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Martinez Bravo G, Annarapu G, Carmona E, Nawarskas J, Clark R, Novelli E, Mota Alvidrez RI. Platelets in Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis: A Double-Edged Sword. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:1608-1621. [PMID: 38885926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the dual role of platelets in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, exploring their involvement in inflammation, angiogenesis, and plaque formation, as well as their hemostatic and prothrombotic functions. Beyond their thrombotic functions, platelets engage in complex interactions with diverse cell types, influencing disease resolution and progression. The contribution of platelet degranulation helps in the formation of atheromatous plaque, whereas the reciprocal interaction with monocytes adds complexity. Alterations in platelet membrane receptors and signaling cascades contribute to advanced atherosclerosis, culminating in atherothrombotic events. Understanding these multifaceted roles of platelets will lead to the development of targeted antiplatelet strategies for effective cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Understanding platelet functions in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis at different stages of disease will be critical for designing targeted treatments and medications to prevent or cure the disease Through this understanding, platelets can be targeted at specific times in the atherosclerosis process, possibly preventing the development of atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gowtham Annarapu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Emely Carmona
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Nawarskas
- Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ross Clark
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roberto I Mota Alvidrez
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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2
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Rohlfing AK, Kremser M, Schaale D, Dicenta-Baunach V, Laspa Z, Fu X, Zizmare L, Sigle M, Harm T, Münzer P, Pelzer A, Borst O, Trautwein C, Feil R, Müller K, Castor T, Lämmerhofer M, Gawaz MP. cGMP modulates hemin-mediated platelet death. Thromb Res 2024; 234:63-74. [PMID: 38171216 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hemolysis is a known risk factor for thrombosis resulting in critical limb ischemia and microcirculatory disturbance and organ failure. Intravasal hemolysis may lead to life-threatening complications due to uncontrolled thrombo-inflammation. Until now, conventional antithrombotic therapies failed to control development and progression of these thrombotic events. Thus, the pathophysiology of these thrombotic events needs to be investigated to unravel underlying pathways and thereby identify targets for novel treatment strategies. METHODS Here we used classical experimental set-ups as well as high-end flow cytometry, metabolomics and lipidomic analysis to in-depth analyze the effects of hemin on platelet physiology and morphology. RESULTS Hemin does strongly and swiftly induce platelet activation and this process is modulated by the sGC-cGMP-cGKI signaling axis. cGMP modulation also reduced the pro-aggregatory potential of plasma derived from patients with hemolysis. Furthermore, hemin-induced platelet death evokes distinct platelet subpopulations. Typical cell death markers, such as ROS, were induced by hemin-stimulation and the platelet lipidome was specifically altered by high hemin concentration. Specifically, arachidonic acid derivates, such as PGE2, TXB2 or 12-HHT, were significantly increased. Balancing the cGMP levels by modulation of the sGC-cGMP-cGKI axis diminished the ferroptotic effect of hemin. CONCLUSION We found that cGMP modulates hemin-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation in vitro and cGMP effects hemin-mediated platelet death and changes in the platelet lipidome. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that modulating platelet cGMP levels may be a novel strategy to control thrombosis and critical limb ischemia in patients with hemolytic crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marcel Kremser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Schaale
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Valerie Dicenta-Baunach
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Zoi Laspa
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Xiaoqing Fu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Laimdota Zizmare
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department for Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Manuel Sigle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Harm
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Patrick Münzer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Pelzer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department for Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Karin Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tatsiana Castor
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Meinrad P Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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3
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The Role of NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG Signaling Pathway in Regulation of Platelet Function. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223704. [PMID: 36429131 PMCID: PMC9688146 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating blood platelets are controlled by stimulatory and inhibitory factors, and a tightly regulated equilibrium between these two opposing processes is essential for normal platelet and vascular function. NO/cGMP/ Protein Kinase G (PKG) pathways play a highly significant role in platelet inhibition, which is supported by a large body of studies and data. This review focused on inconsistent and controversial data of NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG signaling in platelets including sources of NO that activate sGC in platelets, the role of sGC/PKG in platelet inhibition/activation, and the complexity of the regulation of platelet inhibitory mechanisms by cGMP/PKG pathways. In conclusion, we suggest that the recently developed quantitative phosphoproteomic method will be a powerful tool for the analysis of PKG-mediated effects. Analysis of phosphoproteins in PKG-activated platelets will reveal many new PKG substrates. A future detailed analysis of these substrates and their involvement in different platelet inhibitory pathways could be a basis for the development of new antiplatelet drugs that may target only specific aspects of platelet functions.
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Holden JM, Wareham LK. cGMP signaling: a potential therapeutic target for neurodegeneration in glaucoma? Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1267-1268. [PMID: 36453407 PMCID: PMC9838148 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Holden
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lauren K. Wareham
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Correspondence to: Lauren K. Wareham, .
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Degjoni A, Campolo F, Stefanini L, Venneri MA. The NO/cGMP/PKG pathway in platelets: The therapeutic potential of PDE5 inhibitors in platelet disorders. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2465-2474. [PMID: 35950928 PMCID: PMC9805178 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are the "guardians" of the blood circulatory system. At sites of vessel injury, they ensure hemostasis and promote immunity and vessel repair. However, their uncontrolled activation is one of the main drivers of thrombosis. To keep circulating platelets in a quiescent state, the endothelium releases platelet antagonists including nitric oxide (NO) that acts by stimulating the intracellular receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC). The latter produces the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) that inhibits platelet activation by stimulating protein kinase G, which phosphorylates hundreds of intracellular targets. Intracellular cGMP pools are tightly regulated by a fine balance between GC and phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that are responsible for the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is a cGMP-specific PDE, broadly expressed in most tissues in humans and rodents. In clinical practice, PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are used as first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, pulmonary artery hypertension, and lower urinary tract symptoms. However, several studies have shown that PDE5i may ameliorate the outcome of various other conditions, like heart failure and stroke. Interestingly, NO donors and cGMP analogs increase the capacity of anti-platelet drugs targeting the purinergic receptor type Y, subtype 12 (P2Y12) receptor to block platelet aggregation, and preclinical studies have shown that PDE5i inhibits platelet functions. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of PDE5i on platelet activation and aggregation focusing on the therapeutic potential of PDE5i in platelet disorders, and the outcomes of a combined therapy with PDE5i and NO donors to inhibit platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Degjoni
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Federica Campolo
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Lucia Stefanini
- Department of Translational and Precision MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
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Granja TF, Köhler D, Leiss V, Eggstein C, Nürnberg B, Rosenberger P, Beer-Hammer S. Platelets and the Cybernetic Regulation of Ischemic Inflammatory Responses through PNC Formation Regulated by Extracellular Nucleotide Metabolism and Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193009. [PMID: 36230973 PMCID: PMC9561997 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic events are associated with severe inflammation and are here referred to as ischemic inflammatory response (IIR). Recent studies identified the formation of platelet–neutrophil complexes (PNC) as key players in IIR. We investigated the role of extracellular platelet nucleotide signaling in the context of IIR and defined a cybernetic circle, including description of feedback loops. Cybernetic circles seek to integrate different levels of information to understand how biological systems function. Our study specifies the components of the cybernetic system of platelets in IIR and describes the theoretical progression of IIR passing the cybernetic cycle with positive and negative feedback loops based on nucleotide-dependent signaling and functional regulation. The cybernetic components and feedback loops were explored by cytometry, immunohistological staining, functional blocking antibodies, and ADP/ATP measurements. Using several ex vivo and in vivo approaches we confirmed cybernetic parameters, such as controller, sensor, and effector (VASP phosphorylation, P2Y12, ADORAs and GPIIb/IIIa activity), as well as set points (ADP, adenosine) and interfering control and disturbance variables (ischemia). We demonstrate the impact of the regulated platelet–neutrophil complex (PNC) formation in blood and the resulting damage to the affected inflamed tissue. Taken together, extracellular nucleotide signaling, PNC formation, and tissue damage in IIR can be integrated in a controlled cybernetic circle of platelet function, as introduced through this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Granja
- Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, CBIOS–Universidade, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Eggstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-74594
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7
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Zhang Y, Benz P, Stehle D, Yang S, Kurz H, Feil S, Nagel G, Feil R, Gao S, Bender M. Optogenetic manipulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate to probe phosphodiesterase activities in megakaryocytes. Open Biol 2022; 12:220058. [PMID: 35975649 PMCID: PMC9382455 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling plays a fundamental role in many cell types, including platelets. cGMP has been implicated in platelet formation, but mechanistic detail about its spatio-temporal regulation in megakaryocytes (MKs) is lacking. Optogenetics is a technique which allows spatio-temporal manipulation of molecular events in living cells or organisms. We took advantage of this method and expressed a photo-activated guanylyl cyclase, Blastocladiella emersonii Cyclase opsin (BeCyclop), after viral-mediated gene transfer in bone marrow (BM)-derived MKs to precisely light-modulate cGMP levels. BeCyclop-MKs showed a significantly increased cGMP concentration after illumination, which was strongly dependent on phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 activity. This finding was corroborated by real-time imaging of cGMP signals which revealed that pharmacological PDE5 inhibition also potentiated nitric oxide-triggered cGMP generation in BM MKs. In summary, we established for the first-time optogenetics in primary MKs and show that PDE5 is the predominant PDE regulating cGMP levels in MKs. These findings also demonstrate that optogenetics allows for the precise manipulation of MK biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Benz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Stehle
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Shang Yang
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hendrikje Kurz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Georg Nagel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Shiqiang Gao
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Breitenbach T, Englert N, Osmanoglu Ö, Rukoyatkina N, Wangorsch G, Heinze K, Friebe A, Butt E, Feil R, Dittrich M, Gambaryan S, Dandekar T. A modular systems biological modelling framework studies cyclic nucleotide signaling in platelets. J Theor Biol 2022; 550:111222. [PMID: 35843440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP inhibit platelet activation. Different platelet signaling modules work together. We develop here a modelling framework to integrate different signaling modules and apply it to platelets. RESULTS We introduce a novel standardized bilinear coupling mechanism allowing sub model debugging and standardization of coupling with optimal data driven modelling by methods from optimization. Besides cAMP signaling our model considers specific cGMP effects including external stimuli by drugs. Moreover, the output of the cGMP module serves as input for a modular model of VASP phosphorylation and for the activity of cAMP and cGMP pathways in platelets. Experimental data driven modeling allows us to design models with quantitative output. We use the condensed information about involved regulation and system responses for modeling drug effects and obtaining optimal experimental settings. Stepwise further validation of our model is given by direct experimental data. CONCLUSIONS We present a general framework for model integration using modules and their stimulus responses. We demonstrate it by a multi-modular model for platelet signaling focusing on cGMP and VASP phosphorylation. Moreover, this allows to estimate drug action on any of the inhibitory cyclic nucleotide pathways (cGMP, cAMP) and is supported by experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Breitenbach
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nils Englert
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Würzburg, Roentgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Özge Osmanoglu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gaby Wangorsch
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Katrin Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, D15, 97080 Würzburg
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Würzburg, Roentgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Butt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Human Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Postfach 102209, 69012 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Leonardi GR, Lescano CH, Costa JL, Mazetto B, Orsi FA, Monica FZ. Adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation is enhanced in platelets obtained from patients with thrombotic primary antiphospholipid syndrome (t-PAPS): Role of P2Y 12 -cAMP signaling pathway. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1699-1711. [PMID: 35395698 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (t-PAPS) is characterized by arterial, venous, or microvascular occlusions, which are explained, in part, by the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies. Although there is much evidence indicating that isolated aPL antibodies increase the activity of platelets obtained from healthy volunteers, platelet function in t-PAPS has not been as widely studied. OBJECTIVE To evaluate platelet reactivity in t-PAPS patients. METHODS Platelet aggregation, protein expression, and cyclic nucleotide levels were carried out in platelet rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets (WPs) obtained from t-PAPS or healthy volunteers. RESULTS ADP-induced aggregation was significantly higher in PRP obtained from t-PAPS than obtained from the control. The protein expression of P2Y12 receptor and Gs alpha was significantly higher and lower, respectively in WPs from t-PAPS patients. In PRP incubated with iloprost or sodium nitroprusside, the residual platelet reactivity induced by ADP was still higher in PRP from t-PAPS than from the control. Lower intracellular levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were observed in unstimulated PRP from t-PAPS patients. The protein expression of soluble guanylate cyclase subunits and phosphodiesterases types 3 and 5 did not differ. The antiplatelet activity of ticagrelor was similar between the groups and cilostazol significantly potentiated this response. Isolated aPL antibodies obtained from t-PAPS patients potentiated ADP-induced aggregation in healthy platelets but did not affect the inhibitory responses induced by iloprost or sodium nitroprusside. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of P2Y12 receptor, accompanied by lower levels of cAMP and cGMP levels produced greater amplitude of ADP aggregation in platelets from t-PAPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Ruiz Leonardi
- Department of Translation Medicine (Pharmacology), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Caroline Honaiser Lescano
- Department of Translation Medicine (Pharmacology), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jose Luiz Costa
- Campinas Poison Control Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mazetto
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Andrade Orsi
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Zakia Monica
- Department of Translation Medicine (Pharmacology), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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10
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Gu W, Qi J, Zhang S, Ding Y, Qiao J, Han Y. Inhibition of HIF prolyl hydroxylase modulates platelet function. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1693-1705. [PMID: 35477177 DOI: 10.1055/a-1837-7797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors-1α (HIF-1α) involves in redox reaction. Considering the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in platelet function, whether it regulates platelet function remains unclear. Using an inhibitor of HIF prolyl hydroxylase IOX-2, we intend to investigate its effect on platelet function. Human platelets were treated with IOX-2 (0, 10, 25, and 50 M) followed by analysis of platelet aggregation, granule secretion, receptor expression, platelet spreading or clot retraction. Additionally, IOX-2 (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice to measure tail bleeding time and arterial thrombosis. IOX-2 significantly inhibited collagen-related peptide (CRP, 0.25 μg/ml) or thrombin (0.03 U/ml)-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release dose dependently without affecting P-selectin expression and the surface levels of glycoprotein (GP)Ib, GPVI or IIb3. In addition, IOX-2-treated platelets presented significantly decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and clot retraction. Moreover, IOX-2 administration into mice significantly impaired the in vivo hemostatic function of platelets and arterial thrombus formation without affecting the number of circulating platelets and coagulation factor (FVIII and FIX). Further, IOX-2 significantly upregulated HIF-1 in platelets, decreased ROS generation and downregulated NOX1 expression. Finally, IOX-2 increased the phosphorylation level of VASP (Ser157/239), and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 (Thr180/Tyr182), ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), AKT (Thr308/Ser473) and PKC (Thr505) in CRP- or thrombin-stimulated platelets. In conclusion, inhibition of HIF prolyl hydroxylase modulates platelet function and arterial thrombus formation, possibly through upregulation of HIF-1α expression and subsequent inhibition of ROS generation, indicating that HIF-1α might be a novel target for the treatment of thrombotic disorders.
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Structural, functional, and mechanistic insights uncover the fundamental role of orphan connexin-62 in platelets. Blood 2021; 137:830-843. [PMID: 32822477 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexins oligomerise to form hexameric hemichannels in the plasma membrane that can further dock together on adjacent cells to form gap junctions and facilitate intercellular trafficking of molecules. In this study, we report the expression and function of an orphan connexin, connexin-62 (Cx62), in human and mouse (Cx57, mouse homolog) platelets. A novel mimetic peptide (62Gap27) was developed to target the second extracellular loop of Cx62, and 3-dimensional structural models predicted its interference with gap junction and hemichannel function. The ability of 62Gap27 to regulate both gap junction and hemichannel-mediated intercellular communication was observed using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis and flow cytometry. Cx62 inhibition by 62Gap27 suppressed a range of agonist-stimulated platelet functions and impaired thrombosis and hemostasis. This was associated with elevated protein kinase A-dependent signaling in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-independent manner and was not observed in Cx57-deficient mouse platelets (in which the selectivity of 62Gap27 for this connexin was also confirmed). Notably, Cx62 hemichannels were observed to function independently of Cx37 and Cx40 hemichannels. Together, our data reveal a fundamental role for a hitherto uncharacterized connexin in regulating the function of circulating cells.
