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O'Louglin M, Edwards R, Bould E, Devine S, Downing S. Animal-assisted interventions in adult hospital rehabilitation settings: A scoping review. Nurs Health Sci 2024; 26:e13138. [PMID: 39013555 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) have the potential to enhance people's well-being and function and are increasingly being implemented across a range of settings. This scoping review explored how AAIs have been used in adult hospital rehabilitative care. Using JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search of four databases was undertaken. Inclusion criteria involved adults, aged >18 years, who had received AAIs in the hospital rehabilitation setting. Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Results identified two intervention types: visitation activities (n = 8 studies) and structured therapeutic interventions (n = 14 studies). Dogs were the most common animal species. Improvements in social and emotional well-being were reported across both types of interventions, with improvements in ambulation, motor skills, and verbal communication reported by those engaged in structured therapeutic interventions. Implementation challenges included a dependency on volunteer dog-handlers; the need for better recording of interventions in medical records to enable evaluation; and cost, safety, infection control, and animal welfare considerations. Strengthening the planning of AAIs is fundamental for the realization of potential outcomes from human-animal interactions in hospital rehabilitative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary O'Louglin
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachael Edwards
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Em Bould
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Devine
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandra Downing
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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Hamilton-Bruce MA, Young J, Nottle C, Hazel SJ, Milton AG, McDowall S, Mani B, Koblar S. Developing and Planning a Protocol for Implementing Health Promoting Animal Assisted Interventions (AAI) in a Tertiary Health Setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6780. [PMID: 37754639 PMCID: PMC10531378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Ottawa Charter identifies that multiple levels of government, non-government, community, and other organizations should work together to facilitate health promotion, including in acute settings such as hospitals. We outline a method and protocol to achieve this, namely an Action Research (AR) framework for an Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI) in a tertiary health setting. Dogs Offering Support after Stroke (DOgSS) is an AR study at a major tertiary referral hospital. AAI has been reported to improve mood and quality of life for patients in hospitals. Our project objectives included applying for funding, developing a hospital dog visiting Action Research project, and, subsequent to ethics and governance approvals and finance, undertaking and reporting on the Action Research findings. The Action Research project aimed to investigate whether AAI (dog-visiting) makes a difference to the expressed mood of stroke patients and their informal supports (visiting carers/family/friends), and also the impact these visits have on hospital staff and volunteers, as well as the dog handler and dog involved. We provide our protocol for project management and operations, setting out how the project is conducted from conception to assess human and animal wellbeing and assist subsequent decision-making about introducing dog-visiting to the Stroke Unit. The protocol can be used or adapted by other organizations to try to avoid pitfalls and support health promotion in one of the five important action areas of the Ottawa Charter, namely that of reorienting health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Anne Hamilton-Bruce
- Stroke Research Programme, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South 5011, Australia;
| | - Janette Young
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (J.Y.); (C.N.)
| | - Carmel Nottle
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (J.Y.); (C.N.)
| | - Susan J. Hazel
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy 5371, Australia;
| | - Austin G. Milton
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (A.G.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Sonya McDowall
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy 5371, Australia;
| | - Ben Mani
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (J.Y.); (C.N.)
| | - Simon Koblar
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia; (A.G.M.); (S.K.)
