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Youn I, Han AR, Piao D, Lee H, Kwak H, Lee Y, Nam JW, Seo EK. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the genus Alpinia from 2016 to 2023. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:1346-1367. [PMID: 38717742 DOI: 10.1039/d4np00004h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Covering 2016 up to the end of 2023Alpinia is the largest genus of flowering plants in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, and comprises about 500 species. Many Alpinia are commonly cultivated ornamental plants, and some are used as spices or traditional medicine to treat inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and cancers. However, only a few comprehensive reviews have been published on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of this genus, and the latest review was published in 2017. In this review, we provide an extensive coverage of the studies on Alpinia species reported from 2016 through 2023, including newly isolated compounds and potential biological effects. The present review article shows that Alpinia species have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, most due to the activities of diarylheptanoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isoo Youn
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Donglan Piao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwaryeong Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunkyung Kwak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeju Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Kubat Oktem E, Demir U, Yazar M, Arga KY. Three candidate anticancer drugs were repositioned by integrative analysis of the transcriptomes of species with different regenerative abilities after injury. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 106:107934. [PMID: 37487250 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration is a homeostatic process that involves the restoration of cells and body parts. Most of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in wound healing, such as proliferation, have also been associated with cancer cell growth, suggesting that cancer is an over/unhealed wound. In this study, we examined differentially expressed genes in spinal cord samples from regenerative organisms (axolotl and zebrafish) and nonregenerative organisms (mouse and rat) compared to intact control spinal cord samples using publicly available transcriptomics data and bioinformatics analyses. Based on these gene signatures, we investigated 3 small compounds, namely cucurbitacin I, BMS-754807, and PHA-793887 as potential candidates for the treatment of cancer. The predicted target genes of the repositioned compounds were mainly enriched with the greatest number of genes in cancer pathways. The molecular docking results on the binding affinity between the repositioned compounds and their target genes are also reported. The repositioned 3 small compounds showed anticancer effect both in 2D and 3D cell cultures using the prostate cancer cell line as a model. We propose cucurbitacin I, BMS-754807, and PHA-793887 as potential anticancer drug candidates. Future studies on the mechanisms associated with the revealed gene signatures and anticancer effects of these three small compunds would allow scientists to develop therapeutic approaches to combat cancer. This research contributes to the evaluation of mechanisms and gene signatures that either limit or cause cancer, and to the development of new cancer therapies by establishing a link between regeneration and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kubat Oktem
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ummuhan Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medeniyet University, Science and Advanced Technology Research Center (BILTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yazar
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Guo K, Wang L, Zhong Y, Gao S, Jing R, Ye J, Zhang K, Fu M, Hu Z, Zhao W, Xu N. Cucurbitacin promotes hair growth in mice by inhibiting the expression of fibroblast growth factor 18. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1104. [PMID: 36388783 PMCID: PMC9652544 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibition of fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) promotes the transition of hair follicles (HFs) from the telogen phase to the anagen phase. Cucurbitacin has been shown to have a good effect in promoting hair cell growth. This study explored the potential effect of cucurbitacin on hair growth and its effect on FGF18 expression in mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the following two groups: (I) the vehicle group; and (II) the cucurbitacin group. Matrix cream and cucurbitacin cream were applied to the depilated skin on the back of the vehicle group mice and the cucurbitacin group mice, respectively. On days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18, the hair growth in the depilated dorsal skin of the mice was recorded with a digital camera and a HF detector, and the HF cycle status of the mice was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In addition, the level of FGF18 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in the dorsal skin was measured on days 15 and 18 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while the level of FGF18 protein was measured by western blot and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The dorsal skin to which the cucurbitacin cream was applied began to darken on day 6 and grew hairs on day 9, which was 3 days earlier than the dorsal skin to which the matrix cream was applied. The H&E staining revealed a transition from the telogen phase to the anagen phase 3 days earlier for the cucurbitacin cream-treated skin than the matrix cream-treated skin. In addition, the skin treated with cucurbitacin cream also showed a significant decrease in FGF18 mRNA as seen by qRT-PCR, and reduced FGF18 protein levels as detected by western blot and immunofluorescence staining compared to the skin treated with matrix cream only. CONCLUSIONS Cucurbitacin significantly reduced the levels of FGF18 mRNA and protein in the dorsal skin of mice to accelerate the HFs to enter the anagen phase earlier, thereby promoting the regeneration of hair. Thus, cucurbitacin can be considered a new and valuable agent for the development of anti-hair loss products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lusheng Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yulan Zhong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Jing
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Ye
