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Gomez-Villalba LS, Salcines C, Fort R. Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk of Toxicity, and Preventive Measures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091454. [PMID: 37176999 PMCID: PMC10180185 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has allowed for significant progress in architectural, artistic, archaeological, or museum heritage conservation for repairing and preventing damages produced by deterioration agents (weathering, contaminants, or biological actions). This review analyzes the current treatments using nanomaterials, including consolidants, biocides, hydrophobic protectives, mechanical resistance improvers, flame-retardants, and multifunctional nanocomposites. Unfortunately, nanomaterials can affect human and animal health, altering the environment. Right now, it is a priority to stop to analyze its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the aims are to raise awareness about the nanotoxicity risks during handling and the subsequent environmental exposure to all those directly or indirectly involved in conservation processes. It reports the human-body interaction mechanisms and provides guidelines for preventing or controlling its toxicity, mentioning the current toxicity research of main compounds and emphasizing the need to provide more information about morphological, structural, and specific features that ultimately contribute to understanding their toxicity. It provides information about the current documents of international organizations (European Commission, NIOSH, OECD, Countries Normative) about worker protection, isolation, laboratory ventilation control, and debris management. Furthermore, it reports the qualitative risk assessment methods, management strategies, dose control, and focus/receptor relationship, besides the latest trends of using nanomaterials in masks and gas emissions control devices, discussing their risk of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Stella Gomez-Villalba
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ciro Salcines
- Infrastructures Service, Health and Safety Unit, University of Cantabria, Pabellón de Gobierno, Avenida de los Castros 54, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rafael Fort
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Shen Y, Sun J, Sun X. Intraocular nano-microscale drug delivery systems for glaucoma treatment: design strategies and recent progress. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:84. [PMID: 36899348 PMCID: PMC9999627 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment and blindness, affecting over 76.0 million people worldwide in 2020, with a predicted increase to 111.8 million by 2040. Hypotensive eye drops remain the gold standard for glaucoma treatment, while inadequate patient adherence to medication regimens and poor bioavailability of drugs to target tissues are major obstacles to effective treatment outcomes. Nano/micro-pharmaceuticals, with diverse spectra and abilities, may represent a hope of removing these obstacles. This review describes a set of intraocular nano/micro drug delivery systems involved in glaucoma treatment. Particularly, it investigates the structures, properties, and preclinical evidence supporting the use of these systems in glaucoma, followed by discussing the route of administration, the design of systems, and factors affecting in vivo performance. Finally, it concludes by highlighting the emerging notion as an attractive approach to address the unmet needs for managing glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuening Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China.
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3
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Mandal M, Banerjee I, Mandal M. Nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy as a novel strategy for the treatment of retinoblastoma. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Razavi MS, Ebrahimnejad P, Fatahi Y, D’Emanuele A, Dinarvand R. Recent Developments of Nanostructures for the Ocular Delivery of Natural Compounds. Front Chem 2022; 10:850757. [PMID: 35494641 PMCID: PMC9043530 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.850757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular disorders comprising various diseases of the anterior and posterior segments are considered as the main reasons for blindness. Natural products have been identified as potential treatments for ocular diseases due to their anti-oxidative, antiangiogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Unfortunately, most of these beneficial compounds are characterised by low solubility which results in low bioavailability and rapid systemic clearance thus requiring frequent administration or requiring high doses, which hinders their therapeutic applications. Additionally, the therapeutic efficiency of ocular drug delivery as a popular route of drug administration for the treatment of ocular diseases is restricted by various anatomical and physiological barriers. Recently, nanotechnology-based strategies including polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, nanofibers, dendrimers, lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and niosomes have emerged as promising approaches to overcome limitations and enhance ocular drug bioavailability by effective delivery to the target sites. This review provides an overview of nano-drug delivery systems of natural compounds such as thymoquinone, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, curcumin, berberine, pilocarpine, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, naringenin, lutein, kaempferol, baicalin, and tetrandrine for ocular applications. This approach involves increasing drug concentration in the carriers to enhance drug movement into and through the ocular barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Sadat Razavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antony D’Emanuele
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
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5
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Merlin JPJ, Li X. Role of Nanotechnology and Their Perspectives in the Treatment of Kidney Diseases. Front Genet 2022; 12:817974. [PMID: 35069707 PMCID: PMC8766413 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.817974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are differing in particle size, charge, shape, and compatibility of targeting ligands, which are linked to improved pharmacologic characteristics, targetability, and bioavailability. Researchers are now tasked with developing a solution for enhanced renal treatment that is free of side effects and delivers the medicine to the active spot. A growing number of nano-based medication delivery devices are being used to treat renal disorders. Kidney disease management and treatment are currently causing a substantial global burden. Renal problems are multistep processes involving the accumulation of a wide range of molecular and genetic alterations that have been related to a variety of kidney diseases. Renal filtration is a key channel for drug elimination in the kidney, as well as a burgeoning topic of nanomedicine. Although the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of renal illnesses is still in its early phases, it offers a lot of potentials. In this review, we summarized the properties of the kidney and characteristics of drug delivery systems, which affect a drug’s ability should focus on the kidney and highlight the possibilities, problems, and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Jose Merlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Schneider-Futschik EK, Reyes-Ortega F. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1157. [PMID: 34452117 PMCID: PMC8400382 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, that develop ocular disorders as secondary effects as long as the disease progresses. These patients are more difficult to be pharmacologically treated using conventional drug routes (topically, systemic), since specific pharmacological formulations can be incompatible, display increased toxicity, or their therapeutic efficacy decreases with the administration of different kind of chemical molecules. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used as potent drug carriers and magnetic hyperthermia agents due to their response to an external magnetic field. Drugs can be concentrated in the target point, limiting the damage to other tissues. The other advantage of these magnetic nanoparticles is that they can act as magnetic resonance imaging agents, allowing the detection of the exact location of the disease. However, there are some drawbacks related to their use in drug delivery, such as the limitation to maintain efficacy in the target organ once the magnetic field is removed from outside. Another disadvantage is the difficulty in maintaining the therapeutic action in three dimensions inside the human body. This review summarizes all the application possibilities related to magnetic nanoparticles in ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena K. Schneider-Futschik
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Felisa Reyes-Ortega
- Visual Quality Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital and University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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7
