1
|
Development and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a Novel Wheat-Rye T6RS.6AL Translocation Line from Secale cereale L. Qinling with Resistance to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810495. [PMID: 36142406 PMCID: PMC9502444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel T6RS.6AL translocation line, 117-6, was selected from a cross between common Chuannong25 (CN25) wheat and Qinling rye. The results of nondenaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) and PCR showed that 117-6 contained two T6RS.6AL translocation chromosomes. The distal region of the 6RS chromosome in 117-6 was mutant and showed different FISH signal patterns. When inoculated with different stripe rust races and powdery mildew races in seedlings, 117-6 expressed high resistance to them. The 117-6 line also exhibited high resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew in the field under natural Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) infection. The cytogenetic analysis indicated that the introduction of 6RS conferred resistance ability. Compared with wheat parent CN25, 117-6 exhibited excellent agronomic traits in the field. The present study indicated that Qinling rye may carry favorite genes as a potential source for wheat genetic improvement, and 117-6 could be a useful germplasm for wheat breeding programs in the future.
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Tan B, Yang Y, Zhang X, Zhu W, Xu L, Wang Y, Zeng J, Fan X, Sha L, Zhang H, Wu D, Ma J, Chen G, Zhou Y, Kang H. Genetic diversity of Asian and European common wheat lines assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genome 2021; 64:959-968. [PMID: 33852810 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2020-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic diversity of wheat is important for wheat breeding and improvement. However, there have been limited attempts to evaluate wheat diversity using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In this study, the chromosomal structures of 149 wheat accessions from 13 countries located between the latitudes of 30°N and 45°N, the principal growing region for wheat, were characterized using FISH with pTa535 and pSc119.2 probes. The ranges of the numbers of FISH types in the A-, B-, and D-genome chromosomes were 2-8, 3-7, and 2-4, respectively, and the average numbers in the A and B genomes were greater than in the D genome. Chromosomal translocations were detected by these probes, and previously undescribed translocations were also observed. Using the FISH, the genetic relationships among the 149 common wheat lines were divided into three groups (G1, G2, and G3). G1 mainly consisted of southern European lines, G2 consisted of most lines from Japan and some lines from western Asia, China, and Korea, and G3 consisted of the other lines from southern Europe and most of the lines from western Asia, China, and Korea. FISH karyotypes of wheat chromosomes distinguished chromosomal structural variations, revealing the genetic diversity among wheat varieties. Furthermore, these results provide valuable information for the further genetic improvement of wheat in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Binwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lina Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Houyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zwyrtková J, Šimková H, Doležel J. Chromosome genomics uncovers plant genome organization and function. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 46:107659. [PMID: 33259907 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The identification of causal genomic loci and their interactions underlying various traits in plants has been greatly aided by progress in understanding the organization of the nuclear genome. This provides clues to the responses of plants to environmental stimuli at the molecular level. Apart from other uses, these insights are needed to fully explore the potential of new breeding techniques that rely on genome editing. However, genome analysis and sequencing is not straightforward in the many agricultural crops and their wild relatives that possess large and complex genomes. Chromosome genomics streamlines this task by dissecting the genome to single chromosomes whose DNA is then used instead of nuclear DNA. This results in a massive and lossless reduction in DNA sample complexity, reduces the time and cost of the experiment, and simplifies data interpretation. Flow cytometric sorting of condensed mitotic chromosomes makes it possible to purify single chromosomes in large quantities, and as the DNA remains intact this process can be coupled successfully with many techniques in molecular biology and genomics. Since the first experiments with flow cytometric sorting in the late 1980s, numerous applications have been developed, and chromosome genomics has been having a significant impact in many areas of research, including the sequencing of complex genomes of important crops and gene cloning. This review discusses these applications, describes their contribution to advancements in plant genome analysis and gene cloning, and outlines future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zwyrtková
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Šimková