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12
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Widiyanti P, Suryohudoyo P. The role of hyperbaric oxygen to platelet aggregation in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:617-621. [PMID: 34214305 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) could cause rheological disorder, such as platelet aggregation and blood hyperviscosity. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could decrease collagen as platelet aggregation agonist. This study aimed to explore the effect of HBO treatment to platelet aggregation parameters (latency time(LT), aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage) with the collagen aggregator in the noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). METHODS The number of subjects in this study were 16 for each group normoxia normobaric (NONB) and HBO. NIDDM patients from DM polyclinic in Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut (RSAL) Dr Ramelan Surabaya which was fulfilled inclusion criteria would receive HBO Therapy. Control Group/NONB were treated with NONB condition (20% O2 1 ATA) for 90 min and treatment group/HBO were treated with hyperoxia hyperbaric condition (100% O2 2.4 ATA) for 3 × 30 min with interval of 2 × 5 min for inhaling fresh air. Subject has been blood taken for platelet aggregation test before and after HBO Therapy. The length of treatment was 5 days for both condition (NONB and HBO). RESULTS The data from both groups, NONB and HBO were tested first by normality test, homogenity test, correlation test, analysis of covariance, and paired t-test. Based on paired t-test, the decrease on platelet aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage after HBO treatment was showed significant difference on the LT and aggregation index while in aggregation speed and aggregation percentage was not significant. NONB group after 5 days was showed a significant difference on the aggregation speed and aggregation index while in LT and aggregation percentage was not significant. CONCLUSIONS The utilization of HBO 2.4 ATA 100% O2 3 × 30 min, once a day, for 5 days could decrease the platelet aggregation parameters (LT, aggregation speed, aggregation index, and aggregation percentage) in patients with NIDDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prihartini Widiyanti
- Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Purnomo Suryohudoyo
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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13
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Hofmann F. The cGMP system: components and function. Biol Chem 2021; 401:447-469. [PMID: 31747372 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling system is one of the most prominent regulators of a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes in many mammalian and non-mammalian tissues. Targeting this pathway by increasing cGMP levels has been a very successful approach in pharmacology as shown for nitrates, phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors and stimulators of nitric oxide-guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) and particulate GC (pGC). This is an introductory review to the cGMP signaling system intended to introduce those readers to this system, who do not work in this area. This article does not intend an in-depth review of this system. Signal transduction by cGMP is controlled by the generating enzymes GCs, the degrading enzymes PDEs and the cGMP-regulated enzymes cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels, cGMP-dependent protein kinases and cGMP-regulated PDEs. Part A gives a very concise introduction to the components. Part B gives a very concise introduction to the functions modulated by cGMP. The article cites many recent reviews for those who want a deeper insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Hofmann
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D-80802 München, Germany
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14
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Angelis I, Moussis V, Tsoukatos DC, Tsikaris V. Multidrug Resistance Protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4): A Suspected Efflux Transporter for Human's Platelet Activation. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:983-995. [PMID: 33964863 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210505120659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main role of platelets is to contribute to hemostasis. However, under pathophysiological conditions, platelet activation may lead to thrombotic events of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, anti-thrombotic treatment is important in patients with cardiovascular disease. This review focuses on a platelet receptor, a transmembrane protein, the Multidrug Resistance Protein 4, MRP4, which contributes to platelet activation by extruding endogenous molecules responsible for their activation and accumulation. The regulation of the intracellular concentration levels of these molecules by MRP4 turned to make the protein suspicious and, at the same time, an interesting regulatory factor of normal platelet function. Especially, the possible role of MRP4 in the excretion of xenobiotic and antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin is discussed, thus imparting platelet aspirin tolerance and correlating the protein with the ineffectiveness of aspirin antiplatelet therapy. Based on the above, this review finally underlines that the development of a highly selective and targeted strategy for platelet MRP4 inhibition will also lead to inhibition of platelet activation and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Angelis
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Vassilios Moussis
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Demokritos C Tsoukatos
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Vassilios Tsikaris
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina. Greece
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15
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Jakstaite AM, Luedike P, Schmack B, Pizanis N, Riebisch M, Weymann A, Kamler M, Ruhparwar A, Rassaf T, Papathanasiou M. Increased bleeding risk with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors after left ventricular assist device implantation. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:2419-2427. [PMID: 33821578 PMCID: PMC8318463 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Therapy with phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation has been associated with lower mortality and device thrombosis but increased risk for post‐operative and gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to evaluate the impact of long‐term PDE5Is on the overall bleeding risk after LVAD implantation. Methods and results We retrospectively included patients who received a continuous‐flow LVAD at our site and were prescribed with long‐term oral PDE5Is after discharge from the index hospitalization. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of bleeding at 12 month follow‐up. Secondary endpoints were all‐cause death and the combination of bleeding and all‐cause death. Our analysis included 109 patients of whom 75 (69%) received long‐term PDE5Is. Mean age was 56 years, and 85% were male. At 12 months, 19 (17%) patients experienced at least one bleeding event. Patients on PDE5Is had higher bleeding rates (23% vs. 6%, P = 0.03) and more bleeding events per patient‐year (0.32 vs. 0.06, P = 0.03) compared with patients not on PDE5Is. While overall bleeding incidence was excessively higher in the PDE5I group, there were no significant differences in the incidence of major bleeding (19% vs. 6%, P = 0.08) and gastrointestinal bleeding (11% vs. 3%, P = 0.18). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed higher cumulative incidence of bleeding for the PDE5I group (log rank = 0.04) with no difference on all‐cause death (log rank = 0.67) and the combination of bleeding and all‐cause death (log rank = 0.13). Hospitalizations for bleeding and their duration were numerically higher in the PDE5I group (0.28 vs. 0.03, P = 0.07 and 2.4 vs. 0.2, P = 0.07, respectively). Conclusions Phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitor treatment after LVAD implantation is associated with increased bleeding risk after LVAD implantation. The safety of long‐term PDE5Is in LVAD patients remains unclear and needs to be further clarified in prospective studies with randomized study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste-Monika Jakstaite
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Peter Luedike
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Bastian Schmack
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pizanis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Matthias Riebisch
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Alexander Weymann
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Arjang Ruhparwar
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Maria Papathanasiou
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
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16
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Vara D, Mailer RK, Tarafdar A, Wolska N, Heestermans M, Konrath S, Spaeth M, Renné T, Schröder K, Pula G. NADPH Oxidases Are Required for Full Platelet Activation In Vitro and Thrombosis In Vivo but Dispensable for Plasma Coagulation and Hemostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:683-697. [PMID: 33267663 PMCID: PMC7837688 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using 3KO (triple NOX [NADPH oxidase] knockout) mice (ie, NOX1-/-/NOX2-/-/NOX4-/-), we aimed to clarify the role of this family of enzymes in the regulation of platelets in vitro and hemostasis in vivo. Approach and Results: 3KO mice displayed significantly reduced platelet superoxide radical generation, which was associated with impaired platelet aggregation, adhesion, and thrombus formation in response to the key agonists collagen and thrombin. A comparison with single-gene knockouts suggested that the phenotype of 3KO platelets is the combination of the effects of the genetic deletion of NOX1 and NOX2, while NOX4 does not show any significant function in platelet regulation. 3KO platelets displayed significantly higher levels of cGMP-a negative platelet regulator that activates PKG (protein kinase G). The inhibition of PKG substantially but only partially rescued the defective phenotype of 3KO platelets, which are responsive to both collagen and thrombin in the presence of the PKG inhibitors KT5823 or Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPs, but not in the presence of the NOS (NO synthase) inhibitor L-NG-monomethyl arginine. In vivo, triple NOX deficiency protected against ferric chloride-driven carotid artery thrombosis and experimental pulmonary embolism, while hemostasis tested in a tail-tip transection assay was not affected. Procoagulatory activity of platelets (ie, phosphatidylserine surface exposure) and the coagulation cascade in platelet-free plasma were normal. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that inhibiting NOXs has strong antithrombotic effects partially caused by increased intracellular cGMP but spares hemostasis. NOXs are, therefore, pharmacotherapeutic targets to develop new antithrombotic drugs without bleeding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Vara
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom (D.V.)
| | - Reiner K. Mailer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Anuradha Tarafdar
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester (A.T.)
| | - Nina Wolska
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Marco Heestermans
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Sandra Konrath
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Manuela Spaeth
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (M.S., K.S.)
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany (M.S., K.S.)
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (R.K.M., N.W., M.H., S.K., T.R., G.P.)
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17
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Abstract
Cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) is the key second messenger molecule in nitric oxide signaling. Its rapid generation and fate, but also its role in mediating acute cellular functions has been extensively studied. In the past years, genetic studies suggested an important role for cGMP in affecting the risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases, for example, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Here, we review the role of cGMP in atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases and discuss recent genetic findings and identified mechanisms. Finally, we highlight open questions and promising research topics.
