1
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Starr AL, Nishimura T, Igarashi KJ, Funamoto C, Nakauchi H, Fraser HB. Disentangling cell-intrinsic and extrinsic factors underlying evolution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.592777. [PMID: 38798687 PMCID: PMC11118348 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
A key goal of developmental biology is to determine the extent to which cells and organs develop autonomously, as opposed to requiring interactions with other cells or environmental factors. Chimeras have played a foundational role in this by enabling qualitative classification of cell-intrinsically vs. extrinsically driven processes. Here, we extend this framework to precisely decompose evolutionary divergence in any quantitative trait into cell-intrinsic, extrinsic, and intrinsic-extrinsic interaction components. Applying this framework to thousands of gene expression levels in reciprocal rat-mouse chimeras, we found that the majority of their divergence is attributable to cell-intrinsic factors, though extrinsic factors also play an integral role. For example, a rat-like extracellular environment extrinsically up-regulates the expression of a key transcriptional regulator of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in some but not all cell types, which in turn strongly predicts extrinsic up-regulation of its target genes and of the ER stress response pathway as a whole. This effect is also seen at the protein level, suggesting propagation through multiple regulatory levels. Applying our framework to a cellular trait, neuronal differentiation, revealed a complex interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Finally, we show that imprinted genes are dramatically mis-expressed in species-mismatched environments, suggesting that mismatch between rapidly evolving intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms controlling gene imprinting may contribute to barriers to interspecies chimerism. Overall, our conceptual framework opens new avenues to investigate the mechanistic basis of developmental processes and evolutionary divergence across myriad quantitative traits in any multicellular organism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshiya Nishimura
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- WPI Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan (current address for T.N.)
- Division of Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyomi J. Igarashi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Chihiro Funamoto
- Division of Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hunter B. Fraser
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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2
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Han IC, Bohrer LR, Gibson-Corley KN, Wiley LA, Shrestha A, Harman BE, Jiao C, Sohn EH, Wendland R, Allen BN, Worthington KS, Mullins RF, Stone EM, Tucker BA. Biocompatibility of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Progenitor Cell Grafts in Immunocompromised Rats. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221104451. [PMID: 35758274 PMCID: PMC9247396 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221104451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of photoreceptor cells is a primary feature of inherited retinal degenerative disorders including age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. To restore vision in affected patients, photoreceptor cell replacement will be required. The ideal donor cells for this application are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) because they can be derived from and transplanted into the same patient obviating the need for long-term immunosuppression. A major limitation for retinal cell replacement therapy is donor cell loss associated with simple methods of cell delivery such as subretinal injections of bolus cell suspensions. Transplantation with supportive biomaterials can help maintain cellular integrity, increase cell survival, and encourage proper cellular alignment and improve integration with the host retina. Using a pig model of retinal degeneration, we recently demonstrated that polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds fabricated with two photon lithography have excellent local and systemic tolerability. In this study, we describe rapid photopolymerization-mediated production of PCL-based bioabsorbable scaffolds, a technique for loading iPSC-derived retinal progenitor cells onto the scaffold, methods of surgical transplantation in an immunocompromised rat model and tolerability of the subretinal grafts at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up (n = 150). We observed no local or systemic toxicity, nor did we observe any tumor formation despite extensive clinical evaluation, clinical chemistry, hematology, gross tissue examination and detailed histopathology. Demonstrating the local and systemic compatibility of biodegradable scaffolds carrying human iPSC-derived retinal progenitor cells is an important step toward clinical safety trials of this approach in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Han
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Laura R Bohrer
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Luke A Wiley
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Arwin Shrestha
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Brynnon E Harman
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chunhua Jiao
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Elliott H Sohn
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rion Wendland
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Brittany N Allen
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kristan S Worthington
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert F Mullins
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Edwin M Stone
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Budd A Tucker
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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3
