1
|
Lange M, Peiter E. Calcium Transport Proteins in Fungi: The Phylogenetic Diversity of Their Relevance for Growth, Virulence, and Stress Resistance. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3100. [PMID: 32047484 PMCID: PMC6997533 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The key players of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis and Ca2+ signal generation, which are Ca2+ channels, Ca2+/H+ antiporters, and Ca2+-ATPases, are present in all fungi. Their coordinated action maintains a low Ca2+ baseline, allows a fast increase in free Ca2+ concentration upon a stimulus, and terminates this Ca2+ elevation by an exponential decrease – hence forming a Ca2+ signal. In this respect, the Ca2+ signaling machinery is conserved in different fungi. However, does the similarity of the genetic inventory that shapes the Ca2+ peak imply that if “you’ve seen one, you’ve seen them all” in terms of physiological relevance? Individual studies have focused mostly on a single species, and mechanisms elucidated in few model organisms are usually extrapolated to other species. This mini-review focuses on the physiological relevance of the machinery that maintains Ca2+ homeostasis for growth, virulence, and stress responses. It reveals common and divergent functions of homologous proteins in different fungal species. In conclusion, for the physiological role of these Ca2+ transport proteins, “seen one,” in many cases, does not mean: “seen them all.”
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lange
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karaoğlan M, Erden-Karaoğlan F, Yılmaz S, İnan M. Identification of major ADH genes in ethanol metabolism of Pichia pastoris. Yeast 2019; 37:227-236. [PMID: 31603243 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) is a successful host widely used in recombinant protein production. The widespread use of a methanol-regulated alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1) promoter for recombinant protein production has directed studies particularly about methanol metabolism in this yeast. Although there is comprehensive knowledge about methanol metabolism, there are other mechanisms in P. pastoris that have not been investigated yet, such as ethanol metabolism. The gene responsible for the consumption of ethanol ADH2 (XM_002491337, known as ADH3) was identified and characterized in our previous study. In this study, the ADH genes (XM_002489969, XM_002491163, XM_002493969) in P. pastoris genome were investigated to determine their roles in ethanol production by gene disruption analysis. We report that the ADH900 (XM_002491163) is the main gene responsible for ethanol production in P. pastoris. The ADH2 gene, previously identified as the only gene responsible for ethanol consumption, also plays a minor role in ethanol production in the absence of the ADH900 gene. The investigation of the carbon source regulation mechanism has also revealed that the ADH2 gene exhibit similar expression behaviours with ADH900 on glucose, glycerol, and methanol, however, it is strongly induced by ethanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mert Karaoğlan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.,Department of Food Engineering, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | | | - Semiramis Yılmaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.,Protein Engineering Laboratory, İzmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet İnan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.,Protein Engineering Laboratory, İzmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karaoglan M, Karaoglan FE, Inan M. Functional analysis of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 38:463-9. [PMID: 26573637 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the genes responsible for ethanol utilization in Pichia pastoris. RESULTS ADH3 (XM_002491337) and ADH (FN392323) genes were disrupted in P. pastoris. The ADH3 mutant strain, MK115 (Δadh3), lost its ability to grow on minimal ethanol media but produced ethanol in minimal glucose medium. ADH3p was responsible for 92 % of total Adh enzyme activity in glucose media. The double knockout strain MK117 (Δadh3Δadh) also produced ethanol. The Adh activities of X33 and MK116 (Δadh) strains were not different. Thus, the ADH gene does not play a role in ethanol metabolism. CONCLUSION The PpADH3 is the only gene responsible for consumption of ethanol in P. pastoris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mert Karaoglan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Bulvari Campus, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fidan Erden Karaoglan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Bulvari Campus, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Inan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Bulvari Campus, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
- Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Screening of signal sequences for extracellular production of Aspergillus niger xylanase in Pichia pastoris. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
5
|
