1
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Memarian P, Bagher Z, Asghari S, Aleemardani M, Seifalian A. Emergence of graphene as a novel nanomaterial for cardiovascular applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12793-12819. [PMID: 38919053 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CDs) are the foremost cause of death worldwide. Several promising therapeutic methods have been developed for this approach, including pharmacological, surgical intervention, cell therapy, or biomaterial implantation since heart tissue is incapable of regenerating and healing on its own. The best treatment for heart failure to date is heart transplantation and invasive surgical intervention, despite their invasiveness, donor limitations, and the possibility of being rejected by the patient's immune system. To address these challenges, research is being conducted on less invasive and efficient methods. Consequently, graphene-based materials (GBMs) have attracted a great deal of interest in the last decade because of their exceptional mechanical, electrical, chemical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties. An overview of GBMs' applications in the cardiovascular system has been presented in this article. Following a brief explanation of graphene and its derivatives' properties, the potential of GBMs to improve and restore cardiovascular system function by using them as cardiac tissue engineering, stents, vascular bypass grafts,and heart valve has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Memarian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre, London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheida Asghari
- Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mina Aleemardani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.
- Department of Translational Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre, London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK.
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2
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Gupta G, Wang Z, Kissling VM, Gogos A, Wick P, Buerki-Thurnherr T. Boron Nitride Nanosheets Induce Lipid Accumulation and Autophagy in Human Alveolar Lung Epithelial Cells Cultivated at Air-Liquid Interface. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308148. [PMID: 38290809 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an emerging 2D material attracting significant attention due to its superior electrical, chemical, and therapeutic properties. However, inhalation toxicity mechanisms of hBN in human lung cells are poorly understood. Here, cellular interaction and effects of hBN nanosheets is investigated in alveolar epithelial cells cultured on porous inserts and exposed under air-liquid interface conditions for 24 h. hBN is taken up by the cells as determined in a label-free manner via RAMAN-confocal microscopy, ICP-MS, TEM, and SEM-EDX. No significant (p > 0.05) effects are observed on cell membrane integrity (LDH release), epithelial barrier integrity (TEER), interleukin-8 cytokine production or reactive oxygen production at tested dose ranges (1, 5, and 10 µg cm-2). However, it is observed that an enhanced accumulation of lipid granules in cells indicating the effect of hBN on lipid metabolism. In addition, it is observed that a significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent (5 and 10 µg cm-2) induction of autophagy in cells after exposure to hBN, potentially associated with the downstream processing and breakdown of excess lipid granules to maintain lipid homeostasis. Indeed, lysosomal co-localization of lipid granules supporting this argument is observed. Overall, the results suggest that the continuous presence of excess intracellular lipids may provoke adverse outcomes in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Gupta
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Ziting Wang
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Vera M Kissling
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
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3
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Lin H, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Kaur J, Wick P, Pelin M, Tubaro A, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Flahaut E, Iglesias D, Vázquez E, Cellot G, Ballerini L, Castagnola V, Benfenati F, Armirotti A, Sallustrau A, Taran F, Keck M, Bussy C, Vranic S, Kostarelos K, Connolly M, Navas JM, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Baker J, Suarez-Merino B, Kanerva T, Prato M, Fadeel B, Bianco A. Environmental and Health Impacts of Graphene and Other Two-Dimensional Materials: A Graphene Flagship Perspective. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6038-6094. [PMID: 38350010 PMCID: PMC10906101 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest ever since the isolation of atomically thin sheets of graphene in 2004 due to the specific and versatile properties of these materials. However, the increasing production and use of 2D materials necessitate a thorough evaluation of the potential impact on human health and the environment. Furthermore, harmonized test protocols are needed with which to assess the safety of 2D materials. The Graphene Flagship project (2013-2023), funded by the European Commission, addressed the identification of the possible hazard of graphene-based materials as well as emerging 2D materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and others. Additionally, so-called green chemistry approaches were explored to achieve the goal of a safe and sustainable production and use of this fascinating family of nanomaterials. The present review provides a compact survey of the findings and the lessons learned in the Graphene Flagship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jasreen Kaur
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Tretiach
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT,
UPS, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