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Okumura H, Nakanishi A, Toyama S, Yamanoue M, Yamada K, Ukai A, Hashita T, Iwao T, Miyamoto T, Tagawa YI, Hirabayashi M, Miyoshi I, Matsunaga T. Contribution of rat embryonic stem cells to xenogeneic chimeras in blastocyst or 8-cell embryo injection and aggregation. Xenotransplantation 2018; 26:e12468. [PMID: 30375053 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of regenerative medicine is the transplantation of a target organ generated by the patient's own cells. Recently, a method of organ generation using pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and blastocyst complementation was reported. This approach is based on chimeric animal generation using an early embryo and PSCs, and the contribution of PSCs to the target organ is key to the method's success. However, the contribution rate of PSCs in target organs generated by different chimeric animal generation methods remains unknown. In this study, we used 8-cell embryo aggregation, 8-cell embryo injection, and blastocyst injection to generate interspecies chimeric mice using rat embryonic stem (ES) cells and then investigated the differences in the contribution rate of the rat ES cells. The rate of chimeric mouse generation was the highest using blastocyst injection, followed in order by 8-cell embryo injection and 8-cell embryo aggregation. However, the contribution rate of rat ES cells was the highest in chimeric neonates generated by 8-cell embryo injection, and the difference was statistically significant in the liver. Live functionality was confirmed by analyzing the expression of rat hepatocyte-derived drug-metabolizing enzyme. Collectively, these findings indicate that the 8-cell embryo injection method is the most suitable for generation of PSC-derived organs via chimeric animal generation, particularly for the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Anna Nakanishi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Toyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mai Yamanoue
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kana Yamada
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akane Ukai
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Hashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomomi Miyamoto
- Center for Experimental Animal Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoh-Ichi Tagawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Miyoshi
- Center for Experimental Animal Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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4
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Yamaguchi T, Sato H, Kobayashi T, Kato-Itoh M, Goto T, Hara H, Mizuno N, Yanagida A, Umino A, Hamanaka S, Suchy F, Masaki H, Ota Y, Hirabayashi M, Nakauchi H. An interspecies barrier to tetraploid complementation and chimera formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15289. [PMID: 30327488 PMCID: PMC6191448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To study development of the conceptus in xenogeneic environments, we assessed interspecies chimera formation as well as tetraploid complementation between mouse and rat. Overall contribution of donor PSC-derived cells was lower in interspecies chimeras than in intraspecies chimeras, and high donor chimerism was associated with anomalies or embryonic death. Organ to organ variation in donor chimerism was greater in interspecies chimeras than in intraspecies chimeras, suggesting species-specific affinity differences among interacting molecules necessary for organogenesis. In interspecies tetraploid complementation, embryo development was near normal until the stage of placental formation, after which no embryos survived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Sato
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato-Itoh
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Teppei Goto
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hara
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Naoaki Mizuno
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yanagida
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Ayumi Umino
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Sanae Hamanaka
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Fabian Suchy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hideki Masaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ota
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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5
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Zhao X, Chen H, Xiao D, Yang H, Itzhaki I, Qin X, Chour T, Aguirre A, Lehmann K, Kim Y, Shukla P, Holmström A, Zhang JZ, Zhuge Y, Ndoye BC, Zhao M, Neofytou E, Zimmermann WH, Jain M, Wu JC. Comparison of Non-human Primate versus Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Treatment of Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:422-435. [PMID: 29398480 PMCID: PMC5830958 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHPs) can serve as a human-like model to study cell therapy using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). However, whether the efficacy of NHP and human iPSC-CMs is mechanistically similar remains unknown. To examine this, RNU rats received intramyocardial injection of 1 × 107 NHP or human iPSC-CMs or the same number of respective fibroblasts or PBS control (n = 9-14/group) at 4 days after 60-min coronary artery occlusion-reperfusion. Cardiac function and left ventricular remodeling were similarly improved in both iPSC-CM-treated groups. To mimic the ischemic environment in the infarcted heart, both cultured NHP and human iPSC-CMs underwent 24-hr hypoxia in vitro. Both cells and media were collected, and similarities in transcriptomic as well as metabolomic profiles were noted between both groups. In conclusion, both NHP and human iPSC-CMs confer similar cardioprotection in a rodent myocardial infarction model through relatively similar mechanisms via promotion of cell survival, angiogenesis, and inhibition of hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Haodong Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dan Xiao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ilanit Itzhaki