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ren T, Tang Z, Fu S, Yan B, Tan F, Ren Z, Li Z. Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Novel Wheat-rye T1RS.1BL Translocation Lines with High Resistance to Diseases and Great Agronomic Traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:799. [PMID: 28555152 PMCID: PMC5430056 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Rye has been used worldwide as a source for the genetic improvement of wheat. In this study, two stable wheat-rye primary T1RS.1BL translocation lines were selected from the progeny of the crossing of the wheat cultivar Mianyang11-1 and a Chinese local rye variety, Weining. These two novel translocation lines were identified by molecular cytogenetic analysis. PCR results, multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (MC-FISH), and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) indicated that both new translocation lines harbor a pair of T1RS.1BL translocation chromosomes, and have been named RT828-10 and RT828-11, respectively. The cytogenetic results also indicated that the pSc119.2 signals of 5AL were absent in both lines along with the pSc119.2 signals of 4AL of RT828-11. When inoculated with different stripe rust and powdery mildew isolates, both lines expressed high resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici pathotypes, which are prevalent in China and are virulent on Yr9 and Pm8. The line RT828-11 also exhibited excellent agronomic traits in the field. The present study indicates that this rye variety may carry untapped variations that could potentially be used for wheat improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianheng Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Shulan Fu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Benju Yan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Feiquan Tan
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Zhenglong Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural UniversitySichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Z, Ren Z, Tan F, Tang Z, Fu S, Yan B, Ren T. Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of New Wheat-Rye 1R(1B) Substitution and Translocation Lines from a Chinese Secale cereal L. Aigan with Resistance to Stripe Rust. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163642. [PMID: 27668423 PMCID: PMC5036889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secale cereale L. has been used worldwide as a source of genes for agronomic and resistance improvement. In this study, a stable wheat-rye substitution line and 3 primary 1RS.1BL translocation lines were selected from the progeny of the crossing of the Chinese local rye Aigan variety and wheat cultivar Mianyang11. The substitution and translocation lines were identified by molecular cytogenetic analysis. PCR results, fluorescence in situ hybridization and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that there were a pair of 1R chromosomes in the substitution line which have been named RS1200-3, and a pair of 1RS.1BL translocation chromosomes in the other 3 translocation lines, which have been named RT1163-4, RT1217-1, and RT1249. When inoculated with stripe rust isolates, these 4 lines expressed high resistance to several Puccinia striiformis f. sp Tritici pathotypes that are virulent on Yr9. Moreover, the different response pattern of resistance among them suggested that the diversity of resistance genes for wheat stripe rust exists in the rye. These 4 lines also showed better agronomic performances than their wheat parent. The GS indices also showed the genetic diversity of the 1RS which derived from same rye variety. The present study indicates that rye cultivars may carry untapped variations that could potentially be used for wheat improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhenglong Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Feiquan Tan
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shulan Fu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Benju Yan
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Tianheng Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A Mutant with Expression Deletion of Gene Sec-1 in a 1RS.1BL Line and Its Effect on Production Quality of Wheat. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146943. [PMID: 26765323 PMCID: PMC4713230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosome arm 1RS of rye (Secale cereal L.) has been used worldwide as a source of genes for agronomic and resistant improvement. However, the 1RS arm in wheat has end-use quality defects that are partially attributable to the presence of ω-secalins, which are encoded by genes at the Sec-1 locus. Various attempts in removing the Sec-1 genes from the 1RS.1BL translocation chromosome have been made. In the present study, two new primary 1RS.1BL translocation lines, T917-26 and T917-15, were developed from a cross between wheat variety "A42912" and Chinese local rye "Weining." The lines T917-15 and T917-26 carried a pair of intact and homogeneous 1RS.1BL chromosomes. The line T917-26 also harbored an expression deletion of some genes at the Sec-1 locus, which originated from a mutation that occurred simultaneously with wheat-rye chromosome translocations. These results suggest that the accompanying mutations of the evolutionarily significant translocations are remarkable resources for plant improvement. Comparison of translocation lines with its wheat parent showed improvements in the end-use quality parameters, which included protein content (PC), water absorption (WA), sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation (SDSS), wet gluten (WG), dry gluten (DG) and dough stickiness (DS), whereas significant reduction in gluten index (GI) and stability time (ST) were observed. These findings indicate that 1RS in wheat has produced a higher amount of protein, although these comprised worse compositions. However, in the T917-26 line that harbored an expression deletion mutation in the Sec-1 genes, the quality parameters were markedly improved relative to its sister line, T917-15, especially for GI and DS (P < 0.05). These results indicated that expression deletion of Sec-1 genes significantly improves the end-use quality of wheat cultivars harboring the 1RS.1BL translocation. Strategies to remove the Sec-1 genes from the 1RS.1BL translocation in wheat improvement are discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Monteiro F, Vidigal P, Barros AB, Monteiro A, Oliveira HR, Viegas W. Genetic Distinctiveness of Rye In situ Accessions from Portugal Unveils a New Hotspot of Unexplored Genetic Resources. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1334. [PMID: 27630658 PMCID: PMC5006150 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a cereal crop of major importance in many parts of Europe and rye breeders are presently very concerned with the restrict pool of rye genetic resources available. Such narrowing of rye genetic diversity results from the presence of "Petkus" pool in most modern rye varieties as well as "Petkus" × "Carsten" heterotic pool in hybrid rye breeding programs. Previous studies on rye's genetic diversity revealed moreover a common genetic background on landraces (ex situ) and cultivars, regardless of breeding level or geographical origin. Thus evaluation of in situ populations is of utmost importance to unveil "on farm" diversity, which is largely undervalued. Here, we perform the first comprehensive assessment of rye's genetic diversity and population structuring using cultivars, ex situ landraces along a comprehensive sampling of in situ accessions from Portugal, through a molecular-directed analysis using SSRs markers. Rye genetic diversity and population structure analysis does not present any geographical trend but disclosed marked differences between genetic backgrounds of in situ accessions and those of cultivars/ex situ collections. Such genetic distinctiveness of in situ accessions highlights their unexplored potential as new genetic resources, which can be used to boost rye breeding strategies and the production of new varieties. Overall, our study successfully demonstrates the high prospective impact of comparing genetic diversity and structure of cultivars, ex situ, and in situ samples in ascertaining the status of plant genetic resources (PGR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Monteiro
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Filipa Monteiro
| | - Patrícia Vidigal
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - André B. Barros
- Colégio F3 Food, Farming and Forestry, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Monteiro
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo R. Oliveira
- Plant Biology/Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of ManchesterManchester, UK
| | - Wanda Viegas
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Luo G, Liu D, Wang D, Yang W, Sun J, Zhang A, Zhan K. Genome-, Transcriptome- and Proteome-Wide Analyses of the Gliadin Gene Families in Triticum urartu. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131559. [PMID: 26132381 PMCID: PMC4489009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliadins are the major components of storage proteins in wheat grains, and they play an essential role in the dough extensibility and nutritional quality of flour. Because of the large number of the gliadin family members, the high level of sequence identity, and the lack of abundant genomic data for Triticum species, identifying the full complement of gliadin family genes in hexaploid wheat remains challenging. Triticum urartu is a wild diploid wheat species and considered the A-genome donor of polyploid wheat species. The accession PI428198 (G1812) was chosen to determine the complete composition of the gliadin gene families in the wheat A-genome using the available draft genome. Using a PCR-based cloning strategy for genomic DNA and mRNA as well as a bioinformatics analysis of genomic sequence data, 28 gliadin genes were characterized. Of these genes, 23 were α-gliadin genes, three were γ-gliadin genes and two were ω-gliadin genes. An RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) survey of the dynamic expression patterns of gliadin genes revealed that their synthesis in immature grains began prior to 10 days post-anthesis (DPA), peaked at 15 DPA and gradually decreased at 20 DPA. The accumulation of proteins encoded by 16 of the expressed gliadin genes was further verified and quantified using proteomic methods. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the homologs of these α-gliadin genes were present in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, which was consistent with T. urartu being the A-genome progenitor species. This study presents a systematic investigation of the gliadin gene families in T. urartu that spans the genome, transcriptome and proteome, and it provides new information to better understand the molecular structure, expression profiles and evolution of the gliadin genes in T. urartu and common wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| | - Kehui Zhan
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Luo G, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yang W, Li Y, Sun J, Zhan K, Zhang A, Liu D. Composition, variation, expression and evolution of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes in Triticum urartu. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:68. [PMID: 25849991 PMCID: PMC4364320 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat (AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42) is a major dietary component for many populations across the world. Bread-making quality of wheat is mainly determined by glutenin subunits, but it remains challenging to elucidate the composition and variation of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) genes, the major components for glutenin subunits in hexaploid wheat. This problem, however, can be greatly simplified by characterizing the LMW-GS genes in Triticum urartu, the A-genome donor of hexaploid wheat. In the present study, we exploited the high-throughput molecular marker system, gene cloning, proteomic methods and molecular evolutionary genetic analysis to reveal the composition, variation, expression and evolution of LMW-GS genes in a T. urartu population from the Fertile Crescent region. RESULTS Eight LMW-GS genes, including four m-type, one s-type and three i-type, were characterized in the T. urartu population. Six or seven genes, the highest number at the Glu-A3 locus, were detected in each accession. Three i-type genes, each containing more than six allelic variants, were tightly linked because of their co-segregation in every accession. Only 2-3 allelic variants were detected for each m- and s-type gene. The m-type gene, TuA3-385, for which homologs were previously characterized only at Glu-D3 locus in common wheat and Aegilops tauschii, was detected at Glu-A3 locus in T. urartu. TuA3-460 was the first s-type gene identified at Glu-A3 locus. Proteomic analysis showed 1-4 genes, mainly i-type, expressed in individual accessions. About 62% accessions had three active i-type genes, rather than one or two in common wheat. Southeastern Turkey might be the center of origin and diversity for T. urartu due to its abundance of LMW-GS genes/genotypes. Phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrated that the characterized T. urartu might be the direct donor of the Glu-A3 locus in common wheat varieties. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the Glu-A3 locus in common wheat, a large number of highly diverse LMW-GS genes and active genes were characterized in T. urartu, demonstrating that this progenitor might provide valuable genetic resources for LMW-GS genes to improve the quality of common wheat. The phylogenetic analysis provided molecular evidence and confirmed that T. urartu was the A-genome donor of hexaploid wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbin Luo
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />Present address: Department of Agronomy & Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 1991 Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Yiwen Li
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Kehui Zhan
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
- />College of Agronomy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- />State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100101 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song WF, Ding HY, Zhang XM, Li JL, Xiao ZM, Xin WL, Song QJ, Zhao HB, Zhang YB, Zhang CL. Cytogenetic and molecular identification of small-segment chromosome translocation lines from wheat-rye substitution lines to create wheat germplasm with beneficial traits. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:8-13. [PMID: 26019483 PMCID: PMC4434136 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.901689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intergeneric crop plant hybrid lines with small-segment chromosome translocations are very useful in plant genetic research and breeding. In this study, to create small-segment chromosome translocations with beneficial agronomic characters, the progeny of wheat-rye substitution lines 5R/5A and 6R/6A were selected from generations F2 to F5 for rye-specific characteristics. A PCR primer and specific simple sequence repeat marker for rye were used in F5 populations to detect rye chromatin and to amplify a specific chromosome band in six translocation lines (06-6-5, 06-6-6, 06-6-9, 6-26-1, 7-23, and 7-33). Fragment pSc119.1 cloned from 7-33 had 99% homology with the big ear gene sequence (GenBank AF512607.1) in wheat. The six lines were further characterized via pollen mother cell meiosis analysis for genetic stability, and chromosome C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization for rye chromatin. The results show that line 7-33 was still within the 5R/5A substitution lines and possessed the big ear gene. The other lines all contained small-segment rye chromosome translocations. The results indicated that substitution line hybridization is an effective method for creating small-segment chromosome translocations with useful agronomic traits. Trials for these six wheat-rye translocation lines are justified because they possess many important stably-inherited agronomic characters, including disease resistance and improved yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fu Song
- Harbin Normal University, Biology Department, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Ding
- Daqing Normal University, School of Life Science, Daqing, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Harbin Normal University, Biology Department, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Lin Li
- Harbin Normal University, Biology Department, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Xiao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Li Xin
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jie Song
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bin Zhao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bin Zhang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Breeding Institute, Harbin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Endo TR, Saito M, Ishikawa G, Nakamura T, Nasuda S. Homoeologous relationship of rye chromosome arms as detected with wheat PLUG markers. Chromosoma 2013; 122:555-64. [PMID: 23873186 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-013-0428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Based on the similarity in gene structure between rice and wheat, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based landmark unique gene (PLUG) system enabled us to design primer sets that amplify wheat genic sequences including introns. From the previously reported wheat PLUG markers, we chose 144 markers that are