Diss L, Blaudez D, Gelhaye E, Chalot M. Genome-wide analysis of fungal manganese transporters, with an emphasis on Phanerochaete chrysosporium. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2011; 3:367-82. [PMID: 23761283 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2010.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide analysis of fungal manganese transporters was undertaken, making use of whole genome sequences available in fungal databases. A repertoire of 281 putative manganese transporters was found in total across 26 fungal species representing 20 fungal orders. The process of gene duplication was apparently accompanied by gene loss events, and this resulted in a great variety of manganese transporters that can be observed in the genome of modern fungi. Eleven transporters belonging to gene families in which manganese transporters have been found were identified in the Phanerochaete chrysosporium genome. This whole set of transporters may cover the need of P. chrysosporium cells for manganese loading in and unloading out of the cytosol, thereby insuring manganese homeostasis. The tight control of intracellular Mn(2+) ion concentration is for instance of crucial importance for the control of lignin-degradative systems by saprotrophic fungi, and thereof the carbon cycle in forest ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loic Diss
- UMR INRA/UHP 1136 'Tree-microbe Interactions', Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nancy-University, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feng Z, Ren J, Zhang H, Zhang L. Disruption of PMR1 in Kluyveromyces lactis improves secretion of calf prochymosin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:100-103. [PMID: 20812383 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chymosin is an important industrial enzyme widely used in cheese manufacturing. Kluyveromyces lactis is a promising host strain for expression of the chymosin gene. However, only low yields of chymosin (80 U mL(-1) in shake flask culture) have been obtained using K. lactis GG799. The aim of this study was to increase the amount of recombinant calf chymosin secreted by K. lactis GG799 by disrupting the PMR1 gene. RESULTS Kluyveromyces lactis GG799 harbouring the disrupted PMR1 gene showed reduced growth in ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid-containing and Ca(2+) -deficient medium, but Ca(2+) supplementation eliminated the growth problem. The calf chymosin gene was ligated into the K. lactis GG799 expression vector, generating the plasmid pKLAC1-N-prochymosin. The linearised plasmid was homologously integrated into the genome of K. lactis GG799. In shake flask culture, chymosin activity was 496 U mL(-1) in the K. lactis PMR1-deficient mutant, sixfold higher than that in wild-type K. lactis GG799. CONCLUSION Disrupting the PMR1 gene improved chymosin production in K. lactis GG799 sixfold. This knowledge could be applied to industrial chymosin production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Feng
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vangheluwe P, Sepúlveda MR, Missiaen L, Raeymaekers L, Wuytack F, Vanoevelen J. Intracellular Ca2+- and Mn2+-Transport ATPases. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4733-59. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900013m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Rosario Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludwig Missiaen
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Raeymaekers
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Wuytack
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jo Vanoevelen
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao HL, Xue C, Wang Y, Yao XQ, Liu ZM. Increasing the cell viability and heterologous protein expression of Pichia pastoris mutant deficient in PMR1 gene by culture condition optimization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 81:235-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Nguyen QB, Kadotani N, Kasahara S, Tosa Y, Mayama S, Nakayashiki H. Systematic functional analysis of calcium-signalling proteins in the genome of the rice-blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, using a high-throughput RNA-silencing system. Mol Microbiol 2008; 68:1348-65. [PMID: 18433453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed an RNA-silencing vector, pSilent-Dual1 (pSD1), with a convergent dual promoter system that provides a high-throughput platform for functional genomics research in filamentous fungi. In the pSD1 system, the target gene was designed to be transcribed as a chimeric RNA with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) RNA. This enabled us to efficiently screen the resulting transformants using GFP fluorescence as an indicator of gene silencing. A model study with the eGFP gene showed that pSD1-based vectors induced gene silencing via the RNAi pathway with slightly lower efficiency than did hairpin eGFP RNA-expressing vectors. To demonstrate the applicability of the pSD1 system for elucidating gene function in the rice-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, 37 calcium signalling-related genes that include almost all known calcium-signalling proteins in the genome were targeted for gene silencing by the vector. Phenotypic analyses of the silenced transformants showed that at least 26, 35 and 15 of the 37 genes examined were involved in hyphal growth, sporulation and pathogenicity, respectively, in M. oryzae. These included several novel findings such as that Pmc1-, Spf1- and Neo1-like Ca(2+) pumps, calreticulin and calpactin heavy chain were essential for fungal pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Bao Nguyen
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao HL, Xue C, Wang Y, Duan QF, Xiong XH, Yao XQ, Liu ZM. Disruption ofPichia pastoris PMR1 gene decreases its folding capacity on human serum albumin and interferon-α2b fusion protein. Yeast 2008; 25:279-86. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
11
|
Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|