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Boldig CM, Butala N. Pet Therapy as a Nonpharmacological Treatment Option for Neurological Disorders: A Review of the Literature. Cureus 2021; 13:e16167. [PMID: 34367777 PMCID: PMC8336327 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal therapy and ownership have been studied as a nonpharmacologic treatment option for cardiovascular and psychological disorders. Animal companionship is less studied in neurological disorders such as stroke, dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, and acute brain injury. This review examines the effects that emotional support dogs, dog therapy, or dog ownership has on these specific neurological disorders. It may serve as a nonpharmaceutical option to improve patient symptoms, quality of life, or the disease course itself. Articles were gathered which studied the effect of animal-assisted therapy, pet therapy, dog ownership, and physical activity on neurological disorders. Studies relating to the topic were then assessed for the impact on neurological disorders which ranged from cognition, mobility, quality of life, mood, and improvement of disease course. Dog therapy and ownership were found to improve mood, quality of life, and disease symptoms across multiple neurological disorders. It also encouraged physical activity which was shown to help many diseases studied, even ones associated with skeletal muscle apoptosis, such as Huntington's disease. Dog therapy and ownership are a safe and effective nonpharmaceutical approach to treating chronic and progressive neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Boldig
- Neurology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, USA
| | - Nitin Butala
- Neurology, Baptist Medical Center Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
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Vitek SM, Bhagra A, Erickson EE, Cutshall SM, Slack SM, Rodgers NJ, Smidt JM, Jordan MJ, Bauer BA, Chon TY. Optimizing delivery to meet demand for integrative medicine services in an academic hospital setting: A pilot study. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:340-343. [PMID: 32249201 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A rapidly growing body of evidence shows the positive benefits of integrative medicine (IM) services for patients in hospital-based settings. IM therapies, such as acupuncture, massage, meditation and relaxation, and animal-assisted therapy, reduce symptom burden of pain, anxiety, and stress and increase sense of well-being and satisfaction in hospitalized patients. Current challenges facing hospitals are to move beyond proof-of-concept studies and to provide hospital-based IM therapies. OBJECTIVE The aim of our quality improvement project was to develop, implement, and evaluate a feasible, scalable, hospital-based "best practice" model for increasing demand for IM services and optimizing their delivery. DESIGN A multidisciplinary team convened to use quality improvement tools to outline a process for providing IM services. SETTING A large academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS IM leadership staff, IM providers, nurses, hospital team members, support staff, and quality improvement staff. INTERVENTIONS After determining baseline levels of demand and service delivery, we sought to (1) increase nursing staff awareness of available IM services; (2) improve communication between IM providers and nurses; and (3) reinforce communication at the level of nurse supervisors, patients, and family members. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We recorded the numbers and types of IM services ordered at baseline and postimplementation and determined the new delivery rate of requested services. RESULTS We noted an increase in the number of IM orders, percentage of delivered IM services, and percentage of patients who reported that IM services improved their hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairey M Vitek
- Quality Management Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Anjali Bhagra
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Emma E Erickson
- Department of Management Engineering & Internal Consulting, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Susanne M Cutshall
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Stephanie M Slack
- Department of Nursing, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Nancy J Rodgers
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Jessica M Smidt
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Mary J Jordan
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Brent A Bauer
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Tony Y Chon
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
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Abstract
Acute stroke care is completed, and it is time for discharge. Depending on patient needs, they may continue care with outpatient therapies, home health, long-term acute care, or an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility. This is an overview of the rehabilitation process, nursing care, an interdisciplinary team approach, and psychosocial aspects of acute inpatient rehabilitation. Rehabilitation nursing focuses on goals, outcomes, the attainment or maintenance of functional capacity, understanding long-range patient needs, and wellness. From the moment care delivery is initiated we should all be a part of the rehabilitation process, a link in the chain toward improved quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Le Danseur
- Sharp Memorial Rehabilitation Center, 2999 Health Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
