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Guo J, Huang M, Hou S, Yuan J, Chang X, Gao S, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Li J. Therapeutic Potential of Terpenoids in Cancer Treatment: Targeting Mitochondrial Pathways. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e70006. [PMID: 39234662 PMCID: PMC11375335 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, natural compounds have been considered a significant source of new antitumor medicines due to their unique advantages. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the effect of terpenoids on apoptosis mediated by mitochondria in malignant cells. RECENT FINDINGS In this review article, we focused on six extensively studied terpenoids, including sesquiterpenes (dihydroartemisinin and parthenolide), diterpenes (oridonin and triptolide), and triterpenes (betulinic acid and oleanolic acid), and their efficacy in targeting mitochondria to induce cell death. Terpenoid-induced mitochondria-related cell death includes apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and necrosis caused by mitochondrial permeability transition. Apoptosis and autophagy interact in meaningful ways. In addition, in view of several disadvantages of terpenoids, such as low stability and bioavailability, advances in research on combination chemotherapy and chemical modification were surveyed. CONCLUSION This article deepens our understanding of the association between terpenoids and mitochondrial cell death, presenting a hypothetical basis for the use of terpenoids in anticancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Hou
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianfeng Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhan Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhongbing Wu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Xie S, Wang C, Liu X, Li C, Yu J, Ma S, Li Q, Du W. Hepatocellular carcinoma and AIM2: Therapeutic potential through regulation of autophagy and macrophage polarization. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e70002. [PMID: 39222064 PMCID: PMC11367919 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.70002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant challenge to global health. Its pathophysiology involves interconnected processes, including cell proliferation, autophagy, and macrophage polarization. However, the role of Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) in HCC remains elusive. METHODS The expression of AIM2 in Huh-7 and Hep3B cell lines was manipulated and cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and migration/invasion, together with the polarization of M2 macrophages, were evaluated. The markers of autophagy pathway, LC3B, Beclin-1, and P62, underwent examination through Western blot analysis. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, was used to measured the role of autophagy in HCC. Finally, the effect of AIM2 overexpression on HCC was further evaluated using a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice. RESULTS Our results established that AIM2 overexpression inhibits HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis and autophagy. Conversely, knockdown of AIM2 engendered opposite effects. AIM2 overexpression was correlated with reduced M2 macrophage polarization. The autophagy inhibitor substantiated AIM2's role in autophagy and identified its downstream impact on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and macrophage polarization. In the in vivo model, overexpression of AIM2 led to the inhibition of HCC tumor growth. CONCLUSION The findings underscore AIM2's crucial function in modulating major biological processes in HCC, pointing to its potential as a therapeutic target. This study inaugurally demonstrated that AIM2 activates autophagy and influences macrophage polarization, playing a role in liver cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xie
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Cuiyun Wang
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Jinhong Yu
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Shumin Ma
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of liver diseases, Shandong public health clinical centerShandong universityJinanShandongChina
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Fang C, Liu S, Yang W, Zheng G, Zhou F, Gao X, Qin L, Yang G, Yang J, Zhu G, Wang X, Huang K, Yang X, Wei Y, Peng S, Li L. Exercise ameliorates lipid droplet metabolism disorder by the PLIN2-LIPA axis-mediated lipophagy in mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167045. [PMID: 38306800 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Excessive hepatic lipid droplets (LDs) accumulation-induced lipid metabolism disorder contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exercise is a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD. However, the mechanism by which exercise ameliorates NAFLD through regulating the catabolism of hepatic LDs remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of perilipin2 (PLIN2)-lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA) axis mediating exercise-triggered lipophagy in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mouse model. Our results showed that exercise could reduce HFD-induced hepatic LDs accumulation and change the expression of lipolysis-related enzymes. Moreover, exercise upregulated the expression of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and autophagy-related proteins, and downregulated sequestosome 1 (P62) expression and promoted autophagosomes formation. Interestingly, exercise downregulated PLIN2 expression, upregulated LIPA expression, and increased the activity of hepatic LIPA and serum levels of LIPA in the NAFLD mouse model. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator-5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAr) treatment significantly increased mRNA levels and protein expression of LIPA and LC3II and decreased levels of PLIN2 and P62 in palmitic acid (PA)-treated HepG2 cells. PLIN2 silencing and LIPA overexpression notably increased the mRNA level and protein expression of LC3II and decreased the mRNA level and protein expression of p62, respectively. In summary, our findings reveal novel insights into the effect of exercise on improving lipid droplet metabolism disorder in NAFLD. Enhancing the PLIN2-LIPA axis-mediated lipophagy may be one of the key mechanisms involved in NAFLD alleviation by exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Fang
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- Institute of leisure, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Sports Training Institute, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Lian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Guirong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Jiapei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Guangming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xinzhuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Kailing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xincheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.
| | - Shuang Peng
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.
| | - Liangming Li
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.