| | - Daniel Iglesias
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Giada Cellot
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical
Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Mathilde Keck
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Mona Connolly
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Maria Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - James Baker
- TEMAS Solutions GmbH, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland
| | | | - Tomi Kanerva
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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4
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Strojny-Cieślak B, Jaworski S, Wierzbicki M, Pruchniewski M, Sosnowska-Ławnicka M, Szczepaniak J, Lange A, Koczoń P, Zielińska-Górska M, Chwalibóg ES. The cytocompatibility of graphene oxide as a platform to enhance the effectiveness and safety of silver nanoparticles through in vitro studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-30151-1. [PMID: 37824053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the need to reduce the use of antibiotics call for the development of safe alternatives, such as silver nanoparticles. However, their potential cytotoxic effect needs to be addressed. Graphene oxide provides a large platform that can increase the effectiveness and safety of silver nanoparticles. Graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles complex applied as a part of an innovative material might have direct contact with human tissues, such as skin, or might be inhaled from aerosol or exfoliated pieces of the complex. Thereby, the safety of the prepared complex has to be evaluated carefully, employing a range of methods. We demonstrated the high cytocompatibility of graphene oxide and the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex toward human cell lines, fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2), and lung epithelial cells (A549). The supporting platform of graphene oxide also neutralized the slight toxicity of bare silver nanoparticles. Finally, in studies on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the number of bacteria reduction was observed after incubation with silver nanoparticles and the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex. Our findings confirm the possibility of employing a graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex as a safe agent with reduced silver nanoparticles' cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Strojny-Cieślak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Pruchniewski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Sosnowska-Ławnicka
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szczepaniak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Lange
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Koczoń
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marlena Zielińska-Górska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz Chwalibóg
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Kumah EA, Fopa RD, Harati S, Boadu P, Zohoori FV, Pak T. Human and environmental impacts of nanoparticles: a scoping review of the current literature. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1059. [PMID: 37268899 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of nanoparticles have established benefits in a wide range of applications, however, the effects of exposure to nanoparticles on health and the environmental risks associated with the production and use of nanoparticles are less well-established. The present study addresses this gap in knowledge by examining, through a scoping review of the current literature, the effects of nanoparticles on human health and the environment. We searched relevant databases including Medline, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and SAGE journals, as well as Google, Google Scholar, and grey literature from June 2021 to July 2021. After removing duplicate articles, the title and abstracts of 1495 articles were first screened followed by the full-texts of 249 studies, and this resulted in the inclusion of 117 studies in the presented review.In this contribution we conclude that while nanoparticles offer distinct benefits in a range of applications, they pose significant threats to humans and the environment. Using several biological models and biomarkers, the included studies revealed the toxic effects of nanoparticles (mainly zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, silver, and carbon nanotubes) to include cell death, production of oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, and induction of inflammatory responses. Most of the included studies (65.81%) investigated inorganic-based nanoparticles. In terms of biomarkers, most studies (76.9%) used immortalised cell lines, whiles 18.8% used primary cells as the biomarker for assessing human health effect of nanoparticles. Biomarkers that were used for assessing environmental impact of nanoparticles included soil samples and soybean seeds, zebrafish larvae, fish, and Daphnia magna neonates.From the studies included in this work the United States recorded the highest number of publications (n = 30, 25.64%), followed by China, India, and Saudi Arabia recording the same number of publications (n = 8 each), with 95.75% of the studies published from the year 2009. The majority of the included studies (93.16%) assessed impact of nanoparticles on human health, and 95.7% used experimental study design. This shows a clear gap exists in examining the impact of nanoparticles on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Adjoa Kumah
- Depeartment of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raoul Djou Fopa
- School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Saeed Harati
- School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Paul Boadu
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Tannaz Pak
- School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK.
