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Zhang Y, Zhang G, Li B, Wu L. Non-Stop Switching Separation of Superfine Solid/Liquid Dispersed Phases in Oil and Water Systems Using Polymer-Assisted Framework Fiber Membranes. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201455. [PMID: 36908003 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fabricating filtration membranes with wide applicability and high efficiency is always a challenge in the precise separation of small colloidal particles under mild conditions. For this purpose, a strategy mixing supramolecular framework fiber with polymer is adopted. The fibrous assembly in the gel state provides uniform nanopores for both channel and interception and controlled wettability for lyophilic/lyophobic switching. The used polymer fills the gaps between fiber assemblies and improves the mechanical property. The composite membrane shows both under-oil superhydrophobic and underwater superoleophobic nature, which allows the conversions via in situ modulation of joystick solvents. Based on surface wetting and size-sieving, ultrafine hard nanoparticles dispersing in both hydrophobic organic solvents and water are selectively sieved. In addition, on-demand separation of water-in-oil and oil-in-water microemulsions without and with surfactants as systems containing soft droplets are realized. The smallest cut-off size of ≈3 nm is achieved for both hard and soft emulsions, while separation efficiency maintains during sustained in situ reversible switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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2
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Karg A, Kuznetsov V, Helfricht N, Lippitz M, Papastavrou G. Electrochemical grippers based on the tuning of surface forces for applications in micro- and nanorobotics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7885. [PMID: 37193686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing approaches to robotic manipulation often rely on external mechanical devices, such as hydraulic and pneumatic devices or grippers. Both types of devices can be adapted to microrobots only with difficulties and for nanorobots not all. Here, we present a fundamentally different approach that is based on tuning the acting surface forces themselves rather than applying external forces by grippers. Tuning of forces is achieved by the electrochemical control of an electrode's diffuse layer. Such electrochemical grippers can be integrated directly into an atomic force microscope, allowing for 'pick and place' procedures typically used in macroscopic robotics. Due to the low potentials involved, small autonomous robots could as well be equipped with these electrochemical grippers that will be particularly useful in soft robotics as well as nanorobotics. Moreover, these grippers have no moving parts and can be incorporated in new concepts for actuators. The concept can easily be scaled down and applied to a wide range of objects, such as colloids, proteins, and macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karg
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - V Kuznetsov
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - N Helfricht
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - M Lippitz
- Experimental Physics III, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - G Papastavrou
- Physical Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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Pan H, Mei D, Xu C, Weng W, Han S, Wang Y. Multifunctional Acoustofluidic Centrifuge Device Using Tri-Symmetrical Design for Particle Enrichment and Separation and Multiphase Microflow Mixing. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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4
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Liu L, Yang R, Cui J, Chen P, Ri HC, Sun H, Piao X, Li M, Pu Q, Quinto M, Zhou JL, Shang HB, Li D. Circular Nonuniform Electric Field Gel Electrophoresis for the Separation and Concentration of Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8474-8482. [PMID: 35652329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A circular nonuniform electric field strategy coupled with gel electrophoresis was proposed to control the precise separation and efficient concentration of nano- and microparticles. The circular nonuniform electric field has the feature of exponential increase in the electric field intensity along the radius, working with three functional zones of migration, acceleration, and concentration. The distribution form of electric field lines is regulated in functional zones to control the migration behaviors of particles for separation and concentration by altering the relative position of the ring electrode (outside) and rodlike electrode (inner). The circular nonuniform electric field promotes the target-type and high-precision separation of nanoparticles based on the difference in charge-to-size ratio. The concentration multiple of nanoparticles is also controlled randomly with the alternation of radius, taking advantage of vertical extrusion and concentric converging of the migration path. This work provides a brand new insight into the simultaneous separation and concentration of particles and is promising for developing a versatile tool for the separation and preparation of various samples instead of conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Ruilin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxuan Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Hyok Chol Ri
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Huaze Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangfan Piao