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Cui JZ, Chew ZH, Lim LHK. New insights into nucleic acid sensor AIM2: The potential benefit in targeted therapy for cancer. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107079. [PMID: 38272334 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The AIM2 inflammasome represents a multifaceted oligomeric protein complex within the innate immune system, with the capacity to perceive double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and engage in diverse physiological reactions and disease contexts, including cancer. While originally conceived as a discerning DNA sensor, AIM2 has demonstrated its capability to discern various nucleic acid variations, encompassing RNA and DNA-RNA hybrids. Through its interaction with nucleic acids, AIM2 orchestrates the assembly of a complex involving multiple proteins, aptly named the AIM2 inflammasome, which facilitates the enzymatic cleavage of proinflammatory cytokines, namely pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18. This process, in turn, underpins its pivotal biological role. In this review, we provide a systematic summary and discussion of the latest advancements in AIM2 sensing various types of nucleic acids. Additionally, we discuss the modulation of AIM2 activation, which can cause cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death. Finally, we fully illustrate the evidence for the dual role of AIM2 in different cancer types, including both anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic functions. Considering the above information, we uncover the therapeutic promise of modulating the AIM2 inflammasome in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhou Cui
- Translational Immunology Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Immunology Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS-Cambridge Immunophenotyping Centre, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Zhi Huan Chew
- Translational Immunology Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Immunology Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lina H K Lim
- Translational Immunology Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Immunology Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Yang J, Xia T, Zhou S, Liu S, Pan T, Li Y, Luo Z. Anticancer Effect of Dihydroartemisinin via Dual Control of ROS-induced Apoptosis and Protective Autophagy in Prostate Cancer 22Rv1 Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1321-1332. [PMID: 37605406 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230821155243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a natural agent, exhibits potent anticancer activity. However, its biological activity on prostate cancer (PCa) 22Rv1 cells has not been previously investigated. OBJECTIVES In this study, we demonstrate that DHA induces anticancer effects through the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. METHODS Cell viability and proliferation rate were assessed using the CCK-8 assay and cell clone formation assay. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by flow cytometry. The molecular mechanism of DHA-induced apoptosis and autophagy was examined using Western blot and RT-qPCR. The formation of autophagosomes and the changes in autophagy flux were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy. The effect of DHA combined with Chloroquine (CQ) was assessed using the EdU assay and flow cytometry. The expressions of ROS/AMPK/mTOR-related proteins were detected using Western blot. The interaction between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 was examined using Co-IP. RESULTS DHA inhibited 22Rv1 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. DHA exerted its antiprostate cancer effects by increasing ROS levels. DHA promoted autophagy progression in 22Rv1 cells. Inhibition of autophagy enhanced the pro-apoptotic effect of DHA. DHA-induced autophagy initiation depended on the ROS/AMPK/mTOR pathway. After DHA treatment, the impact of Beclin- 1 on Bcl-2 was weakened, and its binding with Vps34 was enhanced. CONCLUSION DHA induces apoptosis and autophagy in 22Rv1 cells. The underlying mechanism may involve the regulation of ROS/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways and the interaction between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 proteins. Additionally, the combination of DHA and CQ may enhance the efficacy of DHA in inhibiting tumor cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yang
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Xia
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sijie Zhou
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sihao Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyu Pan
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziguo Luo
- Laboratory of Medical Experiment Technology, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Peng Q, Li S, Shi X, Guo Y, Hao L, Zhang Z, Ji J, Zhao Y, Li C, Xue Y, Liu Y. Dihydroartemisinin broke the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by inhibiting YAP1 expression to enhance anti-PD-1 efficacy. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1740-1753. [PMID: 36576358 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy is not as expected in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). YAP1 was overexpressed and activated in HCC. The mechanism of YAP1 in HCC immune escape is unclear. Anti-PD-1 treatment increased YAP1 expression in liver tumor cells, and exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood and spleen of liver tumor mice. YAP1 knockdown suppressed PD-L1 expression, which was involved in JAK1/STAT1, 3 pathways. Moreover, Yap1 knockout elevated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in liver tumor niche. Consistently, verteporfin, YAP1 inhibitor, decreased TGF-β and IFN-γ in liver tumor niche and exhausted CD8+ T cell in the spleen. DHA suppressed YAP1 expression and break immune evasion in liver tumor niche, characterized by decreased PD-L1 in liver tumor cells and increased CD8+ T cell infiltration. Furthermore, DHA combined with anti-PD-1 treatment promoted CD4+ T cell infiltration in the spleen and CD8+ T cell in tumor tissues of mice. In summary, YAP1 knockdown in liver tumor cells suppressed PD-L1 expression and recruited cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), leading to break immune evasion in tumor niche. Mechanistically, YAP1 knockdown suppressed PD-L1 expression, which was involved in JAK1/STAT1, 3 pathways. Finally, DHA inhibited YAP1 expression, which not only inhibited liver tumor proliferation but also break the immunosuppressive niche in liver tumor tissues and improve the effect of anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Peng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinglin Guo
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liyuan Hao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingmin Ji
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanmeng Zhao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Caige Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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Zou Z, Zhao M, Yang Y, Xie Y, Li Z, Zhou L, Shang R, Zhou P. The role of pyroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023. [PMID: 36864264 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histologic type of liver cancer. It accounts for the majority of all diagnoses and deaths due to liver cancer. The induction of tumor cell death is an effective strategy to control tumor development. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death caused by microbial infection, accompanied by activation of inflammasomes and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The cleavage of gasdermins (GSDMs) promotes the occurrence of pyroptosis leading to cell swelling, lysis, and death. Accumulating evidence has indicated that pyroptosis influences the progression of HCC by regulating immune-mediated tumor cell death. Currently, some researchers hold the view that inhibition of pyroptosis-related components may prevent the incidence of HCC, but more researchers have the view that activation of pyroptosis exerts a tumor-inhibitory effect. Growing evidence indicates that pyroptosis can prevent or promote tumor development depending on the type of tumor. In this review, pyroptosis pathways and pyroptosis-related components were discussed. Next, the role of pyroptosis and its components in HCC was described. Finally, the therapeutic significance of pyroptosis in HCC was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimiao Zou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yalong Xie
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Runshi Shang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Bernitsa S, Dayan R, Stephanou A, Tzvetanova ID, Patrikios IS. Natural biomolecules and derivatives as anticancer immunomodulatory agents. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1070367. [PMID: 36700235 PMCID: PMC9868674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1070367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in chemotherapy, the issue of resistance and non-responsiveness to many chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical use still remains. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gathered attention as a novel treatment against select cancers. Immunomodulation is also emerging as an effective strategy to improve efficacy. Natural phytochemicals, with known anticancer properties, been reported to mediate their effects by modulating both traditional cancer pathways and immunity. The mechanism of phytochemical mediated-immunomodulatory activity may be attributed to the remodeling of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and the sensitization of the immune system. This allows for improved recognition and targeting of cancer cells by the immune system and synergy with chemotherapeutics. In this review, we will discuss several well-known plant-derived biomolecules and examine their potential as immunomodulators, and therefore, as novel immunotherapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rotem Dayan