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Zhai Z, Cheng Y, Hong J. Nanomedicines for the treatment of glaucoma: Current status and future perspectives. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:41-56. [PMID: 33601065 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the global leading cause of irreversible blindness. It is a chronic progressive disorder and, therefore, often requires long-term management with drugs on patients' discretion. However, there is a shortage of antiglaucoma drugs in the current market due to their low bioavailability. This is because there are multiple biological barriers of the human eyes, thereby leading to increased demands for frequent dosage regimen per day of these drugs, which could result in concomitant side effects and eventually reduced patient compliance. Recently, nanomedicines have become optimized alternatives to conventional ophthalmic formulations due to advantages of improved barrier permeability, sustained drug release, tissue targeting, and lowered systemic absorption of instilled medications. These merits provide the active ingredients in these nanomedicines an effective manner to reach the ideal concentrations at sites of damaged nerves, offering a promising platform for neuroprotective treatment of these conditions. In this study, nanomedicines and nanomedicine-based novel strategies for pharmacotherapy of glaucoma were reviewed, including liposomes, niosomes, nanoparticles, and dendrimers. This article intends to offer a comprehensive review of frontier progresses as well as hotspots and issues that appeared in the field of nanomedicines, which may enable a practical flourish in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent novel pharmaceutical strategies toward glaucoma, a chronic blinding ocular disease that currently requires frequent daily dosage regimen, based on nanomedicines and nanomaterials have been comprehensively reviewed in this manuscript. The collection of field hotspots and issues in the late years should offer a quick grasp of the general concept and up-to-date threads upon the refinement of existing treatment patterns for glaucoma. Meanwhile, the Conclusion and Future Perspective section given at the end of the text brings out the possible shortages and opinions in terms of ideal research direction, which hopefully could facilitate a future practical flourish in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Zhai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Jiaxu Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Antimicrobial nanomedicine for ocular bacterial and fungal infection. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1352-1375. [PMID: 33840082 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ocular infection induced by bacteria and fungi is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness. Topical administration of antibiotics remains the first-line treatment, as effective eradication of pathogens is the core of the anti-infection strategy. Whereas, eye drops lack efficiency and have relatively low bioavailability. Intraocular injection may cause concurrent ocular damage and secondary infection. In addition, antibiotic-based management can be limited by the low sensitivity to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Nanomedicine is proposed as a prospective, effective, and noninvasive platform to mediate ocular delivery and combat pathogen or even resistant strains. Nanomedicine can not only carry antimicrobial agents to fight against pathogens but also directly active microbicidal capability, killing pathogens. More importantly, by modification, nanomedicine can achieve enhanced residence time and release time on the cornea, and easy penetration through corneal tissues into anterior and posterior segments of the eye, thus improving the therapeutic effect for ocular infection. In this review, several categories of antimicrobial nanomedicine are systematically discussed, where the efficiency and possibility of further embellishment and improvement to adapt to clinical use are also investigated. All in all, novel antimicrobial nanomedicine provides potent and prospective ways to manage severe and refractory ocular infections.
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Dogra A, Kaur K, Ali J, Baboota S, Narang RS, Narang JK. Nanoformulations for Ocular Delivery of Drugs - A Patent Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:255-272. [PMID: 31985387 DOI: 10.2174/1872211314666200127101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of ocular therapeutics with improved efficacy, enhanced bioavailability, and acceptable patient compliance presents unique challenges. This can be attributed to the presence of protective mechanisms, physicobiological barriers, and structural obstacles in the eye. Nanotherapeutic interventions have been explored extensively over the past few years to overcome these limitations. The present review focusses on the nanoformulations developed for the diagnosis and treatment of various ocular diseases besides providing an in-depth insight into the patents reported for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Dogra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Kuljeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh Narang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Jasjeet Kaur Narang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
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10
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Kwon S, Kim SH, Khang D, Lee JY. Potential Therapeutic Usage of Nanomedicine for Glaucoma Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:5745-5765. [PMID: 32821099 PMCID: PMC7418176 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s254792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, leading to irreversible blindness. Currently, intraocular pressure reduction is the only established treatment available for glaucoma. With this treatment, the progression of the disease can only be delayed and there is no recovery. In addition, the commercially available eye drops have the disadvantage of low compliance and short therapeutic time, while glaucoma surgery always has the risk of failure due to wound fibrosis. Nanotechnology can overcome the limitations of the current treatment through the encapsulation and conjugation of drugs used for lowering intraocular pressure and antifibrotic agents using biodegradable or biocompatible nanoparticles for the sustained release of the drugs to protect the damaged ocular cells. Furthermore, using nanotechnology, treatment can be administered in various forms, including eye drops, contact lens, and ocular inserts, according to the convenience of the patients. Despite the promising results of delaying the progression of glaucoma, the regeneration of damaged ocular cells, including trabecular meshwork and retinal ganglion cells, is another critical hurdle to overcome. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and Müller glia cells can secrete neurogenic factors that trigger the regeneration of associated cells, including trabecular meshwork and retinal ganglion cells. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential therapeutic applications of nanotechnology- and stem cell-based methods that can be employed for the protection and regeneration of ocular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Kwon
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, South Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea.,Department of Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Jong Yeon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, South Korea
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You S, Kim H, Jung HY, Kim B, Lee EJ, Kim JW, Kim Y. Tuning surface functionalities of sub-10 nm-sized nanocarriers to target outer retina in designing drug delivery agents for intravitreal administration. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120188. [PMID: 32652402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness, generally affecting people over 50 years of age in industrialized countries. Despite the effectiveness of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in attenuating the growth of new blood vessels, substantial visual improvements are rare with this complex disease. Furthermore, the current regimen of repeated monthly intravitreal injections of drugs can result in serious side effects. Combination therapies-to complement anti-VEGF alone-with a prolonged therapeutic effect and efficient delivery to the intended site are urgently needed, which could be realized through the use of carefully designed nanocarriers. To understand the physicochemical effects (e.g., size, charge, geometry) of intravitreally administered nanocarriers on their bioavailability, distribution, and targeting efficiency across multiple layers of the retina, here we prepared seven different types of surface-functionalized water-soluble dendritic nanocarriers with hydrodynamic sizes mostly under 5 nm. A similar stoichiometric amount of fluorophore was covalently attached to each of these biocompatible nanocarriers for quantitative analyses by confocal microscopy of cryosectioned healthy mouse eyes. Interestingly, at 24 h post-injection, the nanocarrier with multiple copies of glucosamine on the surface (DNSG) accumulated predominantly in the photoreceptor layer and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which are speculated to be associated with AMD pathogenesis (i.e., target sites). Furthermore, extended residence at these outer retinal layers was demonstrated by DNSG, which appeared to gradually turn into micron-scale particles potentially through aggregation. Our systematic findings may provide useful guidelines for the rational design of intravitreal nanocarriers to treat vision-threatening retinal diseases, including AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon You
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungtai Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Youn Jung
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Kim
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kim D, Lee H, Kwon S, Sung YJ, Song WK, Park S. Bilayer Hydrogel Sheet-Type Intraocular Microrobot for Drug Delivery and Magnetic Nanoparticles Retrieval. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000118. [PMID: 32431072 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