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6
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Xiao Y, Pang YX, Yan Y, Qian P, Zhao H, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Synthesis and Functionalization of Graphene Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205292. [PMID: 36658693 PMCID: PMC10037997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene is increasingly applied in various fields owing to its unique properties. Graphene application in the biomedical domain is promising and intriguing as an emerging 2D material with a high surface area, good mechanical properties, and unrivalled electronic and physical properties. This review summarizes six typical synthesis methods to fabricate pristine graphene (p-G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by characterization techniques to examine the obtained graphene materials. As bare graphene is generally undesirable in vivo and in vitro, functionalization methods to reduce toxicity, increase biocompatibility, and provide more functionalities are demonstrated. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro behaviors of various bare and functionalized graphene materials are discussed to evaluate the functionalization effects. Reasonable control of dose (<20 mg kg-1 ), sizes (50-1000 nm), and functionalization methods for in vivo application are advantageous. Then, the key biomedical applications based on graphene materials are discussed, coupled with the current challenges and outlooks of this growing field. In a broader sense, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, evaluation, and application of p-G, GO, and rGO in the biomedical field, highlighting their recent advances and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Yoong Xin Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Yan
- College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027P. R. China
| | - Ping Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri BegawanBE1410Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and ProcessIntensification Research of Zhejiang ProvinceUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion TechnologiesUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
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7
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Korejwo D, Chortarea S, Louka C, Buljan M, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Wick P, Buerki-Thurnherr T. Gene expression profiling of human macrophages after graphene oxide and graphene nanoplatelets treatment reveals particle-specific regulation of pathways. NANOIMPACT 2023; 29:100452. [PMID: 36717017 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives are attractive materials envisaged to enable a wealth of novel applications in many fields including energy, electronics, composite materials or health. A comprehensive understanding of the potential adverse effects of graphene-related materials (GRM) in humans is a prerequisite to the safe use of these promising materials. Here, we exploited gene expression profiling to identify transcriptional responses and toxicity pathways induced by graphene oxide (GO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in human macrophages. Primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and a human macrophage cell line, i.e. differentiated THP-1 cells, were exposed to 5 or 20 μg/mL GO and GNP for 6 and 24 h to capture early and more persistent acute responses at realistic or slightly overdose concentrations. GO and GNP induced time-, dose- and macrophage type-specific differential expression of a substantial number of genes with some overlap between the two GRM types (up to 384 genes (9.6%) or 447 genes (20.4%) in THP-1 or MDM, respectively) but also a high number of genes exclusively deregulated from each material type. Furthermore, GRM responses on gene expression were highly different from those induced by inflammogenic material crystalline quartz (maximum of 64 (2.3%) or 318 (11.3%) common genes for MDM treated with 20 μg/mL GO and GNP, respectively). Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that GNP predominantly activated genes controlling inflammatory and apoptotic pathways whereas GO showed only limited inflammatory responses. Interestingly, both GRM affected the expression of genes related to antigen processing and presentation and in addition, GO activated pathways of neutrophil activation, degranulation and immunity in MDM. Overall, this study provides an extensive resource of potential toxicity mechanisms for future safety assessment of GRM in more advanced model systems to verify if the observed changes in gene expression in human macrophages could lead to long-term consequences on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Korejwo
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Savvina Chortarea
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Chrysovalanto Louka
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marija Buljan
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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8
