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Xu J, Wu M, Duan B, Ni Y, Wang A. The Analgesic Effect of a Transdermal Lappaconitine Patch Combined With Ibuprofen Suspension for Children After Adenoidectomy and Tonsillectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Perianesth Nurs 2024:S1089-9472(24)00124-2. [PMID: 38980239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the analgesic effects and side effects of a transdermal lappaconitine (TLA) patch, ibuprofen suspension (IS), and TLA combined with IS (TLACIS) after adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy. DESIGN Prospective, randomized clinical trial. METHODS The patients were randomized into three groups defined by different analgesic drug regimens: the TLA group, the IS group, and the TLACIS group. Pain scores at 2, 12, and 24 hours after surgery and adverse-event reports within the first postoperative week were collected. RESULTS Ultimately, this study included 102 cases in the TLA group, 101 cases in the IS group, and 101 cases in the TLACIS group. At 2 hours after surgery, the pain scores of the TLA and the TLACIS groups were both significantly lower than that of the IS group (all P < .05). At 12 and 24 hours after surgery, the pain score of the TLACIS group was significantly lower than those of the TLA and IS groups (all P < .05); furthermore, the pain score of the IS group was significantly lower than that of the TLA group (P < .05). Within 1 week after the operation, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The addition of a TLA patch can speed the onset of analgesia. In terms of analgesic effects, IS alone is more advantageous than TLA alone, while the combination of TLA and IS has the best analgesic effect. No significant differences were found in the incidence of adverse events among the three regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Duan
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Ni
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anken Wang
- Department of Nursing, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Parveen S, Maurya N, Meena A, Luqman S. Cinchonine: A Versatile Pharmacological Agent Derived from Natural Cinchona Alkaloids. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:343-363. [PMID: 38031797 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266270796231109171808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinchonine is one of the Cinchona alkaloids that is commercially extracted from the Peruvian bark of Cinchona officinalis L. (Family: Rubiaceae). It is also obtained in much lower quantities from other species of Cinchona, such as Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona succirubra, and Cinchona pubescens, and in some other plants, such as Remijia peruviana. Cinchonine has been historically used as an anti-malarial agent. It also has a wide range of other biological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, antimicrobial, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-osteoclast differentiation. AIM AND OBJECTIVE This review discusses the pharmacological activity of cinchonine under different experimental conditions, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. It also covers the compound's physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics. METHODOLOGY A comprehensive literature search was conducted on multiple online databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The aim was to retrieve a wide range of review/research papers and bibliographic sources. The process involved applying exclusion and inclusion criteria to ensure the selection of relevant and high-quality papers. RESULTS Cinchonine has numerous pharmacological properties, making it a promising compound for various therapeutic applications. It induces anti-cancer activity by activating caspase-3 and PARP-1, and triggers the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. It up-regulates GRP78 and promotes the phosphorylation of PERK and ETIF-2α. Cinchonine also inhibits osteoclastogenesis, inhibiting TAK1 activation and suppressing NFATc1 expression by regulating AP-1 and NF-κB. Its potential anti-inflammatory effects reduce the impact of high-fat diets, making it suitable for targeting obesity-related diseases. However, research on cinchonine is limited, and further studies are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential. Further investigation is needed to ensure its safety and efficacy in clinical applications. CONCLUSION Overall, this review article explains the pharmacological activity of cinchonine, its synthesis, and physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Parveen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Maurya