By virtue of minimum invasiveness and driving ability using a magnetic field, drug delivery with the aid of a microrobot has an inherent potential for targeted treatment for the eye. The use of microrobots, however, has the limitation of leaving magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the eye that can cause side effects. In this study, a bilayer hydrogel microrobot capable of retrieving MNPs after drug delivery is proposed that overcomes the limitations of existing microrobots. The bilayer hydrogel microrobot is composed of an MNPs layer and a therapeutic layer. Upon applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF) at the target point, the therapeutic layer is dissolved to deliver drug particles, and then the MNPs layer can be retrieved using a magnetic field. The targeting and MNPs retrieval tests validate the drug delivery and MNPs retrieval ability of the microrobot. The ex vivo bovine vitreous and in vitro cell tests demonstrate the potential for the vitreous migration of the microrobot and the therapeutic effect against retinoblastoma Y79 cancer cells. This bilayer hydrogel sheet-type intraocular microrobot provides a new drug delivery paradigm that overcomes the limitations of microrobot by maintaining the advantages of conventional microrobots in delivering drugs to the eye and retrieving MNPs after drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐In Kim
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoryong Lee
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Su‐Hyun Kwon
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Je Sung
- Department of OphthalmologyCHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University College of Medicine Bundang‐gu Seongnam Gyunggido 13496 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kyung Song
- Department of OphthalmologyCHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University College of Medicine Bundang‐gu Seongnam Gyunggido 13496 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukho Park
- Department of Robotics EngineeringDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea
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Riau AK, Lwin NC, Gelfand L, Hu H, Liedberg B, Chodosh J, Venkatraman SS, Mehta JS. Surface modification of corneal prosthesis with nano-hydroxyapatite to enhance in vivo biointegration. Acta Biomater 2020; 107:299-312. [PMID: 31978623 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The majority of clinical corneal prostheses (KPros) adopt a core-skirt configuration. This configuration is favored owing to the optic core (generally a cylindrical, acrylic-based material, such as PMMA), that not only provides a clear window for the patients' vision, but also confers resistance to biodegradability. The surrounding skirt (typically a biological material, such as corneal tissue) allows for host tissue integration. However, due to poor biointegration between the dissimilar core and skirt materials, it results in a weak adhesion at the interface, giving rise to clinical complications, such as bacterial infections in the tissue-PMMA interface and device extrusion. Here, we physically immobilized nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) on a PMMA cylinder via a dip-coating technique, to create a bioactive surface that improved biointegration in vivo. We established that the nHAp coating was safe and stable in the rabbit cornea over five weeks. More importantly, we found that apoptotic, wound healing and inflammatory responses to nHAp-coated PMMA were substantially milder than to non-coated PMMA. More mature collagen, similar to the non-operated cornea, was maintained in the corneal stroma adjacent to the nHAp-coated implant edge. However, around the non-coated cylinder, an abundant new and loose connective tissue formed, similar to bone tissue response to bioinert scaffolds. As a result of superior biointegration, tissue adhesion with nHAp-coated PMMA cylinders was also significantly enhanced compared to non-coated cylinders. This study set a precedent for the future application of the nHAp coating on clinical KPros. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Currently, all clinical corneal prostheses utilize as-manufactured, non-surface modified PMMA optic cylinder. The bioinert cylinder, however, has poor biointegration and adhesion with the surrounding biological tissue, which can give rise to postoperative complications, such as microbial invasion in the tissue-PMMA loose interface and PMMA optic cylinder extrusion. In the current study, we showed that surface modification of the PMMA cylinder with bioactive nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) significantly enhanced its biointegration with corneal stromal tissue in vivo. The superior biointegration of the nHAp-coated PMMA was signified by a more attenuated corneal wound healing, inflammatory and fibrotic response, and better tissue apposition, as well as a significantly improved corneal stromal tissue adhesion when compared to the non-coated PMMA.
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14
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Mahboobian MM, Mohammadi M, Mansouri Z. Development of thermosensitive in situ gel nanoemulsions for ocular delivery of acyclovir. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Even though significant advances have been made in its management, currently available antiglaucoma therapies suffer from considerable drawbacks. Typically, the success and efficacy of glaucoma medications are undermined by their limited bioavailability to target tissues and the inadequate adherence demonstrated by patients with glaucoma. The latter is due to a gradual decrease in tolerability of lifelong topical therapies and the significant burden to patients of prescribed stepwise antiglaucoma regimens with frequent dosing which impact quality of life. On the other hand, glaucoma surgery is restricted by the inability of antifibrotic agents to efficiently control the wound healing process without causing severe collateral damage and long-term complications. Evolution of the treatment paradigm for patients with glaucoma will ideally include prevention of retinal ganglion cell degeneration by the successful delivery of neurotrophic factors, anti-inflammatory drugs, and gene therapies. Nanotechnology-based treatments may surpass the limitations of currently available glaucoma therapies through optimized targeted drug delivery, increased bioavailability, and controlled release. This review addresses the recent advances in glaucoma treatment strategies employing nanotechnology, including medical and surgical management, neuroregeneration, and neuroprotection.
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Juliana FR, Kesse S, Boakye-Yiadom KO, Veroniaina H, Wang H, Sun M. Promising Approach in the Treatment of Glaucoma Using Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine-Based Systems. Molecules 2019; 24:E3805. [PMID: 31652593 PMCID: PMC6833088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is considered a leading cause of blindness with the human eye being one of the body's most delicate organs. Ocular diseases encompass diverse diseases affecting the anterior and posterior ocular sections, respectively. The human eye's peculiar and exclusive anatomy and physiology continue to pose a significant obstacle to researchers and pharmacologists in the provision of efficient drug delivery. Though several traditional invasive and noninvasive eye therapies exist, including implants, eye drops, and injections, there are still significant complications that arise which may either be their low bioavailability or the grave ocular adverse effects experienced thereafter. On the other hand, new nanoscience technology and nanotechnology serve as a novel approach in ocular disease treatment. In order to interact specifically with ocular tissues and overcome ocular challenges, numerous active molecules have been modified to react with nanocarriers. In the general population of glaucoma patients, disease growth and advancement cannot be contained by decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP), hence a spiking in future research for novel drug delivery systems and target therapeutics. This review focuses on nanotechnology and its therapeutic and diagnostic prospects in ophthalmology, specifically glaucoma. Nanotechnology and nanomedicine history, the human eye anatomy, research frontiers in nanomedicine and nanotechnology, its imaging modal quality, diagnostic and surgical approach, and its possible application in glaucoma will all be further explored below. Particular focus will be on the efficiency and safety of this new therapy and its advances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Kesse
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Kofi Oti Boakye-Yiadom
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Hanitrarimalala Veroniaina
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Meihao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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Esteban-Pérez S, Bravo-Osuna I, Andrés-Guerrero V, Molina-Martínez IT, Herrero-Vanrell R. Trojan Microparticles Potential for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:570-582. [PMID: 31486746 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190905150331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The administration of drugs to treat ocular disorders still remains a technological challenge in this XXI century. Although there is an important arsenal of active molecules useful to treat ocular diseases, ranging from classical compounds to biotechnological products, currenty, no ideal delivery system is able to profit all their therapeutic potential. Among the Intraocular Drug Delivery Systems (IODDS) proposed to overcome some of the most important limitations, microsystems and nanosystems have raised high attention. While microsystems are able to offer long-term release after intravitreal injection, nanosystems can protect the active compound from external environment (reducing their clearance) and direct it to its target tissues. In recent years, some researchers have explored the possibility of combining micro and nanosystems in "Nanoparticle-in-Microparticle (NiMs)" systems or "trojan systems". This excellent idea is not exempt of technological problems, remains partially unsolved, especially in the case of IODDS. The objective of the present review is to show the state of art concerning the design, preparation and characterization of trojan microparticles for drug delivery and to remark their potential and limitations as IODDS, one of the most important challenges faced by pharmaceutical technology at the moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Esteban-Pérez