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Peng Q, Hao L, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Ji J, Xue Y, Liu Y, Li C, Lu J, Shi X. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the Warburg effect through YAP1/SLC2A1 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nat Med 2023; 77:28-40. [PMID: 36068393 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the third most common cause of cancer death. But it has only limited therapeutic options, aggressive nature, and very low overall survival. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an anti-malarial drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), inhibited cell growth in HCC. The Warburg effect was one of the ten new hallmarks of cancer. Solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) was a crucial carrier for glucose to enter target cells in the Warburg effect. Yes-associated transcriptional regulator 1 (YAP1), an effector molecule of the hippo pathway, played a crucial role in promoting the development of HCC. This study sought to determine the role of DHA in the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect in HCC. In this study, DHA inhibited the Warburg effect and SLC2A1 in HepG2215 cells and mice with liver tumors in situ. Meanwhile, DHA inhibited YAP1 expression by inhibiting YAP1 promoter binding protein GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1 (GABPB1) and cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1). Further, YAP1 knockdown/knockout reduced the Warburg effect and SLC2A1 expression by shYAP1-HepG2215 cells and Yap1LKO mice with liver tumors. Taken together, our data indicated that YAP1 knockdown/knockout reduced the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect by shYAP1-HepG2215 cells and Yap1LKO mice with liver tumors induced by DEN/TCPOBOP. DHA, as a potential YAP1 inhibitor, suppressed the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Peng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Liyuan Hao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yinglin Guo
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Jingmin Ji
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Caige Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Junlan Lu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
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10
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Fan G, Li F, Wang P, Jin X, Liu R. Natural-Product-Mediated Autophagy in the Treatment of Various Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315109. [PMID: 36499429 PMCID: PMC9739742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis, and autophagic malfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis of substantial liver diseases. As a popular source of drug discovery, natural products have been used for centuries to effectively prevent the progression of various liver diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested that autophagy regulation is a critical mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of these natural products. In this review, relevant studies are retrieved from scientific databases published between 2011 and 2022, and a novel scoring system was established to critically evaluate the completeness and scientific significance of the reviewed literature. We observed that numerous natural products were suggested to regulate autophagic flux. Depending on the therapeutic or pathogenic role autophagy plays in different liver diseases, autophagy-regulative natural products exhibit different therapeutic effects. According to our novel scoring system, in a considerable amount of the involved studies, convincing and reasonable evidence to elucidate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of natural-product-mediated autophagy regulation was missing and needed further illustration. We highlight that autophagy-regulative natural products are valuable drug candidates with promising prospects for the treatment of liver diseases and deserve more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuejing Jin
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-15632374331 (X.J.); +86-10-53912122 (R.L.)
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-15632374331 (X.J.); +86-10-53912122 (R.L.)
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11
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Wang J, Gao J, Huang C, Jeong S, Ko R, Shen X, Chen C, Zhong W, Zou Y, Yu B, Shen C. Roles of AIM2 Gene and AIM2 Inflammasome in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Psoriasis. Front Genet 2022; 13:929162. [PMID: 36118867 PMCID: PMC9481235 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.929162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by a combination of environmental incentives, polygenic genetic control, and immune regulation. The inflammation-related gene absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) was identified as a susceptibility gene for psoriasis. AIM2 inflammasome formed from the combination of AIM2, PYD-linked apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and Caspase-1 promotes the maturation and release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18, and triggers an inflammatory response. Studies showed the genetic and epigenetic associations between AIM2 gene and psoriasis. AIM2 gene has an essential role in the occurrence and development of psoriasis, and the inhibitors of AIM2 inflammasome will be new therapeutic targets for psoriasis. In this review, we summarized the roles of the AIM2 gene and AIM2 inflammasome in pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis, hopefully providing a better understanding and new insight into the roles of AIM2 gene and AIM2 inflammasome in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Sohyun Jeong
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research at Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Randy Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaofeng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfen Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changbing Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University—The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Abstract
Background Pyroptosis has been attracting much attention recently. We have briefly compared its differences and similarities with other programmed deaths and the process of its study. With further exploration of the caspase family, including caspase-1/3/4/5/8/11, new insights into the molecular pathways of action of pyroptosis have been gained. It is also closely related to the development of many cancers, which at the same time provides us with new ideas for the treatment of cancer. Scope of Review We describe what is known regarding the impact of pyroptosis on anticancer immunity and give insight into the potential of harnessing pyroptosis as a tool and applying it to novel or existing anticancer strategies. Major Conclusions Pyroptosis, a caspase-dependent cell death, causes pore formation, cell swelling, rupture of the plasma membrane, and release of all intracellular contents. The role of pyroptosis in cancer is an extremely complex issue. There is growing evidence that tumor pyroptosis has anti-tumor and pro-tumor roles. It should be discussed in different cancer periods according to the characteristics of cancer occurrence and development. In cancer treatment, pyroptosis provides us with some potential new targets. For the existing drugs, the study of pyroptosis also helps us make better use of existing drugs for anticancer treatment. Immunotherapy is a hot research direction in the field of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Jian Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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The Effects of Qinghao-Kushen and Its Active Compounds on the Biological Characteristics of Liver Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8763510. [PMID: 35722140 PMCID: PMC9205744 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8763510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aims. Artemisia annua (Qinghao) and Sophora flavescens (Kushen) are traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). They are widely used in disease therapy, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their key compounds and targets for HCC treatment are unclear. This article mainly analyzed the vital active compounds and the mechanism of Qinghao-Kushen acting on HCC. Methods. First, we chose a traditional Chinese medicine, which has an excellent clinical effect on HCC by network meta-analysis. Then, we composed the Qinghao-Kushen herb pair and prepared the medicated serum. The active compounds of Qinghao-Kushen were verified by the LC-MS method. Next, we detected key targets from PubChem, SymMap, SwissTargetPrediction, DisGeNET, and GeneCards databases. Subsequently, the mechanism of Qinghao-Kushen was predicted by network pharmacology strategy and primarily examined in HuH-7 cells, HepG2 cells, and HepG2215 cells. Results. The effect of the Qinghao-Kushen combination was significantly better than that of single Qinghao or single Kushen in HepG2 and HuH-7 cells. Qinghao-Kushen increased the expression of activated caspase-3 protein than Qinghao or Kushen alone in HepG2 and HepG2215 cells. Network analyses and the LC-MS method revealed that the pivotal compounds of Qinghao-Kushen were matrine and scopoletin. GSK-3β was one of the critical molecules related to Qinghao-Kushen. We confirmed that Qinghao-Kushen and matrine-scopoletin decreased the expression of GSK-3β in HepG2 cells while increased GSK-3β expression in HepG2215 cells. Conclusions. This work not only illustrated that the practical components of Qinghao-Kushen on HCC were matrine and scopoletin but shed light on the inhibitory of Qinghao-Kushen and matrine-scopoletin on liver cancer cells. Moreover, Qinghao-Kushen and matrine-scopoletin had a synergistic effect over the drug alone in HuH-7, HepG2, or HepG2215 cells. GSK-3β may be a potential target for HCC therapy.