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Hussain M, Thakur RK, Khazir J, Ahmed S, Khan MI, Rahi P, Peer LA, Shanmugam PV, Kaur S, Raina SN, Reshi ZA, Sehgal D, Rajpal VR, Mir BA. Traditional uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of the Genus Artemisia L. (Asteraceae): A High-value Medicinal Plant. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:301-342. [PMID: 37711006 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230914104141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active secondary metabolites, essential oils, and volatile compounds derived from medicinal and aromatic plants play a crucial role in promoting human health. Within the large family Asteraceae, the genus Artemisia consists of approximately 500 species. Artemisia species have a rich history in traditional medicine worldwide, offering remedies for a wide range of ailments, such as malaria, jaundice, toothache, gastrointestinal problems, wounds, inflammatory diseases, diarrhoea, menstrual pains, skin disorders, headache, and intestinal parasites. The therapeutic potential of Artemisia species is derived from a multitude of phytoconstituents, including terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, lignans, and alkaloids that serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The remarkable antimalarial, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antispasmodic, antioxidative and insecticidal properties possessed by the species are attributed to these APIs. Interestingly, several commercially utilized pharmaceutical drugs, including arglabin, artemisinin, artemether, artesunate, santonin, and tarralin have also been derived from different Artemisia species. However, despite the vast medicinal potential, only a limited number of Artemisia species have been exploited commercially. Further, the available literature on traditional and pharmacological uses of Artemisia lacks comprehensive reviews. Therefore, there is an urgent need to bridge the existing knowledge gaps and provide a scientific foundation for future Artemisia research endeavours. It is in this context, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive account of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, documented biological properties and toxicity of all the species of Artemisia and offers useful insights for practitioners and researchers into underutilized species and their potential applications. This review aims to stimulate further exploration, experimentation and collaboration to fully realize the therapeutic potential of Artemisia in augmenting human health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor Hussain
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Rakesh Kr Thakur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P, 201313, India
| | - Jabeena Khazir
- Department of Chemistry, HKM Govt. Degree College Eidgah, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Sajad Ahmed
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road Jammu, 180001, J&K, India
| | | | - Praveen Rahi
- Biological Resources Center, Institut Pasteur, University de Paris, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Latif Ahmad Peer
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
| | | | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Soom Nath Raina
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P, 201313, India
| | - Zafar Ahmad Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Deepmala Sehgal
- Syngenta, Jeolett's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK
| | - Vijay Rani Rajpal
- Department of Botany, HansRaj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India
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Qiao Y, Wu L, Yang S, Wang Q, Gu H, Wei L, Liu G, Zhou S, Wang P, Song M. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into variations in flavonoids contents between two Artemisia cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:288. [PMID: 37254042 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants in the genus Artemisia are rich in active ingredients and specialized metabolites. Many of these compounds, especially flavonoids, have potential medicinal and nutritional applications, and are of growing interest to scientists due to their wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Artemisia cultivars are commonly used as raw materials for medicine, food, and moxibustion in China. However, most of the metabolites produced by Artemisia species have not been identified, and few studies have addressed differences in active compounds between species and cultivars. RESULTS We here investigated two Artemisia cultivars, 'Nanyangshiyong' (NYSY) and 'Nanyangyaoyong' (NYYY), which are commonly used in foods and moxibustion, respectively. NYSY and NYYY were confirmed to be Artemisia argyi cultivars. Total flavonoids contents and antioxidant activities were higher in NYYY than in NYSY. A total of 882 metabolites were identified in the samples; most of the potentially medicinally active compounds, especially flavonoids (e.g., flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and anthocyanin), were up-regulated in NYYY compared to NYSY. Furthermore, most of the genes related to flavonoids biosynthesis were up-regulated in NYYY. Correlation analysis was used to identify putative members of transcription factor families that may regulate genes encoding key flavonoids biosynthesis enzymes. CONCLUSIONS We found that the antioxidant activities and flavonoids contents significantly varied between two Artemisia cultivars of the same species. We also uncovered metabolomic and transcriptomic evidence of the molecular phenomena underlying those differences in flavonoids contents between the two Artemisia cultivars. This study provides a wealth of data for future utilization and improvements of Artemisia cultivars, and highlights a need to study the specific metabolite profiles of plants that are used in foods and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qiao
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Suling Yang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Haike Gu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Wei
- Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guijun Liu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China.