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaini Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengli Fu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wengang Zhao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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Palkina KA, Ipatova DA, Shakhova ES, Balakireva AV, Markina NM. Therapeutic Potential of Hispidin-Fungal and Plant Polyketide. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050323. [PMID: 33922000 PMCID: PMC8143579 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a large number of bioactive polyketides well-known for their anticancer, antibiotic, cholesterol-lowering, and other therapeutic functions, and hispidin is among them. It is a highly abundant secondary plant and fungal metabolite, which is investigated in research devoted to cancer, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and viral diseases. This review summarizes over 20 years of hispidin studies of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antiviral, and anti-cancer cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia A. Palkina
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.P.); (D.A.I.); (E.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria A. Ipatova
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.P.); (D.A.I.); (E.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S. Shakhova
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.P.); (D.A.I.); (E.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia V. Balakireva
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.P.); (D.A.I.); (E.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda M. Markina
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.P.); (D.A.I.); (E.S.S.); (A.V.B.)
- Planta LLC, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9161342855
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Dell’Acqua G, Richards A, Thornton MJ. The Potential Role of Nutraceuticals as an Adjuvant in Breast Cancer Patients to Prevent Hair Loss Induced by Endocrine Therapy. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113537. [PMID: 33217935 PMCID: PMC7698784 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals, natural dietary and botanical supplements offering health benefits, provide a basis for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Use of CAM by healthy individuals and patients with medical conditions is rapidly increasing. For the majority of breast cancer patients, treatment plans involve 5–10 yrs of endocrine therapy, but hair loss/thinning is a common side effect. Many women consider this significant, severely impacting on quality of life, even leading to non-compliance of therapy. Therefore, nutraceuticals that stimulate/maintain hair growth can be proposed. Although nutraceuticals are often available without prescription and taken at the discretion of patients, physicians can be reluctant to recommend them, even as adjuvants, since potential interactions with endocrine therapy have not been fully elucidated. It is, therefore, important to understand the modus operandi of ingredients to be confident that their use will not interfere/interact with therapy. The aim is to improve clinical/healthcare outcomes by combining specific nutraceuticals with conventional care whilst avoiding detrimental interactions. This review presents the current understanding of nutraceuticals beneficial to hair wellness and outcomes concerning efficacy/safety in breast cancer patients. We will focus on describing endocrine therapy and the role of estrogens in cancer and hair growth before evaluating the effects of natural ingredients on breast cancer and hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Julie Thornton
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD17 7DF, UK
- Correspondence:
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Shahinozzaman M, Basak B, Emran R, Rozario P, Obanda DN. Artepillin C: A comprehensive review of its chemistry, bioavailability, and pharmacological properties. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104775. [PMID: 33152464 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Artepillin C (ARC), a prenylated derivative of p-coumaric acid, is one of the major phenolic compounds found in Brazilian green propolis (BGP) and its botanical source Baccharis dracunculifolia. Numerous studies on ARC show that its beneficial health effects correlate with the health effects of both BGP and B. dracunculifolia. Its wide range of pharmacological benefits include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer effects. Most studies have focused on anti-oxidation, inflammation, diabetic, and cancers using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Mechanisms underlying anti-cancer properties of ARC are apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), a protein characterized in many human diseases/disorders including COVID-19 infection. Therefore, further pre-clinical and clinical studies with ARC are necessary to explore its potential as intervention for a wide variety of diseases including the recent pandemic coronaviral infection. This review summarizes the comprehensive data on the pharmacological effects of ARC and could be a guideline for its future study and therapeutic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahinozzaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Bristy Basak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Rashiduzzaman Emran
- Department of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Patricia Rozario
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Diana N Obanda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Cho EC, Kim K. A comprehensive review of biochemical factors in herbs and their constituent compounds in experimental studies on alopecia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112907. [PMID: 32360043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alopecia is a chronic condition that may cause emotional and psychological distress to patients, which may significantly impact a patient's quality of life. As conventional treatments have only a transient therapeutic effect and result in unwanted side effects, many patients have attempted to find therapeutic herbs or compounds that function as safer and more potent treatments for alopecia. Many such herbs have been used in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for centuries; however, there is a lack of information on the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs used for the treatment of alopecia. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review was to perform a critical assessment of the methods and results of experimental studies related to alopecia and to provide the potential mechanisms of action of herbs and their constituent compounds used in the identified studies, in particular, in relation to the stages of the cell cycle. We hope to better guide the clinical application and scientific research of herbs for the treatment of alopecia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed experimental studies to determine the methods used and the mechanism of action of the herbs and constituent compounds. Databases, including Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, OASIS, and RISS, were searched for the following keywords: "medicinal plants," "alopecia," "alopecia areata," "androgenetic alopecia," "animal experiment," and "in vitro study." We also assessed the risks of bias, toxicity, and taxonomy to determine the quality of information. RESULTS C57BL/6 mice and human dermal papilla cells were the most commonly used models for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. Many herbs and their constituent compounds were used to treat alopecia by managing the hair cycle, keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, hormones, and inflammation. These compounds prolong the anagen phase, shorten the transition from the telogen to phase anagen, and inhibit premature catagen phase. CONCLUSIONS This review has further elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs and their constituent compounds that are relevant to alopecia and discussed the effectiveness of using herbal treatments. There is a need to develop evidence regarding the quality control, taxonomy, and toxicology of these compounds. Such improvements will provide a better quality of evidence to ensure the efficacy and safety of herbs and compounds used for the treatment of alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chai Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, South Korea.
| | - Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, South Korea.
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Maruta H, Kittaka A. Chemical evolution for taming the 'pathogenic kinase' PAK1. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:959-964. [PMID: 32348877 PMCID: PMC7194552 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PAK1 is the major ‘pathogenic’ kinase. Several potent PAK1 blockers developed are introduced for treatment of a wide variety of PAK1-dependent diseases including cancers and pandemic COVID-19 infection.
To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the cloning of the first mammalian p21-activated kinases (PAKs) (RAC/CDC42-activated kinases) by Ed Manser, the first international PAK symposium was held in NYC in October 2019. Among six distinct PAKs in mammals, PAK1 is the major ‘pathogenic kinase’, the abnormal activation of which is responsible for a wide variety of diseases and disorders including cancers, ageing processes and infectious and inflammatory diseases such as pandemic coronaviral infection. Recently, for a clinical application, a few potent (highly cell-permeable and water-soluble) PAK1 blockers have been developed from natural or synthetic PAK1 blockers (triptolide, vitamin D3 and ketorolac) via a series of ‘chemical evolutions’ that boost pharmacological activities >500 times.
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Santos LM, Fonseca MS, Sokolonski AR, Deegan KR, Araújo RP, Umsza-Guez MA, Barbosa JD, Portela RD, Machado BA. Propolis: types, composition, biological activities, and veterinary product patent prospecting. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1369-1382. [PMID: 31487405 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance composed of a mixture of different plant parts and molecules secreted by bees. Chemically, it is defined as a complex matrix containing biologically active molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. It is widely employed in cosmetic formulations and pharmaceutical products and is one of the most widely used natural products. However, the effects and strength of these biological activities depend on the chemical profile and composition of each propolis type. This composition is associated with the diversity of local flora, the place and period of collection, and the genetics of the bees. In this context, the objective of this review was to investigate the biological, chemical, and microbiological properties of propolis. A technological prospection was also performed on patents for products designed to be used in animal health. Our investigation shows that the literature contains diverse studies dedicated to comparing and describing the composition and therapeutic properties of propolis. These studies demonstrate the potential biological use of propolis in veterinary medicine, showing the applications of propolis extracts in different formulations. However, there are a low number of propolis-based veterinary products with a registered patent. Thus, the development of products based on propolis is a promising market to be exploited. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte M Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maísa S Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana R Sokolonski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Deegan
- Serviço de Animais Silvestres, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pc Araújo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Umsza-Guez
- Departamento de Biointeração, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dv Barbosa
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruna As Machado
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
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Stimulating hair growth via hormesis: Experimental foundations and clinical implications. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104599. [PMID: 31857242 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous agents (approximately 90) are shown to stimulate hair growth in cellular and animal models in a hormetic-like biphasic dose response manner. These hormetic dose responses occur within the framework of direct stimulatory responses as well as in preconditioning experimental protocols. These findings have important implications for experimental and clinical investigations with respect to study design strategies, dose selection and dose spacing along with sample size and statistical power issues. These findings further reflect the general occurrence of hormetic dose responses within the biological and biomedical literature that consistently appear to be independent of biological model, level of biological organization (i.e., cell, organ, and organism), endpoint, inducing agent, potency of the inducing agent, and mechanism.