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18
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Martyanov AA, Ignatova AA, Svidelskaya GS, Ponomarenko EA, Gambaryan SP, Sveshnikova AN, Panteleev MA. Programmed Cell Death and Functional Activity of Platelets in Case of Oncohematologic Diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:1267-1276. [PMID: 33202211 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death of non-nucleated blood cells - platelets - could be associated with pathophysiology of oncologic and oncohematologic diseases. It contributes to both bleedings (caused by the thrombocytopenia, which is induced by elimination of the platelets) and thrombosis (caused by the processes of blood coagulation on the surface of phosphatidylserine exposing platelets). Here we characterized functional responses of platelets from the patients with various oncological disorders undergoing chemotherapy and compared them to the platelets from the healthy donors and platelets pre-incubated with apoptosis inducer ABT-737. Some patients exhibited diminished capability of platelets to aggregate. Immunophenotyping of these platelets revealed their pre-activation in comparison to the platelets from the healthy donors. Calcium signaling analysis revealed that in the patient-derived platelets, as well as in the apoptotic platelets, intracellular calcium levels were increased in resting cells. However, moderate level of this increase together with weak expression of phosphatidylserine allows us to assume that apoptotic processes in the circulating platelets from the patients are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Martyanov
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 109029, Russia.,Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia.,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A A Ignatova
- Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - G S Svidelskaya
- Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - E A Ponomarenko
- Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - S P Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - A N Sveshnikova
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 109029, Russia.,Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia.,Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 109029, Russia. .,Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia.,Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Nie XW, Huang DJ, Sun MT, Bian JS. Role of nitroxyl (HNO) in cardiovascular system: From biochemistry to pharmacology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Xanthopoulos A, Tryposkiadis K, Triposkiadis F, Fukamachi K, Soltesz EG, Young JB, Wolski K, Blackstone EH, Starling RC. Postimplant Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors Use Is Associated With Lower Rates of Thrombotic Events After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015897. [PMID: 32648508 PMCID: PMC7660717 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) thrombosis is clinically devastating and impacts the cost effectiveness of LVAD therapy for advanced heart failure. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies represent the standard of care to mitigate LVAD thrombosis. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5is) exhibit hemodynamic, antiplatelet, and antithrombotic effects. Using a national registry, we examined the relationship of PDE-5i use on thrombotic events in patients with continuous-flow LVADs. Methods and Results We obtained data from 13 772 patients with continuous flow LVADs participating in a national registry. Patients implanted with primary LVADs from 2012 to 2017 were included in the analysis. The primary end point was a composite of LVAD thrombosis and ischemic stroke. Patients were analyzed according to any use of PDE-5i after LVAD implantation (PDE-5i group) versus no use after LVAD implantation (no PDE-5i group). The primary end point was significantly lower in the PDE-5i group compared with the no PDE-5i group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.91; P<0.001) at 48 months. The components of the primary end point (LVAD thrombosis: HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74-0.90; P<0.001; and ischemic stroke: HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.97; P=0.019), as well as the secondary end point all-cause mortality (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.93; P<0.001) were lower in the PDE-5i group versus the no PDE-5i at 48 months post LVAD. The favorable results observed with postimplant PDE-5i use were consistent with both axial and centrifugal flow devices. Conclusions The postimplant use of PDE-5i was associated with fewer thrombotic events and improved survival in LVAD patients. A randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Xanthopoulos
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | | | | | - Kiyotaka Fukamachi
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Edward G Soltesz
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - James B Young
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Kathy Wolski
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Randall C Starling
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
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21
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p47phox deficiency impairs platelet function and protects mice against arterial and venous thrombosis. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101569. [PMID: 32422541 PMCID: PMC7231845 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulates platelet function and thrombosis. It remains controversial regarding NOX2’s role in platelet function. As a regulatory subunit for NOX2, whether p47phox regulates platelet function remains unclear. Our study intends to evaluate p47phox’s role in platelet function. Platelets were isolated from wild-type or p47phox-/- mice followed by analysis of platelet aggregation, granule secretion, surface receptors expression, spreading, clot retraction and ROS generation. Additionally, in vivo hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombosis was assessed. Moreover, human platelets were treated with PR-39 to inhibit p47phox activity followed by analysis of platelet function. p47phox deficiency significantly prolonged tail-bleeding time, delayed arterial and venous thrombus formation in vivo as well as reduced platelet aggregation, ATP release and αIIbβ3 activation. In addition, p47phox-/- platelets presented impaired spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and defective clot retraction concomitant with decreased phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ2. Moreover, CRP or thrombin-stimulated p47phox-/- platelets displayed reduced intracellular ROS generation which was further decreased after inhibition of NOX1. Meanwhile, p47phox deficiency increased VASP phosphorylation and decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, ERK5 and JNK without affecting AKT and c-PLA2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, p47phox translocates to membrane to interact with both NOX1 and NOX2 after stimulation with CRP or thrombin. Finally, inhibition of p47phox activity by PR-39 reduced ROS generation, platelet aggregation and clot retraction in human platelets. In conclusion, p47phox regulates platelet function, arterial and venous thrombus formation and ROS generation, indicating that p47phox might be a novel therapeutic target for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases. p47phox deficiency impaired hemostasis, delayed arterial and venous thrombosis. Reduced platelet aggregation, spreading and clot retraction in p47phox-/- platelet. Decreased ROS production and elevated VASP phosphorylation in p47phox-/- platelet. p47phox deficiency decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, ERK5 and JNK. p47phox translocates to membrane to interact with both NOX1 and NOX2 after stimulation.
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23
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A shear-dependent NO-cGMP-cGKI cascade in platelets acts as an auto-regulatory brake of thrombosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4301. [PMID: 30327468 PMCID: PMC6191445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms that limit thrombosis are poorly defined. One of the few known endogenous platelet inhibitors is nitric oxide (NO). NO activates NO sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) in platelets, resulting in an increase of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Here we show, using cGMP sensor mice to study spatiotemporal dynamics of platelet cGMP, that NO-induced cGMP production in pre-activated platelets is strongly shear-dependent. We delineate a new mode of platelet-inhibitory mechanotransduction via shear-activated NO-GC followed by cGMP synthesis, activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI), and suppression of Ca2+ signaling. Correlative profiling of cGMP dynamics and thrombus formation in vivo indicates that high cGMP concentrations in shear-exposed platelets at the thrombus periphery limit thrombosis, primarily through facilitation of thrombus dissolution. We propose that an increase in shear stress during thrombus growth activates the NO-cGMP-cGKI pathway, which acts as an auto-regulatory brake to prevent vessel occlusion, while preserving wound closure under low shear. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibits thrombosis in part by stimulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production and cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) activity in platelets. Here, Wen et al. develop a cGMP sensor mouse to follow cGMP dynamics in platelets, and find that shear stress activates NO-cGMP-cGKI signaling during platelet aggregation to limit thrombosis.