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Liu Y, Tao X, Tao J. Strategies of Targeting Inflammasome in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894847. [PMID: 35664004 PMCID: PMC9157639 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ dysfunction resulting from the production of multiple autoantibodies and adaptive immune system abnormalities involving T and B lymphocytes. In recent years, inflammasomes have been recognized as an important component of innate immunity and have attracted increasing attention because of their pathogenic role in SLE. In short, inflammasomes regulate the abnormal differentiation of immune cells, modulate pathogenic autoantibodies, and participate in organ damage. However, due to the clinical heterogeneity of SLE, the pathogenic roles of inflammasomes are variable, and thus, the efficacy of inflammasome-targeting therapies is uncertain. To provide a foundation for the development of such therapeutic strategies, in this paper, we review the role of different inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of SLE and their correlation with clinical phenotypes and propose some corresponding treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyu Tao
- Department of Clinical Medicine "5 + 3" Integration, The First Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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15
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Guo Y, Peng Q, Hao L, Ji J, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Liu Y, Gao Y, Li C, Shi X. Dihydroartemisinin promoted FXR expression independent of YAP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22361. [PMID: 35616366 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200171r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Loss of FXR, one of bile acid receptors, enlarged livers. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), a dominant oncogene, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the relationship between FXR and YAP1 was unspecified in bile acid homeostasis in HCC. Here, we used TIMER2.0, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Database, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter Database and discovered that FXR was positively correlated with better prognosis in liver cancer patients. Our previous research showed that dihydroartemisinin (DHA) inhibited cell proliferation in HepG2 and HepG22215 cells. However, the relationship of YAP1 and the bile acid receptor FXR remains elusive during DHA treatment. Furthermore, we showed that DHA improved FXR and reduced YAP1 in the liver cancer cells and mice. Additionally, the expression of nucleus protein FXR was enhanced in Yap1LKO mice with liver cancer. DHA promoted the expression level of whole and nuclear protein FXR independent of YAP1 in Yap1LKO mice with liver cancer. DHA declined cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, but not sterol 27-hydroxylase, and depressed cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid of liver tissue in Yap1LKO mice with liver cancer. Generally, our results suggested that DHA improved FXR and declined YAP1 to suppress bile acid metabolism. Thus, we suggested that FXR acted as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Guo
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liyuan Hao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingmin Ji
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuting Gao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Caige Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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16
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Zhou X, Suo F, Haslinger K, Quax WJ. Artemisinin-Type Drugs in Tumor Cell Death: Mechanisms, Combination Treatment with Biologics and Nanoparticle Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:395. [PMID: 35214127 PMCID: PMC8875250 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin, the most famous anti-malaria drug initially extracted from Artemisia annua L., also exhibits anti-tumor properties in vivo and in vitro. To improve its solubility and bioavailability, multiple derivatives have been synthesized. However, to reveal the anti-tumor mechanism and improve the efficacy of these artemisinin-type drugs, studies have been conducted in recent years. In this review, we first provide an overview of the effect of artemisinin-type drugs on the regulated cell death pathways, which may uncover novel therapeutic approaches. Then, to overcome the shortcomings of artemisinin-type drugs, we summarize the recent advances in two different therapeutic approaches, namely the combination therapy with biologics influencing regulated cell death, and the use of nanocarriers as drug delivery systems. For the former approach, we discuss the superiority of combination treatments compared to monotherapy in tumor cells based on their effects on regulated cell death. For the latter approach, we give a systematic overview of nanocarrier design principles used to deliver artemisinin-type drugs, including inorganic-based nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, polymer-based nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers and niosomes. Both approaches have yielded promising findings in vitro and in vivo, providing a strong scientific basis for further study and upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristina Haslinger
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (X.Z.); (F.S.)
| | - Wim J. Quax
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (X.Z.); (F.S.)
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17
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Hao L, Guo Y, Peng Q, Zhang Z, Ji J, Liu Y, Xue Y, Li C, Zheng K, Shi X. Dihydroartemisinin reduced lipid droplet deposition by YAP1 to promote the anti-PD-1 effect in hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153913. [PMID: 35026515 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-1 was used to treat for many cancers, but the overall response rate of monoclonal antibodies blocking the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 was less than 20%. Lipid droplet (LD) deposition reduced chemotherapy efficacy, but whether LD deposition affects anti-PD-1 treatment and its mechanism remains unclear. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) was FDA proved antimalarial medicine, but its working mechanism on LD deposition has not been clarified. PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of DHA reducing LDs deposition and improving the efficacy of anti-PD-1. METHODS LD numbers and area were separately detected by electron microscopy and oil Red O staining. The expression of YAP1 and PLIN2 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in liver cancer tissues. Transcription and protein expression levels of YAP1 and PLIN2 in cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot after DHA treated HepG2215 cells and Yap1LKO mice. RESULTS LD accumulation was found in the liver tumor cells of DEN/TOPBCOP-induced liver tumor mice with anti-PD-1 treatment. But DHA treatment or YAP1 knockdown reduced LD deposition and PLIN2 expression in HepG2215 cells. Furthermore, DHA reduced the LD deposition, PLIN2 expression and triglycerides (TG) content in the liver tumor cells of Yap1LKO mice with liver tumor. CONCLUSION Anti-PD-1 promoted LD deposition, while YAP1 knockdown/out reduced LD deposition in HCC. DHA reduced LD deposition by inhibiting YAP1, enhancing the effect of anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Hao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yinglin Guo
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Jingmin Ji
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Caige Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Kangning Zheng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China.
