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Conza D, Mirra P, Fiory F, Insabato L, Nicolò A, Beguinot F, Ulianich L. Metformin: A New Inhibitor of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2182. [PMID: 37681914 PMCID: PMC10486775 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The biguanide drug metformin is widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, due to its ability to decrease serum glucose levels, mainly by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. A considerable number of studies have shown that metformin, besides its antidiabetic action, can improve other disease states, such as polycystic ovary disease, acute kidney injury, neurological disorders, cognitive impairment and renal damage. In addition, metformin is well known to suppress the growth and progression of different types of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, several epidemiological studies suggest that metformin is capable of lowering cancer risk and reducing the rate of cancer deaths among diabetic patients. The antitumoral effects of metformin have been proposed to be mainly mediated by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, a number of signaling pathways, both dependent and independent of AMPK activation, have been reported to be involved in metformin antitumoral action. Among these, the Wingless and Int signaling pathway have recently been included. Here, we will focus our attention on the main molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Conza
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Paola Mirra
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesca Fiory
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonella Nicolò
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Luca Ulianich
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
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2
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Sundararajan V, Burk UC, Bajdak-Rusinek K. Revisiting the miR-200 Family: A Clan of Five Siblings with Essential Roles in Development and Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060781. [PMID: 35740906 PMCID: PMC9221129 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Over two decades of studies on small noncoding RNA molecules illustrate the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in controlling multiple physiological and pathological functions through post-transcriptional and spatiotemporal gene expression. Among the plethora of miRs that are essential during animal embryonic development, in this review, we elaborate the indispensable role of the miR-200 family (comprising miR-200a, -200b, 200c, -141, and -429) in governing the cellular functions associated with epithelial homeostasis, such as epithelial differentiation and neurogenesis. Additionally, in pathological contexts, miR-200 family members are primarily involved in tumor-suppressive roles, including the reversal of the cancer-associated epithelial–mesenchymal transition dedifferentiation process, and are dysregulated during organ fibrosis. Moreover, recent eminent studies have elucidated the crucial roles of miR-200s in the pathophysiology of multiple neurodegenerative diseases and tissue fibrosis. Lastly, we summarize the key studies that have recognized the potential use of miR-200 members as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers, elaborating the application of these small biomolecules in aiding early cancer detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundararajan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Center for Translational Medicine, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Ulrike C. Burk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-208-8382
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3
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Conservation of Zebrafish MicroRNA-145 and Its Role during Neural Crest Cell Development. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071023. [PMID: 34209401 PMCID: PMC8306979 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural crest is a multipotent cell population that develops from the dorsal neural fold of vertebrate embryos in order to migrate extensively and differentiate into a variety of tissues. A number of gene regulatory networks coordinating neural crest cell specification and differentiation have been extensively studied to date. Although several publications suggest a common role for microRNA-145 (miR-145) in molecular reprogramming for cell cycle regulation and/or cellular differentiation, little is known about its role during in vivo cranial neural crest development. By modifying miR-145 levels in zebrafish embryos, abnormal craniofacial development and aberrant pigmentation phenotypes were detected. By whole-mount in situ hybridization, changes in expression patterns of col2a1a and Sry-related HMG box (Sox) transcription factors sox9a and sox9b were observed in overexpressed miR-145 embryos. In agreement, zebrafish sox9b expression was downregulated by miR-145 overexpression. In silico and in vivo analysis of the sox9b 3′UTR revealed a conserved potential miR-145 binding site likely involved in its post-transcriptional regulation. Based on these findings, we speculate that miR-145 participates in the gene regulatory network governing zebrafish chondrocyte differentiation by controlling sox9b expression.
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4
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Travier L, Alonso M, Andronico A, Hafner L, Disson O, Lledo PM, Cauchemez S, Lecuit M. Neonatal susceptibility to meningitis results from the immaturity of epithelial barriers and gut microbiota. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109319. [PMID: 34192531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonates are highly susceptible to bacterial meningitis as compared to children and adults. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal meningitis. Neonatal meningitis can result from GBS intestinal colonization and translocation across the intestinal barrier (IB). Here, we show that the immaturity of the neonatal intestinal microbiota leads to low resistance to GBS intestinal colonization and permissiveness of the gut-vascular barrier. Moreover, the age-dependent but microbiota-independent Wnt activity in intestinal and choroid plexus (CP) epithelia results in a lower degree of cell-cell junctions' polarization, which favors bacterial translocation. This study thus reveals that neonatal susceptibility to GBS meningitis results from the age-dependent immaturity of the intestinal microbiota and developmental pathways associated with neonatal tissue growth, which both concur to GBS gut colonization, systemic dissemination, and neuroinvasion. Whereas the activation of developmental pathways is intrinsic to neonates, interventions aimed at maturing the microbiota may help prevent neonatal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Travier
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Mariana Alonso
- Laboratory for Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3571, Paris, France
| | - Alessio Andronico
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2000, Paris, France
| | - Lukas Hafner
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Lledo
- Laboratory for Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3571, Paris, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2000, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.