distributed on different chromosomes and in known chromosomal regions (bins) to obtain rye-specific PCR-based markers. We conducted PCR with the 144 primer sets and the template of the Imperial rye genomic DNA and found that 131 (91.0%) primer sets successfully amplified PCR products. Of the 131 PLUG markers, 110 (76.4%) markers showed rye-specific PCR amplification with or without restriction enzyme digestion. We assigned 79 of the 110 markers to seven rye chromosomes (1R to 7R) using seven wheat-rye (cv. Imperial) chromosome addition and substitution lines: 12 to 1R, 8 to 2R, 11 to 3R, 8 to 4R, 16 to 5R, 12 to 6R, and 12 to 7R. Furthermore, we located their positions on the short or long (L) chromosome arm, using 13 Imperial rye telosomic lines of common wheat (except for 3RL). Referring to the chromosome bin locations of the 79 PLUG markers in wheat, we deduced the syntenic relationships between rye and wheat chromosomes. We also discussed chromosomal rearrangements in the rye genome with reference to the cytologically visible chromosomal gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Li
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deynze AE, Nelson JC, Sorrells ME, McCouch SR, Dubcovsky J, Dvorák J, Gill KS, Gill BS, Lagudah ES, Appels R. Molecular-genetic maps for group 1 chromosomes of Triticeae species and their relation to chromosomes in rice and oat. Genome 2012; 38:45-59. [PMID: 18470151 DOI: 10.1139/g95-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Group 1 chromosomes of the Triticeae tribe have been studied extensively because many important genes have been assigned to them. In this paper, chromosome 1 linkage maps of Triticum aestivum, T. tauschii, and T. monococcum are compared with existing barley and rye maps to develop a consensus map for Triticeae species and thus facilitate the mapping of agronomic genes in this tribe. The consensus map that was developed consists of 14 agronomically important genes, 17 DNA markers that were derived from known-function clones, and 76 DNA markers derived from anonymous clones. There are 12 inconsistencies in the order of markers among seven wheat, four barley, and two rye maps. A comparison of the Triticeae group 1 chromosome consensus map with linkage maps of homoeologous chromosomes in rice indicates that the linkage maps for the long arm and the proximal portion of the short arm of group 1 chromosomes are conserved among these species. Similarly, gene order is conserved between Triticeae chromosome 1 and its homoeologous chromosome in oat. The location of the centromere in rice and oat chromosomes is estimated from its position in homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of Triticeae.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wanous MK, Goicoechea PG, Gustafson JP. RFLP maps of rye chromosomes 6R and 7R including terminal C-bands. Genome 2012; 38:999-1004. [PMID: 18470222 DOI: 10.1139/g95-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A F2 mapping population was created from a cross between 'UC-90' and E-line ryes (Secale cereale L.), two lines that showed polymorphism for eight C-band loci. Clones from rye, as well as other grasses, were used as probes. RFLP maps of rye chromosomes 6R and 7R were generated that include the 6RS and 6RL terminal C-bands and the 7RS terminal C-band. The 6R map spans 230 cM and includes 9 loci. The 7R map covers 225 cM and includes 21 loci. Segregation distortion was detected for several chromosomal regions. Heterochromatic C-bands did not appear to be responsible for the distortion.
Collapse
|
14
|
Fluch S, Kopecky D, Burg K, Šimková H, Taudien S, Petzold A, Kubaláková M, Platzer M, Berenyi M, Krainer S, Doležel J, Lelley T. Sequence composition and gene content of the short arm of rye (Secale cereale) chromosome 1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30784. [PMID: 22328922 PMCID: PMC3273464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the study is to elucidate the sequence composition of the short arm of rye chromosome 1 (Secale cereale) with special focus on its gene content, because this portion of the rye genome is an integrated part of several hundreds of bread wheat varieties worldwide. Methodology/Principal Findings Multiple Displacement Amplification of 1RS DNA, obtained from flow sorted 1RS chromosomes, using 1RS ditelosomic wheat-rye addition line, and subsequent Roche 454FLX sequencing of this DNA yielded 195,313,589 bp sequence information. This quantity of sequence information resulted in 0.43× sequence coverage of the 1RS chromosome arm, permitting the identification of genes with estimated probability of 95%. A detailed analysis revealed that more than 5% of the 1RS sequence consisted of gene space, identifying at least 3,121 gene loci representing 1,882 different gene functions. Repetitive elements comprised about 72% of the 1RS sequence, Gypsy/Sabrina (13.3%) being the most abundant. More than four thousand simple sequence repeat (SSR) sites mostly located in gene related sequence reads were identified for possible marker development. The existence of chloroplast insertions in 1RS has been verified by identifying chimeric chloroplast-genomic sequence reads. Synteny analysis of 1RS to the full genomes of Oryza sativa and Brachypodium distachyon revealed that about half of the genes of 1RS correspond to the distal end of the short arm of rice chromosome 5 and the proximal region of the long arm of Brachypodium distachyon chromosome 2. Comparison of the gene content of 1RS to 1HS barley chromosome arm revealed high conservation of genes related to chromosome 5 of rice. Conclusions The present study revealed the gene content and potential gene functions on this chromosome arm and demonstrated numerous sequence elements like SSRs and gene-related sequences, which can be utilised for future research as well as in breeding of wheat and rye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fluch