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18
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Al Mamun A, Mimi AA, Aziz MA, Zaeem M, Ahmed T, Munir F, Xiao J. Role of pyroptosis in cancer and its therapeutic regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174444. [PMID: 34453928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is mainly considered a gasdermin-regulated cell death mechanism characterized by cellular lysis and the release of several pro-inflammatory factors. Nowadays, pyroptosis has notably been gained extensive attention from clinicians and researchers. However, current studies report that downregulation of pyroptosis-mediated cell death plays a significant role in developing multiple cancers. Increasing studies also suggest that pyroptosis can impact all stages of carcinogenesis. Inducing pyroptotic cellular death could be a promising therapeutic option for managing and regulating multiple cancers in the near future. Our current review highlights the molecular and morphological features of pyroptosis and its potential roles in various cancers. In addition, we have also highlighted the biological characteristics and significances of GSDMD and GSDME and their critical functions in cancer progression, management and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Anjuman Ara Mimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhanmondi-27, Dhaka, 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Zaeem
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Fahad Munir
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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19
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Yu R, Jin G, Fujimoto M. Dihydroartemisinin: A Potential Drug for the Treatment of Malignancies and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Oncol 2021; 11:722331. [PMID: 34692496 PMCID: PMC8529146 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.722331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been globally recognized for its efficacy and safety in the clinical treatment of malaria for decades. Recently, it has been found that DHA inhibits malignant tumor growth and regulates immune system function in addition to anti-malaria. In parasites and tumors, DHA causes severe oxidative stress by inducing excessive reactive oxygen species production. DHA also kills tumor cells by inducing programmed cell death, blocking cell cycle and enhancing anti-tumor immunity. In addition, DHA inhibits inflammation by reducing the inflammatory cells infiltration and suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and network pharmacology of DHA therapy provide the basis for elucidating the pharmacological effects of DHA. This review provides a summary of the recent research progress of DHA in anti-tumor, inhibition of inflammatory diseases and the relevant pharmacological mechanisms. With further research of DHA, it is likely that DHA will become an alternative therapy in the clinical treatment of malignant tumors and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yu
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China
| | - Guihua Jin
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Cutaneous Immunology, Osaka University Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka, Japan
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20
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Autophagy plays a double-edged sword role in liver diseases. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 78:9-17. [PMID: 34657993 PMCID: PMC8873123 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a highly evolutionarily conserved process, autophagy can be found in all types of eukaryotic cells. Such a constitutive process maintains cellular homeostasis in a wide variety of cell types through the encapsulation of damaged proteins or organelles into double-membrane vesicles. Autophagy not only simply eliminates materials but also serves as a dynamic recycling system that produces new building blocks and energy for cellular renovation and homeostasis. Previous studies have primarily recognized the role of autophagy in the degradation of dysfunctional proteins and unwanted organelles. However, there are findings of autophagy in physiological and pathological processes. In hepatocytes, autophagy is not only essential for homeostatic functions but also implicated in some diseases, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and hepatic failure. In the present review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its role in several liver diseases and put forward several new strategies for the treatment of liver disease.
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21
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Zhu H, Zhao M, Chang C, Chan V, Lu Q, Wu H. The complex role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:649-665. [PMID: 34014039 PMCID: PMC8342223 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a novel member of interferon (IFN)-inducible PYHIN proteins. In innate immune cells, AIM2 servers as a cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA sensor, playing a crucial role in the initiation of the innate immune response as a component of the inflammasome. AIM2 expression is increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, and primary Sjogren's syndrome, indicating that AIM2 might be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, AIM2 also plays an antitumorigenesis role in an inflammasome independent-manner. In melanoma, AIM2 is initially identified as a tumor suppressor factor. However, AIM2 is also found to contribute to lung tumorigenesis via the inflammasome-dependent release of interleukin 1β and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Additionally, AIM2 reciprocally dampening the cGAS-STING pathway causes immunosuppression of macrophages and evasion of antitumor immunity during antibody treatment. To summarize the complicated effect and role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers, herein, we provide an overview of the emerging research progress on the function and regulatory pathway of AIM2 in innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as tumor cells, and discuss its pathogenic role in autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, psoriasis, primary Sjogren's syndrome, and cancers, such as melanomas, non-small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal carcinoma, and so on, hopefully providing potential therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of California at Davis School of MedicineDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vera Chan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Institute of DermatologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingChina
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Xiong Y, Huang J. Anti-malarial drug: the emerging role of artemisinin and its derivatives in liver disease treatment. Chin Med 2021; 16:80. [PMID: 34407830 PMCID: PMC8371597 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives belong to a family of drugs approved for the treatment of malaria with known clinical safety and efficacy. In addition to its anti-malarial effect, artemisinin displays anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects in vivo and in vitro. Recently, much attention has been paid to the therapeutic role of artemisinin in liver diseases. Several studies suggest that artemisinin and its derivatives can protect the liver through different mechanisms, such as those pertaining to inflammation, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and induction of apoptosis and autophagy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of artemisinin and its derivatives in treating liver diseases. Further pharmacological research will aid in determining whether artemisinin and its derivatives may serve as promising medicines for the treatment of liver diseases in the future. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiong
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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23
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Zhang C, Hu Z, Hu R, Pi S, Wei Z, Wang C, Yang F, Xing C, Nie G, Hu G. New insights into crosstalk between pyroptosis and autophagy co-induced by molybdenum and cadmium in duck renal tubular epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126138. [PMID: 34492927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis and autophagy are two different biological processes that determine cell fates. Our previous studies revealed that pyroptosis and autophagy were involved in cytotoxicity co-induced by molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd) in duck renal tubular epithelial cells, but crosstalk between them is unclear. Hence, the cells were treated with 500.0 μM Mo, 4.0 μM Cd, 10.0 μM Z-YVAD-fluoromethylketone (YVAD), 2.5 μM 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and 10.0 μM chloroquine (CQ) alone or in combination for 12 h (CQ for the last 4 h). Under Mo and Cd co-stress, data evidenced that YVAD addition decreased the number of autophagosomes, LC3 puncta, and AMPKα-1, Atg5, Beclin-1, LC3A, LC3B mRNA levels and LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1 protein levels, and increased p62 expression levels. Besides, both 3-MA and CQ addition increased NLRP3, Caspase-1, NEK7, ASC, GSDMA, GSDME, IL-1β, IL-18 mRNA levels, NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, ASC, GSDMD protein and ROS levels, and NO, LDH, IL-1β, IL-18 releases. Collectively, our results revealed that pyroptosis and autophagy co-induced by Mo and Cd were interrelated in duck renal tubular epithelial cells, and inhibiting pyroptosis might attenuate Mo and Cd co-induced autophagy, but inhibiting autophagy might promote Mo and Cd co-induced pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Zhisheng Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Ruiming Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shaoxing Pi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Zejing Wei
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chang Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Gaohui Nie
- School of Information Technology,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, No. 665 Yuping West street, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, PR China.