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5
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Wu M, Xu H, Liu J, Tan X, Wan S, Guo M, Long Y, Xu Y. Metformin and Fibrosis: A Review of Existing Evidence and Mechanisms. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6673525. [PMID: 34007848 PMCID: PMC8102119 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6673525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a physiological response to organ injury and is characterized by the excessive deposition of connective tissue components in an organ, which results in the disruption of physiological architecture and organ remodeling, ultimately leading to organ failure and death. Fibrosis in the lung, kidney, and liver accounts for a substantial proportion of the global burden of disability and mortality. To date, there are no effective therapeutic strategies for controlling fibrosis. A class of metabolically targeted chemicals, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists, shows strong potential in fighting fibrosis. Metformin, which is a potent AMPK activator and is the only recommended first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has emerged as a promising method of fibrosis reduction or reversion. In this review, we first summarize the key experimental and clinical studies that have specifically investigated the effects of metformin on organ fibrosis. Then, we discuss the mechanisms involved in mediating the antifibrotic effects of metformin in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Huiwen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Xiaozhen Tan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Shengrong Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Man Guo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Yang Long
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
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6
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Wei Y, Yu J, Zhang X, Mu J, Zhang J, Zeng W, Feng B. ICAT acts as a Coactivator in Regulating PPARγ Transcriptional Activity in Mesangial Cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2020; 129:365-373. [PMID: 32937668 DOI: 10.1055/a-0879-1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our study aims to explore the role of β-catenin interaction protein-1(ICAT) in regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) transcriptional activity in mesangial cells. The abnormal ICAT expression in mesangial cells under high glucose(HG) contributes to the development of diabetes and its complications such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS Human mesangial cells (HMCs) were cultured in either 5.5 (normal control) or 30 (high glucose) mmol/L glucose medium. Overexpression and knock-down of ICAT or β-catenin were carried out by transient transfection. PPARγ transcriptional activity was evaluated by luciferase assay. Protein-protein interactions were tested by Coimmunoprecipitation and GST-pull down assay. Cell phenotype transition of HMCs was detected by the expression level of α-SMA and fibronectin, as well as MTT assay. RESULTS High β-catenin protein expression but low ICAT was accompanied by low PPARγ transcriptional activity in HMCs cultured in HG. By using bioinformatics prediction, protein-protein and protein-DNA interaction experimental methods, ICAT and β-catenin were confirmed to act as coactivators in regulating PPARγ transcriptional activity. Overexpression of ICAT could mitigate the decrease of PPARγ transcriptional activity and partly relieve cell phenotype transition in HMCs. CONCLUSIONS β-catenin and ICAT interact as coactivator to modulate PPARγ transcriptional activation. In HMCs cultured in HG, the low expression of ICAT leads to low PPARγ transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawei Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | | | - Jiao Mu
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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7
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Hee E, Wong MK, Tan SH, Choo Z, Kuick CH, Ling S, Yong MH, Jain S, Lian DWQ, Ng EHQ, Yong YFL, Ren MH, Syed Sulaiman N, Low SYY, Chua YW, Syed MF, Lim TKH, Soh SY, Iyer P, Seng MSF, Lam JCM, Tan EEK, Chan MY, Tan AM, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chang KTE, Loh AHP. Neuroblastoma patient-derived cultures are enriched for a mesenchymal gene signature and reflect individual drug response. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3780-3792. [PMID: 32777141 PMCID: PMC7540996 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo evaluation of personalized models can facilitate individualized treatment selection for patients, and advance the discovery of novel therapeutic options. However, for embryonal malignancies, representative primary cultures have been difficult to establish. We developed patient‐derived cell cultures (PDCs) from chemo‐naïve and post–treatment neuroblastoma tumors in a consistent and efficient manner, and characterized their in vitro growth dynamics, histomorphology, gene expression, and functional chemo‐response. From 34 neuroblastoma tumors, 22 engrafted in vitro to generate 31 individual PDC lines, with higher engraftment seen with metastatic tumors. PDCs displayed characteristic immunohistochemical staining patterns of PHOX2B, TH, and GD2 synthase. Concordance of MYCN amplification, 1p and 11q deletion between PDCs and patient tumors was 83.3%, 72.7%, and 80.0% respectively. PDCs displayed a predominantly mesenchymal‐type gene expression signature and showed upregulation of pro‐angiogenic factors that were similarly enriched in culture medium and paired patient serum samples. When tested with standard‐of‐care cytotoxics at human Cmax‐equivalent concentrations, MYCN‐amplified and non‐MYCN‐amplified PDCs showed a differential response to cyclophosphamide and topotecan, which mirrored the corresponding patients’ responses, and correlated with gene signatures of chemosensitivity. In this translational proof‐of‐concept study, early‐phase neuroblastoma PDCs enriched for the mesenchymal cell subpopulation recapitulated the individual molecular and phenotypic profile of patient tumors, and highlighted their potential as a platform for individualized ex vivo drug‐response testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Hee
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meng Kang Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhang'E Choo
- Neurodevelopment and Cancer Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chik Hong Kuick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon Ling
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Hwee Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sudhanshi Jain