- Health and Environment Department, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Tulln, Austria
| | - Dieter Kopecky
- Health and Environment Department, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Tulln, Austria
| | - Kornel Burg
- Health and Environment Department, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Tulln, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Hana Šimková
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Taudien
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research (Fritz Lipmann Institute), Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Petzold
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research (Fritz Lipmann Institute), Jena, Germany
| | - Marie Kubaláková
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Platzer
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research (Fritz Lipmann Institute), Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Berenyi
- Health and Environment Department, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Tulln, Austria
| | - Siegfried Krainer
- Health and Environment Department, Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Tulln, Austria
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tamas Lelley
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute for Biotechnology in Plant Production (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
A high density consensus map of rye (Secale cereale L.) based on DArT markers. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28495. [PMID: 22163026 PMCID: PMC3232230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an economically important crop, exhibiting unique features such as outstanding resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and high nutrient use efficiency. This species presents a challenge to geneticists and breeders due to its large genome containing a high proportion of repetitive sequences, self incompatibility, severe inbreeding depression and tissue culture recalcitrance. The genomic resources currently available for rye are underdeveloped in comparison with other crops of similar economic importance. The aim of this study was to create a highly saturated, multilocus linkage map of rye via consensus mapping, based on Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) markers. Methodology/Principal Findings Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from 5 populations (564 in total) were genotyped using DArT markers and subjected to linkage analysis using Join Map 4.0 and Multipoint Consensus 2.2 software. A consensus map was constructed using a total of 9703 segregating markers. The average chromosome map length ranged from 199.9 cM (2R) to 251.4 cM (4R) and the average map density was 1.1 cM. The integrated map comprised 4048 loci with the number of markers per chromosome ranging from 454 for 7R to 805 for 4R. In comparison with previously published studies on rye, this represents an eight-fold increase in the number of loci placed on a consensus map and a more than two-fold increase in the number of genetically mapped DArT markers. Conclusions/Significance Through the careful choice of marker type, mapping populations and the use of software packages implementing powerful algorithms for map order optimization, we produced a valuable resource for rye and triticale genomics and breeding, which provides an excellent starting point for more in-depth studies on rye genome organization.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kofler R, Bartos J, Gong L, Stift G, Suchánková P, Simková H, Berenyi M, Burg K, Dolezel J, Lelley T. Development of microsatellite markers specific for the short arm of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome 1. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2008; 117:915-26. [PMID: 18626624 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-008-0831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed 74 microsatellite marker primer pairs yielding 76 polymorphic loci, specific for the short arm of rye chromosome 1R (1RS) in wheat background. Four libraries enriched for microsatellite motifs AG, AAG, AC and AAC were constructed from DNA of flow-sorted 1RS chromosomes and 1,290 clones were sequenced. Additionally, 2,778 BAC-end-sequences from a 1RS specific BAC library were used for microsatellite screening and marker development. From 724 designed primer pairs, 119 produced 1RS specific bands and 74 of them showed polymorphism in a set of ten rye genotypes. We show that this high attrition rate was due to the highly repetitive nature of the rye genome consisting of a large number of transposable elements. We mapped the 76 polymorphic loci physically into three regions (bins) on 1RS; 29, 30 and 17 loci were assigned to the distal, intercalary and proximal regions of the 1RS arm, respectively. The average polymorphism information content increases with distance from the centromere, which could be due to an increased recombination rate along the chromosome arm toward's the telomere. Additionally, we demonstrate, using the data of the whole rice genome, that the intra-genomic length variation of microsatellites correlates (r = 0.87) with microsatellite polymorphism. Based on these results we suggest that an analysis of the microsatellite length variation is conducted for each species prior to microsatellite development, provided that sufficient sequence information is available. This will allow to selectively design microsatellite markers for motifs likely to yield a high level of polymorphism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kofler