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Gupta G, Hamawandi B, Sheward DJ, Murrell B, Hanke L, McInerney G, Blosi M, Costa AL, Toprak MS, Fadeel B. Silver nanoparticles with excellent biocompatibility block pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of lung surfactant. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1083232. [PMID: 36578508 PMCID: PMC9790969 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1083232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver (Ag) is known to possess antimicrobial properties which is commonly attributed to soluble Ag ions. Here, we showed that Ag nanoparticles (NPs) potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection using two different pseudovirus neutralization assays. We also evaluated a set of Ag nanoparticles of different sizes with varying surface properties, including polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified Ag nanoparticles, and found that only the bare (unmodified) nanoparticles were able to prevent virus infection. For comparison, TiO2 nanoparticles failed to intercept the virus. Proteins and lipids may adsorb to nanoparticles forming a so-called bio-corona; however, Ag nanoparticles pre-incubated with pulmonary surfactant retained their ability to block virus infection in the present model. Furthermore, the secondary structure of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was perturbed by the Ag nanoparticles, but not by the ionic control (AgNO3) nor by the TiO2 nanoparticles. Finally, Ag nanoparticles were shown to be non-cytotoxic towards the human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and this was confirmed by using primary human nasal epithelial cells. These results further support that Ag nanoparticles may find use as anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Gupta
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bejan Hamawandi
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel J. Sheward
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ben Murrell
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leo Hanke
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerald McInerney
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magda Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna L. Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - Muhammet S. Toprak
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,*Correspondence: Bengt Fadeel,
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9
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Zhu J, Liu L, Ma J, Fu Q, Zheng Z, Du E, Xu Y, Zhang Z. Biotransformation of graphene oxide within lung fluids could intensify its synergistic biotoxicity effect with cadmium by inhibiting cellular efflux of cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119421. [PMID: 35533959 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied and applied in numerous industrial fields and biomedical fields for its excellent physical and chemical properties. Along with the production and applications of GO persist increasing, the environmental health and safety risk (EHS) of GO has been widely studied. However, previous studies almost focused on the biotoxicity of pristine GO under a relatively high exposure dose, without considering its transformation process within environmental and biological mediums. Meanwhile, its secondary toxicity or synergistic effects have not been taken seriously. Here, two different kinds of artificial lung fluids were adopted to incubate pristine GO to mimic the biotransformation process of GO in the lung fluids. And, we explored that biotransformation within the artificial lung fluids could significantly change the physicochemical properties of GO and could enhance its biotoxicity. To reveal the synergistic effects of GO and toxic metal ions, we uncovered that GO could enhance the intracellular content of metal ions by inhibiting the efflux function of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters which are distributed on the cellular membrane, and artificial lung fluids incubation of GO could enhance this synergistic effect. Finally, toxic metal ions induced a series of toxic reactions through oxidative stress response and promoted cell death. Moreover, consistent with the results of in vitro experiments, the lungs of mice exposed to GOs combined with Cd exhibited significant inflammation and oxidative stress compared with Cd treatment alone, and it was more remarkable within the mice which were treated with bio-transformed GOs. In summary, this study explored the impact and mechanism of biotransformation of GO in the lung fluids on the synergistic and secondary effects between GO and metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Leyi Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Qingfeng Fu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zhiwen Zheng
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - E Du
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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10
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Biomarkers of nanomaterials hazard from multi-layer data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3798. [PMID: 35778420 PMCID: PMC9249793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to apply effective, data-driven approaches to reliably predict engineered nanomaterial (ENM) toxicity. Here we introduce a predictive computational framework based on the molecular and phenotypic effects of a large panel of ENMs across multiple in vitro and in vivo models. Our methodology allows for the grouping of ENMs based on multi-omics approaches combined with robust toxicity tests. Importantly, we identify mRNA-based toxicity markers and extensively replicate them in multiple independent datasets. We find that models based on combinations of omics-derived features and material intrinsic properties display significantly improved predictive accuracy as compared to physicochemical properties alone.