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Shahinozzaman M, Ishii T, Ahmed S, Halim MA, Tawata S. A computational approach to explore and identify potential herbal inhibitors for the p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:3514-3526. [PMID: 31448698 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1659855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic kinase PAK1 (p21-activated kinase 1) is involved in developing many diseases including cancers, neurofibromatosis, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes (type 2), and hypertension. Thus, it is thought to be a prominent therapeutic target, and its selective inhibitors have a huge market potential. Recently, herbal PAK1 inhibitors have gained immense interest over synthetic ones mainly due to their non-toxic effects. Till date, many herbal compounds have been suggested to inhibit PAK1, but their information on selectivity, bioavailability, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties, and molecular interactions with PAK1 has not been explored. Hence, this study was designed with computational approaches to explore and identify the best herbal PAK1-blockers showing good ADMET properties, druggable features and binding affinity with PAK1. Herbal inhibitors reported here were initially filtered with Lipinski's rule of five (RO5). Then, molecular docking between these inhibitors and PAK1 catalytic sites was performed using AutoDock Vina and GOLD suite to determine the binding affinity and interactions. Finally, 200 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on three top-ranked inhibitors including cucurbitacin I (C-I), nymphaeol A (NA), and staurosporine (SPN) were carried out. The binding free energies and interactions revealed that NA can strongly bind with the PAK1 catalytic cleft. PASS prediction and ADMET profiling supported that NA is appeared to be a more selective and safer inhibitor than C-I and SPN. These results conform to the previous experimental evidences, and therefore, NA from Okinawa propolis could be a promising inhibitor for treating PAK1-dependent illnesses.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahinozzaman
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishii
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sinthyia Ahmed
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Halim
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Arkansas-Fort Smith, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Shinkichi Tawata
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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12
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Madaan A, Verma R, Singh AT, Jaggi M. Review of Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla cells as in vitro screening model for hair growth. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:429-450. [PMID: 30144361 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hair disorders such as hair loss (alopecia) and androgen dependent, excessive hair growth (hirsutism, hypertrichosis) may impact the social and psychological well-being of an individual. Recent advances in understanding the biology of hair have accelerated the research and development of novel therapeutic and cosmetic hair growth agents. Preclinical models aid in dermocosmetic efficacy testing and claim substantiation of hair growth modulators. The in vitro models to investigate hair growth utilize the hair follicle Dermal Papilla cells (DPCs), specialized mesenchymal cells located at the base of hair follicle that play essential roles in hair follicular morphogenesis and postnatal hair growth cycles. In this review, we have compiled and discussed the extensively reported literature citing DPCs as in vitro model to study hair growth promoting and inhibitory effects. A variety of agents such as herbal and natural extracts, growth factors and cytokines, platelet-rich plasma, placental extract, stem cells and conditioned medium, peptides, hormones, lipid-nanocarrier, light, electrical and electromagnetic field stimulation, androgens and their analogs, stress-serum and chemotherapeutic agents etc. have been examined for their hair growth modulating effects in DPCs. Effects on DPCs' activity were determined from untreated (basal) or stress induced levels. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and secretion of growth factors were included as primary end-point markers. Effects on a wide range of biomolecules and mechanistic pathways that play key role in the biology of hair growth were also investigated. This consolidated and comprehensive review summarizes the up-to-date information and understanding regarding DPCs based screening models for hair growth and may be helpful for researchers to select the appropriate assay system and biomarkers. This review highlights the pivotal role of DPCs in the forefront of hair research as screening platforms by providing insights into mechanistic action at cellular level, which may further direct the development of novel hair growth modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Madaan
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Ritu Verma
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Anu T Singh
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Manu Jaggi
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