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick W Q Lian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eileen H Q Ng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne F L Yong
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mee Hiong Ren
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nurfarhanah Syed Sulaiman
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon Y Y Low
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Wei Chua
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad Fahmy Syed
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony K H Lim
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prasad Iyer
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michaela S F Seng
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce C M Lam
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Enrica E K Tan
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Yoke Chan
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ah Moy Tan
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhixiong Chen
- Neurodevelopment and Cancer Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth T E Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Cui X, Zhou D, Du Q, Wan P, Dong K, Hou H, Geller DA. MicroRNA200a enhances antitumor effects in combination with doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100805. [PMID: 32563177 PMCID: PMC7305444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often treated with doxorubicin. MicroRNAs have been shown to have important regulatory roles in cancer and serve as a target in chemoresistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of specific microRNA-200a (miR-200a) on HCC tumor cell growth and effect of doxorubicin-mediated cytotoxicity. Our results show miR-200a is downregulated in human HCC and HCC tumor cell lines. Increasing miR-200a expression inhibited HCC growth and synergized with the antitumor effects of doxorubicin. Inhibiting endogenous miR-200a promoted tumor growth and chemotherapeutic resistance. Increasing miR-200a expression inhibited tumor metabolism (ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, glycolysis), while inhibition of endogenous miR-200a reversed these effects. MiR-200a expression also increased autophagy and synergized with doxorubicin-mediated cytotoxicity. This study identifies a novel role of miR-200a in potentiating doxorubicin-mediated therapeutic effects in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cui
- Department of Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Dachen Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Peiqi Wan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Hou
- Department of Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
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9
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Ishola IO, Balogun AO, Adeyemi OO. Novel potential of metformin on valproic acid-induced autism spectrum disorder in rats: involvement of antioxidant defence system. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 34:650-661. [PMID: 32415700 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been shown to increase the risk of autism in children. This study examined the effect of metformin on VPA-induced autism spectrum disorders in rats. Pregnant albino rats administered VPA (500 mg/kg, i.p.) or normal saline (10 mL/kg, i.p.; vehicle-control) on gestational day 12.5. The pups were given metformin (5, 50 or 500 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle (10 mL/kg, p.o.) daily from postnatal day (PND) 21-50. Social behaviour, spatial learning/reference memory, repetitive behaviour and anxiety were assessed using the three-chamber social assay, Morris water maze (MWM), Y maze and elevated plus maze tests (EPM), respectively. On PND 51, the animals were euthanized and brains removed for biochemical assay. In utero VPA exposure caused significant reduction in sociability index, social novelty preference index in three-chambered apparatus and spatial learning and reference memory deficits in the MWM task as well as increase in repetitive/anxiety-like behaviour in Y maze and EPM tests, respectively, which were ameliorated by post-treatment with metformin in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, prenatal VPA increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels as well as deficits in antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) which were attenuated by metformin administration. Similarly, VPA-induced increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus and PFC were attenuated by postnatal treatment with metformin. Findings from this study showed that postnatal administration of metformin prevented valproic acid-induced autistic-like behaviour. Hence, metformin could be a potential adjunct in the management of autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Aishat O Balogun
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
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10
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Li S, Feng Z, Zhang X, Lan D, Wu Y. Up-regulation of microRNA-200c-3p inhibits invasion and migration of renal cell carcinoma cells via the SOX2-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:231. [PMID: 31516388 PMCID: PMC6731573 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-200c-3p (miR-200c-3p) has been revealed to be related to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression, while the inner mechanisms remain unknown. In our study, we intend to unearth the capability of miR-200c-3p in RCC development via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through binding to SOX2. Methods miR-200c-3p, SOX2, β-catenin and GSK3β expression in both tissues and cells of RCC were detected by RT-qPCR or western blot analysis. miR-200c-3p was restored or silenced to determine their biological functions of RCC cells. Expression of SOX2 and related proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The effect of the combination of downregulated miR-200c-3p and downregulated SOX2 on cell biological behavior change was also determined. Results Initially, we found that miR-200c-3p was declined while SOX2, β-catenin and GSK3β was elevated in RCC tissues and cells. A498 cells with the largest difference in miR-200c-3p expression and OS-RC-2 cells with the smallest difference were selected for subsequent experiments. Additionally, upregulated miR-200c-3p and downregulated SOX2 was determined to suppress proliferation, migration, invasion and induce apoptosis of RCC cells. Furthermore, miR-200c-3p inhibited SOX2 to inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion Collectively, this study highlights that upregulated miR-200c-3p inhibits expression of SOX2, thereby inhibiting development of RCC cells via modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Longhu Central Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Longhu Central Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Longhu Central Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Lan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Longhu Central Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Longhu Central Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 People's Republic of China