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11
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Bao Q, Yang T, Yang M, Mao C. Detection, prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and opportunities for nanobiotechnology. VIEW 2022; 3:20200181. [PMID: 35600668 PMCID: PMC9111118 DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of confirmed cases and deaths has increased globally at a dramatic speed. In view of the serious health threat to humans, this review discusses the state-of-the-art studies about fighting this disease. It summarizes the current strategies and recent advances in detecting, preventing, and treating COVID-19 and interprets the underlying mechanisms in detail. Detection of COVID-19 can be successfully achieved by multiple techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, computed tomography imaging, and nano-biosensing. Inactivated virus vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine, and different nanoparticles have been employed to effectively prevent COVID-19. A variety of agents such as antiviral agents, neutralizing antibodies, and nanotherapeutics have been developed to treat COVID-19 with exciting efficacy. Although nanobiotechnology has shown great potential in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19, efforts should be made to explore new biocompatible nano-biomaterials to advance this field to clinical applications. Hence, nanobiotechnology paves a new way to detect, prevent, and treat COVID-19 effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Bao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Mingying Yang
- College of Animal ScienceInstitute of Applied Bioresource ResearchZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
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12
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Peng G, Keshavan S, Delogu L, Shin Y, Casiraghi C, Fadeel B. Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Trigger Trained Immunity in Human Macrophages through Epigenetic and Metabolic Pathways. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107816. [PMID: 35434920 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trained immunity is a recently described phenomenon whereby cells of the innate immune system undergo long-term epigenetic and/or metabolic reprogramming following a short-term interaction with microbes or microbial products. Here, it is shown that 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) trigger trained immunity in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. First, aqueous dispersions of 2D crystal formulations of MoS2 and WS2 are tested, and no cytotoxicity is found despite avid uptake of these materials by macrophages. However, when macrophages are pre-exposed to TMDs, followed by a resting period, this causes a marked modulation of immune-specific gene expression upon subsequent challenge with a microbial agent (i.e., bacterial lipopolysaccharides). Specifically, MoS2 triggers trained immunity through an epigenetic pathway insofar as the histone methyltransferase inhibitor methylthioadenosine reverses these effects. Furthermore, MoS2 triggers an elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in macrophages and increased glycolysis is also evidenced in cells subjected to MoS2 training, pointing toward a metabolic rewiring of the cells. Importantly, it is observed that MoS2 triggers the upregulation of Mo-dependent enzymes in macrophages, thus confirming that Mo is bioavailable in these cells. In conclusion, MoS2 is identified as a novel inducer of trained immunity. Thus, TMDs could potentially be harnessed as immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Peng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Sandeep Keshavan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Lucia Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35122, Italy
| | - Yuyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
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13
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Romeo D, Nowack B, Wick P. Combined in vitro-in vivo dosimetry enables the extrapolation of in vitro doses to human exposure levels: A proof of concept based on a meta-analysis of in vitro and in vivo titanium dioxide toxicity data. NANOIMPACT 2022; 25:100376. [PMID: 35559882 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the potential risks of nanomaterials on human health is fundamental to assure their safety. To do so, Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) relies mostly on animal studies to provide information about nanomaterials toxicity. The scarcity of such data, due to the shift of the nanotoxicology field away from a phenomenological, animal-based approach and towards a mechanistic understanding based on in vitro studies, represents a challenge for HHRA. Implementing in vitro data in the HHRA methodology requires an extrapolation strategy; combining in vitro dosimetry and lung dosimetry can be an option to estimate the toxic effects on lung cells caused by inhaled nanomaterials. Since the two dosimetry models have rarely been used together, we developed a combined dosimetry model (CoDo) that estimates the air concentrations corresponding to the in vitro doses, extrapolating in this way in vitro doses to human doses. Applying the model to a data set of in vitro and in vivo toxicity data about titanium dioxide, we demonstrated CoDo's multiple applications. First, we confirmed that most in vitro doses are much higher than realistic human exposures, considering the Swiss Occupational Exposure Limit as benchmark. The comparison of the Benchmark Doses (BMD) extrapolated from in vitro and in vivo data, using the surface area dose metric, showed that despite both types of data had a quite wide range, animal data were overall more precise. The high variability of the results may be due both to the dis-homogeneity of the original data (different cell lines, particle properties, etc.) and to the high level of uncertainty in the extrapolation procedure caused by both model assumptions and experimental conditions. Moreover, while the surface area BMDs from studies on rodents and rodent cells were comparable, human co-cultures showed less susceptibility and had higher BMDs regardless of the titanium dioxide type. Last, a Support Vector Machine classification model built on the in vitro data set was able to predict the BMD-derived human exposure level range for viability effects based on the particle properties and experimental conditions with an accuracy of 85%, while for cytokine release in vitro and neutrophil influx in vivo the model had a lower performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Romeo