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Rukoyatkina N, Shpakova V, Panteleev M, Kharazova A, Gambaryan S, Geiger J. Multifaceted effects of arachidonic acid and interaction with cyclic nucleotides in human platelets. Thromb Res 2018; 171:22-30. [PMID: 30240944 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arachidonic acid induced aggregation is a generally accepted test for aspirin resistance. However, doubts have been raised that arachidonic acid stimulated aggregation can be regarded as reliable testing for aspirin resistance. Arachidonic acid, in addition to platelet activation, can induce phosphatidylserine translocation on the outer surface of platelet membrane which could be mediated by apoptosis pathways or transformation of platelets to the procoagulant state. MATERIALS AND METHODS We explored effects of arachidonic acid over a vast range of concentrations and a wide range of read-outs for human platelet activation, procoagulant activity, and platelet viability. Additionally we tested whether cAMP- or cGMP-dependent protein kinase activation can inhibit procoagulant activity or platelet viability. RESULTS Arachidonic acid-induced washed platelet activation was detected at low micromolar concentrations during the first 2 min of stimulation. After longer incubation and/or at higher concentrations arachidonic acid triggered platelet procoagulant activity and reduced platelet viability. At the same time, arachidonic acid stimulated adenylate cyclase mediated protein phosphorylation which correlated with reduced platelet activation. Moreover, additional stimulation of cAMP- or cGMP-dependent protein kinase inhibited only platelet activation, but did not prevent pro-coagulant activity and platelet death. CONCLUSIONS While arachidonic acid induces platelet activation at low concentrations and during short incubation time, higher concentrations and lasting incubation evokes adenylate cyclase activation and subsequent protein phosphorylation corresponding to reduced platelet activation, but also enhanced pro-coagulant activity and reduced viability. Our observations provide further proof for the complex fine tuning of platelet responses in a time and agonist concentration dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valentina Shpakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Michael Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Kharazova
- Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Joerg Geiger
- Interdisciplinary Bank of Biomaterials and Data, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Nagy Z, Smolenski A. Cyclic nucleotide-dependent inhibitory signaling interweaves with activating pathways to determine platelet responses. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:558-571. [PMID: 30046761 PMCID: PMC6046581 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are regulated by extracellular cues that impact on intracellular signaling. The endothelium releases prostacyclin and nitric oxide which stimulate the synthesis of cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP leading to platelet inhibition. Other inhibitory mechanisms involve immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif-containing receptors, intracellular receptors and receptor desensitization. Inhibitory cyclic nucleotide pathways are traditionally thought to represent a passive background system keeping platelets in a quiescent state. In contrast, cyclic nucleotides are increasingly seen to be dynamically involved in most aspects of platelet regulation. This review focuses on crosstalk between activating and cyclic nucleotide-mediated inhibitory pathways highlighting emerging new hub structures and signaling mechanisms. In particular, interactions of plasma membrane receptors like P2Y12 and GPIb/IX/V with the cyclic nucleotide system are described. Furthermore, differential regulation of the RGS18 complex, second messengers, protein kinases, and phosphatases are presented, and control over small G-proteins by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins are outlined. Possible clinical implications of signaling crosstalk are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Albert Smolenski
- UCD School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
- UCD Conway InstituteUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
- Irish Centre for Vascular BiologyRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
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26
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Lescano CH, Freitas de Lima F, Mendes-Silvério CB, Justo AFO, da Silva Baldivia D, Vieira CP, Sanjinez-Argandoña EJ, Cardoso CAL, Mónica FZ, Pires de Oliveira I. Effect of Polyphenols From Campomanesia adamantium on Platelet Aggregation and Inhibition of Cyclooxygenases: Molecular Docking and in Vitro Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:617. [PMID: 29946259 PMCID: PMC6005896 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium is a medicinal plant of the Brazilian Cerrado. Different parts of its fruits are used in popular medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatism, urinary tract infections and inflammations. Despite its widespread use by the local population, the mechanisms involving platelet aggregation and the inhibition of cyclooxygenase by C. adamantium are unknown. This study evaluated the chemical composition, antioxidant activities and potential benefits of the C. adamantium peel extract (CAPE) and its components in the platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid in platelet-rich plasma. Aspects of the pharmacological mechanism were investigated as follows: platelet viability, calcium mobilization, levels of the cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP, thromboxane B2 levels, and the inhibitory effects on COX-1 and COX-2 were studied in vitro and using molecular docking in the catalytic domain of these proteins. The major CAPE constituents standing out from the chemical analysis are the flavonoids, namely those of the flavones and chalcones class. The results showed that CAPE, quercetin and myricetin significantly decreased arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation; the assays showed that CAPE and quercetin decreased the mobilization of calcium and thromboxane B2 levels in platelets and increased cAMP and cGMP levels. Moreover, CAPE inhibited the activity of COX-1 and COX-2, highlighting that quercetin could potentially prevent the access of arachidonic acid more to the catalytic site of COX-1 than COX-2. These results highlight CAPE’s potential as a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alberto F O Justo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Débora da Silva Baldivia
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia A L Cardoso
- Center for Natural Resource Studies, University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Z Mónica
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ivan Pires de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Makhoul S, Walter E, Pagel O, Walter U, Sickmann A, Gambaryan S, Smolenski A, Zahedi RP, Jurk K. Effects of the NO/soluble guanylate cyclase/cGMP system on the functions of human platelets. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:71-80. [PMID: 29550521 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are circulating sentinels of vascular integrity and are activated, inhibited, or modulated by multiple hormones, vasoactive substances or drugs. Endothelium- or drug-derived NO strongly inhibits platelet activation via activation of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and cGMP elevation, often in synergy with cAMP-elevation by prostacyclin. However, the molecular mechanisms and diversity of cGMP effects in platelets are poorly understood and sometimes controversial. Recently, we established the quantitative human platelet proteome, the iloprost/prostacyclin/cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)-regulated phosphoproteome, and the interactions of the ADP- and iloprost/prostacyclin-affected phosphoproteome. We also showed that the sGC stimulator riociguat is in vitro a highly specific inhibitor, via cGMP, of various functions of human platelets. Here, we review the regulatory role of the cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) system in human platelet function, and our current approaches to establish and analyze the phosphoproteome after selective stimulation of the sGC/cGMP pathway by NO donors and riociguat. Present data indicate an extensive and diverse NO/riociguat/cGMP phosphoproteome, which has to be compared with the cAMP phosphoproteome. In particular, sGC/cGMP-regulated phosphorylation of many membrane proteins, G-proteins and their regulators, signaling molecules, protein kinases, and proteins involved in Ca2+ regulation, suggests that the sGC/cGMP system targets multiple signaling networks rather than a limited number of PKG substrate proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Makhoul
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
| | - Elena Walter
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Pagel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e. V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ulrich Walter
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e. V., Dortmund, Germany; Ruhr Universität Bochum, Medizinisches Proteom Center, Medizinische Fakultät, Bochum, Germany; Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany; Russian Academy of Sciences, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State University, Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Albert Smolenski
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, Univ. College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - René P Zahedi
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H4A 3T2, Canada; Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- University Medical Center Mainz, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany.
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Phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein contributes to myocardial ischemic preconditioning. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:11. [PMID: 29344719 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IP) is a well-known strategy to protect organs against cell death following ischemia. The previous work has shown that vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) is involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and that it holds significant importance for the extent of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Yet, the role of VASP during myocardial IP is, to date, not known. We report here that VASP phosphorylation at serine157 and serine239 is induced during hypoxia in vitro and during IP in vivo. The preconditioning-induced VASP phosphorylation inactivates the GP IIb/IIIa integrin receptor on platelets, which results in the reduced formation of organ compromising platelet neutrophil complexes. Experiments in chimeric mice confirmed the importance of VASP phosphorylation during myocardial IP. When studying this in VASP-/- animals and in an isolated heart model, we were able to confirm the important role of VASP on myocardial IP. In conclusion, we were able to show that IP-induced VASP phosphorylation in platelets is a protective mechanism against the deleterious effects of ischemia.
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a cellular signalling molecule widely conserved among organisms, including microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, and higher eukaryotes such as plants and mammals. NO is mainly produced by the activities of NO synthase (NOS) or nitrite reductase (NIR). There are several NO detoxification systems, including NO dioxygenase (NOD) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). NO homeostasis, based on the balance between NO synthesis and degradation, is important for regulating its physiological functions, since an excess of NO causes nitrosative stress due to the high reactivity of NO and NO-derived compounds. In yeast, NO may be involved in stress responses, but the role of NO and the mechanism underlying NO signalling are poorly understood due to the lack of mammalian NOS orthologs in the yeast genome. NOS and NIR activities have been observed in yeast cells, but the gene-encoding NOS and the mechanism by which NO production is catalysed by NIR remain unclear. On the other hand, yeast cells employ NOD and GSNOR to maintain intracellular redox balance following endogenous NO production, treatment with exogenous NO, or exposure to environmental stresses. This article reviews NO metabolism (synthesis, degradation) and its regulation in yeast. The physiological roles of NO in yeast, including the oxidative stress response, are also discussed. Such investigations into NO signalling are essential for understanding how NO modulates the genetics and physiology of yeast. In addition to being responsible for the pathology and pharmacology of various degenerative diseases, NO signalling may be a potential target for the construction and engineering of industrial yeast strains.