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Mandrá PP, Moretti TCDF, Avezum LA, Kuroishi RCS. Animal assisted therapy: systematic review of literature. Codas 2019; 31:e20180243. [PMID: 31271584 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20182018243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to verify the applications of AAT in health by performing a systematic review of the literature. RESEARCH STRATEGY a survey was carried out in four databases with the descriptors: animal assisted therapy, horse assisted therapy, speech therapy. SELECTION CRITERIA article published between 2010 and 2018, in Portuguese or English, free electronic access and that mentioned the characteristics of the intervention program. DATA ANALYSIS criteria: casuistry, area of knowledge, program characteristic, type of research, year and language of publication, nationality, periodical and impact factor. RESULTS 43 articles published in 30 journals, 16 with impact factor, were reviewed. Clinical studies prevailed (93.02%), 37.20% were from Medicine, the population studied had different diagnoses and ages, 55.81% with adults / elderly. AAT was used preferentially for physical rehabilitation (67.44%) and the main mediator was the dog, mentioned in 72.09% of the articles. Eight (n = 8) programs with a focus on communication intervention were described. CONCLUSION There is scientific evidence on the use of AAT published in the period studied, in Brazil and in the world. The programs were used by different health and education professionals. The AAT goals were specific to the profile of the participants, and consistent with the characteristics of the mediator animal and the site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pupin Mandrá
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Thaís Cristina da Freiria Moretti
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Leticia Alves Avezum
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Rita Cristina Sadako Kuroishi
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
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The use of animal-assisted therapy in combination with physical therapy in an inpatient rehabilitation facility: A case report. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 32:139-144. [PMID: 30057041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a growing form of intervention in the field of rehabilitation often with the goals of decreasing pain, anxiety, and depression. There is a lack of literature on the use of AAT in inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF). PURPOSE This intrinsic case report describes the use of AAT in combination with physical therapy (PT) in the treatment of a middle-aged female status-post spinal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS This patient was treated with standard of care physical and occupational therapy in an IRF with the addition of AAT within 32% of the therapy sessions. AAT sessions focused on sitting and standing tolerance, standing balance, endurance, ambulation, stair negotiation and kitchen mobility. Clinical measures included the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) total score and the FIM motor subscale score. CLINICAL FINDINGS From admission to discharge from the IRF, change was noted in the areas of sitting tolerance, total FIM score, the motor subscale score of the FIM, and on 6MWT distance. Due to other therapies simultaneously occurring, no conclusions on AAT as a treatment can be made. AAT did provide more opportunities for this patient to engage in therapeutic activities. CONCLUSION AAT was used during PT, in attempt to facilitate participation and distract from pain in order to work on therapeutic activities and achieve the patient's functional goals. This case report can be used as a model for other IRF therapy programs interested in AAT, can provide information about a therapeutic modality and hopefully will inspire future rigorously designed research studies.
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Delgado C, Toukonen M, Wheeler C. Effect of Canine Play Interventions as a Stress Reduction Strategy in College Students. Nurse Educ 2018; 43:149-153. [PMID: 28857956 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Forty-eight students engaged with a therapy dog for 15 minutes during finals week to evaluate the effect on stress. Psychological (Perceived Stress Scale, visual analog scales) and physiologic stress (vital signs, salivary cortisol) measures were collected before and after the intervention. Paired t tests showed significant reductions in all psychological and physiologic measures except diastolic blood pressure. This supports animal-assisted therapy as an effective stress management strategy for nursing and other college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Delgado
- Authors Affiliations: Associate Professor (Dr Delgado), Clinical Associate Professor (Dr Toukonen), and Associate Professor and Associate Dean (Dr Wheeler), Cleveland State University School of Nursing, Ohio
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Animal-Assisted Interactions to Alleviate Psychological Symptoms in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/njh.0000000000000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dobrzyńska MM, Pachocki KA, Owczarska K. DNA strand breaks in peripheral blood leucocytes of Polish blood donors. Mutagenesis 2017; 33:69-76. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M Dobrzyńska
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health—National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof A Pachocki
- Department of Radiation Hygiene, Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Owczarska
- The Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Clinic of Diagnostic Oncology and Cardiooncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
Pet ownership has been shown to improve quality of life for older adults. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare older pet owners and older non-pet owners and assess differences between groups. This study was conducted on adults over 50 years of age, who owned either one cat or one dog versus nonowners based on age, race, gender, and education. Matched older pet owners (OPO) versus non-pet owners (NPO) pairs (n = 84), older cat owners (OCO) versus non-cat owners (NCO) (n = 29), and older dog owners (ODO) versus non-dog owners (NDO) pairs (n = 55) were analyzed. No differences were found between OPO and NPO for dietary, activity, or lifestyle, except OPO had fewer health conditions [p < 0.03]. Total OCO had greater body mass indices [BMI] (μ = 29.6 ± 8.2) than ODO (μ = 23.2 ± 5.2) [p < 0.02], less activity [p < 0.02], and shorter duration of activity [p < 0.05] and took fewer supplements [p < 0.003]. OCO and NCO differed on health conditions (μ = 0.8 ± 0.9 versus μ = 1.9 ± 1.3, [p < 0.008]) and ODO versus NDO differed on BMI (μ = 25 ± 4 versus μ = 27 ± 6, [p < 0.04]). Although there are limitations to this study, data may be useful for targeting marketing and health messages to older persons.
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