- Department of Electronics, School of Engineering, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Minshu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Maurizio Quinto
- DAFNE - Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, I-71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hai-Bo Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
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Gu Y, Chen C, Mao Z, Bachman H, Becker R, Rufo J, Wang Z, Zhang P, Mai J, Yang S, Zhang J, Zhao S, Ouyang Y, Wong DTW, Sadovsky Y, Huang TJ. Acoustofluidic centrifuge for nanoparticle enrichment and separation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabc0467. [PMID: 33523836 PMCID: PMC7775782 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Liquid droplets have been studied for decades and have recently experienced renewed attention as a simplified model for numerous fascinating physical phenomena occurring on size scales from the cell nucleus to stellar black holes. Here, we present an acoustofluidic centrifugation technique that leverages an entanglement of acoustic wave actuation and the spin of a fluidic droplet to enable nanoparticle enrichment and separation. By combining acoustic streaming and droplet spinning, rapid (<1 min) nanoparticle concentration and size-based separation are achieved with a resolution sufficient to identify and isolate exosome subpopulations. The underlying physical mechanisms have been characterized both numerically and experimentally, and the ability to process biological samples (including DNA segments and exosome subpopulations) has been successfully demonstrated. Together, this acoustofluidic centrifuge overcomes existing limitations in the manipulation of nanoscale (<100 nm) bioparticles and can be valuable for various applications in the fields of biology, chemistry, engineering, material science, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Chuyi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ryan Becker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joseph Rufo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - John Mai
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shuaiguo Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David T W Wong
- School of Dentistry and the Departments of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery and Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, NC 27708, USA.
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Mao Z, Li P, Wu M, Bachman H, Mesyngier N, Guo X, Liu S, Costanzo F, Huang TJ. Enriching Nanoparticles via Acoustofluidics. ACS NANO 2017; 11:603-612. [PMID: 28068078 PMCID: PMC5536981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Focusing and enriching submicrometer and nanometer scale objects is of great importance for many applications in biology, chemistry, engineering, and medicine. Here, we present an acoustofluidic chip that can generate single vortex acoustic streaming inside a glass capillary through using low-power acoustic waves (only 5 V is required). The single vortex acoustic streaming that is generated, in conjunction with the acoustic radiation force, is able to enrich submicrometer- and nanometer-sized particles in a small volume. Numerical simulations were used to elucidate the mechanism of the single vortex formation and were verified experimentally, demonstrating the focusing of silica and polystyrene particles ranging in diameter from 80 to 500 nm. Moreover, the acoustofluidic chip was used to conduct an immunoassay in which nanoparticles that captured fluorescently labeled biomarkers were concentrated to enhance the emitted signal. With its advantages in simplicity, functionality, and power consumption, the acoustofluidic chip we present here is promising for many point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Peng Li
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Mengxi Wu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nicolas Mesyngier
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xiasheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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7
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Cheng HW, Chang YC, Tang SN, Yuan CT, Tang J, Tseng FG. Characterization of single 1.8-nm Au nanoparticle attachments on AFM tips for single sub-4-nm object pickup. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:482. [PMID: 24237663 PMCID: PMC3835868 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel method for the attachment of a 1.8-nm Au nanoparticle (Au-NP) to the tip of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe through the application of a current-limited bias voltage. The resulting probe is capable of picking up individual objects at the sub-4-nm scale. We also discuss the mechanisms involved in the attachment of the Au-NP to the very apex of an AFM probe tip. The Au-NP-modified AFM tips were used to pick up individual 4-nm quantum dots (QDs) using a chemically functionalized method. Single QD blinking was reduced considerably on the Au-NP-modified AFM tip. The resulting AFM tips present an excellent platform for the manipulation of single protein molecules in the study of single protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Cheng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Chang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Song-Nien Tang
- Medical Image Technology Department, Industrial Technology Research Institute, 195, Section 4, Chung Hsing Road, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tsu Yuan
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli 32023, Taiwan
| | - Jau Tang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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