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Protein kinase A activation by the anti-cancer drugs ABT-737 and thymoquinone is caspase-3-dependent and correlates with platelet inhibition and apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2898. [PMID: 28661475 PMCID: PMC5520940 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia is a common bleeding risk in cancer patients and limits chemotherapy dose and frequency. Recent data from mouse and human platelets revealed that activation of protein kinase A/G (PKA/PKG) not only inhibited thrombin/convulxin-induced platelet activation but also prevented the platelet pro-coagulant state. Here we investigated whether or not PKA/PKG activation could attenuate caspase-dependent apoptosis induced by the anti-cancer drugs ABT-737 (the precursor of navitoclax) and thymoquinone (TQ), thereby potentially limiting chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. This is particularly relevant as activation of cyclic nucleotide signalling in combination chemotherapy is an emerging strategy in cancer treatment. However, PKA/PKG-activation, as monitored by phosphorylation of Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), did not block caspase-3-dependent platelet apoptosis induced by the compounds. In contrast, both substances induced PKA activation themselves and PKA activation correlated with platelet inhibition and apoptosis. Surprisingly, ABT-737- and TQ-induced VASP-phosphorylation was independent of cAMP levels and neither cyclases nor phosphatases were affected by the drugs. In contrast, however, ABT-737- and TQ-induced PKA activation was blocked by caspase-3 inhibitors. In conclusion, we show that ABT-737 and TQ activate PKA in a caspase-3-dependent manner, which correlates with platelet inhibition and apoptosis and therefore potentially contributes to the bleeding risk in chemotherapy patients.
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31
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Hou QL, Ge MY, Zhang CD, Tian DD, Wang LK, Tian HZ, Wang WH, Zhang WD. Adipose tissue-derived stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction in rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:1127-1137. [PMID: 28417342 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically assess the effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ADSC) therapy and its influential factors on the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in rats. METHODS Two authors independently searched for published studies through PubMed and EMBASE from study inception until August 31, 2016. A meta-analysis was used to combine the effect estimate from the published studies. A subgroup analysis was performed to identify the effect of some influential factors. The pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by a fixed-effects or random-effects model analysis. RESULTS Twenty studies with a total of 248 rats were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that ADSC therapy significantly increased the ratio of intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP; SMD 3.46, 95% CI 2.85-4.06; P < 0.001) compared to control therapy. The levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; SMD 6.37, 95% CI 4.35-8.39; P < 0.001), the cavernous smooth muscle content (CSMC; SMD 3.65, 95% CI 2.65-4.65; P < 0.001), the ratio of cavernous smooth muscle and collagen (CSM/collagen; SMD 4.16, 95% CI 2.59-5.72; P < 0.001), and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP; SMD 7.12, 95% CI 2.76-11.48; P = 0.001) were higher following ADSC therapy than following control therapy. Subgroup analysis showed that ADSCs modified by growth or neurotrophic factors significantly recovered erectile function (P < 0.001) compared with ADSC therapy. CONCLUSION The adequate data indicated that ADSC therapy recovered erectile function and regenerated cavernous structures in ED rats, and ADSCs modified by some growth and neurotrophic factors accelerated the recovery of erectile function and cavernous structures in ED rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Liang Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Ying Ge
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Cheng-da Zhang
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lian-Ke Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Zi Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wen-Hua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Heath, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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33
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Nitric oxide signaling in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9483-9497. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7827-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Benz PM, Fleming I. Can erythrocytes release biologically active NO? Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:22. [PMID: 27639852 PMCID: PMC5027109 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, endothelial cells and the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) are the main source of NO in the cardiovascular system. However, several other cell types have also been implicated in the NO-dependent regulation of cell function, including erythrocytes. NO derived from red blood cells has been proposed to regulate erythrocyte membrane fluidity, inhibit platelet activation and induce vasodilation in hypoxic areas, but these proposals are highly controversial. In the current issue of Cell Communication and Signaling, an elegant study by Gambaryan et al., assayed NO production by erythrocytes by monitoring the activation of the platelet intracellular NO receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase, and its downstream kinase protein kinase G. After systematically testing different combinations of erythrocyte/platelet suspensions, the authors found no evidence for platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase/protein kinase G activation by erythrocytes and conclude that erythrocytes do not release biologically active NO to inhibit platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Benz
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Rhine-Main, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Rhine-Main, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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35
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Gambaryan S, Subramanian H, Kehrer L, Mindukshev I, Sudnitsyna J, Reiss C, Rukoyatkina N, Friebe A, Sharina I, Martin E, Walter U. Erythrocytes do not activate purified and platelet soluble guanylate cyclases even in conditions favourable for NO synthesis. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:16. [PMID: 27515066 PMCID: PMC4982240 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Direct interaction between Red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets is known for a long time. The bleeding time is prolonged in anemic patients independent of their platelet count and could be corrected by transfusion of RBCs, which indicates that RBCs play an important role in hemostasis and platelet activation. However, in the last few years, opposing mechanisms of platelet inhibition by RBCs derived nitric oxide (NO) were proposed. The aim of our study was to identify whether RBCs could produce NO and activate soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) in platelets. Methods To test whether RBCs could activate sGC under different conditions (whole blood, under hypoxia, or even loaded with NO), we used our well-established and highly sensitive models of NO-dependent sGC activation in platelets and activation of purified sGC. The activation of sGC was monitored by detecting the phosphorylation of Vasodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASPS239) by flow cytometry and Western blot. ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test and Student’s t-test were used as appropriate. Results We show that in the whole blood, RBCs prevent NO-mediated inhibition of ADP and TRAP6-induced platelet activation. Likewise, coincubation of RBCs with platelets results in strong inhibition of NO-induced sGC activation. Under hypoxic conditions, incubation of RBCs with NO donor leads to Hb-NO formation which inhibits sGC activation in platelets. Similarly, RBCs inhibit activation of purified sGC, even under conditions optimal for RBC-mediated generation of NO from nitrite. Conclusions All our experiments demonstrate that RBCs act as strong NO scavengers and prevent NO-mediated inhibition of activated platelets. In all tested conditions, RBCs were not able to activate platelet or purified sGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Gambaryan
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Grombuehlstraße 12, D-97080, Wuerzburg, Germany. .,Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, St, Petersburg, 194223, Russia. .,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda Kehrer
- Institute of Physiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Igor Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, St, Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Julia Sudnitsyna
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, St, Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Cora Reiss
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, St, Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Iraida Sharina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Emil Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, USA
| | - Ulrich Walter
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
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Protein Kinase G facilitates EGFR-mediated cell death in MDA-MB-468 cells. Exp Cell Res 2016; 346:224-32. [PMID: 27381222 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase with critical implications in cell proliferation, migration, wound healing and the regulation of apoptosis. However, the EGFR has been shown to be hyper-expressed in a number of human malignancies. The MDA-MB-468 metastatic breast cell line is one example of this. This particular cell line hyper-expresses the EGFR and undergoes EGFR-mediated apoptosis in response to EGF ligand. The goal of this study was to identify the kinases that could be potential intermediates for the EGFR-mediated induction of apoptosis intracellularly. After identifying Cyclic GMP-dependent Protein Kinase G (PKG) as a plausible intermediate, we wanted to determine the temporal relationship of these two proteins in the induction of apoptosis. We observed a dose-dependent decrease in MDA-MB-468 cell viability, which was co-incident with increased PKG activity as measured by VASPSer239 phosphorylation. In addition, we observed a dose dependent decrease in cell viability, as well as an increase in apoptosis, in response to two different PKG agonists, 8-Bromo-cGMP and 8-pCPT-cGMP. MDA-MB-468 cells with reduced PKG activity had attenuated EGFR-mediated apoptosis. These findings indicate that PKG does not induce cell death via transphosphorylation of the EGFR. Instead, PKG activity occurs following EGFR activation. Together, these data indicate PKG as an intermediary in EGFR-mediated cell death, likely via apoptotic pathway.