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13
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Izzo AA. A PTR virtual issue on the experimental and clinical pharmacology of the nutraceutical curcumin. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2107-2108. [PMID: 30277281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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14
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Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) as a rich source of bioactive components to combat cancer naturally: Are we on the right track to fully unlock its potential as inhibitor of deregulated signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:98-105. [PMID: 29753870 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research over decades has progressively explored pharmacological actions of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Biologically and pharmacologically active molecules isolated from M. charantia have shown significant anti-cancer activity in cancer cell lines and xenografted mice. In this review spotlight was set on the bioactive compounds isolated from M. charantia that effectively inhibited cancer development and progression via regulation of protein network in cancer cells. We summarize most recent high-quality research work in cancer cell lines and xenografted mice related to tumor suppressive role-play of M. charantia and its bioactive compounds. Although M. charantia mediated health promoting, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory effects have been extensively investigated, there is insufficient information related to regulation of signaling networks by bioactive molecules obtained from M. charantia in different cancers. M. charantia has been shown to modulate AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling, p38MAPK-MAPKAPK-2/HSP-27 pathway, cell cycle regulatory proteins and apoptosis-associated proteins in different cancers. However, still there are visible knowledge gaps related to the drug targets in different cancers because we have not yet developed comprehensive understanding of the M. charantia mediated regulation of signal transduction pathways. To explore these questions, experimental platforms are needed that can prove to be helpful in getting a step closer to personalized medicine.
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15
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Lv LX, Zhou ZX, Zhou Z, Zhang LJ, Yan R, Zhao Z, Yang LY, Bian XY, Jiang HY, Li YD, Sun YS, Xu QQ, Hu GL, Guan WJ, Li YQ. Hispidin induces autophagic and necrotic death in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells through lysosomal membrane permeabilization by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26992-27006. [PMID: 28460485 PMCID: PMC5432313 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispidin and its derivatives are widely distributed in edible mushrooms. Hispidin is more cytotoxic to A549, SCL-1, Bel7402 and Capan-1 cancer cells than to MRC5 normal cells; by contrast, hispidin protects H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced or doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Consequently, further research on how hispidin affects normal and cancer cells may help treat cancer and reduce chemotherapy-induced side effects. This study showed that hispidin caused caspase-independent death in SGC-7901 cancer cells but not in GES-1 normal cells. Hispidin-induced increases in LC3-II occurred in SGC-7901 cells in a time independent manner. Cell death can be partially inhibited by treatment with ATG5 siRNA but not by autophagy or necroptosis inhibitors. Ultrastructural evidence indicated that hispidin-induced necrotic cell death involved autophagy. Hispidin-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) related to complex cell death occurred more drastically in SGC-7901 cells than in GES-1 cells. Ca2+ rather than cathepsins from LMP contributed more to cell death. Hispidin induced microtubule depolymerization, which can cause LMP, more drastically in SGC-7901 cells than in GES-1 cells. At 4.1 μM, hispidin promoted cell-free tubulin polymerization but at concentrations higher than 41 μM, hispidin inhibited polymerization. Hispidin did not bind to tubulin. Alterations in microtubule regulatory proteins, such as stathmin phosphorylation at Ser16, contributed to hispidin-induced SGC-7901 cell death. In conclusion, hispidin at concentrations higher than 41 μM may inhibit tubulin polymerization by modulating microtubule regulatory proteins, such as stathmin, causing LMP and complex SGC-7901 cell death. This mechanism suggests a promising novel treatment for human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xian Lv
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Xing Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jiang Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ren Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ya Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Bian
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Dong Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Qin Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Li Hu
- Department of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Guan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Quan Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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16