- Department for Agrobiotechnology, Institute for Plant Production Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Linde-Laursen I, Heslop-Harrison JS, Shepherd KW, Taketa S. The barley Genome and its Relationship with the Wheat Genomes. A Survey with an Internationally Agreed Recommendation for Barley Chromosome Nomenclature. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1997.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
18
|
Lelley T, Eder C, Grausgruber H. Influence of 1BL.1RS wheat-rye chromosome translocation on genotype by environment interaction. J Cereal Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2003.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
19
|
Anderson GR, Papa D, Peng J, Tahir M, Lapitan NLV. Genetic mapping of Dn7, a rye gene conferring resistance to the Russian wheat aphid in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2003; 107:1297-303. [PMID: 12879254 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2002] [Accepted: 06/11/2003] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Russian wheat aphid is a significant pest problem in wheat and barley in North America. Genetic resistance in wheat is the most effective and economical means to control the damage caused by the aphid. Dn7 is a rye gene located on chromosome 1RS that confers resistance to the Russian wheat aphid. The gene was previously transferred from rye into a wheat background via a 1RS/1BL translocation. This study was conducted to genetically map Dn7 and to characterize the type of resistance the gene confers. The resistant line '94M370' was crossed with a susceptible wheat cultivar that also contains a pair of 1RS/1BL translocation chromosomes. The F(2) progeny from this cross segregated for resistance in a ratio of 3 resistant: 1 susceptible, indicating a single dominant gene. One-hundred and eleven RFLP markers previously mapped on wheat chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D, barley chromosome 1H and rye chromosome 1R, were used to screen the parents for polymorphism. A genetic map containing six markers linked to Dn7, encompassing 28.2 cM, was constructed. The markers flanking Dn7 were Xbcd1434 and XksuD14, which mapped 1.4 cM and 7.4 cM from Dn7, respectively. Dn7 confers antixenosis, and provides a higher level of resistance than that provided by Dn4. The applications of Dn7 and the linked markers in wheat breeding are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garret R Anderson
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cabrera A, Martin A, Barro F. In-situ comparative mapping (ISCM) of Glu-1 loci in Triticum and Hordeum. Chromosome Res 2002; 10:49-54. [PMID: 11863070 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014270227360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect small low- or single-copy DNA sequences by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) is an important step towards physical mapping of plant genomes. In this study, the FISH technique was used to physically map the Glu-1 loci controlling high-molecular weight (HMW) glutenin in common wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. 'Chinese Spring') and tritordeum (an amphiploid between T. turgidum cv. durum and Hordeum chilense). The probe used was the single-copy Glu-D1-1d gene coding the 1Dx5 HMW glutenin subunit. Three loci were mapped on chromosomes of wheat homoeologous group 1 (arm 1AL, 1BL and 1DL). The Glu-1 loci were mapped (fraction of the distance from the centromere) at positions 0.76 +/- 0.01, 0.69 +/- 0.01 and 0.76 +/- 0.01, on arms 1AL, 1BL and 1DL, respectively. The Glu-1 loci were also mapped on chromosomes of homoeologous group 1 of tritordeum at positions 0.75 +/- 0.01, 0.70 +/- 0.01 and 0.60 +/- 0.01, on arms 1AL, 1BL and 1HchL, respectively. Chromosomes with positive signals were identified by reprobing chromosome preparations using both the GAA-satellite and pAs1 sequences simultaneously. The application of the FISH technique to study homoeology among different genomes is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, ETSIAM, University of Córdoba, Apdo, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Genetic mapping and determination of the organization of the wheat genome are changing the wheat-breeding process. New initiatives to analyze the expressed portion of the wheat genome and structural analysis of the genomes of Arabidopsis and rice are increasing our knowledge of the genes that are linked to key agronomically important traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Francki
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Improvement Institute, Locked Bag No 4,Bentley WA 6983, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Clarke BC, Mukai Y, Appels R. TheSec-1 locus on the short arm of chromosome 1R of rye (Secale cereale). Chromosoma 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02524644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Busch W, Herrmann RG, Martin R. Refined physical mapping of theSec-1locus on the satellite of chromosome 1R of rye (Secale cereale). Genome 1995; 38:889-93. [DOI: 10.1139/g95-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Sec-1 locus (ω-secalin) of rye (Secale cereale L.) was mapped in the satellite of the short arm of chromosome 1R using fluorescence in situ hybridization and a genomic probe called pSec2B. Sec-1 is located in the middle of the satellite at the junction of the proximal euchromatic and the distal heterochromatic regions. Double hybridization experiments using rDNA and pSec2B showed that the NOR spans over the secondary constriction of the short arm of chromosome 1R and that there is a clearly visible gap between the NOR and Sec-1. Heterologous hybridization of pSec2B to barley visualized the B-hordein locus on chromosome 1H.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, physical mapping, genetic mapping, secalin, rye, B-hordein, rDNA.