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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14
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Unal MA, Bayrakdar F, Nazir H, Besbinar O, Gurcan C, Lozano N, Arellano LM, Yalcin S, Panatli O, Celik D, Alkaya D, Agan A, Fusco L, Suzuk Yildiz S, Delogu LG, Akcali KC, Kostarelos K, Yilmazer A. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Interact and Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 Surface Proteins and Cell Receptors to Inhibit Infectivity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101483. [PMID: 33988903 PMCID: PMC8236978 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology can offer a number of options against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acting both extracellularly and intracellularly to the host cells. Here, the aim is to explore graphene oxide (GO), the most studied 2D nanomaterial in biomedical applications, as a nanoscale platform for interaction with SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking analyses of GO sheets on interaction with three different structures: SARS-CoV-2 viral spike (open state - 6VYB or closed state - 6VXX), ACE2 (1R42), and the ACE2-bound spike complex (6M0J) are performed. GO shows high affinity for the surface of all three structures (6M0J, 6VYB and 6VXX). When binding affinities and involved bonding types are compared, GO interacts more strongly with the spike or ACE2, compared to 6M0J. Infection experiments using infectious viral particles from four different clades as classified by Global Initiative on Sharing all Influenza Data (GISAID), are performed for validation purposes. Thin, biological-grade GO nanoscale (few hundred nanometers in lateral dimension) sheets are able to significantly reduce copies for three different viral clades. This data has demonstrated that GO sheets have the capacity to interact with SARS-CoV-2 surface components and disrupt infectivity even in the presence of any mutations on the viral spike. GO nanosheets are proposed to be further explored as a nanoscale platform for development of antiviral strategies against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Bayrakdar
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | - Hasan Nazir
- Department of ChemistryAnkara UniversityTandoganAnkara06100Turkey
| | - Omur Besbinar
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Cansu Gurcan
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Luis M. Arellano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Süleyman Yalcin
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Panatli
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Dogantan Celik
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Damla Alkaya
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Aydan Agan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
| | - Laura Fusco
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPadua35122Italy
| | - Serap Suzuk Yildiz
- Ministry of Health General Directorate of Public HealthMicrobiology References LaboratorySihhiyeAnkara06430Turkey
| | | | - Kamil Can Akcali
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of BiophysicsFaculty of MedicineAnkara UniversitySihhiyeAnkara06230Turkey
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)UAB Campus BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
- Nanomedicine Lab National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology Medicine & HealthThe University of ManchesterAV Hill BuildingManchesterM13 9PTUnited Kingdom
| | - Açelya Yilmazer
- Stem Cell InstituteAnkara UniversityBalgatAnkara06520Turkey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAnkara UniversityGolbasiAnkara06830Turkey
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15
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Keshavan S, Andón FT, Gallud A, Chen W, Reinert K, Tran L, Fadeel B. Profiling of Sub-Lethal in Vitro Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reveals Changes in Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:883. [PMID: 33808372 PMCID: PMC8067081 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials are potentially very useful for a variety of applications, but studies are needed to ascertain whether these materials pose a risk to human health. Here, we studied three benchmark nanomaterials (Ag nanoparticles, TiO2 nanoparticles, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, MWCNTs) procured from the nanomaterial repository at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. Having established a sub-lethal concentration of these materials using two human cell lines representative of the immune system and the lungs, respectively, we performed RNA sequencing of the macrophage-like cell line after exposure for 6, 12, and 24 h. Downstream analysis of the transcriptomics data revealed significant effects on chemokine signaling pathways. CCR2 was identified as the most significantly upregulated gene in MWCNT-exposed cells. Using multiplex assays to evaluate cytokine and chemokine secretion, we could show significant effects of MWCNTs on several chemokines, including CCL2, a ligand of CCR2. The results demonstrate the importance of evaluating sub-lethal concentrations of nanomaterials in relevant target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Keshavan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.K.); (F.T.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Fernando Torres Andón
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.K.); (F.T.A.); (A.G.)
- IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Audrey Gallud
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.K.); (F.T.A.); (A.G.)
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Wei Chen
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Knut Reinert
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Lang Tran
- Statistics and Toxicology Section, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK;
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (S.K.); (F.T.A.); (A.G.)