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11
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Hu H, Zhao C, Zhang P, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Wu E, Xue H, Liu C, Li Z. miR-26b modulates OA induced BMSC osteogenesis through regulating GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 107:158-164. [PMID: 30768922 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Osteoactivin (OA) is a key regulator promoting bone marrow stromal cells osteogenesis progress, while Dexamethasone (Dex) could inhibit OA induced osteogenesis and lead to osteoporosis. miR-26b increased during BMSC osteogenesis but whether it participates in this progress is enigma. Osteogenesis is under regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway which could serve as potential target for miR-26b. It bears therapeutic potential if miR-26b could regulate osteogenesis and antagonize Dex induced Osteoporosis (OP). METHODS BMSC were isolated from bone marrow of rats and induced for osteogenesis by OA administration. We detected miR-26b mRNA level together with osteogenesis related genes or Wnt signal pathway related genes by qRT-PCR. BMSC cells with miR-26b inhibitor or mimics revealed the effect of miR-26b on osteogenesis. The osteogenesis efficiency was detected by Alizarin Red staining and ALP activity. Protein level of canonical Wnt signal pathway and other proteins were detected by Western blot. The interaction between miR-26b and GSK3β was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS We found that miR-26b was increased during OA induced BMSC osteogenesis. Inhibiting miR-26b could lead to osteogenesis inhibition while miR-26b mimics could promote this progress. The key regulator of Wnt signal pathway GSK3β is down-regulated when miR-26b was overexpressed, resulting in β-catenin activation. Since Dex could promote GSK3β expression and inhibit Wnt signal, miR-26b could also alleviate Dex induced osteogenesis inhibition. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that miR-26b promoted BMSC osteogenesis by directly targeting GSK3β and activating canonical Wnt signal pathway, suggesting miR-26b might be serve as potential therapeutic candidate of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Chuanlong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Peiguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Yalong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangling, Demonstration Zone hospital District Hospital Xianyang 712100, Xian, PR.China
| | - Yulian Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Enquan Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, PR.China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- Hunan Youcheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhehai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Northern Hospital, China North Industries, Beijing 100089, PR.China.; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 014010, Inner Mongolia, PR.China..
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12
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Rogers CD, Nie S. Specifying neural crest cells: From chromatin to morphogens and factors in between. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2018; 7:e322. [PMID: 29722151 PMCID: PMC6215528 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) cells are a stem-like multipotent population of progenitor cells that are present in vertebrate embryos, traveling to various regions in the developing organism. Known as the "fourth germ layer," these cells originate in the ectoderm between the neural plate (NP), which will become the brain and spinal cord, and nonneural tissues that will become the skin and the sensory organs. NC cells can differentiate into more than 30 different derivatives in response to the appropriate signals including, but not limited to, craniofacial bone and cartilage, sensory nerves and ganglia, pigment cells, and connective tissue. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that control the induction and specification of NC cells include epigenetic control, multiple interactive and redundant transcriptional pathways, secreted signaling molecules, and adhesion molecules. NC cells are important not only because they transform into a wide variety of tissue types, but also because their ability to detach from their epithelial neighbors and migrate throughout developing embryos utilizes mechanisms similar to those used by metastatic cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms required for the induction and specification of NC cells in various vertebrate species, focusing on the roles of early morphogenesis, cell adhesion, signaling from adjacent tissues, and the massive transcriptional network that controls the formation of these amazing cells. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Gene Networks and Genomics Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal D. Rogers
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California
| | - Shuyi Nie
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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13
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Weiner AMJ. MicroRNAs and the neural crest: From induction to differentiation. Mech Dev 2018; 154:98-106. [PMID: 29859253 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can control gene expression by base pairing to partially complementary mRNAs. Regulation by microRNAs plays essential roles in diverse biological processes such as neural crest formation during embryonic development. The neural crest is a multipotent cell population that develops from the dorsal neural fold of vertebrate embryos in order to migrate extensively and differentiate into a variety of tissues. Gene regulatory networks that coordinate neural crest cell specification and differentiation have been considerably studied so far. Although it is known that microRNAs play important roles in neural crest development, posttranscriptional regulation by microRNAs has not been deeply characterized yet. This review is focused on the microRNAs identified so far in order to regulate gene expression of neural crest cells during vertebrate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M J Weiner
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2000EZP Rosario, Argentina.