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5
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Sun J, Zhu Z, Lin Q, Qi S, Li Q, Zhou Y, Li R. Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for the Biosynthesis of 3-Phenylpropionic Acid and 3-Phenylpropyl Acetate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7451-7458. [PMID: 37146254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
3-Phenylpropionic acid (3PPA) and its derivative 3-phenylpropyl acetate (3PPAAc) are important aromatic compounds with broad applications in the cosmetics and food industries. In this study, we constructed a plasmid-free 3PPA-producing Escherichia coli strain and designed a novel 3PPAAc biosynthetic pathway. A module containing tyrosine ammonia lyase and enoate reductase, evaluated under the control of different promoters, was combined with phenylalanine-overproducing strain E. coli ATCC31884, enabling the plasmid-free de novo production of 218.16 ± 43.62 mg L-1 3PPA. The feasibility of the pathway was proved by screening four heterologous alcohol acetyltransferases, which catalyzed the transformation of 3-phenylpropyl alcohol into 3PPAAc. Afterward, 94.59 ± 16.25 mg L-1 3PPAAc was achieved in the engineered E. coli strain. Overall, we have not only demonstrated the potential of de novo synthesis of 3PPAAc in microbes for the first time but also provided a platform for the future of biosynthesis of other aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qingfang Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shilian Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Rongpeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Chemically Analyzed Essential Oil of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) Native to Mediterranean Area. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030807. [PMID: 36983962 PMCID: PMC10055474 DOI: 10.3390/life13030807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia annua (AA) is an aromatic plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, which has long been known for its several medicinal virtues. In addition, essential oils (EOs) extracted from AA have a wide range of therapeutic properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidant properties of Artemisia annua essential oil (EOAA). EO was extracted, and its chemical constituents were ascertained by the use of GC-MS analysis. EOAA shows remarkable antioxidant capacities of DPPH free radical scavenging with an IC50 value of 29 ± 5.3 μg/mL and ferric reducing antioxidant power with an EC50 value of 9.21 ± 0.3 µg/mL, and it also has a good total antioxidant capacity of 911.59 ± 115.71 milligrams of ascorbic acid equivalence per gram of EO (mg AAE/g EO). Moreover, the in vitro antimicrobial screening results indicate that EOAA has shown promising antibacterial activity, especially against the Escherichia coli strain, and it also shows significant antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Candida albicans yeasts. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of EOAA as a source of strong antioxidant and antimicrobial agents, which could be used as an alternative form to control free radicals and combat drug-resistant microbes.
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Karki N, Neupane S, Gupta DK, Yadav AP. Electrochemical study on the effect of polar and non-polar extract of Artemisia vulgaris on the corrosion inhibition of mild-steel in an acidic medium. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7603-7613. [PMID: 36908543 PMCID: PMC9992942 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00148b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical methods were used to characterize the inhibition efficacy of the extract of the high-altitude plant Artemisia vulgaris as an environmentally acceptable inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4. The Artemisia vulgaris was extracted in hexane and methanol separately and applied on mild steel (MS) as an inhibitor. A detailed electrochemical characterization such as potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed on the MS surface covered with the extract molecules. The hexane extracts adsorbed slower to the MS surface than the methanol extract, but both molecular extracts showed similar corrosion inhibition efficacies (IE). The IE for 1000 ppm extract in hexane and methanol was 73.10% and 91.99%, respectively, after 0.5 hour immersion of MS, whereas it was 98.79% and 96.73% in hexane and methanol extract after 24 hours of immersion of MS in acidic medium. The IE of the methanol extract increased with concentration. From the EIS analytical analysis, adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the charge transfer kinetics was confirmed. The potentiodynamic polarization showed a decrease in current density with the concentration of methanol extract without affecting the Tafel slopes. ATR-FTIR of the extract indicated the presence of the different functionalities in it. Adsorption of the extract molecules on the metal surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The computed value of ΔG* implies that the adsorption is of mixed type. The formation of a protective film of inhibitor molecules on the MS surface was confirmed from EIS and using a scanning electron microscope. The adsorption mechanism based on the experimental data supported by the thermodynamic calculations is highlighted in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Karki
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal .,Bhaktapur Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University Bhaktapur Nepal
| | - Shova Neupane
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Dipak Kumar Gupta
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal .,Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Amar Prasad Yadav
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal
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An efficient and sustainable synthesis of morpholino-1,4-dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylates using recyclable SeO2/HAp catalyst. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Comparative Study of Corrosion Inhibition Efficacy of Alkaloid Extract of Artemesia vulgaris and Solanum tuberosum in Mild Steel Samples in 1 M Sulphuric Acid. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different types of alkaloids are successfully extracted from two plants Artemisia vulgaris (AV) and Solanum tuberosum (ST) in the laboratory and used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel samples. The corrosion inhibition potential of these alkaloids is determined by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization measurement methods. Based on the weight loss measurement study of a sample immersed for 6 h in 1000 ppm inhibitor solution of AV and ST alkaloids, the corrosion inhibition efficiency is found to be 92.58% and 90.79%, respectively. The potentiodynamic polarization measurement shows 88.06% and 83.22% corrosion inhibition efficiency for AV and ST alkaloids, respectively, for the sample immersed for 1 h in 1000 ppm inhibitor solution. These promising efficiency and suitable immersion time effect can lead to the development of good green inhibitors.