- Complutense University, InnOftal Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irene Bravo-Osuna
- Complutense University, InnOftal Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Ocular Pathology National Net (OFTARED) of the Institute of Health Carlos III, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero
- Complutense University, InnOftal Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irene T Molina-Martínez
- Complutense University, InnOftal Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rocío Herrero-Vanrell
- Complutense University, InnOftal Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
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18
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Zhu S, Gong L, Li Y, Xu H, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials to Eyes: An Important but Neglected Issue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802289. [PMID: 31453052 PMCID: PMC6702629 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The production and application of nanomaterials have grown tremendously during last few decades. The widespread exposure of nanoparticles to the public is provoking great concerns regarding their toxicity to the human body. However, in comparison with the extensive studies carried out to examine nanoparticle toxicity to the human body/organs, one especially vulnerable organ, the eye, is always neglected. Although it is a small part of the body, 90% of outside information is obtained via the ocular system. In addition, eyes usually directly interact with the surrounding environment, which may get severer damage from toxic nanoparticles compared to inner organs. Therefore, the study of assessing the potential nanoparticle toxicity to the eyes is of great importance. Here, the recent advance of some representative manufactured nanomaterials on ocular toxicity is summarized. First, a brief introduction of ocular anatomy and disorders related to particulate matter exposure is presented. Following, the factors that may influence toxicity of nanoparticles to the eye are emphasized. Next, the studies of representative manufactured nanoparticles on eye toxicity are summarized and classified. Finally, the limitations that are associated with current nanoparticle-eye toxicity research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Linji Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yijian Li
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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19
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Sauvage F, Fraire JC, Remaut K, Sebag J, Peynshaert K, Harrington M, Van de Velde FJ, Xiong R, Tassignon MJ, Brans T, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC. Photoablation of Human Vitreous Opacities by Light-Induced Vapor Nanobubbles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:8401-8416. [PMID: 31287662 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Myopia, diabetes, and aging are the main causes of progressive vitreous collagen aggregation, resulting in vitreous opacities, which can significantly disturb vision. As vitreous opacities, which induce the visual phenomenon of "floaters", are accessible with nanomaterials and light, we propose a nanotechnology-based approach to locally ablate them with highly reduced light energy compared to the more traditional YAG laser therapy. Our strategy relies on the plasmon properties of gold nanoparticles that generate vapor nanobubbles upon pulsed-laser illumination whose mechanical force can ablate vitreous opacities. We designed gold nanoparticles coated with hyaluronic acid (HA), which have excellent diffusional mobility in human vitreous, an essential requirement to reach the vitreous opacities. In addition, we found that HA-coated gold nanoparticles can accumulate extensively on human vitreous opacities that were obtained by vitrectomy from patients with vision-degrading myodesopsia. When subsequently applying nanosecond laser pulses, the collagen aggregates were efficiently destroyed with ∼1000 times less light energy than typically used in YAG laser therapy. This low-energy "floater-specific destruction", which is due to the accumulation of the small gold nanoparticles on the opacities, is attractive, as it may be safer to the surrounding ocular tissues while at the same time being easier and faster to apply compared to YAG laser therapy, where the opacities need to be ablated piece by piece by a tightly focused laser beam. Gold nanoparticle-assisted photoablation may therefore provide a safer, faster, and more reliable destruction of vitreous opacities in the treatment of ophthalmologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Sauvage
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Juan C Fraire
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - J Sebag
- VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina , Huntington Beach , California 92647 , United States
- Doheny Eye Institute/UCLA , Los Angeles , California 90033 , United States
| | - Karen Peynshaert
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Michael Harrington
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes , Pasadena , California 91105 , United States
| | - Frans J Van de Velde
- Schepens Eye Research Institute , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02114 , United States
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Marie-José Tassignon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital , University of Antwerp , Antwerp 2020 , Belgium
| | - Toon Brans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent 9000 , Belgium
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20
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Lee H, Park K. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Cultured Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea Cells. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:287-294. [PMID: 31341558 PMCID: PMC6629441 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.3.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of eye exposure for workers participating in manufacturing of nanoparticles or consumers using products containing nanoparticles has been reported, but toxicity studies on the eye are scarce. In this study, cytotoxicity of five nanoparticles including silver, ceria, silica, titanium and zinc were tested using Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells. When cells were treated with nanoparticles with concentrations of 1–100 μg/mL for 24 hr, zinc oxide nanoparticles showed higher toxicity to cornea cells. LC50 of zinc oxide nanoparticles was less than 25 μg/mL but those of other nanoparticles could not be calculated in this test, which means more than 100 μg/mL. Generation of reactive oxygen species was observed, and expression of apoptosis related biomarkers including Bax and Bcl-2 were changed after treatment of zinc oxide nanoparticles, while no other significant toxicity- related changes were observed in cornea cells treated with Ag, CeO2, SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handule Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwangsik Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Rai M, Grupenmacher A, Ingle AP, Paralikar P, Gupta I, Alves M. Evolving nanotechnological trends in the management of mycotic keratitis. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:464-470. [PMCID: PMC8676592 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The alarming increase in global burden of various corneal diseases in general and mycotic keratitis in particular has raised up a major concern for its treatment. Mycotic keratitis is one of the most serious infections among the various ocular diseases. The proper diagnosis and effective treatment strategies remain a great challenge for ophthalmologists. The inefficacy and failure of conventional treatments have generated need to develop alternative approaches for the treatment of mycotic keratitis. Considering the promising applications of nanotechnology in biomedical area, it is believed that various nanomaterials can be effectively used in the management of mycotic keratitis. This review focuses on worldwide burden of various corneal diseases including mycotic keratitis and the role of nanotechnology in its treatment. In addition, safety and toxicological issues are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Rai
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologySant Gadge Baba Amravati UniversityAmravati444602MaharashtraIndia
| | | | - Avinash P. Ingle
- Department of BiotechnologyEngineering School of LorenaUniversity of Sao PauloLorenaSPBrazil
| | - Priti Paralikar
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologySant Gadge Baba Amravati UniversityAmravati444602MaharashtraIndia
| | - Indarchand Gupta
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratoryDepartment of BiotechnologySant Gadge Baba Amravati UniversityAmravati444602MaharashtraIndia
- Department of BiotechnologyInstitute of ScienceAurangabad431004MaharashtraIndia
| | - Monica Alves
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of CampinasSPBrazil
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22
