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Zhu C, Jing B, Lin T, Li X, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Yu J, Hu Z. Phosphorylation of sugar transporter TST2 by protein kinase CPK27 enhances drought tolerance in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1005-1024. [PMID: 38431528 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental stress threatening plant growth and productivity. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are plant-specific Ca2+ sensors with multifaceted roles in signaling drought responses. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underpinning how CPKs transmit downstream drought signaling remain unresolved. Through genetic investigations, our study unveiled that knocking out CPK27 reduced drought tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants and impaired abscisic acid (ABA)-orchestrated plant response to drought stress. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics revealed that CPK27-dependent drought-induced proteins were highly associated with the sugar metabolism pathway, which was further verified by reduced soluble sugar content in the cpk27 mutant under drought conditions. Using protein-protein interaction assays and phosphorylation assessments, we demonstrated that CPK27 directly interacted with and phosphorylated tonoplast sugar transporter 2 (TST2), promoting intercellular soluble sugar accumulation during drought stress. Furthermore, Ca2+ and ABA enhanced CPK27-mediated interaction and phosphorylation of TST2, thus revealing a role of TST2 in tomato plant drought tolerance. These findings extend the toolbox of potential interventions for enhancing plant drought stress tolerance and provide a target to improve drought tolerance by manipulating CPK27-mediated soluble sugar accumulation for rendering drought tolerance in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Beiyu Jing
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Teng Lin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
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Duan Q, Lin YR. Focus on vegetable crops. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:901-905. [PMID: 38688010 PMCID: PMC11142333 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Duan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yann-rong Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- World Vegetable Center, Headquarters, Shanhua, Tainan 74151, Taiwan
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Shomali A, Das S, Arif N, Sarraf M, Zahra N, Yadav V, Aliniaeifard S, Chauhan DK, Hasanuzzaman M. Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223158. [PMID: 36432887 PMCID: PMC9699315 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are characterized as the low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds universally distributed in planta. They are a chemically varied group of secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activity. The increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the various physiological functions of flavonoids in stress response. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to flavonoids' biochemistry and biosynthesis. Then, we review the recent findings on the alternation of flavonoid content under different stress conditions to come up with an overall picture of the mechanism of involvement of flavonoids in plants' response to various abiotic stresses. The participation of flavonoids in antioxidant systems, flavonoid-mediated response to different abiotic stresses, the involvement of flavonoids in stress signaling networks, and the physiological response of plants under stress conditions are discussed in this review. Moreover, molecular and genetic approaches to tailoring flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation under abiotic stress are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Dehli School of Journalism, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-43311, Iran
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- Department of Botany, Multanimal Modi College Modinagar, Ghaziabad 201204, India
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Elevated light intensity compensates for nitrogen deficiency during chrysanthemum growth by improving water and nitrogen use efficiency. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10002. [PMID: 35705667 PMCID: PMC9200816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying environmental factors that improve plant growth and development under nitrogen (N) constraint is essential for sustainable greenhouse production. In the present study, the role of light intensity and N concentrations on the biomass partitioning and physiology of chrysanthemum was investigated. Four light intensities [75, 150, 300, and 600 µmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)] and three N concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mM N L-1) were used. Vegetative and generative growth traits were improved by increase in PPFD and N concentration. High N supply reduced stomatal size and gs in plants under lowest PPFD. Under low PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to leaves and stem was higher than that of flower and roots while in plants grown under high PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to flower and root outweighed that of allocated to leaves and stem. As well, positive effects of high PPFD on chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were observed in N-deficient plants. Furthermore, photosynthetic functionality improved by raise in PPFD. In conclusion, high PPFD reduced the adverse effects of N deficiency by improving photosynthesis and stomatal functionality, NUE, WUE, and directing biomass partitioning toward the floral organs.