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14
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Bao X, Zhao L, Guan H, Li F. Inhibition of LCMR1 and ATG12 by demethylation-activated miR-570-3p is involved in the anti-metastasis effects of metformin on human osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:611. [PMID: 29795113 PMCID: PMC5966512 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that metformin could mitigate the progression of several tumors. Although it has been proved that metformin could cause demethylation of DNA and lead to up-regulation of some encoding genes and non-coding RNAs, there is little data about the effects of metformin on metastasis, and the interaction between metastasis and autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells. Here, we found miR-570-3p was significantly down-regulated in human metastatic osteosarcoma tissues but not in non-metastatic osteosarcoma tissues. Metformin attenuates the metastasis and autophagy in osteosarcoma. Interestingly, this autophagy favors osteosarcoma cells invasion. Moreover, reduction of metformin-induced inhibition of autophagy could reverse the invasion suppression in osteosarcoma. Mechanistically, metformin increases miR-570-3p by the demethylation of DNA, and the upregulation of miR-570-3p repressed the translation of its target, LCMR1 and ATG12. Our results, for the first time, presents evidence that the miR-570-3p-mediated suppression of LCMR1 and ATG12 is involved in the metformin-induced inhibition of metastasis in osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanfeng Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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15
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TNFα and IL-1β modify the miRNA cargo of astrocyte shed extracellular vesicles to regulate neurotrophic signaling in neurons. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:363. [PMID: 29507357 PMCID: PMC5838212 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are known to be critical regulators of neuronal function. However, relatively few mediators of astrocyte to neuron communication have been identified. Recent advancements in the biology of extracellular vesicles have begun to implicate astrocyte derived extracellular vesicles (ADEV) as mediators of astrocyte to neuron communication, suggesting that alterations in the release and/or composition of ADEVs could influence gliotransmission. TNFα and IL-1β are key mediators of glial activation and neuronal damage, but the effects of these cytokines on the release or molecular composition of ADEVs is unknown. We found that ADEVs released in response to IL-1β (ADEV-IL-1β) and TNFα (ADEV-TNFα) were enriched with miRNAs that target proteins involved in neurotrophin signaling. We confirmed that miR-125a-5p and miR-16-5p (both enriched in ADEV-IL-1β and ADEV-TNFα) targeted NTKR3 and its downstream effector Bcl2. Downregulation of these targets in neurons was associated with reductions in dendritic growth, dendritic complexity, reduced spike rates, and burst activity. Molecular interference of miR-125a-5p and miR-16-5p prevented ADEV-IL-1β from reducing dendritic complexity, spike, and burst rates. These findings suggest that astrocytes respond to inflammatory challenge by modifying the miRNA cargo of ADEVs to diminish the activity of target neurons by regulating the translational expression of proteins controlling programs essential for synaptic stability and neuronal excitability.
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16
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Jiang W, Finniss S, Cazacu S, Xiang C, Brodie Z, Mikkelsen T, Poisson L, Shackelford DB, Brodie C. Repurposing phenformin for the targeting of glioma stem cells and the treatment of glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56456-56470. [PMID: 27486821 PMCID: PMC5302927 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. Here, we studied the effects of phenformin, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor and more potent chemical analog of the diabetes drug metformin on the inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis of glioma stem cells (GSCs) using both in vitro and in vivo models. Phenformin inhibited the self-renewal of GSCs, decreased the expression of stemness and mesenchymal markers and increased the expression of miR-124, 137 and let-7. Silencing of let-7 abrogated phenformin effects on the self-renewal of GSCs via a pathway associated with inhibition of H19 and HMGA2 expression. Moreover, we demonstrate that phenformin inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the overall survival of mice orthotopically transplanted with GSCs. Combined treatments of phenformin and temozolomide exerted an increased antitumor effect on GSCs in vitro and in vivo. In addition, dichloroacetate, an inhibitor of the glycolysis enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, that decreases lactic acidosis induced by biguanides, enhanced phenformin effects on the induction of cell death in GSCs and prolonged the survival of xenograft-bearing mice. Our results demonstrate for the first time that phenformin targets GSCs and can be efficiently combined with current therapies for GBM treatment and GSC eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Susan Finniss
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Simona Cazacu
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cunli Xiang
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ziv Brodie
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Laila Poisson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David B Shackelford
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chaya Brodie
- Davidson Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Tumorigenesis, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Everard and Mina Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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17