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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24
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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25
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Hao L, Li S, Peng Q, Guo Y, Ji J, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Liu Y, Shi X. Anti-malarial drug dihydroartemisinin downregulates the expression levels of CDK1 and CCNB1 in liver cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:653. [PMID: 34386075 PMCID: PMC8299009 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. By the time liver cancer is diagnosed, it is already in the advanced stage. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies need to be identified to improve the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. In the present study, the profiles of GSE84402, GSE19665 and GSE121248 were used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses for DEGs were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The protein-protein interaction network was established to screen the hub genes associated with liver cancer. Additionally, the expression levels of hub genes were validated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Oncomine databases. In addition, the prognostic value of hub genes in patients with liver cancer was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier Plotter. It was demonstrated that 132 and 246 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in patients with liver cancer. Among these DEGs, 10 hub genes with high connected node values were identified, which were AURKA, BIRC5, BUB1B, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, CDC20, CDK1, DLGAP5 and MAD2L1. CDK1 and CCNB1 had the most connection nodes and the highest score and were therefore, the most significantly expressed. In addition, it was demonstrated that high expression levels of CDK1 and CCNB1 were associated with poor overall survival time of patients with liver cancer. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, which is derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua Linn. DHA inhibits cell proliferation in numerous cancer types, including liver cancer. In our previous study, it was revealed that DHA inhibited the proliferation of HepG2215 cells. In the present study, it was further demonstrated that DHA reduced the expression levels of CDK1 and CCNB1 in liver cancer. Overall, CDK1 and CCNB1 were the potential therapeutic targets of liver cancer, and DHA reduced the expression levels of CDK1 and CCNB1, and inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Hao
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yinglin Guo
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Jingmin Ji
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
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Luo J, Odaka Y, Huang Z, Cheng B, Liu W, Li L, Shang C, Zhang C, Wu Y, Luo Y, Yang S, Houghton PJ, Guo X, Huang S. Dihydroartemisinin Inhibits mTORC1 Signaling by Activating the AMPK Pathway in Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061363. [PMID: 34205996 PMCID: PMC8226784 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an anti-malarial drug, has been shown to possess potent anticancer activity, partly by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. However, how DHA inhibits mTORC1 is still unknown. Here, using rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) as a model, we found that DHA reduced cell proliferation and viability in RMS cells, but not those in normal cells, which was associated with inhibition of mTORC1. Mechanistically, DHA did not bind to mTOR or FK506 binding protein 12 (FKBP12). In addition, DHA neither inhibited insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½ (Erk1/2), nor activated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in the cells. Rather, DHA activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Pharmacological inhibition of AMPK, ectopic expression dominant negative or kinase-dead AMPK, or knockdown of AMPKα attenuated the inhibitory effect of DHA on mTORC1 in the cells. Additionally, DHA was able to induce dissociation of regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (raptor) from mTOR and inhibit mTORC1 activity. Moreover, treatment with artesunate, a prodrug of DHA, dose-dependently inhibited tumor growth and concurrently activated AMPK and suppressed mTORC1 in RMS xenografts. The results indicated that DHA inhibits mTORC1 by activating AMPK in tumor cells. Our finding supports that DHA or artesunate has a great potential to be repositioned for treatment of RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yoshinobu Odaka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Research Center of Aquatic Organism Conservation and Water Ecosystem Restoration in Anhui Province, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Bing Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chaowei Shang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Peter J. Houghton
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229-3000, USA;
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (S.H.); Tel.: +86-20-38295980 (X.G.); +1-318-675-7759 (S.H.)
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA; (J.L.); (Y.O.); (Z.H.); (B.C.); (W.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (S.H.); Tel.: +86-20-38295980 (X.G.); +1-318-675-7759 (S.H.)
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Li Y, Wang W, Li A, Huang W, Chen S, Han F, Wang L. Dihydroartemisinin induces pyroptosis by promoting the AIM2/caspase-3/DFNA5 axis in breast cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 340:109434. [PMID: 33689708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a complex disease. Recent research has examined the anticancer effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of the antitumour effect of DHA is unclear. METHODS MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were used for in vitro research. BALB/c nude mice were used to establish breast cancer xenografts. The mRNA and protein levels were analysed by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Flow cytometry was performed to examine cell apoptosis. ELISA kits were used to evaluate the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. LDH and ATP release were individually measured with the corresponding kits. A colony formation assay was used to examine the proliferation of breast cancer cells. RESULTS DHA inhibited proliferation and induced pyroptosis in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, DHA activated the expression of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), caspase-3 and gasdermin E (DFNA5). In addition, AIM2 promoted DFNA5 expression by activating caspase-3. Knockdown of AIM2 and DFNA5 significantly enhanced breast cancer cell resistance to DHA. In vivo experiments showed that the tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells was significantly suppressed by DHA. Moreover, the AIM2/caspase-3/DFNA5 axis was activated by DHA and then induced pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that DHA inhibits tumorigenesis by inducing pyroptosis in breast cancer cells, highlighting a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Aixia Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Shiman Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lingcheng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast and Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, PR China.