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Mir R, Romero I, González-Orenga S, Ferrer-Gallego PP, Laguna E, Boscaiu M, Oprică L, Grigore MN, Vicente O. Constitutive and Adaptive Traits of Environmental Stress Tolerance in the Threatened Halophyte Limonium angustebracteatum Erben (Plumbaginaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091137. [PMID: 35567138 PMCID: PMC9103948 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Limonium angustebracteatum is a halophyte endemic to the E and SE Iberian Peninsula with interest in conservation. Salt glands represent an important adaptive trait in recretohalophytes like this and other Limonium species, as they allow the excretion of excess salts, reducing the concentration of toxic ions in foliar tissues. This study included the analysis of the salt gland structure, composed of 12 cells, 4 secretory and 8 accessory. Several anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses to stress were also analysed in adult plants subjected to one month of water stress, complete lack of irrigation, and salt stress, by watering with aqueous solutions of 200, 400, 600 and 800 mM NaCl. Plant growth was inhibited by the severe water deficit and, to a lesser extent, by high NaCl concentrations. A variation in the anatomical structure of the leaves was detected under conditions of salt and water stress; plants from the salt stress treatment showed salt glands sunken between epidermal cells, bordered by very large epidermal cells, whereas in those from the water stress treatment, the epidermal cells were heterogeneous in shape and size. In both, the palisade structure of the leaves was altered. Salt excretion is usually accompanied by the accumulation of salts in the foliar tissue. This was also found in L. angustebracteatum, in which the concentration of all ions analysed was higher in the leaves than in the roots. The increase of K+ in the roots of plants subjected to water stress was also remarkable. The multivariate analysis indicated differences in water and salt stress responses, such as the accumulation of Na and Cl, or proline, but K+ homeostasis played a relevant role in the mechanism of tolerance to both stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mir
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV, UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (I.R.); (O.V.)
| | - Ignacio Romero
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV, UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (I.R.); (O.V.)
| | - Sara González-Orenga
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM, UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (M.B.)
| | - P. Pablo Ferrer-Gallego
- Centre for Forestry Research and Experimentation (CIEF), CIEF-Wildlife Service, Generalitat Valenciana, Avda Comarques del País Valencia, 114, 46930 Quart de Poblet, Valencia, Spain; (P.P.F.-G.); (E.L.)
| | - Emilio Laguna
- Centre for Forestry Research and Experimentation (CIEF), CIEF-Wildlife Service, Generalitat Valenciana, Avda Comarques del País Valencia, 114, 46930 Quart de Poblet, Valencia, Spain; (P.P.F.-G.); (E.L.)
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM, UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (M.B.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Oprică
- Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bulevardul Carol I nr. 11, 700506 Iași, Romania;
| | - Marius-Nicușor Grigore
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, “Ștefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Str. Universității 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV, UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (I.R.); (O.V.)
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Kaur H, Kohli SK, Khanna K, Bhardwaj R. Scrutinizing the impact of water deficit in plants: Transcriptional regulation, signaling, photosynthetic efficacy, and management. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:935-962. [PMID: 33686690 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal availability of water limits plant growth, development, and performance. Drought is one of the leading factors responsible for worldwide crop yield reduction. In the future, owing to climate changes, more agricultural land will be affected by prolonged periods of water deficit. Thus, understanding the fundamental mechanism of drought response is a major scientific concern for improvement of crop production. To combat drought stress, plants deploy varied mechanistic strategies and alter their morphological, physiochemical, and molecular attributes. This helps plant to enhance water uptake and storage, reduce water loss and avoid wilting. Induction of several transcription factors and drought responsive genes leads to synthesis of stress proteins, regulation of water channels i.e. aquaporins and production of osmolytes that are essential for maintenance of osmotic balance at the cellular level. Self- and hormone-regulated signaling pathways are often stimulated by plants after receiving drought stress signals via secondary messengers, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and stress hormones. These signaling cascades often leads to stomatal closure and reduction in transpiration rates. Reduced carbon dioxide diffusion in chloroplast, lowered efficacy of photosystems, and other metabolic constraints limits the key regulatory photosynthetic process during water deficit. The impact of these stomatal and nonstomatal limitations varies with stress intensity, superimposed stresses and plant species. A clear understanding of the drought resistance process is thus important before adopting strategies for imparting drought tolerance in plants. These management practices at present include exogenous hormone application, breeding, and genetic engineering techniques for combating the water deficit issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsimran Kaur
- PG Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Division, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- PG Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Division, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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