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Li J, Liu H, Ming J, Sun D, Chen X, Liu X, Zheng N. The biobehavior, biocompatibility and theranostic application of SPNS and Pd@Au nanoplates in rats and rabbits. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1677-1686. [PMID: 30842831 PMCID: PMC6368216 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04318c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
On account of the fascinating surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, the ability of passively targeting tumors and remarkable biocompatibility, two-dimensional (2D) Pd-based nanomaterials have demonstrated wide application prospects in cancer theranostics. However, the used animal models for exploring the bioapplications and biosafety of 2D Pd-based nanomaterials were usually limited to mice. To further widen their biomedical applications and promote future clinical transformation, it is necessary to make a breakthrough in animal models. In this work, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and New Zealand rabbits were used as the experimental animals and orthotopic liver tumors or subcutaneous tumors were induced in these animals. Taking ≈5 nm small Pd nanosheets (SPNS) and 30 nm Pd@Au nanoplates (Pd@Au) as the representative 2D Pd-based nanomaterials, we investigated their biobehaviors and biosafety in rat liver & subcutaneous tumor models and rabbit liver tumors. The results indicated that SPNS and Pd@Au could still effectively accumulate on the tumor sites of these bigger animal models by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and the accumulation effects were closely related to their sizes. Metabolism studies confirmed that SPNS could be excreted out of rats through urine. Moreover, based on the sufficient uptake by cancer cells and passive accumulation of SPNS and Pd@Au in subcutaneous tumors in rats, we performed photothermal therapy (PTT) in vitro and in vivo. Significant tumor growth inhibition illustrated that even though the animal model was dozens of times bigger than the mouse model, the 2D Pd-based nanomaterials satisfied the requirements of being an outstanding photothermal reagent. Finally, the hematological and histological examination results suggested that SPNS and Pd@Au had favorable biocompatibility in rats and rabbits at a given dose. We hope this work will drive the development of 2D Pd-based nanomaterials towards practical clinical applications and provide a guide for other theranostic nanoplatforms that will be applied in bigger animal tumor models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China . ;
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province , Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , 350025 , China
| | - Jiang Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China . ;
| | - Duo Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China . ;
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China . ;
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province , Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , 350025 , China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China . ;
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23
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Roche KC, Medik YB, Rodgers Z, Warner S, Wang AZ. Cancer Nanotherapeutics Administered by Non-conventional Routes. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01775-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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24
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Bodoki E, Vostinaru O, Samoila O, Dinte E, Bodoki AE, Swetledge S, Astete CE, Sabliov CM. Topical nanodelivery system of lutein for the prevention of selenite-induced cataract. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:188-197. [PMID: 30312662 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cataracts are responsible for half of the world blindness, surgery being the only viable treatment. Lutein, a naturally occurring carotenoid in the eye, has the potential to reduce cataract progression by protecting the eye from photo-oxidative stress. To restore the eye's natural line of defense against photo-oxidative stress, a formulation was developed using zein and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an optimized bioadhesive thermosensitive gel for the delivery of lutein via topical application. Cataracts were induced in Crl:WI rats via selenite injection at 13 days post-partum, followed by 7 days of treatment with free lutein or lutein-loaded NPs administered orally or topically. Cataract severity was significantly reduced in rats treated with topical applications of lutein-loaded NPs compared to the positive control, while no significant differences were observed in rats treated with other lutein formulations including oral and topically applied free lutein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ede Bodoki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Oliviu Vostinaru
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Physiopathology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Samoila
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Ophtalmology Clinic Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Dinte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea E Bodoki
- General and Inorganic Chemistry Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sean Swetledge
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Carlos E Astete
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States.
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25
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Yang Y, Xu L, Dekkers S, Zhang LG, Cassee FR, Zuo YY. Aggregation State of Metal-Based Nanomaterials at the Pulmonary Surfactant Film Determines Biophysical Inhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:8920-8929. [PMID: 30011188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based nanomaterials (MNMs) represent a large category of the engineered nanomaterials, and have been extensively used to enhance the electrical, optical, and magnetic properties of nanoenabled consumer products. Inhaled MNMs can penetrate deeply into the peripheral lung at which they first interact with the pulmonary surfactant (PS) lining of alveoli. Here we studied the biophysical inhibitory potential of representative MNMs on a modified natural PS, Infasurf, using a novel in vitro experimental methodology called the constrained drop surfactometry (CDS). It was found that the biophysical inhibitory potential of six MNMs on Infasurf ranks in the order CeO2 > ZnO > TiO2 > Ag > Fe3O4 > ZrO2-CeO2. This rank of in vitro biophysical inhibition is in general agreement with the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of these MNMs. Directly imaging the lateral structure and molecular conformation of the PS film using atomic force microscopy revealed that there exists a correlation between biophysical inhibition of the PS film by the MNMs and their aggregation state at the PS film. Taken together, our study suggests that the nano-bio interactions at the PS film are determined by multiple physicochemical properties of the MNMs, including not only well-studied properties such as their chemical composition and particle size, but also properties such as hydrophobicity, dissolution rate, and aggregation state at the PS film found here. Our study provides novel insight into the understanding of nanotoxicology and metallomics of MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Susan Dekkers
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , 3720 BA , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Medicine , The George Washington University , Washington , D.C. 20052 , United States
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , 3720 BA , Bilthoven , The Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences , Utrecht University , 3508 TD , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Yi Y Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine , University of Hawaii , Honolulu , Hawaii 96826 , United States
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26
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Wang Y, Xu X, Gu Y, Cheng Y, Cao F. Recent advance of nanoparticle-based topical drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:687-701. [PMID: 29985660 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1496080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Considering that the number of patients afflicted by posterior eye diseases is increasing, effective drug delivery is currently in high clinical demand. Topical administration has been identified as the preferred option, while sufferingfrom multiple barriers. The development of nanoparticle-based drug delivery system provides an option, which would enhance the drug permeability across the barriers and achieve the desired drug level in the targeted tissue. AREAS COVERED This review highlights the barrier to the posterior segment of the eye via topical administration. The up-to-date development of lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, emulsions, spanlastics, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, layered double hydroxides (LDH), dendrimers, cyclodextrins(CDs), and prodrugs are summarized. Moreover, nanocarriers currently in clinical trials for posterior segment diseases have been discussed. EXPERT OPINION Topical nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have demonstrated significant progress. An ideal formulation should prolong retention time on the surface, enhance drug permeability through the ocular tissues, and efficiently deliver drugs to the targeted site. To design the rational targeting nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, a better understanding of the distribution of transporters and receptors on the eye is required. Ultimately, there is an urgent need to develop targeting hybrid drug delivery systems with the combination of the advantages of several nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- a Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yan Gu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yanju Cheng