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Banerjee P, Surendran H, Bharti K, Morishita K, Varshney A, Pal R. Long Noncoding RNA RP11-380D23.2 Drives Distal-Proximal Patterning of the Lung by Regulating PITX2 Expression. Stem Cells 2018; 36:218-229. [PMID: 29143419 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Early lung development is a tightly orchestrated process encompassing (a) formation of definitive endoderm, (b) anteriorization of definitive endoderm, followed by (c) specification and maturation of both proximal and distal lung precursors. Several reports detailing the interaction of genes and proteins during lung development are available; however, studies reporting the role(s) of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in lung morphogenesis are limited. To investigate this, we tailored a protocol for differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells into distal and proximal lung progenitors to mimic in vivo lung development. The authenticity of differentiated cells was confirmed by expression of key lung markers such as FoxA2, Sox-17, Nkx2.1, Pitx2, FoxJ1, CC10, SPC, and via scanning as well as transmission electron microscopy. We employed next generation sequencing to identify lncRNAs and categorized them based on their proximity to genes essential for lung morphogenesis. In-depth bioinformatical analysis of the sequencing data enabled identification of a novel lncRNA, RP11-380D23.2, which is located upstream of PITX2 and includes a binding site for PARP1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and other relevant studies revealed that PARP1 is a repressor for PITX2. Whole genome microarray analysis of RP11-380D23.2/PITX2 knockdown populations of progenitors demonstrated enrichment in proximal progenitors and indicated altered distal-proximal patterning. Dysregulation of WNT effectors in both knockdowns highlighted direct modulation of PITX2 by RP11-380D23.2. Most of these results were validated in four independent hiPSC lines (including a patient-specific CFTR mutant line). Taken together, these findings offer a mechanistic explanation underpinning the role of RP11-380D23.2 during lung morphogenesis via WNT signaling. Stem Cells 2018;36:218-229.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Banerjee
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Harshini Surendran
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapil Bharti
- National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaoru Morishita
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Private Limited, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Private Limited, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Rajarshi Pal
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), NCBS-TIFR Campus, Eyestem Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- School of Life Sciences, TransDisciplinary University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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18
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Saini N, Yang X. Metformin as an anti-cancer agent: actions and mechanisms targeting cancer stem cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:133-143. [PMID: 29342230 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin, a first line medication for type II diabetes, initially entered the spotlight as a promising anti-cancer agent due to epidemiologic reports that found reduced cancer risk and improved clinical outcomes in diabetic patients taking metformin. To uncover the anti-cancer mechanisms of metformin, preclinical studies determined that metformin impairs cellular metabolism and suppresses oncogenic signaling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinase, PI3K/Akt, and mTOR pathways. Recently, the anti-cancer potential of metformin has gained increasing interest due to its inhibitory effects on cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are associated with tumor metastasis, drug resistance, and relapse. Studies using various cancer models, including breast, pancreatic, prostate, and colon, have demonstrated the potency of metformin in attenuating CSCs through the targeting of specific pathways involved in cell differentiation, renewal, metastasis, and metabolism. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the anti-cancer actions and mechanisms of metformin, including the regulation of CSCs and related pathways. We also discuss the potential anti-cancer applications of metformin as mono- or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Saini
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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Louis LK, Gopurappilly R, Surendran H, Dutta S, Pal R. Transcriptional profiling of human neural precursors post alcohol exposure reveals impaired neurogenesis via dysregulation of ERK signaling and miR-145. J Neurochem 2017; 146:47-62. [PMID: 28833141 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gestational alcohol exposure causes a range of neuropsychological disorders by modulating neurodevelopmental genes and proteins. The extent of damage depends on the stage of the embryo as well as dosage, duration and frequency of exposure. Here, we investigated the neurotoxic effects of alcohol using human embryonic stem cells. Multiple read-outs were engaged to assess the proliferation and differentiation capacity of neural precursor cells upon exposure to 100 mM ethanol for 48 h corresponding to the blood alcohol levels for binge drinkers. Whole-genome analysis revealed a spatiotemporal dysregulation of neuronal- and glial-specific gene expression that play critical roles in central nervous system (CNS) development. Alterations observed in the transcriptome may be attributed to epigenetic constitution witnessed by differential histone H3 Lys-4/Lys-27 modifications and acetylation status. In-depth mRNA and protein expression studies revealed abrogated extracellular signal-regulated kinases signaling in alcohol-treated cells. Consistent with this finding, ingenuity pathway analysis and micro-RNA profiling demonstrated up-regulation of miR-145 by targeting the neural specifier Sox-2. We also show that the neurite branching complexity of tubulin, beta 3 class III+ neurons was greatly reduced in response to alcohol. Finally, in vivo studies using zebrafish embryos reconfirmed the in vitro findings. Employing molecular endpoints in a human model, this report indicates for the first time that acute alcohol exposure could lead to impaired brain development via perturbation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases pathway and miR-145. However, it still needs to be addressed whether these modulations sustain throughout development, compromising the ability of the individual during adulthood and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lithin K Louis
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Harshini Surendran
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, India
