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DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Variants in Sporadic Solid Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155561. [PMID: 32756484 PMCID: PMC7432688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of sporadic solid cancers are still scarce. The aim of this review was to summarise and analyse published data on the associations between SNPs in mismatch repair genes and various cancers. The mismatch repair system plays a unique role in the control of the genetic integrity and it is often inactivated (germline and somatic mutations and hypermethylation) in cancer patients. Here, we focused on germline variants in mismatch repair genes and found the outcomes rather controversial: some SNPs are sometimes ascribed as protective, while other studies reported their pathological effects. Regarding the complexity of cancer as one disease, we attempted to ascertain if particular polymorphisms exert the effect in the same direction in the development and treatment of different malignancies, although it is still not straightforward to conclude whether polymorphisms always play a clear positive role or a negative one. Most recent and robust genome-wide studies suggest that risk of cancer is modulated by variants in mismatch repair genes, for example in colorectal cancer. Our study shows that rs1800734 in MLH1 or rs2303428 in MSH2 may influence the development of different malignancies. The lack of functional studies on many DNA mismatch repair SNPs as well as their interactions are not explored yet. Notably, the concerted action of more variants in one individual may be protective or harmful. Further, complex interactions of DNA mismatch repair variations with both the environment and microenvironment in the cancer pathogenesis will deserve further attention.
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Pavesi T, Moreira JC. Mechanisms and individuality in chromium toxicity in humans. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1183-1197. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Pavesi
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia HumanaEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Josino Costa Moreira
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia HumanaEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Joneidi Z, Mortazavi Y, Memari F, Roointan A, Chahardouli B, Rostami S. The impact of genetic variation on metabolism of heavy metals: Genetic predisposition? Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Long C, Liu J, Hu G, Feng H, Zhou D, Wang J, Zhai X, Zhao Z, Yu S, Wang T, Jia G. Modulation of homologous recombination repair gene polymorphisms on genetic damage in chromate exposed workers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 66:126-132. [PMID: 30677706 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one of the most common environmental carcinogens, which is associated with DNA damage, genetic instability and increase the risk of cancer development. However, the mechanisms of genetic damage induced by Cr(VI) remains to be thoroughly illustrated. A molecular epidemiological study was conducted on 120 chromate exposed workers and 97 controls. Results indicated that,the rs12432907 of XRCC3 carrying T allele, the rs144848 of BRCA2 with C allele and the rs1805800 of NBS1 with genotype(TT) of individuals were associated with lower genetic damage, while the rs2295152 of XRCC3 carrying T allele, the rs13312986 (CC and CT genotypes) and the rs2697679 of NBS1 with A allele were associated with higher genetic damage in workers exposed to chromate. The interaction of chromate exposure with rs2295152 of XRCC3 had a significant effect on micronuclei frequency (MNF). The gene polymorphisms in homologous recombination repair pathway could modulate chromate-induced genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmao Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of Medical Record, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Guiping Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Huimin Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Di Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Yima Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, 472300, PR China
| | - Xinxia Zhai
- Yima Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, 472300, PR China
| | - Zuchang Zhao
- Sanmenxia Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanmenxia, Henan Province, 472000, PR China
| | - Shanfa Yu
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Zeng Y, Cui Y, Ma J, Huo T, Dong F, Zhang Q, Deng J, Zhang X, Yang J, Wang Y. Lung injury and expression of p53 and p16 in Wistar rats induced by respirable chrysotile fiber dust from four primary areas of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22389-22399. [PMID: 28963651 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chrysotile products were widely used in daily life, and a large amount of respirable dust was produced in the process of production and application. At present, there was seldom research on the safety of chrysotile fiber dust, and whether its long-term inhalation can lead to lung cancer was unknown. In order to determine whether respirable chrysotile fiber dust of China caused lung cancer, four major chrysotile-producing mine areas in China were selected for this study. Chrysotile fibers were prepared into respirable dust. Particle size was measured by laser particle analysis, morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, chrysotile fiber phase was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, trace chemical elements were identified by X-ray fluorescence, and the structure and the active groups of the dust were determined after grinding by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Male Wistar rats were exposed to non-exposed intratracheal instillation with different concentrations of chrysotile fiber dust. The rats were weighed after 1, 3, and 6 months, then the lung tissues were separated, the lung morphology was observed, and the pulmonary index was calculated. Pathological changes in lung tissues were observed by optical microscope after the HE staining of tissues, and the gene expression of p53 and p16 was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. First, the results showed that the particle sizes of the four fibers were less than 10 μm. Four primary areas of chrysotile had similar fibrous structure, arranged in fascicles, or mixed with thin chunks of material. Second, the elementary composition of the four fibers was mainly chrysotile, and the structure and the active groups of the grinding dust were not damaged. Third, the weights of the treated rats were obviously lower, and the lung weights and the pulmonary index increased significantly (P < 0.05). Fourth, the treated Wistar rat lung tissues revealed different degrees of congestion, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mild fibrosis. Fifth, the p53 and p16 genes decreased in the Mangnai group after 1 month of exposure, and the other groups increased. The expression of p53 and p16 in each group decreased significantly after 6 months (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the respirable chrysotile fiber dust from the four primary areas of China had the risk of causing lung injury, and these changes may be related to the physical and chemical characteristics of chrysotile from different production areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Huo
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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