- b Department of Biologics R&D Center , Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd , Nanjing , China
| | - Feng Cao
- a Department of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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Chang JS, Lee YJ, Wilkie DA, Lin CT. The Neuroprotective and antioxidative effects of submicron and blended Lycium barbarum in experimental retinal degeneration in rats. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1108-1115. [PMID: 29760314 PMCID: PMC6068311 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The object is to determine the neuroprotective and antioxidative effects of submicron and blended Lycium barbarum (LB) on retinal degeneration as evaluated by ERG, retinal
histopathology and assays of antioxidant (total GSH) and peroxidant (MDA) in the retina. A rat model of light-induced retinal degeneration was used to assess the protective effect of
different forms of Lycium barbarum (LB) on retinal degeneration. Rats were divided into four experimental groups, normal control, light-induced untreated, submicron LB and
blended LB treated. The rats of submicron and blended groups were treated with 250 mg/kg LB orally once daily for 54 days, followed by induction of retinal degeneration. Retinal function was
assessed by electroretinography (ERG). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the retina lysates was measured for the levels of antioxidants, reduced glutathione and glutathione disulfide, and
peroxidants, malondialdehyde, in the retina. The ERG results showed a protective effect in LB treated groups with a greater effect observed in submicron LB treated group than the blended LB
treated group. There were higher levels of GSH plus GSSG and lower MDA in submicron LB treated group than other groups. In conclusion, LB provided protective and antioxidative effects on the
rat retina with light-induced retinal degeneration. Submicron LB protected degenerative retina better than blended LB. LB is effective against oxidative stress in the degenerative
retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Shuai Chang
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Jing Lee
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - David A Wilkie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Chung-Tien Lin
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Janagam DR, Wu L, Lowe TL. Nanoparticles for drug delivery to the anterior segment of the eye. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 122:31-64. [PMID: 28392306 PMCID: PMC6057481 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Commercially available ocular drug delivery systems are effective but less efficacious to manage diseases/disorders of the anterior segment of the eye. Recent advances in nanotechnology and molecular biology offer a great opportunity for efficacious ocular drug delivery for the treatments of anterior segment diseases/disorders. Nanoparticles have been designed for preparing eye drops or injectable solutions to surmount ocular obstacles faced after administration. Better drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, non-specific toxicity, immunogenicity, and biorecognition can be achieved to improve drug efficacy when drugs are loaded in the nanoparticles. Despite the fact that a number of review articles have been published at various points in the past regarding nanoparticles for drug delivery, there is not a review yet focusing on the development of nanoparticles for ocular drug delivery to the anterior segment of the eye. This review fills in the gap and summarizes the development of nanoparticles as drug carriers for improving the penetration and bioavailability of drugs to the anterior segment of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep R Janagam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Linfeng Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Tao L Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Lalu L, Tambe V, Pradhan D, Nayak K, Bagchi S, Maheshwari R, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Novel nanosystems for the treatment of ocular inflammation: Current paradigms and future research directions. J Control Release 2017; 268:19-39. [PMID: 28756272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ocular discomforts involve anterior/posterior-segment diseases, symptomatic distress and associated inflammations and severe retinal disorders. Conventionally, the formulations such as eye drops, eye solutions, eye ointments and lotions, etc. were used as modalities to attain relief from such ocular discomforts. However, eye allows limited access to these traditional formulations due to its unique anatomical structure and dynamic ocular environment and therefore calls for improvement in disease intervention. To address these challenges, development of nanotechnology based nanomedicines and novel nanosystems (liposomes, cubosomes, polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, spanlastics and nano micelles) are currently in progress (some of them are already marketed such as Eye-logic liposomal eye spray@Naturalife, Ireland). Today, it is one of the central concept in designing more accessible formulations for deeper segments of the eyes. These nanosystems has largely enabled the availability of medicaments at required site in a required concentration without inversely affecting the eye tissues; and therefore, attaining the excessive considerations from the formulation scientists and pharmacologists worldwide. The entrapment of drugs, genes, and proteins inside these novel systems is the basis that works at the bio-molecular level bestows greater potential to eradicate disease causatives. In this review, we highlighted the recent attempts of nanotechnology-based systems for treating and managing various ocular ailments. The progress described herein may pave the way to new, highly effective and vital ocular nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Lalu
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishakha Tambe
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kritika Nayak
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Suchandra Bagchi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
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You S, Luo J, Grossniklaus HE, Gou ML, Meng K, Zhang Q. Nanomedicine in the application of uveal melanoma. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1215-25. [PMID: 27588278 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.08.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid advances in nanomedicine have significantly changed many aspects of nanoparticle application to the eye including areas of diagnosis, imaging and more importantly drug delivery. The nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has provided a solution to various drug solubility-related problems in ophthalmology treatment. Nanostructured compounds could be used to achieve local ocular delivery with minimal unwanted systematic side effects produced by taking advantage of the phagocyte system. In addition, the in vivo control release by nanomaterials encapsulated drugs provides prolong exposure of the compound in the body. Furthermore, certain nanoparticles can overcome important body barriers including the blood-retinal barrier as well as the corneal-retinal barrier of the eye for effective delivery of the drug. In summary, the nanotechnology based drug delivery system may serve as an important tool for uveal melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo You
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hans E Grossniklaus
- Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Ma-Ling Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ke Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Czugala M, Mykhaylyk O, Böhler P, Onderka J, Stork B, Wesselborg S, Kruse FE, Plank C, Singer BB, Fuchsluger TA. Efficient and safe gene delivery to human corneal endothelium using magnetic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1787-800. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a safe and efficient method for targeted, anti-apoptotic gene therapy of corneal endothelial cells (CECs). Materials & methods: Magnetofection (MF), a combination of lipofection with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs; PEI-Mag2, SO-Mag5, PalD1-Mag1), was tested in human CECs and in explanted human corneas. Effects on cell viability and function were investigated. Immunocompatibility was assessed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results: Silica iron-oxide MNPs (SO-Mag5) combined with X-tremeGENE-HP achieved high transfection efficiency in human CECs and explanted human corneas, without altering cell viability or function. Magnetofection caused no immunomodulatory effects in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Magnetofection with anti-apoptotic P35 gene effectively blocked apoptosis in CECs. Conclusion: Magnetofection is a promising tool for gene therapy of corneal endothelial cells with potential for targeted on-site delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Czugala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Olga Mykhaylyk
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Philip Böhler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jasmine Onderka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wesselborg
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Friedrich E Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Plank