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16
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Luo Y, Wang X, Cao Y. Transcriptomic analysis suggested the involvement of impaired lipid droplet biogenesis in graphene oxide-induced cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 333:109325. [PMID: 33221320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies revealed that direct contact with graphene oxide (GO) induced cytotoxic effects, but the importance of involvement of metabolic pathways, in particular lipid metabolism pathways, might be overlooked. In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to GO with large size (denoted as GO-L) or small size (denoted as GO-S), and transcriptomics were used to understand the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of GO at systemic levels. It was shown that GO-L more significantly induced cytotoxicity compared with GO-S. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that compared with GO-S, GO-L had larger impact on gene ontology terms related with mitochondrial function as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways related with cell death and growth. But GO-S showed greater influence on KEGG pathways related with lipid metabolism. Both types of GO showed minimal impact on oxidative stress but increased de novo lipogenesis protein fatty acid synthase (FASN). However, only GO-S significantly promoted acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACSL3), a key enzyme responsible for esterification of free fatty acids and lipid droplet biogenesis. Not surprisingly, GO-L but not GO-S impaired lipid droplet biogenesis, and increasing lipid levels by oleic acid or α-linolenic acid reduced the cytotoxicity of GO-L to HUVECs. Combined, the results from this study suggested that impaired lipid droplet biogenesis was involved in GO-induced cytotoxicity in HUVECs, and inducing lipid droplet biogenesis could prevent the cytotoxicity of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
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17
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Gallud A, Delaval M, Kinaret P, Marwah VS, Fortino V, Ytterberg J, Zubarev R, Skoog T, Kere J, Correia M, Loeschner K, Al‐Ahmady Z, Kostarelos K, Ruiz J, Astruc D, Monopoli M, Handy R, Moya S, Savolainen K, Alenius H, Greco D, Fadeel B. Multiparametric Profiling of Engineered Nanomaterials: Unmasking the Surface Coating Effect. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002221. [PMID: 33240770 PMCID: PMC7675037 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts, the properties that drive the cytotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors inverstigate a panel of 31 ENMs with different core chemistries and a variety of surface modifications using conventional in vitro assays coupled with omics-based approaches. Cytotoxicity screening and multiplex-based cytokine profiling reveals a good concordance between primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and the human monocyte-like cell line THP-1. Proteomics analysis following a low-dose exposure of cells suggests a nonspecific stress response to ENMs, while microarray-based profiling reveals significant changes in gene expression as a function of both surface modification and core chemistry. Pathway analysis highlights that the ENMs with cationic surfaces that are shown to elicit cytotoxicity downregulated DNA replication and cell cycle responses, while inflammatory responses are upregulated. These findings are validated using cell-based assays. Notably, certain small, PEGylated ENMs are found to be noncytotoxic yet they induce transcriptional responses reminiscent of viruses. In sum, using a multiparametric approach, it is shown that surface chemistry is a key determinant of cellular responses to ENMs. The data also reveal that cytotoxicity, determined by conventional in vitro assays, does not necessarily correlate with transcriptional effects of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gallud
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Mathilde Delaval
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Pia Kinaret
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Veer Singh Marwah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- Institute of BiomedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
| | - Jimmy Ytterberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Roman Zubarev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
| | - Tiina Skoog
- Department of Biosciences & NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge141 83Sweden
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences & NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge141 83Sweden
| | - Manuel Correia
- National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark
| | - Zahraa Al‐Ahmady
- Faculty of BiologyMedicine & HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM20 4GJUK
- School of Science & TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG1 8NSUK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Faculty of BiologyMedicine & HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM20 4GJUK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)Barcelona08193Spain
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- ISMUMR CNRS No. 5255University of BordeauxTalence33 405France
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISMUMR CNRS No. 5255University of BordeauxTalence33 405France
| | - Marco Monopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal ChemistryRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI)Dublin2Ireland
| | - Richard Handy
- School of Biological & Marine SciencesUniversity of PlymouthPlymouthPL4 8AAUK
| | - Sergio Moya
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology LaboratoryCIC biomaGUNEDonostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
| | - Kai Savolainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational HealthHelsinki00032Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33720Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 77Sweden
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