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From bench (laboratory) to bed (hospital/home): How to explore effective natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers/longevity-promoters for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:229-243. [PMID: 28814374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PAK family kinases are RAC/CDC42-activated kinases that were first found in a soil amoeba 4 decades ago, and 2 decades later, were discovered in mammals as well. Since then at least 6 members of this family have been identified in mammals. One of them called PAK1 has been best studied so far, mainly because it is essential not only for malignant cell growth and metastasis, but also for many other diseases/disorders such as diabetes (type 2), AD (Alzheimer's disease), hypertension, and a variety of inflammatory or infectious diseases, which definitely shorten our lifespan. Moreover, PAK1-deficient mutant of C. elegans lives longer than the wild-type by 60%, clearly indicating that PAK1 is not only an oncogenic but also ageing kinase. Thus, in theory, both anti-oncogenic and longevity-promoting activities are among the "intrinsic" properties or criteria of "clinically useful" PAK1-blockers. There are a variety of PAK1-blocking natural products such as propolis and curcumin which indeed extend the healthy lifespan of small animals such as C. elegans by inducing the autophagy. Recently, we managed to synthesize a series of potent water-soluble and highly cell-permeable triazolyl esters of COOH-bearing PAK1-blockers such as Ketorolac, ARC (artepillin C) and CA (caffeic acid) via "Click Chemistry" that boosts their anti-cancer activity over 500-fold, mainly by increasing their cell-permeability, and one of them called 15K indeed extends the lifespan of C. elegans. In this mini-review we shall discuss both synthetic and natural PAK1-blockers, some of which would be potentially useful for cancer therapy with least side effect (rather promoting the longevity as well).
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Veiga R, De Mendonça S, Mendes P, Paulino N, Mimica M, Lagareiro Netto A, Lira I, López BC, Negrão V, Marcucci M. Artepillin C and phenolic compounds responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of green propolis andBaccharis dracunculifoliaDC. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122:911-920. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R.S. Veiga
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - S. De Mendonça
- Universidade Anhanguera; Pós-Graduação em Farmácia; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - P.B. Mendes
- Universidade Anhanguera; Pós-Graduação em Farmácia; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - N. Paulino
- Universidade Anhanguera; Pós-Graduação em Farmácia; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M.J. Mimica
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - I.S. Lira
- Universidade Anhanguera; Pós-Graduação em Farmácia; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - B.G.-C. López
- Department of Plant Biology and Pharmacy Course; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas; UNICAMP; Campinas Brazil
| | - V. Negrão
- Apis Brasil - Green Eucalypt Propolis Ltd; Pindamonhangaba Brazil
| | - M.C. Marcucci
- Universidade Anhanguera; Pós-Graduação em Farmácia; São Paulo SP Brazil
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18
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Hair Growth Promoting and Anticancer Effects of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) Inhibitors Isolated from Different Parts of Alpinia zerumbet. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010132. [PMID: 28098826 PMCID: PMC6155721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PAK1 (p21-activated kinase 1) is an emerging target for the treatment of hair loss (alopecia) and cancer; therefore, the search for PAK1 blockers to treat these PAK1-dependent disorders has received much attention. In this study, we evaluated the anti-alopecia and anticancer effects of PAK1 inhibitors isolated from Alpinia zerumbet (alpinia) in cell culture. The bioactive compounds isolated from alpinia were found to markedly promote hair cell growth. Kaempferol-3-O-β-d-glucuronide (KOG) and labdadiene, two of the isolated compounds, increased the proliferation of human follicle dermal papilla cells by approximately 117%-180% and 132%-226%, respectively, at 10-100 μM. MTD (2,5-bis(1E,3E,5E)-6-methoxyhexa-1,3,5-trien-1-yl)-2,5-dihydrofuran) and TMOQ ((E)-2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-8-methylene-7-(oct-6-en-1-yl)octahydro-1H-quinolizine) showed growth-promoting activity around 164% and 139% at 10 μM, respectively. The hair cell proliferation induced by these compounds was significantly higher than that of minoxidil, a commercially available treatment for hair loss. Furthermore, the isolated compounds from alpinia exhibited anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells with IC50 in the range of 67-99 μM. Regarding the mechanism underlying their action, we hypothesized that the anti-alopecia and anticancer activities of these compounds could be attributed to the inhibition of the oncogenic/aging kinase PAK1.
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