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Yu J, Xia M, Wang Y, Chi X, Xu H, Chen S, Zhang F. Short and long reads chloroplast genome assemblies and phylogenomics of Artemisia tangutica (Asteraceae). Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Variability in the Chemical Composition of a New Aromatic Plant Artemisia balchanorum in Southern Russia. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010006. [PMID: 35009010 PMCID: PMC8747407 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Lemon wormwood Artemisia balchanorum was recently introduced to southern Russia as a new aromatic plant. Based on biological and chemical characteristics, several populations with dominant citral, linalool, and geraniol production were selected for further development and maintained by seed propagation. Chemical analysis of five outstanding populations at three stages of annual development: vegetative, flower buds, and full flowering, confirmed that the seed populations retain the distinct dynamics of the dominant and minor components during the annual cycle and can be used for the commercial production of citral, linalool, and geraniol. Micropropagation in vitro allows for efficient clonal micropropagation and mass reproduction of elite cultivars and promising forms of A. balchanorum on a commercial scale but cannot serve as a source of direct and efficient production of secondary metabolites.
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Pinto C, Cidade H, Pinto M, Tiritan ME. Chiral Flavonoids as Antitumor Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1267. [PMID: 34959668 PMCID: PMC8704364 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural products with a great structural diversity, widely distributed in plant kingdom. They play an important role in plant growth, development and defense against aggressors. Flavonoids show a huge variety of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial and antitumor, being able to modulate a large diversity of cellular enzymatic activities. Among natural flavonoids, some classes comprise chiral molecules including flavanones, flavan-3-ols, isoflavanones, and rotenoids, which have one or more stereogenic centers. Interestingly, in some cases, individual compounds of enantiomeric pairs have shown different antitumor activity. In nature, these compounds are mainly biosynthesized as pure enantiomers. Nevertheless, they are often isolated as racemates, being necessary to carry out their chiral separation to perform enantioselectivity studies. Synthetic chiral flavonoids with promising antitumor activity have also been obtained using diverse synthetic approaches. In fact, several new chiral bioactive flavonoids have been synthesized by enantioselective synthesis. Particularly, flavopiridol was the first cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor which entered clinical trials. The chiral pool approaches using amino acid as chiral building blocks have also been reported to achieve small libraries of chrysin derivatives with more potent in vitro growth inhibitory effect than chrysin, reinforcing the importance of the introduction of chiral moieties to improve antitumor activity. In this work, a literature review of natural and synthetic chiral flavonoids with antitumor activity is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.C.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Teng G, Zhang F, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhang L, Chen L, Zhou T, Yue L, Zhang J. Quantitative Electrophysiological Evaluation of the Analgesic Efficacy of Two Lappaconitine Derivatives: A Window into Antinociceptive Drug Mechanisms. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:1555-1569. [PMID: 34550562 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative evaluation of analgesic efficacy improves understanding of the antinociceptive mechanisms of new analgesics and provides important guidance for their development. Lappaconitine (LA), a potent analgesic drug extracted from the root of natural Aconitum species, has been clinically used for years because of its effective analgesic and non-addictive properties. However, being limited to ethological experiments, previous studies have mainly investigated the analgesic effect of LA at the behavioral level, and the associated antinociceptive mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, electrocorticogram (ECoG) technology was used to investigate the analgesic effects of two homologous derivatives of LA, Lappaconitine hydrobromide (LAH) and Lappaconitine trifluoroacetate (LAF), on Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to nociceptive laser stimuli, and to further explore their antinociceptive mechanisms. We found that both LAH and LAF were effective in reducing pain, as manifested in the remarkable reduction of nocifensive behaviors and laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) amplitudes (N2 and P2 waves, and gamma-band oscillations), and significantly prolonged latencies of the LEP-N2/P2. These changes in LEPs reflect the similar antinociceptive mechanism of LAF and LAH, i.e., inhibition of the fast signaling pathways. In addition, there were no changes in the auditory-evoked potential (AEP-N1 component) before and after LAF or LAH treatment, suggesting that neither drug had a central anesthetic effect. Importantly, compared with LAH, LAF was superior in its effects on the magnitudes of gamma-band oscillations and the resting-state spectra, which may be associated with their differences in the octanol/water partition coefficient, degree of dissociation, toxicity, and glycine receptor regulation. Altogether, jointly applying nociceptive laser stimuli and ECoG recordings in rats, we provide solid neural evidence for the analgesic efficacy and antinociceptive mechanisms of derivatives of LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Teng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,The Rural Development Academy, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fengrui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lele Chen