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas A Fuchsluger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Modern approaches to the ocular delivery of cyclosporine A. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:977-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Kolle SN, Sauer UG, Rey Moreno MC, Teubner W, Wohlleben W, Landsiedel R. Eye irritation testing of nanomaterials using the EpiOcular™ eye irritation test and the bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:18. [PMID: 27083156 PMCID: PMC4833924 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of eye irritation hazard has long been a core requirement in any chemical legislation. Nevertheless, publications focussing on the eye damaging potential of nanomaterials are scarce. Traditionally, eye irritation testing was performed using rabbits. The OECD Test Guideline 437 Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method allows determining severely irritating substances without animals, and the recently adopted OECD Test Guideline 492 Reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium test method allows identifying chemicals that neither induce eye irritation nor serious eye damage. For substances applicable to these tests, huge progress has been made in replacing animal testing. METHODS The in vitro eye irritation potential of 20 nanosized and 3 non-nanosized materials was investigated in a 2-tier EpiOcular™ Eye Irritation Test (EpiOcular™-EIT) and BCOP testing strategy including histopathology of the bovine corneas. Furthermore, applicability of the testing strategy for nanomaterials was assessed. Test materials encompassed OECD representative nanomaterials (metals (Ag), metal oxides (ZnO, TiO2, CeO2), amorphous SiO2 and MWCNTs), three organic pigments, quartz, and talc. RESULTS None of the dry-powder nanomaterials elicited eye irritation in either the EpiOcular™-EIT or the BCOP assay. Likewise, an amorphous SiO2 nanomaterial that was supplied as suspension was tested negative in both assays. By contrast, in the EpiOcular™-EIT, the silver nanomaterial that was supplied as dispersion was tested positive, whereas its surfactant-containing dispersant was borderline to negative. In the BCOP assay, the silver nanomaterial elicited highly variable results and dark-brown patches remained on the corneal surface, whereas the results for its dispersant alone were borderline to positive, which was assessed as inconclusive due to high inter-assay variability. CONCLUSION The present study points to the low eye irritation potential of a spectrum of nanomaterials, which is consistent with available in vivo data for the same test materials or for nanosized or bulk materials of the same composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne N. Kolle
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ursula G. Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy – Animal Welfare, Hallstattfeld 16, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Maria C. Rey Moreno
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Wera Teubner
- BASF Schweiz AG, GUP/PS - K141, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- BASF SE, Material Physics and Analytics, GMC/R - B7, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Landsiedel
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Mehra NK, Cai D, Kuo L, Hein T, Palakurthi S. Safety and toxicity of nanomaterials for ocular drug delivery applications. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:836-60. [PMID: 27027670 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2016.1153165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional nanomaterials are rapidly emerging for ophthalmic delivery of therapeutics to facilitate safe and effective targeting with improved patient compliance. Because of their extremely high area to volume ratio, nanomaterials often have physicochemical properties that are different from those of their larger counterparts. There exists a complex relationship between the physicochemical properties (composition, size, shape, charge, roughness, and porosity) of the nanomaterials and their interaction with the biological system. The eye is a very sensitive accessible organ and is subjected to intended and unintended exposure to nanomaterials. Currently, various ophthalmic formulations are available in the market, while some are underway in preclinical and clinical phases. However, the data on safety, efficacy, and toxicology of these advanced nanomaterials for ocular drug delivery are sparse. Focus of the present review is to provide a comprehensive report on the safety, biocompatibility and toxicities of nanomaterials in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh K Mehra
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Kingsville , TX , USA
| | - Defu Cai
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Kingsville , TX , USA
| | - Lih Kuo
- b Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Temple , TX , USA ;,c Department of Surgery and Scott & White Eye Institute, College of Medicine , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Temple , TX , USA
| | - Travis Hein
- c Department of Surgery and Scott & White Eye Institute, College of Medicine , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Temple , TX , USA
| | - Srinath Palakurthi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Kingsville , TX , USA
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Barar J, Aghanejad A, Fathi M, Omidi Y. Advanced drug delivery and targeting technologies for the ocular diseases. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2016; 6:49-67. [PMID: 27340624 PMCID: PMC4916551 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2016.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular targeted therapy has enormously been advanced by implementation of new methods of drug delivery and targeting using implantable drug delivery systems (DDSs) or devices (DDDs), stimuli-responsive advanced biomaterials, multimodal nanomedicines, cell therapy modalities and medical bioMEMs. These technologies tackle several ocular diseases such as inflammation-based diseases (e.g., scleritis, keratitis, uveitis, iritis, conjunctivitis, chorioretinitis, choroiditis, retinitis, retinochoroiditis), ocular hypertension and neuropathy, age-related macular degeneration and mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) due to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Such therapies appear to provide ultimate treatments, even though much more effective, yet biocompatible, noninvasive therapies are needed to control some disabling ocular diseases/disorders. METHODS In the current study, we have reviewed and discussed recent advancements on ocular targeted therapies. RESULTS On the ground that the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses of ophthalmic drugs need special techniques, most of ocular DDSs/devices developments have been designed to localized therapy within the eye. Application of advanced DDSs such as Subconjunctival insert/implants (e.g., latanoprost implant, Gamunex-C), episcleral implant (e.g., LX201), cationic emulsions (e.g., Cationorm™, Vekacia™, Cyclokat™), intac/punctal plug DDSs (latanoprost punctal plug delivery system, L-PPDS), and intravitreal implants (I-vitaion™, NT-501, NT- 503, MicroPump, Thethadur, IB-20089 Verisome™, Cortiject, DE-102, Retisert™, Iluvein™ and Ozurdex™) have significantly improved the treatment of ocular diseases. However, most of these DDSs/devices are applied invasively and even need surgical procedures. Of these, use of de novo technologies such as advanced stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, multimodal nanosystems (NSs)/nanoconjugates (NCs), biomacromolecualr scaffolds, and bioengineered cell therapies need to be further advanced to get better compliance and higher clinical impacts. CONCLUSION Despite mankind successful battle on ocular diseases, our challenge will continue to battle the ocular disease that happen with aging. Yet, we need to understand the molecular aspects of eye diseases in a holistic way and develop ultimate treatment protocols preferably as non-invasive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, and the antiglaucoma treatments currently available suffer from various complications. Nanotechnology-based treatments show a great deal of promise in overcoming these complications and form the basis for next-generation glaucoma treatment strategies, with the help of applications such as controlled release, targeted delivery, increased bioavailability, diffusion limitations, and biocompatibility. Significant progress has been made in nanomedicine in the efficiency of antiglaucoma medications, nanofabrication systems such as microelectromechanical systems that remove the limitations of nanodevices, and tissue regeneration vesicles for developing glaucoma treatments not based on intraocular pressure. With the use of these advanced technologies, the prevention of glaucoma-induced blindness will be possible in the near future. Herein, we reviewed the recent advances in nanotechnology-based treatment strategies for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Cetinel
- From the Chemical and Materials Engineering and Ingenuity Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Ophthalmic applications of lipid-based drug nanocarriers: an update of research and patenting activity. Ther Deliv 2015; 6:1297-318. [PMID: 26608630 DOI: 10.4155/tde.15.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophthalmic diseases collect great attention by researchers and pharmaceutical technologists, since they can dramatically worsen the quality of life. Because of the limited duration of action on the eye surface, and anatomical/physiological barriers to drug penetration from it into the inner eye structures, conventional ocular formulations are generally unable to perform at their best. Nanotechnology approaches can represent a solution to improve the therapeutic efficiency, compliance and safety of ocular drugs. In this respect, lipid-based nanocarriers are among the most interesting systems. Their composition and production methods make them highly biocompatible and safe formulations. This review illustrates the developments achieved in ocular drug delivery using lipid-based nanocarriers, with a critical revision of recent scientific articles and filed patents.