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Chen T, Xu DZ, Li Q, Mou P, Zeng Z, Brass LF, Zhu L. The regulation of Sema4D exodomain shedding by protein kinase A in platelets. Platelets 2016; 27:673-679. [PMID: 27809714 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2016.1154141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that Sema4D expressed on the platelet plasma membrane can be cleaved by the metalloprotease ADAM17, producing a 120-kDa exodomain fragment that retains biological activity and remnant fragments of 24-28 kDa that remain associated with the platelet membrane. This process is modulated by calmodulin. Here we investigated the potential role of protein kinase A (PKA) in these events. Using a pharmacological approach, we now show that inhibition of PKA by H89 is sufficient to induce Sema4D exodomain shedding, while activation of PKA inhibits agonist-initiated shedding. Studies on the regulatory mechanism show that the shedding induced by PKA inhibition is mediated by ADAM17, but, unlike agonist-induced shedding, does not involve the dissociation of calmodulin from the Sema4D cytoplasmic domain. In attempt to identify the cleavage sites for shedding, we found that ADAM17 mediates variable cleavages in the juxtamembrane region. Therefore, our data reveal a potential regulatory mechanism for the shedding of Sema4D in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chen
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - D Z Xu
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Q Li
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - P Mou
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Z Zeng
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - L F Brass
- b Department of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,c Department of Pharmacology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - L Zhu
- a Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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Granger DN, Holm L, Kvietys P. The Gastrointestinal Circulation: Physiology and Pathophysiology. Compr Physiol 2016; 5:1541-83. [PMID: 26140727 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) circulation receives a large fraction of cardiac output and this increases following ingestion of a meal. While blood flow regulation is not the intense phenomenon noted in other vascular beds, the combined responses of blood flow, and capillary oxygen exchange help ensure a level of tissue oxygenation that is commensurate with organ metabolism and function. This is evidenced in the vascular responses of the stomach to increased acid production and in intestine during periods of enhanced nutrient absorption. Complimenting the metabolic vasoregulation is a strong myogenic response that contributes to basal vascular tone and to the responses elicited by changes in intravascular pressure. The GI circulation also contributes to a mucosal defense mechanism that protects against excessive damage to the epithelial lining following ingestion of toxins and/or noxious agents. Profound reductions in GI blood flow are evidenced in certain physiological (strenuous exercise) and pathological (hemorrhage) conditions, while some disease states (e.g., chronic portal hypertension) are associated with a hyperdynamic circulation. The sacrificial nature of GI blood flow is essential for ensuring adequate perfusion of vital organs during periods of whole body stress. The restoration of blood flow (reperfusion) to GI organs following ischemia elicits an exaggerated tissue injury response that reflects the potential of this organ system to generate reactive oxygen species and to mount an inflammatory response. Human and animal studies of inflammatory bowel disease have also revealed a contribution of the vasculature to the initiation and perpetuation of the tissue inflammation and associated injury response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Science Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lena Holm
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Kvietys
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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From bedside to bench--meeting report of the 7th International Conference on cGMP "cGMP: generators, effectors and therapeutic implications" in Trier, Germany, from June 19th to 21st 2015. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1237-46. [PMID: 26486926 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, our knowledge on the physiology, pathophysiology, basic pharmacology, and clinical pharmacology of the second messenger (cGMP) has increased tremendously. It is now well-established that cGMP, generated by soluble and particulate guanylate cyclases, is highly compartmentalized in cells and regulates numerous body functions. New cGMP-regulated physiological functions include meiosis and temperature perception. cGMP is involved in the genesis of numerous pathologies including cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, metabolic, neuropsychiatric, eye, and tumor diseases. Several new clinical uses of stimulators and activators of soluble guanylate cyclase and of phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as heart failure, kidney failure, cognitive disorders, obesity bronchial asthma, and osteoporosis are emerging. The combination of neprilysin inhibitors-enhancing stimulation of the particulate guanylate cyclase pathway by preventing natriuretic peptide degradation-with angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonists constitutes a novel promising strategy for heart failure treatment. The role of oxidative stress in cGMP signaling, application of cGMP sensors, and gene therapy for degenerative eye diseases are emerging topics. It is anticipated that cGMP research will further prosper over the next years and reach out into more and more basic and clinical disciplines.
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Reiss C, Mindukshev I, Bischoff V, Subramanian H, Kehrer L, Friebe A, Stasch JP, Gambaryan S, Walter U. The sGC stimulator riociguat inhibits platelet function in washed platelets but not in whole blood. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5199-210. [PMID: 26282717 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a valuable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of several cardiovascular diseases. The sGC stimulator riociguat has been approved for the treatment of two forms of pulmonary hypertension. Platelets contain large amounts of sGC and play a key role in the regulation of haemostasis. Therefore, we investigated the effects of riociguat on platelet function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of riociguat treatment on human platelet activation and aggregation was investigated. The sGC-specific effects of riociguat were determined by comparing wild-type and platelet-specific sGC-knockout mice. KEY RESULTS Riociguat induced cGMP synthesis and subsequent PKG activation in human platelets, suggesting that the inhibitory effects are mediated by cGMP signalling. This finding was confirmed when sGC-knockout platelets were not inhibited by riociguat. In washed human platelets, 100 nM riociguat reduced ADP-induced GPIIb/IIIa activation, while a 10-fold higher concentration was required to reduce convulxin-stimulated GPIIb/IIIa activation. Riociguat inhibited ADP-induced platelet shape change and aggregation, while ATP-induced shape change remained unaffected. However, in PRP and whole blood, 50-100 μM riociguat was required to inhibit platelet activation and aggregation. Riociguat in combination with iloprost significantly inhibited platelet aggregation, even in whole blood. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Riociguat inhibits platelet activation in whole blood only at concentrations above 50 μM, while the plasma concentrations in riociguat-treated patients are 150 to 500 nM. This finding indicates that riociguat treatment does not affect platelet function in patients. Nevertheless, the possibility that riociguat acts synergistically with iloprost to inhibit platelet activation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reiss
- Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - I Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V Bischoff
- Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H Subramanian
- Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Kehrer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - A Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - J-P Stasch
- Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Cytology and Histology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - U Walter
- Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Gambaryan S, Tsikas D. A review and discussion of platelet nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase: do blood platelets produce nitric oxide from L-arginine or nitrite? Amino Acids 2015; 47:1779-93. [PMID: 25929585 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG system is one of the most powerful mechanisms responsible for platelet inhibition. In numerous publications, expression of functional NO synthase (NOS) in human and mouse platelets has been reported. Constitutive and inducible NOS isoforms convert L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. The importance of this pathway in platelets and in endothelial cells for the regulation of platelet function is discussed since decades. However, there are serious doubts in the literature concerning both expression and functionality of NOS in platelets. In this review, we aim to present and critically evaluate recent data concerning NOS expression and function in platelets, and to especially emphasise potential pitfalls of detection of NOS proteins and measurement of NOS activity. Prevailing analytical problems are probably the main sources of contradictory data on occurrence, activity and function of NOS in platelets. In this review we also address issues of how these problems can be resolved. NO donors including organic nitrites (RONO) and organic nitrate (RONO2) are inhibitors of platelet activation. Endogenous inorganic nitrite (NO2 (-)), the product of NO autoxidation, and exogenous inorganic nitrite are increasingly investigated as NO donors in the circulation. The role of platelets in the generation of NO from nitrite is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Prosp, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia,
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42
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Kim T, Folcher M, Charpin-El Hamri G, Fussenegger M. A synthetic cGMP-sensitive gene switch providing Viagra(®)-controlled gene expression in mammalian cells and mice. Metab Eng 2015; 29:169-179. [PMID: 25843350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a universal second messenger that is synthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by guanylyl cyclases (GCs) and hydrolyzed into guanosine monophosphate (GMP) by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Small-molecule drugs that induce high cGMP levels in specialized tissues by boosting GC activity or inhibiting PDE activity have become the predominant treatment strategy for a wide range of medical conditions, including congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis-based claudication and erectile dysfunction. By fusing the cGMP receptor protein (CRP) of Rhodospirillum centenum to the Herpes simplex-derived transactivation domain VP16, we created a novel synthetic mammalian cGMP-sensing transcription factor (GTA) that activates synthetic promoters (PGTA) containing newly identified GTA-specific operator sites in a concentration-dependent manner. In cell lines expressing endogenous natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) (HeLa), GTA/PGTA-driven transgene expression was induced by B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP; Nesiritide(®)) in a concentration-dependent manner, which activated NPR-A׳s intracellular GC domain and triggered a corresponding cGMP surge. Ectopic expression of NPR-A in NPR-A-negative cell lines (HEK-293T) produced high cGMP levels and mediated maximum GTA/PGTA-driven transgene expression, which was suppressed by co-expression of PDEs (PDE-3A, PDE-5A and PDE-9A) and was re-triggered by the corresponding PDE inhibitor drugs (Pletal(®), Perfan(®), Primacor(®) (PDE-3A), Viagra(®), Levitra(®), Cialis(®) (PDE-5A) and BAY73-6691 (PDE-9A)). Mice implanted with microencapsulated designer cells co-expressing the GTA/PGTA device with NPR-A and PDE-5A showed control of blood SEAP levels through administration of sildenafil (Viagra(®)). Designer cells engineered for PDE inhibitor-modulated transgene expression may provide a cell-based PDE-targeting drug discovery platform and enable drug-adjusted gene- and cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeuk Kim
