlying distribution of activation barriers and that the Random Barrier Model describes fairly well both the ionic and structural relaxation processes in these materials. Moreover, the oligomers with chains comprising ten segments only exhibit both structural and dynamical fingerprints of a genuine polymer. A comparison of conductivity levels estimated using the self-diffusion coefficients probed via NMR and those probed directly with dielectric spectroscopy reveals the emerging of ion correlations which are affecting the macroscopic charge transport in these materials in a chain-length dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wieland
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - V Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - P Münzner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - W Hiller
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Sakrowski
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C Sternemann
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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45
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Nie FM, Cui J, Zhou YF, Pan L, Ma Z, Li YS. Molecular-Level Tuning toward Aggregation Dynamics of Self-Healing Materials. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Min Nie
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jing Cui
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Sheng Li
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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46
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Wang T, Zhou Q, Ren X, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Shehzad FK, Iqbal A. Incorporation of Keggin-Type Phosphomolybdic Acid, Ionic Liquid and Carbon Nanotube Leading to Formation of Multifunctional Ternary Composite Materials: Fabrication, Characterization and Electrochemical Reduction/Detection of Iodate, Borate and Nitrite. J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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47
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Sun R, Meek KM, Ho HC, Elabd YA. Nitrogen‐doped carbons derived from poly(ionic liquid)s with various backbones and cations. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Kelly M Meek
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden CO USA
| | - Hoi Chun Ho
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - Yossef A Elabd
- Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
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48
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Blessing B, Trout C, Morales A, Rybacki K, Love SA, Lamoureux G, O'Malley SM, Hu X, Salas‐de la Cruz D. Morphology and ionic conductivity relationship in silk/cellulose biocomposites. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory Trout
- Computational and Integrative BiologyRutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | | | - Karleena Rybacki
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Stacy A Love
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Guillaume Lamoureux
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Sean M O'Malley
- Computational and Integrative BiologyRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biomedical EngineeringRowan University Glassboro NJ USA
| | - David Salas‐de la Cruz
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University Camden NJ USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University Camden NJ USA
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49
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Liu Y, Zhao J, He F, Zheng C, Zhao X, Yin J. Influence of alkyl spacer length on ion transport, polarization and electro-responsive electrorheological effect of self-crosslinked poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Lee M, Kwon YK, Kim J, Choi UH. Effect of Poly(ethylene glycol) Crystallization on Ionic Conduction and Dielectric Response of Imidazolium-Based Copolyester Ionomers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 55150, Korea
| | - Yong Ku Kwon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jehan Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
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