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,The Rural Development Academy, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,The Rural Development Academy, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lupeng Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,The Rural Development Academy, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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14
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Zhang C, Wang B, Aibibula P, Zhao J, Aisa HA. Enantioselective construction of substituted pyridine and a seven-membered carbocyclic skeleton: biomimetic synthesis of (-)-rupestine D, (-)-guaipyridine, (-)-epiguaipyridine, and (-)-cananodine and their stereoisomers. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7081-7084. [PMID: 34351341 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01299a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Guaipyridine alkaloids (-)-rupestine D, (-)-guaipyridine, (-)-epiguaipyridine, and (-)-cananodine together with two stereoisomers 8-epi-rupestine D and 5-epi-cananodine were synthesized enantioselectively from readily available citronellol. The key steps in this synthesis are (i) intermolecular opening of a trisubstituted epoxide for the formation of a chiral center at C-8; (ii) ring-closing metathesis for the construction of a seven-membered carbocyclic ring; and (iii) biomimetic cyclization of a 1,5-dicarbonyl compound for the construction of a pyridine-fused bicyclic skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 40-1, Urumqi, 830011, P. R. China.
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15
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Ekiert H, Knut E, Świątkowska J, Klin P, Rzepiela A, Tomczyk M, Szopa A. Artemisia abrotanum L. (Southern Wormwood)-History, Current Knowledge on the Chemistry, Biological Activity, Traditional Use and Possible New Pharmaceutical and Cosmetological Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:2503. [PMID: 33923002 PMCID: PMC8123286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia abrotanum L. (southern wormwood) is a plant species with an important position in the history of European and Asian medicine. It is a species famous as a medicinal plant in Central Asia, Asia Minor, and in South-East and Central Europe. The raw materials obtained from this species are Abrotani herba and Abrotani folium. In the traditional European medicine, they have been used successfully most of all in liver and biliary tract diseases, in parasitic diseases in children and as antipyretic medication. In the official European medicine, this plant species is recommended by the French Pharmacopoeia for use in homeopathy. In many European countries, it is used traditionally in allopathy. The latest studies on the biological activity of extracts from the aboveground parts of the plant and/or the leaves, and/or the essential oil have provided evidence of other possible applications related to their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiallergic properties. The latest studies have also focused on the repellent activity of the essential oil of this species and the possibility to use it in the prevention of diseases in which insects are the vectors. The main substances obtained from the plant that are responsible for this activity are: the essential oil, coumarins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Some of the latest investigations emphasize the large differences in the composition of the essential oil, determined by the geographical (climatic) origin of the plant. A. abrotanum is recommended by the European Cosmetic Ingredients Database (CosIng) as a source of valuable cosmetic ingredients. Additionally, the leaves of this species possess a well-established position in the food industry. This plant species is also the object of biotechnological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Ekiert
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (E.K.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Ewa Knut
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (E.K.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Joanna Świątkowska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (E.K.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Paweł Klin
- Family Medicine Clinic, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ) Burgbernheim GmbH, Gruene Baumgasse 2, 91593 Burgbernheim, Germany;
| | - Agnieszka Rzepiela
- Museum of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Floriańska 25, 31-019 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (E.K.); (J.Ś.)