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Folcher
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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Ku HC, Lee SY, Chen CH, Wang YH, Lin CT, Lee SS, Li TH, Su MJ. TM-1-1DP exerts protective effect against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via AKT-eNOS pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:539-48. [PMID: 25672911 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease remains a leading cause of death in the world. The demand on targeting therapy to reduce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is still urgent. The pathogenesis of I/R-induced myocardial injury is complicated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammatory response activation participate in the development of I/R injury. Cell death occurs and finally leads to myocardial infarction. A newly phenolic aporphine alkaloid derivative, TM-1-1DP, was synthesized in our team. We aimed to investigate the effect of novel compound on myocardial I/R injury. Rats were subjected to 1-h coronary artery occlusion and followed by 2-h reperfusion. Adult rat cardimoycyte was isolated for the cell study, and H2O2 was added into culture medium to induce ROS stress. As compared to the sham group, TM-1-1DP-treated rats had better cardiac performance in association with less infarct size and cardiac injury markers after myocardial I/R. The protective effect is associated with the inhibition of inflammatory response, cell death-related pathway (caspase-3 and TNF-α), and the activation of AKT-eNOS pathway. The finding was further coincided with the cell study. TM-1-1DP treatment significantly alleviated ROS production and improved cell viability in cardiomyocyte after H2O2 exposure. The action of TM-1-1DP is via a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent manner, since NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, abolished the protective effect. We provide a new insight into this therapeutic potential for phenolic aporphine alkaloid in myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chun Ku
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee DH, Kim HH, Cho HJ, Yu YB, Kang HC, Kim JL, Lee JJ, Park HJ. Cordycepin-Enriched WIB801C from Cordyceps militaris Inhibits Collagen-Induced [Ca(2+)]i Mobilization via cAMP-Dependent Phosphorylation of Inositol 1, 4, 5-Trisphosphate Receptor in Human Platelets. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:223-31. [PMID: 25009703 PMCID: PMC4060073 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared cordycepin-enriched (CE)-WIB801C, a n-butanol extract of Cordyceps militaris-hypha, and investigated the effect of CE-WIB801C on collagen-induced human platelet aggregation. CE-WIB801C dose-dependently inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, and its IC50 value was 175 μg/ml. CE-WIB801C increased cAMP level more than cGMP level, but inhibited collagen-elevated [Ca2+]i mobilization and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) production. cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS increased the CE-WIB801C-downregulated [Ca2+]i level in a dose dependent manner, and strongly inhibited CE-WIB801C-induced inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) phosphorylation. These results suggest that the inhibition of [Ca2+]i mobilization by CE-WIB801C is resulted from the cAMP/A-kinase-dependent phosphorylation of IP3R. CE-WIB801C suppressed TXA2 production, but did not inhibit the activities of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and TXA2 synthase (TXAS). These results suggest that the inhibition of TXA2 production by WIB801C is not resulted from the direct inhibition of COX-1 and TXAS. In this study, we demonstrate that CE-WIB801C with cAMP-dependent Ca2+-antagonistic antiplatelet effects may have preventive or therapeutic potential for platelet aggregation-mediated diseases, such as thrombosis, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749
| | - Hyun-Hong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749
| | - Hyun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 302-718
| | - Young-Bin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 302-718
| | - Hyo-Chan Kang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan 614-715
| | - Jong-Lae Kim
- Bioscience & Biotechnology Team, Central Research Center, Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-766, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jin Lee
- Bioscience & Biotechnology Team, Central Research Center, Whanin Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-766, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749
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Lee DH, Kwon HW, Kim HH, Lim DH, Nam GS, Shin JH, Kim YY, Kim JL, Lee JJ, Kwon HK, Park HJ. Cordycepin-enriched WIB801C from Cordyceps militaris inhibits ADP-induced [Ca(2+)] i mobilization and fibrinogen binding via phosphorylation of IP 3R and VASP. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:81-97. [PMID: 25001901 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of cordycepin-enriched (CE)-WIB801C from Cordyceps militaris on ADP (20 µM)-stimulated platelet aggregation. CE-WIB801C dose-dependently inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and its IC50 value was 18.5 μg/mL. CE-WIB801C decreased TXA2 production, but did not inhibit the activities of COX-1 and thromboxane synthase (TXAS) in ADP-activated platelets, which suggests that the inhibition of TXA2 production by CE-WIB801C is not resulted from the direct inhibition of COX-1 and TXAS. CE-WIB801C inhibited ATP release and [Ca(2+)]i mobilization, and increased cAMP level and IP3RI (Ser(1756)) phosphorylation in ADP-activated platelets. cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS increased CE-WIB801C-inhibited [Ca(2+)]i mobilization, and strongly inhibited CE-WIB801C-increased IP3RI (Ser(1756)) phosphorylation. CE-WIB801C elevated the phosphorylation of VASP (Ser(157)), an A-kinase substrate, but inhibited fibrinogen binding to αIIb/β3. These results suggest that CE-WIB801C-elevated cAMP involved in IP3RI (Ser(1756)) phosphorylation to inhibit [Ca(2+)]i mobilization and, VASP (Ser(157)) phosphorylation to inhibit αIIb/β3 activation. Therefore, in this study, we demonstrate that CE-WIB801C may have a preventive or therapeutic potential for platelet aggregation-mediated diseases, such as thrombosis, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, 197, Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyungnam, 621-749, Republic of Korea
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Arginase as a target for treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 720:121-3. [PMID: 24183975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two distinct enzymes of arginase (1 and 2) are critically regulating nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by competing with NO synthase for their common substrate l-arginine. Increased expression and activity of arginase is observed in atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Several studies have demonstrated a key pathophysiological role of increased activity of arginase during I/R. Pharmacological inhibition of arginase results in restoration of NO availability and salvage of myocardium during I/R. Arginase inhibition might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the limitation of myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction. Current understanding of the role of arginase and efficacy of arginase inhibition during myocardial I/R is reviewed in the present article.
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Differential regulation of platelet inhibition by cGMP- and cAMP-dependent protein kinases. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2013. [PMCID: PMC3765619 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-14-s1-p69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Subramanian H, Zahedi RP, Sickmann A, Walter U, Gambaryan S. Phosphorylation of CalDAG-GEFI by protein kinase A prevents Rap1b activation. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:1574-82. [PMID: 23611601 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signaling via protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase G (PKG) is critical for maintaining platelets in the resting state. Both kinases down-regulate the activity of the small GTPase Rap1b, a critical signaling switch for integrin activation and platelet aggregation. However, the mechanism of Rap1b regulation by PKA and PKG is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify the PKA phosphorylation sites in calcium and diacylglycerol-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor I (CalDAG-GEFI), the main GEF for Rap1b in platelets, and the effect of CalDAG-GEFI phosphorylation in Rap1b activation. METHODS The phosphorylation sites in CalDAG-GEFI were identified by radio-active phosphate incorporation assay and mass spectrometry. Phospho-antibody was developed to detect CalDAG-GEFI phosphorylation in Western blots. Rap1b activation was detected by Rap1-GTP pull-down assay. RESULTS S587 was identified as the major PKA phosphorylation site in CalDAG-GEFI, while S116/117 was weakly phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of S587 correlated with the inhibitory effect of PKA on Rap1b activation in platelets. In HEK293 cells, expression of a phospho-mimetic mutant of CalDAG-GEFI (S587D) abolished agonist-induced Rap1b activation. Mutation of S587 to alanine partially reversed the inhibitory effect of PKA signaling on Rap1b activation, while mutation of S116, S117 and S587 to alanine completely abolished the inhibitory effect of PKA on Rap1b activation. CONCLUSION Our study strongly suggests that phosphorylation of CalDAG-GEFI is a critical mechanism by which PKA controls Rap1b-dependent platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Subramanian
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Tratsiakovich Y, Thomas Gonon A, Krook A, Yang J, Shemyakin A, Sjöquist PO, Pernow J. Arginase inhibition reduces infarct size via nitric oxide, protein kinase C epsilon and mitochondrial ATP-dependent K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 712:16-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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50
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Gambaryan S, Subramanian H, Rukoyatkina N, Herterich S, Walter U. Soluble guanylyl cyclase is the only enzyme responsible for cyclic guanosine monophosphate synthesis in human platelets. Thromb Haemost 2013; 109:973-5. [PMID: 23467662 DOI: 10.1160/th12-12-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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