- Eyestem Research, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Bangalore, India
| | - Sunit Dutta
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajarshi Pal
- School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, India
- Eyestem Research, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Bangalore, India
- School of Life Sciences, TransDisciplinary University, Yelahanka, Bangalore, India
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20
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype, Metformin, and Survival for Colorectal Cancer Patients with Diabetes Mellitus II. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:2520581. [PMID: 28744307 PMCID: PMC5506476 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2520581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the association between metformin treatment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and further appraise the prognostic values of metformin and EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin for colorectal cancer (CRC) in clinical practice. METHODS We collected specimens and evaluated clinicopathological parameters of 102 stage I to III CRC patients with prediagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM II). Expression of E-cadherin and vimentin in tumors was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0. RESULTS In correlation tests, we found a lower tumor cell EMT degree (more E-cadherin (P = 0.014) and less vimentin (P = 0.011) expression in patients who used metformin, and the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin was associated with serum CA19-9 (P = 0.048, P = 0.009), tumor invasive depth (T) (P < 0.001, P = 0.045), and lymph invasion (N) (P = 0.013, P = 0.001). In Cox multivariate regression analysis, E-cadherin was identified as a prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.038) and metformin use (P = 0.015P = 0.044) and lymph invasion (P = 0.016P = 0.023) were considered as the prognostic factors for both DFS and overall survival (OS). CONCLUSION Our study suggested that metformin may impede the EMT process and improve survival for stage I-III CRC patients with DM II.
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Li Z, Wu X, Gu L, Shen Q, Luo W, Deng C, Zhou Q, Chen X, Li Y, Lim Z, Wang X, Wang J, Yang X. Long non-coding RNA ATB promotes malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-200b/Kindlin-2 axis. Cell Death Dis 2017. [PMID: 28640252 PMCID: PMC5520904 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, especially in China. In addition, the prognosis of late stage patients is extremely poor. However, the biological significance of the long non-coding RNA lnc-ATB and its potential role in ESCC remain to be documented. In this study, we investigated the role of lnc-ATB and the underlying mechanism promoting its oncogenic activity in ESCC. Expression of lnc-ATB was higher in ESCC tissues and cell lines than that in normal counterparts. Upregulated lnc-ATB served as an independent prognosis predictor of ESCC patients. Moreover, loss-of-function assays in ESCC cells showed that knockdown of lnc-ATB inhibited cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigation indicated that lnc-ATB exerted oncogenic activities via regulating Kindlin-2, as the anti-migration role of lnc-ATB silence was attenuated by ectopic expression of Kindlin-2. Further analysis showed that lnc-ATB functions as a molecular sponge for miR-200b and Kindlin-2. Dysregulated miR-200b/Kindlin-2 signaling mediated the oncogenic activity of lnc-ATB in ESCC. Our results suggest that lnc-ATB predicts poor prognosis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Puer University, Puer, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Chuangzhong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZuanFu Lim
- WVU Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Chen CH, Tsai HT, Chuang HC, Shiu LY, Su LJ, Chiu TJ, Luo SD, Fang FM, Huang CC, Chien CY. Metformin disrupts malignant behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma via a novel signaling involving Late SV40 factor/Aurora-A. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1358. [PMID: 28465536 PMCID: PMC5430965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapeutic processes in patient with OSCC are associated with several unfavorable effects leading to patients with poor survival rate. Metformin has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases, including cancer. However, the precise roles and mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of metformin on OSCC remain elusive. In the current study, in vitro and xenograft model experiments revealed that metformin inhibited growth and metastasis of oral cancer cells. Importantly, metformin-restrained tumorigenesis of oral cancer was accompanied with strong decrease of both Aurora-A and Late SV40 Factor (LSF) expressions. Furthermore, LSF contributed to Aurora-A-elicited malignancy behaviors of oral cancer via binding to the promoter region of Aurora-A. A significant correlation was observed between LSF and Aurora-A levels in a cohort of specimens of oral cancer. These findings showed that a novel LSF/Aurora-A-signaling inhibition supports the rationale of using metformin as potential OSCC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Han Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Tsai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Chuang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yen Shiu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-SHOW University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cell Therapy and Research Center, Department of Medical Research, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Jan Chiu
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Dean Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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23