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28
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Dai X, Zhang X, Chen W, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Mo S, Lu J. Dihydroartemisinin: A Potential Natural Anticancer Drug. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:603-622. [PMID: 33613116 PMCID: PMC7893584 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.50364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is an active metabolite of artemisinin and its derivatives (ARTs), and it is an effective clinical drug widely used to treat malaria. Recently, the anticancer activity of DHA has attracted increasing attention. Nevertheless, there is no systematic summary on the anticancer effects of DHA. Notably, studies have shown that DHA exerts anticancer effects through various molecular mechanisms, such as inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, promoting immune function, inducing autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the latest progress regarding the anticancer activities of DHA in cancer. Importantly, the underlying anticancer molecular mechanisms and pharmacological effects of DHA in vitro and in vivo are the focus of our attention. Interestingly, new methods to improve the solubility and bioavailability of DHA are discussed, which greatly enhance its anticancer efficacy. Remarkably, DHA has synergistic anti-tumor effects with a variety of clinical drugs, and preclinical and clinical studies provide stronger evidence of its anticancer potential. Moreover, this article also gives suggestions for further research on the anticancer effects of DHA. Thus, we hope to provide a strong theoretical support for DHA as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuo Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Saijun Mo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, PR China
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29
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Wang Y, Li Z, Teng M, Liu J. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits activation of the AIM2 inflammasome pathway and NF-κB/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway by inducing autophagy in A431 human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2705-2715. [PMID: 34104103 PMCID: PMC8176175 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.57167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has been previously demonstrated; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study sought to verify the therapeutic effect of DHA against cSCC and explore its underlying mechanism in A431 cSCC cells. This study reported that DHA inhibited A431 cells proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and promoted A431 cells apoptosis. Moreover, DHA inhibited the invasion and migration of A431 cells. Mechanistically, DHA promoted autophagy and inhibited activation of the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome pathway and NF-κB/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. Treatment of A431 cells with the mTOR inhibitor, and autophagy promoter, rapamycin also inhibited these two pathways. In conclusion, DHA inhibited activation of the AIM2 inflammasome pathway and NF-κB/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway by promoting autophagy in A431 cells, thus accounting for its therapeutic effect. Induction of autophagy by DHA may be mediated by inhibiting the mTOR pathway and promoting reactive oxygen species production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijia Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Muzhou Teng
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, Guangdong, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, China
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A Potential Role for Mitochondrial DNA in the Activation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Liver Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020. [PMID: 32393967 PMCID: PMC7683147 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5835910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are essential for cellular homeostasis including energy harvesting through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in liver diseases as it produces a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in turn leading to further oxidative damage to the structure and function of mitochondria and other cellular components. More severe oxidative damage occurred in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) than in nuclear DNA. mtDNA dysfunction results in further oxidative damage as it participates in encoding respiratory chain polypeptides. In addition, mtDNA can leave the mitochondria and enter the cytoplasm and extracellular environment. mtDNA is derived from ancient bacteria, contains many unmethylated CpG dinucleotide repeats similar to bacterial DNA, and thus can induce inflammation to exacerbate damage to liver cells and distal organs by activating toll-like receptor 9, inflammatory bodies, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING). In this review, we focus on the mechanism by which mtDNA alterations cause liver injuries, including nonalcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, viral hepatitis, and liver cancer.
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Xu C, Zhang H, Mu L, Yang X. Artemisinins as Anticancer Drugs: Novel Therapeutic Approaches, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Trials. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:529881. [PMID: 33117153 PMCID: PMC7573816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.529881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives have shown broad-spectrum antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, outcomes from a limited number of clinical trials provide encouraging evidence for their excellent antitumor activities. However, some problems such as poor solubility, toxicity and controversial mechanisms of action hamper their use as effective antitumor agents in the clinic. In order to accelerate the use of ARTs in the clinic, researchers have recently developed novel therapeutic approaches including developing novel derivatives, manufacturing novel nano-formulations, and combining ARTs with other drugs for cancer therapy. The related mechanisms of action were explored. This review describes ARTs used to induce non-apoptotic cell death containing oncosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. Moreover, it highlights the ARTs-caused effects on cancer metabolism, immunosuppression and cancer stem cells and discusses clinical trials of ARTs used to treat cancer. The review provides additional insight into the molecular mechanism of action of ARTs and their considerable clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangcang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingli Mu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Dihydroartemisinin prevents dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitisthrough inhibition of the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 MAPK signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106949. [PMID: 32892075 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from artemisinin, has been reported to possess anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. But its underlying protective mechanisms on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis remain rarely reported. We applied a network pharmacology approach to predict the collective targets of DHA and acute colitis. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to investigate the enriched biological functions and signaling pathways of the collective targets. Furthermore, a DSS-induced colitis model was established to observe the protective effects of DHA. 83 common targets of DHA and acute colitis were identified and predominantly involved in several inflammation-related signaling pathways in colitis such as NOD-like receptor and MAPK signaling pathways. Additionally, DHA in vivo improved the clinical symptoms, reduced the production of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and suppressed the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, DHA inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK, but upregulated PPARγ and Ki-67 levels compared to the DSS group. Additionally, we found that DHA suppressed p38 activator-induced pro-inflammatory response, and p38 inhibitor attenuated the clinical symptoms and reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and NLRP3 while up-regulated the expression levels of PPARγ and Ki-67. Molecular docking analysis further verified the binding mode towards the DHA and p38 MAPK. In conclusion, DHA could protect DSS-induced colitis via suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 MAPK signaling.
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Chung C, Seo W, Silwal P, Jo EK. Crosstalks between inflammasome and autophagy in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:100. [PMID: 32703253 PMCID: PMC7376907 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both inflammasomes and autophagy have important roles in the intracellular homeostasis, inflammation, and pathology; the dysregulation of these processes is often associated with the pathogenesis of numerous cancers. In addition, they can crosstalk with each other in multifaceted ways to influence various physiological and pathological responses, including cancer. Multiple molecular mechanisms connect the autophagy pathway to inflammasome activation and, through this, may influence the outcome of pro-tumor or anti-tumor responses depending on the cancer types, microenvironment, and the disease stage. In this review, we highlight the rapidly growing literature on the various mechanisms by which autophagy interacts with the inflammasome pathway, to encourage additional applications in the context of tumors. In addition, we provide insight into the mechanisms by which pathogen modulates the autophagy-inflammasome pathway to favor the infection-induced carcinogenesis. We also explore the challenges and opportunities of using multiple small molecules/agents to target the autophagy/inflammasome axis and their effects upon cancer treatment. Finally, we discuss the emerging clinical efforts assessing the potential usefulness of targeting approaches for either autophagy or inflammasome as anti-cancer strategies, although it remains underexplored in terms of their crosstalks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeuk Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Seo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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34