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Pathak D, Kumar P, Kuppusamy G, Gupta A, Kamble B, Wadhwani A. Physicochemical characterization and toxicological evaluation of plant-based anionic polymers and their nanoparticulated system for ocular delivery. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8:843-55. [PMID: 23952497 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.834996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble fractions of mucilages and gum from the seeds of fenugreek, isphagula and mango bark exudate were isolated, purified and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), maldi/GC-MS, elemental analysis, 1D ((1)H and (13)C) and 2D (HMQC, COSY) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The fenugreek mucilage was identified to be a galactomannan chain consisting of 4 units of galactose attached to the backbone of 6 mannose units in 1:1.5 ratio. The isphagula mucilage was identified to be an arabinoxylan polysaccharide chain consisting of 4 units of arabinofuranose attached to the backbone of 9 xylopyrannose units in 1:3 ratio. The mango gum showed the presence of amylose, α-arabinofuranosyl and β-galactopyranosyl, respectively. The characterized mucilages and gum were individually formulated into nanoparticulate system using their complementarily charged polymer chitosan. The particles were observed to be spherical in shape in the range of 61.5-90 nm having zetapotential between 31 and 34 mV and PDI of 0.097-0.241. The prepared nanoparticles were observed to be nonirritant and nontoxic in vitro and in vivo upto 2000 μg/ml. Therefore, these mucilages and gum can be the alternatives of anionic polymers for the ocular drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, (Off campus J.S.S. University, Mysore) , Udhagamandalam , India
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Kim KT, Zaikova T, Hutchison JE, Tanguay RL. Gold nanoparticles disrupt zebrafish eye development and pigmentation. Toxicol Sci 2013; 133:275-88. [PMID: 23549158 PMCID: PMC3663565 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematic toxicological study is still required to fully understand the hazard potentials of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Because their biomedical applications are rapidly evolving, we investigated developmental toxicity of AuNPs in an in vivo embryonic zebrafish model at exposure concentration ranges from 0.08 to 50mg/l. Exposure of zebrafish embryos to 1.3 nm AuNPs functionalized with a cationic ligand, N,N,N-trimethylammoniumethanethiol (TMAT-AuNPs), resulted in smaller malpigmented eyes. We determined that TMAT-AuNPs caused a significant increase of cell death in the eye, which was correlated with an increase in gene expression of p53 and bax. Expression patterns of key transcription factors regulating eye development (pax6a, pax6b, otx2, and rx1) and pigmentation (sox10) were both repressed in a concentration-dependent manner in embryos exposed to TMAT-AuNPs. Reduced spatial localization of pax6a, rx1, sox10, and mitfa was observed in embryos by whole-mount in situ hybridization. The swimming behavior of embryos exposed to sublethal concentrations of TMAT-AuNPs showed hypoactivity, and embryos exhibited axonal growth inhibition. Overall, these results demonstrated that TMAT-AuNPs disrupt the progression of eye development and pigmentation that continues to behavioral and neuronal damage in the developing zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Tae Kim
- *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331; and
- †Safer Nanomaterials and Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute and
| | - Tatiana Zaikova
- †Safer Nanomaterials and Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute and
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - James E. Hutchison
- †Safer Nanomaterials and Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute and
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Robert L. Tanguay
- *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331; and
- †Safer Nanomaterials and Nanomanufacturing Initiative, Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute and
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Prow TW, Sundh D, Lutty GA. Nanoscale biosensor for detection of reactive oxygen species. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1028:3-14. [PMID: 23740110 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive detection of biological responses to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo could shed light on mechanisms at work in diverse areas like developmental dynamics, therapeutic effectiveness, drug discovery, pathogenic processes, and disease prevention. Research on ROS is usually dependent on in vitro models without translational relevance. Nanoscale (<100 nm) particulates are attractive carriers and platforms for biosensor technology due to their small size, flexible assembly, and favorable toxicity profiles. Intracellular signalling pathways activated in response to ROS have been well documented and mechanisms elaborated. Likewise, there is a wealth of genetic reporter systems that utilize fluorescent proteins capable of being monitored noninvasively. We combined these elements into a platform technology that utilizes nanoparticle-tethered synthetic genetic elements that respond to cellular response elements to report endogenous responses to oxidative insult through fluorescent gene expression. We envision the future of this technology to play a research role quantifying oxidative stress in vivo and a future clinical role as an automated theragnostic for ROS-related diseases. The production of this nanobiosensor technology utilizes off-the-shelf components and can be carried out in a molecular biology laboratory. Assessment of fluorescent protein expression can be done with noninvasive imaging and quantitative protein expression analysis. This is a flexible nanoparticle-based reporter system for monitoring in vivo responses to ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarl W Prow
- Dermatology Research Centre, Princess Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Gaudana RJ, Gokulgandhi MR, Boddu SHS, Mitra AK. Recent overview of ocular patents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 6:95-106. [PMID: 22493994 DOI: 10.2174/187221112800672921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ocular drug therapy has always been considered as a major challenge in the field of drug delivery. The presence of blood ocular barriers and efflux pumps has imposed a great concern as well. Various vision threatening disorders require a long term therapy of drug molecules, especially for the diseases that affect the posterior segment. Pharmaceutical companies and other research institutes have adopted a multidisciplinary approach to meet the current challenges which is evidenced by the trends seen in the published and filed U.S. patents. Various strategies have been employed to achieve long term sustained and targeted delivery for both the anterior and the posterior segments of the ocular diseases. These strategies include formulating drugs into implant, micro or nanoparticulate systems and hydrogel-based systems. Transporter targeted approach has also allowed scientists to deliver drugs to both the segments of the eye. Recent developments such as delivery of drugs utilizing ultrasound, iontophoresis and microneedle based devices have been promising. Genebased therapeutics has opened a new avenue for vision threatening disorders. In all, the current developments in the entire field have been very exciting for finding out new strategies to treat vision threatening disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ripal J Gaudana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 64108, USA
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Prow TW. Multiphoton microscopy applications in nanodermatology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 4:680-90. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Lallemand F, Daull P, Benita S, Buggage R, Garrigue JS. Successfully improving ocular drug delivery using the cationic nanoemulsion, novasorb. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2012; 2012:604204. [PMID: 22506123 PMCID: PMC3313063 DOI: 10.1155/2012/604204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Topical ophthalmic delivery of active ingredients can be achieved using cationic nanoemulsions. In the last decade, Novagali Pharma has successfully developed and marketed Novasorb, an advanced pharmaceutical technology for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. This paper describes the main steps in the development of cationic nanoemulsions from formulation to evaluation in clinical trials. A major challenge of the formulation work was the selection of a cationic agent with an acceptable safety profile that would ensure a sufficient ocular surface retention time. Then, toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies were performed showing that the cationic emulsions were safe and well tolerated. Even in the absence of an active ingredient, cationic emulsions were observed in preclinical studies to have an inherent benefit on the ocular surface. Moreover, clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy and safety of cationic emulsions loaded with cyclosporine A in patients with dry eye disease. Ongoing studies evaluating latanoprost emulsion in patients with ocular surface disease and glaucoma suggest that the beneficial effects on reducing ocular surface damage may also extend to this patient population. The culmination of these efforts has been the marketing of Cationorm, a preservative-free cationic emulsion indicated for the symptomatic treatment of dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Lallemand
- Research and Development Department, Novagali Pharma SA, 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91058 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Daull
- Research and Development Department, Novagali Pharma SA, 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91058 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Simon Benita
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12065, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronald Buggage
- Research and Development Department, Novagali Pharma SA, 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91058 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Garrigue
- Research and Development Department, Novagali Pharma SA, 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91058 Evry Cedex, France
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