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Tkatchenko AV, Luo X, Tkatchenko TV, Vaz C, Tanavde VM, Maurer-Stroh S, Zauscher S, Gonzalez P, Young TL. Large-Scale microRNA Expression Profiling Identifies Putative Retinal miRNA-mRNA Signaling Pathways Underlying Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162541. [PMID: 27622715 PMCID: PMC5021328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of myopia is associated with large-scale changes in ocular tissue gene expression. Although differential expression of coding genes underlying development of myopia has been a subject of intense investigation, the role of non-coding genes such as microRNAs in the development of myopia is largely unknown. In this study, we explored myopia-associated miRNA expression profiles in the retina and sclera of C57Bl/6J mice with experimentally induced myopia using microarray technology. We found a total of 53 differentially expressed miRNAs in the retina and no differences in miRNA expression in the sclera of C57BL/6J mice after 10 days of visual form deprivation, which induced -6.93 ± 2.44 D (p < 0.000001, n = 12) of myopia. We also identified their putative mRNA targets among mRNAs found to be differentially expressed in myopic retina and potential signaling pathways involved in the development of form-deprivation myopia using miRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis. Analysis of myopia-associated signaling pathways revealed that myopic response to visual form deprivation in the retina is regulated by a small number of highly integrated signaling pathways. Our findings highlighted that changes in microRNA expression are involved in the regulation of refractive eye development and predicted how they may be involved in the development of myopia by regulating retinal gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Tkatchenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AVT); (TLY)
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tatiana V. Tkatchenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Candida Vaz
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivek M. Tanavde
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Medical Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pedro Gonzalez
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Terri L. Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AVT); (TLY)
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24
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Metformin mediated reversal of epithelial to mesenchymal transition is triggered by epigenetic changes in E-cadherin promoter. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:1397-1409. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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25
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Liu Q, Yuan W, Tong D, Liu G, Lan W, Zhang D, Xiao H, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Yang J, Zhang J, Jiang J. Metformin represses bladder cancer progression by inhibiting stem cell repopulation via COX2/PGE2/STAT3 axis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:28235-46. [PMID: 27058422 PMCID: PMC5053723 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a sub-population of tumor cells playing essential roles in initiation, differentiation, recurrence, metastasis and development of drug resistance of various cancers, including bladder cancer. Although multiple lines of evidence suggest that metformin is capable of repressing CSC repopulation in different cancers, the effect of metformin on bladder cancer CSCs remains largely unknown. Using the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced rat orthotropic bladder cancer model, we demonstrated that metformin is capable of repressing bladder cancer progression from both mild to moderate/severe dysplasia lesions and from carcinoma in situ (CIS) to invasive lesions. Metformin also can arrest bladder cancer cells in G1/S phases, which subsequently leads to apoptosis. And also metformin represses bladder cancer CSC repopulation evidenced by reducing cytokeratin 14 (CK14+) and octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4+) cells in both animal and cellular models. More importantly, we found that metformin exerts these anticancer effects by inhibiting COX2, subsequently PGE2 as well as the activation of STAT3. In conclusion, we are the first to systemically demonstrate in both animal and cell models that metformin inhibits bladder cancer progression by inhibiting stem cell repopulation through the COX2/PGE2/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Wenqiang Yuan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Dali Tong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Gaolei Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Weihua Lan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA
| | - Hualiang Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Zaoming Huang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
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26
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Huan H, Wen X, Chen X, Wu L, Liu W, Habib NA, Bie P, Xia F. C/EBPα Short-Activating RNA Suppresses Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Inhibiting EGFR/β-Catenin Signaling Mediated EMT. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153117. [PMID: 27050434 PMCID: PMC4822802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with high mortality, and tumor metastasis is an important reason for poor prognosis. However, metastasis has not been effectively prevented in clinical therapy and the mechanisms underlying metastasis have not been fully characterized. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) is a transcriptional regulator with an essential role in tumor metastasis. We used short-activating RNAs (saRNA) to enhance expression of C/EBPα. Intravenous injection of C/EBPα-saRNA in a nude mouse liver orthotopic xenograft tumor model inhibited intrahepatic and distant metastasis. C/EBPα-saRNA-treated mice showed increased serum levels of albumin and decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST), indicating a role of C/EBPα in improving liver function. Migration and invasion were inhibited in hepatoma cell lines transfected with C/EBPα-saRNA. We also observed an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR phosphorylation, and β-catenin in C/EBPa-saRNA-transfected cells. Our results suggested that C/EBPα-saRNA successfully inhibited HCC metastasis by inhibiting EGFR/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated EMT in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Huan
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudong Wen
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Laboratory of Biotherapy of Cancer, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihui Liu
- General Surgery Center, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Nagy A. Habib
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Bie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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