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xulei Qin
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tony Chour
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kim Lehmann
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Youngkyun Kim
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Praveen Shukla
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexandra Holmström
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yan Zhuge
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Babacar C Ndoye
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mingtao Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Evgenios Neofytou
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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6
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Yamaguchi T, Sato H, Kato-Itoh M, Goto T, Hara H, Sanbo M, Mizuno N, Kobayashi T, Yanagida A, Umino A, Ota Y, Hamanaka S, Masaki H, Rashid ST, Hirabayashi M, Nakauchi H. Interspecies organogenesis generates autologous functional islets. Nature 2017; 542:191-196. [PMID: 28117444 DOI: 10.1038/nature21070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an established therapy for diabetes. We have previously shown that rat pancreata can be created from rat pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in mice through interspecies blastocyst complementation. Although they were functional and composed of rat-derived cells, the resulting pancreata were of mouse size, rendering them insufficient for isolating the numbers of islets required to treat diabetes in a rat model. Here, by performing the reverse experiment, injecting mouse PSCs into Pdx-1-deficient rat blastocysts, we generated rat-sized pancreata composed of mouse-PSC-derived cells. Islets subsequently prepared from these mouse-rat chimaeric pancreata were transplanted into mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The transplanted islets successfully normalized and maintained host blood glucose levels for over 370 days in the absence of immunosuppression (excluding the first 5 days after transplant). These data provide proof-of-principle evidence for the therapeutic potential of PSC-derived islets generated by blastocyst complementation in a xenogeneic host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sato
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Kato-Itoh
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Goto
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hara
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Sanbo
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoaki Mizuno
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yanagida
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Umino
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ota
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanae Hamanaka
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Masaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sheikh Tamir Rashid
- Centre of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London, UK.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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7
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Li S, Lan H, Men H, Wu Y, Li N, Capecchi MR, Bryda EC, Wu S. Derivation of Transgene-Free Rat Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Approximating the Quality of Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:340-351. [PMID: 28191784 PMCID: PMC5442795 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a variety of reprogramming strategies have been reported to create transgene‐free induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from differentiated cell sources, a fundamental question still remains: Can we generate safe iPS cells that have the full spectrum of features of corresponding embryonic stem (ES) cells? Studies in transgene‐free mouse iPS cells have indicated a positive answer to this question. However, the reality is that no other species have a derived transgene‐free iPS cell line that can truly mimic ES cell quality. Specifically, critical data for chimera formation and germline transmission are generally lacking. To date, the rat is the only species, other than the mouse, that has commonly recognized authentic ES cells that can be used for direct comparison with measure features of iPS cells. To help find the underlying reasons of the current inability to derive germline‐competent ES/iPS cells in nonrodent animals, we first used optimized culture conditions to isolate and establish rat ES cell lines and demonstrated they are fully competent for chimeric formation and germline transmission. We then used episomal vectors bearing eight reprogramming genes to improve rat iPS (riPS) cell generation from Sprague‐Dawley rat embryonic fibroblasts. The obtained transgene‐free riPS cells exhibit the typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells; moreover, they are amenable to subsequent genetic modification by homologous recombination. Although they can contribute significantly to chimeric formation, no germline transmission has been achieved. Although this partial success in achieving competency is encouraging, it suggests that more efforts are still needed to derive ground‐state riPS cells. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:340–351
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - He Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Men
- Rat Resource and Research Center, Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mario R. Capecchi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Bryda
- Rat Resource and Research Center, Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Sen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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