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Shi X, Li S, Wang L, Li H, Li Z, Wang W, Bai J, Sun Y, Li J, Li X. RalB degradation by dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy and IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome depression in the human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Chin Med 2020; 15:64. [PMID: 32577124 PMCID: PMC7304197 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interferon-inducible 16 (IFI16)/caspase-1 inflammasome activates and secretes IL-1β. However, it is still unclear whether the IFI16 inflammasome is involved in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Autophagy directly removed inflammasome components and limited early IL-1β production. RalB is required for the crosstalk between inflammasome and autophagy in macrophages. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the main derived ingredient of artemisinin, has a variety of biological activities. The mechanism of DHA in regulating the crosstalk between IFI16 inflammasome and autophagy by inhibiting RalB expression was analyzed in order to provide clues for new therapeutic methods in laryngeal cancer. Methods The expression of IFI16 was analyzed by Oncomine and GEPIA databases and detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The relationship between IFI16 inflammasome and autophagy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay, etc. in Hep-2, Cal-27 and HeLa cells treated with DHA. The xenograft tumor of hep-2 cell in nude mice were used to assess the effect of DHA on laryngeal cancer. Results It was reported for the first time in this study that IFI16 was overexpressed and positively correlated with caspase-1 in laryngeal carcinoma tissues. DHA significantly inhibited the activation of inflammasome and reduced IL-1β production in the microenvironment of Hep-2 cell xenograft tumor in nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that DHA degraded RalB, inhibited USP33 expression, and triggered autophagy. Meanwhile, enhanced autophagy can reduce the expression of RalB and USP33. Furthermore, DHA promotes autophagy, which suppresses the activation of IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome and IL-1β production. Conclusions Therefore, our findings demonstrate that DHA may act as a RalB inhibitor to regulate the crosstalk between autophagy and IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome, which inhibits IL-1β production in tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China.,Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200 China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200 China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China.,Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050081 China
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35
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Xuan W, Song D, Yan Y, Yang M, Sun Y. Police Violence among Adults Diagnosed with Mental Disorders. HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2020; 45:81-89. [PMID: 32393967 PMCID: PMC7683147 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Police violence is reportedly common among those diagnosed with mental disorders characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms or pronounced emotional lability. Despite the perception that people with mental illness are disproportionately mistreated by the police, there is relatively little empirical research on this topic. A cross-sectional general population survey was administered online in 2017 to 1,000 adults in two eastern U.S. cities to examine the relationship between police violence exposure, mental disorders, and crime involvement. Results from hierarchical logistic regression and mediation analyses revealed that a range of mental health conditions are broadly associated with elevated risk for police violence exposure. Individuals with severe mental illness are more likely than the general population to be physically victimized by police, regardless of their involvement in criminal activities. Most of the excess risk of police violence exposure related to common psychiatric diagnoses was explained by confounding factors including crime involvement. However, crime involvement may necessitate more police contact, but does not necessarily justify victimization or excessive force (particularly sexual and psychological violence). Findings support the need for adequate training for police officers on how to safely interact with people with mental health conditions, particularly severe mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xuan
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Youyou Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, No. 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
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36
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Chen Y, Li R, Zhu Y, Zhong S, Qian J, Yang D, Jurczyszyn A, Beksac M, Gu C, Yang Y. Dihydroartemisinin Induces Growth Arrest and Overcomes Dexamethasone Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:767. [PMID: 32500030 PMCID: PMC7242728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of artemisinin (ART) for malaria treatment won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine, which inspired the rediscovery and development of ART for the treatment of other diseases including cancer. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effect of ART and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on multiple myeloma (MM) cells including primary MM cells and in 5TMM3VT mouse model. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DHA might be a more promising anti-MM agent with significantly improved efficacy compared to ART. Mechanistic analyses suggested that DHA activated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by interacting with ferrous (Fe2+) ions and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intriguingly, DHA could reverse the upregulated expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein, a typical mitochondrial apoptotic marker, induced by dexamethasone (Dexa) in MM. We further demonstrated that DHA treatment could overcome Dexa resistance and enhance Dexa efficacy in MM. Additionally, DHA combined with Dexa resulted in increased ROS production and cytochrome C translocation from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, resulting in alterations to the mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-mediated apoptosis. In summary, our study demonstrated that DHA was superior to ART in MM treatment and overcame Dexa resistance both in vitro and in vivo, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sixia Zhong
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Combination of Acupuncture and Chinese Materia Medica of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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37
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Modulation of the Autophagy-lysosomal Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Small Molecules. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071580. [PMID: 32235537 PMCID: PMC7181071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer; it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In early-stage disease, surgical resection and liver transplantation are considered curative treatments. However, the majority of HCC patients present with advanced-stage disease that is treated using palliative systemic therapy. Since HCC is heterogeneous owing to its multiple etiologies, various risk factors, and inherent resistance to chemotherapy, the development of an effective systemic treatment strategy for HCC remains a considerable challenge. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic degradation pathway that is essential for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Autophagy dysfunction is closely linked with the pathogenesis of various cancers; therefore, the discovery of small molecules that can modulate autophagy has attracted considerable interest in the development of a systemic treatment strategy for advanced HCC. Here, we reviewed the roles of autophagy in HCC and the recent advances regarding small molecules that target autophagy regulatory mechanisms.
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38
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Hou C, Guo D, Yu X, Wang S, Liu T. TMT-based proteomics analysis of the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of combined dihydroartemisinin and sorafenib. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:109862. [PMID: 32120157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as the major primary liver cancer, is one of the most prevalent malignant diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. Prior studies have demonstrated that dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, possesses anti-HCC activity. The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib has been approved for the treatment of HCC. However, the anti-HCC efficacy of DHA combined with sorafenib has not been reported. In this study, we confirmed the significantly enhanced anti-HCC efficacy of DHA in combination with sorafenib compared with that of each agent alone. Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) peptide labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS was used to quantify the proteins from the control, DHA, sorafenib, and DHA + sorafenib groups. In total, 532, 426, 628 differentially expressed proteins (fold change >1.20 or <0.83 and P-value <0.05) were determined by comparing DHA versus control, sorafenib versus control and DHA + sorafenib versus control groups, respectively. Moreover, optimized screening was performed, and 101 optimized differentially expressed proteins were identified. The results of functional analysis of the optimized differentially expressed proteins suggested that they were enriched in cell components such as membrane-bound vesicles, extracellular vesicles, and organelle lumens, and they were mainly involved in biological processes such as cellular component organization, response to stress, and response to chemicals; in addition, they were related to various molecular functions such as protein binding, chromatin binding and enzyme binding. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the optimized differentially expressed proteins were enriched in pyrimidine metabolism, RNA polymerase, base excision repair, and osteoclast differentiation. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of some of the optimized upregulated proteins suggested that they might not only affect vitamin and fat digestion and absorption but may also be involved in tight junctions. In the PPI network, some of the optimized downregulated proteins were enriched in base excision repair, RNA polymerase, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis. Overall, this research explored the anti-HCC efficacy of DHA combined with sorafenib by using the TMT-based quantitative proteomics technique and might facilitate the understanding of the related anti-HCC molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Hou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tianhua Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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