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Ng RC, El Sachat A, Jaramillo-Fernandez J, Sotomayor-Torres CM, Chavez-Angel E. Far-Field Radiative Thermal Rectification Based on Asymmetric Emissivity. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2024; 2:973-979. [PMID: 38962567 PMCID: PMC11217939 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
This experimental study investigates thermal rectification via asymmetric far-field thermal radiation on a fused silica slab. An asymmetrical distribution of surface emissivity is created over the device by partially covering the fused silica with a 100 nm thick aluminum film. The slab is subjected to a thermal bias, and when this bias is reversed, a small temperature difference is observed between the different configurations. This temperature difference arises from the difference in emissivity between the aluminum layer and fused silica, resulting in the transfer of thermal energy to the surrounding environment through radiation. Experimental findings are supported by finite element simulations, which not only confirm the measured values but also provide valuable insights into the rectification efficiency of the system. The rectification efficiency is found to be approximately 50% at room temperature for a thermal bias of 140 K. Simulations, which are performed by considering different environmental conditions experienced by the radiation and free convection processes, provide further insight into the underlying thermal rectification mechanism. These simulations consider an environmental temperature of 4 K for thermal radiation and an ambient temperature of 294 K for free convection and reveal an enhanced rectification effect with a rectification efficiency up to 600% when a thermal bias of 195 K is applied. This result emphasizes the significance of considering both convection and radiation in the thermal management and rectification of asymmetric systems. The outcomes of this study further our understanding of the thermal rectification phenomenon. They also show the importance of system asymmetry, emissivity disparities, environmental conditions, and the interplay between convection and radiation. Furthermore, the findings have implications for heat transfer and rectification in asymmetric systems, offering potential applications in areas such as energy harvesting, thermal management, and heat transfer optimization in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Ng
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandros El Sachat
- Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National
Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Julianna Jaramillo-Fernandez
- MIND-IN2UB,
Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica,
Facultat de Física, Universitat de
Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clivia M. Sotomayor-Torres
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emigdio Chavez-Angel
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Jou D, Restuccia L. Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Heat Transport in Superlattices, Graded Systems, and Thermal Metamaterials with Defects. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:1091. [PMID: 37510038 PMCID: PMC10378211 DOI: 10.3390/e25071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss a nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory for heat transport in superlattices, graded systems, and thermal metamaterials with defects. The aim is to provide researchers in nonequilibrium thermodynamics as well as material scientists with a framework to consider in a systematic way several nonequilibrium questions about current developments, which are fostering new aims in heat transport, and the techniques for achieving them, for instance, defect engineering, dislocation engineering, stress engineering, phonon engineering, and nanoengineering. We also suggest some new applications in the particular case of mobile defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jou
- Grup de Fisíca Estadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Carme, 47, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liliana Restuccia
- Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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3
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Benenti G, Casati G, Marchesoni F, Wang J. Autonomous circular heat engine. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:044104. [PMID: 36397467 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.044104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A dynamical model of a highly efficient heat engine is proposed, where an applied temperature difference maintains the motion of particles around the circuit consisting of two asymmetric narrow channels, in one of which the current flows against the applied thermodynamic forces. Numerical simulations and linear-response analysis suggest that, in the absence of frictional losses, the Carnot efficiency can be achieved in the thermodynamic limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Benenti
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Technologia, Center for Nonlinear and Complex Systems, Universitâ degli Studi dell'Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Casati
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Technologia, Center for Nonlinear and Complex Systems, Universitâ degli Studi dell'Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
- International Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, CP. 1613, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marchesoni
- Department of Physics, University of Camerino, 61032 Camerino, Italy
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Condensed Matter Physics (Department of Education of Fujian Province), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
- Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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4
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Li Z, Xiong S, Sievers C, Hu Y, Fan Z, Wei N, Bao H, Chen S, Donadio D, Ala-Nissila T. Influence of thermostatting on nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of heat conduction in solids. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:234105. [PMID: 31864248 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) has been extensively used to study thermal transport at various length scales in many materials. In this method, two local thermostats at different temperatures are used to generate a nonequilibrium steady state with a constant heat flux. Conventionally, the thermal conductivity of a finite system is calculated as the ratio between the heat flux and the temperature gradient extracted from the linear part of the temperature profile away from the local thermostats. Here, we show that, with a proper choice of the thermostat, the nonlinear part of the temperature profile should actually not be excluded in thermal transport calculations. We compare NEMD results against those from the atomistic Green's function method in the ballistic regime and those from the homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method in the ballistic-to-diffusive regime. These comparisons suggest that in all the transport regimes, one should directly calculate the thermal conductance from the temperature difference between the heat source and sink and, if needed, convert it into the thermal conductivity by multiplying it with the system length. Furthermore, we find that the Langevin thermostat outperforms the Nosé-Hoover (chain) thermostat in NEMD simulations because of its stochastic and local nature. We show that this is particularly important for studying asymmetric carbon-based nanostructures, for which the Nosé-Hoover thermostat can produce artifacts leading to unphysical thermal rectification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shiyun Xiong
- Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Charles Sievers
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Yue Hu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zheyong Fan
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hua Bao
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shunda Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Davide Donadio
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Tapio Ala-Nissila
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
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5
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Cândido MM, Morgado WAM, Duarte Queirós SM. Macroscopic violation of the law of heat conduction. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:032143. [PMID: 29347020 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.032143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We analyze a model describing an anharmonic macroscopic chain in contact with general reservoirs that follow the Lévy-Itô theorem on the Gaussian-Poissonian decomposition of the measure. We do so by considering a perturbative approach to compute the heat flux and the (canonical) temperature profile when the system reaches the steady state. This approach allows observing a macroscopic violation of the law of the heat conduction equivalent to that found for small (N=2) systems in contact with general reservoirs, which conveys the ascendency of the nature of the reservoirs over the size of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Cândido
- Department of Physics, PUC-Rio, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
| | - Welles A M Morgado
- Department of Physics, PUC-Rio, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
| | - Sílvio M Duarte Queirós
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
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