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16
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Trendafilova A, Moujir LM, Sousa PMC, Seca AML. Research Advances on Health Effects of Edible Artemisia Species and Some Sesquiterpene Lactones Constituents. Foods 2020; 10:E65. [PMID: 33396790 PMCID: PMC7823681 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Artemisia, often known collectively as "wormwood", has aroused great interest in the scientific community, pharmaceutical and food industries, generating many studies on the most varied aspects of these plants. In this review, the most recent evidence on health effects of edible Artemisia species and some of its constituents are presented and discussed, based on studies published until 2020, available in the Scopus, Web of Sciences and PubMed databases, related to food applications, nutritional and sesquiterpene lactones composition, and their therapeutic effects supported by in vivo and clinical studies. The analysis of more than 300 selected articles highlights the beneficial effect on health and the high clinical relevance of several Artemisia species besides some sesquiterpene lactones constituents and their derivatives. From an integrated perspective, as it includes therapeutic and nutritional properties, without ignoring some adverse effects described in the literature, this review shows the great potential of Artemisia plants and some of their constituents as dietary supplements, functional foods and as the source of new, more efficient, and safe medicines. Despite all the benefits demonstrated, some gaps need to be filled, mainly related to the use of raw Artemisia extracts, such as its standardization and clinical trials on adverse effects and its health care efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoaneta Trendafilova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Laila M. Moujir
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Pedro M. C. Sousa
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
| | - Ana M. L. Seca
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group & Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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17
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Silva JM, Nobre MSC, Albino SL, Lócio LL, Nascimento APS, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Oshiro-Junior JA, Lima MCA, Mendonça-Junior FJB, Moura RO. Secondary Metabolites with Antioxidant Activities for the Putative Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): "Experimental Evidences". OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5642029. [PMID: 33299526 PMCID: PMC7707995 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5642029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of the upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal or bulbar level. Oxidative stress (OS) associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the deterioration of the electron transport chain are factors that contribute to neurodegeneration and perform a potential role in the pathogenesis of ALS. Natural antioxidant molecules have been proposed as an alternative form of treatment for the prevention of age-related neurological diseases, in which ALS is included. Researches support that regulations in cellular reduction/oxidation (redox) processes are being increasingly implicated in this disease, and antioxidant drugs are aimed at a promising pathway to treatment. Among the strategies used for obtaining new drugs, we can highlight the isolation of secondary metabolite compounds from natural sources that, along with semisynthetic derivatives, correspond to approximately 40% of the drugs found on the market. Among these compounds, we emphasize oxygenated and nitrogenous compounds, such as flavonoids, coumarins, and alkaloids, in addition to the fatty acids, that already stand out in the literature for their antioxidant properties, consisting in a part of the diets of millions of people worldwide. Therefore, this review is aimed at presenting and summarizing the main articles published within the last years, which represent the therapeutic potential of antioxidant compounds of natural origin for the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamire M. Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife PB, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Michelangela S. C. Nobre
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife PB, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Sonaly L. Albino
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Lucas L. Lócio
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Agnis P. S. Nascimento
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry-PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus T. Scotti
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa PB, Brazil
| | - João A. Oshiro-Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
| | - Maria C. A. Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife PB, Brazil
| | - Francisco J. B. Mendonça-Junior
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Paraiba, 58071-160 João Pessoa PB, Brazil
| | - Ricardo O. Moura
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-PPGCF, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry-PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, State University of Paraiba, 58429-500 Campina Grande PB, Brazil
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18
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Zhang C, Shao H, Li D, Xiao N, Tan Z. Role of tryptophan-metabolizing microbiota in mice diarrhea caused by Folium sennae extracts. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:185. [PMID: 32600333 PMCID: PMC7325056 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although reports have provided evidence that diarrhea caused by Folium sennae can result in intestinal microbiota diversity disorder, the intestinal bacterial characteristic and specific mechanism are still unknown. The objective of our study was to investigate the mechanism of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae, which was associated with intestinal bacterial characteristic reshaping and metabolic abnormality. RESULTS For the intervention of Folium sennae extracts, Chao1 index and Shannon index were statistical decreased. The Beta diversity clusters of mice interfered by Folium sennae extracts were distinctly separated from control group. Combining PPI network analysis, cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolism was the main signaling pathway of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae. Moreover, 10 bacterial flora communities had statistical significant difference with Folium sennae intervention: the abundance of Paraprevotella, Streptococcus, Epulopiscium, Sutterella and Mycoplasma increased significantly; and the abundance of Adlercreutzia, Lactobacillus, Dehalobacterium, Dorea and Oscillospira reduced significantly. Seven of the 10 intestinal microbiota communities were related to the synthesis of tryptophan derivatives, which affected the transformation of aminotryptophan into L-tryptophan, leading to abnormal tryptophan metabolism in the host. CONCLUSIONS Folium sennae targeted cytochrome P450 3A4 to alter intestinal bacterial characteristic and intervene the tryptophan metabolism of intestinal microbiota, such as Streptococcus, Sutterella and Dorea, which could be the intestinal microecological mechanism of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoqing Shao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Nenqun Xiao
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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