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Effects of the Powder from Hoggery Desulfurization Tanks on the Salinity Resistance of Lettuce. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070868. [PMID: 35406849 PMCID: PMC9003075 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lettuce is an important vegetable cultivated worldwide, even in regions with highly saline soils. A large amount of research discusses the application of sulfur on the increase of antioxidation in plants. The powder from hoggery desulfurization tanks contained high amounts of sulfur and small amounts of other nutrients for plants. This powder can be added to liquid fertilizer to create high-sulfur liquid fertilizer (HSLF). This study observed the cell morphologies of lettuce root apices under salt stress after the application of HSLF. Lettuce plants were cultivated in hydroponic solutions containing one of two NaCl (0 and 40 mM) and three HSLF (0.0, 1.5, and 3.0 g L−1) concentrations. Salinity reduced the K+/Na+ ratio in the plant leaves; however, this reduction was smaller in the HSLF-treated plants. Except for phosphate and potassium, nutrient absorption is inhibited under conditions of high salinity. Using scanning electron microscopy, we observed apices more integrated on cell roots after increasing HSLF supplement under non-salt-stressed conditions. In addition, the cells were repaired after increasing the supplement of HSLF under the condition of 40 mM NaCl. Although salt stress reduced plant growth, the reductions were minimized in the HSLF-treated plants. The application of HSLF potentially alleviated salt injury in lettuce root apices and was probably associated with the improvement of phosphorus and potassium absorption and increasing K+/Na+ ratios in lettuce plants.
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Mustafa A, Athar F, Khan I, Chattha MU, Nawaz M, Shah AN, Mahmood A, Batool M, Aslam MT, Jaremko M, Abdelsalam NR, Ghareeb RY, Hassan MU. Improving crop productivity and nitrogen use efficiency using sulfur and zinc-coated urea: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942384. [PMID: 36311059 PMCID: PMC9614435 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important macro-nutrient required for crop production and is considered an important commodity for agricultural systems. Urea is a vital source of N that is used widely across the globe to meet crop N requirements. However, N applied in the form of urea is mostly lost in soil, posing serious economic and environmental issues. Therefore, different approaches such as the application of urea coated with different substances are used worldwide to reduce N losses. Urea coating is considered an imperative approach to enhance crop production and reduce the corresponding nitrogen losses along with its impact on the environment. In addition, given the serious food security challenges in meeting the current and future demands for food, the best agricultural management strategy to enhance food production have led to methods that involve coating urea with different nutrients such as sulfur (S) and zinc (Zn). Coated urea has a slow-release mechanism and remains in the soil for a longer period to meet the demand of crop plants and increases nitrogen use efficiency, growth, yield, and grain quality. These nutrient-coated urea reduce nitrogen losses (volatilization, leaching, and N2O) and save the environment from degradation. Sulfur and zinc-coated urea also reduce nutrient deficiencies and have synergetic effects with other macro and micronutrients in the crop. This study discusses the dynamics of sulfur and zinc-coated urea in soil, their impact on crop production, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), the residual and toxic effects of coated urea, and the constraints of adopting coated fertilizers. Additionally, we also shed light on agronomic and molecular approaches to enhance NUE for better crop productivity to meet food security challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Mustafa
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Athar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Adnan Noor Shah
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Batool
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
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Ren Z, Wang RY, Huang XY, Wang Y. Sulfur Compounds in Regulation of Stomatal Movement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:846518. [PMID: 35360293 PMCID: PMC8963490 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.846518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur, widely present in the soil and atmosphere, is one of the essential elements for plants. Sulfate is a dominant form of sulfur in soils taken up by plant roots. In addition to the assimilation into sulfur compounds essential for plant growth and development, it has been reported recently that sulfate as well as other sulfur containing compounds can also induce stomatal movement. Here, we first summarized the uptake and transport of sulfate and atmospheric sulfur, including H2O and SO2, and then, focused on the effects of inorganic and organic sulfur on stomatal movement. We concluded all the transporters for different sulfur compounds, and compared the expression level of those transporters in guard cells and mesophyll cells. The relationship between abscisic acid and sulfur compounds in regulation of stomatal movement were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Ren
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Yuan Huang,
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Yin Wang,
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Tan Q, Zhang L, Grant J, Cooper P, Tegeder M. Increased phloem transport of S-methylmethionine positively affects sulfur and nitrogen metabolism and seed development in pea plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 154:1886-96. [PMID: 20923886 PMCID: PMC2996030 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.166389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Seeds of grain legumes are important energy and food sources for humans and animals. However, the yield and quality of legume seeds are limited by the amount of sulfur (S) partitioned to the seeds. The amino acid S-methylmethionine (SMM), a methionine derivative, has been proposed to be an important long-distance transport form of reduced S, and we analyzed whether SMM phloem loading and source-sink translocation are important for the metabolism and growth of pea (Pisum sativum) plants. Transgenic plants were produced in which the expression of a yeast SMM transporter, S-Methylmethionine Permease1 (MMP1, YLL061W), was targeted to the phloem and seeds. Phloem exudate analysis showed that concentrations of SMM are elevated in MMP1 plants, suggesting increased phloem loading. Furthermore, expression studies of genes involved in S transport and metabolism in source organs, as well as xylem sap analyses, support that S uptake and assimilation are positively affected in MMP1 roots. Concomitantly, nitrogen (N) assimilation in root and leaf and xylem amino acid profiles were changed, resulting in increased phloem loading of amino acids. When investigating the effects of increased S and N phloem transport on seed metabolism, we found that protein levels were improved in MMP1 seeds. In addition, changes in SMM phloem loading affected plant growth and seed number, leading to an overall increase in seed S, N, and protein content in MMP1 plants. Together, these results suggest that phloem loading and source-sink partitioning of SMM are important for plant S and N metabolism and transport as well as seed set.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (Q.T., L.Z., M.T.); New Zealand Institute of Plant and Food Research, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand (J.G., P.C.)
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