Collapse
|
24
|
Wanous MK, Gustafson JP. A genetic map of rye chromosome 1R integrating RFLP and cytogenetic loci. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1995; 91:720-726. [PMID: 24169906 DOI: 10.1007/bf00220949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/1994] [Accepted: 03/07/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A genetic map of rye, Secale cereale L., chromosome 1R covering 247 cM was constructed utilizing 27 RFLP and four C-band markers, including terminal C-bands. Genetic mapping of C-bands and the centromere, and in situ hybridization of three RFLP clones, allowed for the integration of the genetic and cytological maps. Eight contact points between the genetic and cytological maps revealed variation in the recombination distance to cytological distance ratio ranging between 0.25 and 1.95, a 7.8-fold difference. Recombination was found to be highest in the satellite region of 1RS and lowest in the most distal region of 1RL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Wanous
- Division of Biological Sciences, Tucker Hall, University of Missouri, 65211, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rogowsky PM, Sorrels ME, Shepherd KW, Langridge P. Characterisation of wheat-rye recombinants with RFLP and PCR probes. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1993; 85:1023-1028. [PMID: 24196154 DOI: 10.1007/bf00215043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/1992] [Accepted: 06/19/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The introgression of genetic material from alien species into wheat has become an important tool in modern wheat breeding. Ideally, only the trait of interest and no flanking material should be transferred. Random recombination between the genetic material is therefore of paramount importance. In a model system, we examined 17 recombinants putatively between chromosome 1D of wheat and 1R of rye with 60 random RFLP and three PCR markers. The recombinants had been generated by removing the normal effect of the Ph1 gene in the wheat background. Amongst the nine short-arm recombinants, three breakpoints were identified but no differentiation could be made between the five proximal recombinants. For the eight long-arm recombinants analysed only two breakpoints were identified with 36 markers. However, only a single RFLP marker was able to differentiate between the recombinants. Indeed the long-arm results are consistent with the possibility that only the rye telomeric region had been transferred. These results indicate either a strong clustering of the RFLP markers near the centromere or else imply that recombination induced between wheat and rye in the absence of the normal effect of the Ph1 gene occurs at only restricted sites. The results allow new primary recombinants to be selected for intercrossing to generate secondary recombinants which are expected to have a smaller interstitial rye segment than that present in DR-A1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Rogowsky
- Centre for Cereal Biotechnology, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, 5064, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lagudah ES, Appels R, McNeil D, Schachtman DP. Exploiting the Diploid ‘D’ Genome Chromatin For Wheat Improvement. STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIA SERIES 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1136-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
27
|
Kim NS, Armstrong K, Knott DR. Molecular detection of Lophopyrum chromatin in wheat-Lophopyrum recombinants and their use in the physical mapping of chromosome 7D. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1993; 85:561-567. [PMID: 24195930 DOI: 10.1007/bf00220914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/1992] [Accepted: 09/03/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In situ hybridisation and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis were used to determine the relative location of the translocation breakpoint and the size of the integrated chromatin segment in hexaploid wheat-Lophopyrum translocation stocks. Three 7el2-7D recombinant stocks were Robertsonian translocations, 7DS.7el. The remaining recombinant stock (KS10-2) was 7elS.7el-7DL and contained only the distal one-half of the long arm of 7D. The recombinant stock with 7el1 (K11695) could be designated 7DS.7DL-7el where approximately the distal one-half of 7DL was replaced. RFLP analysis indicated that on the 7DL RFLP map the breakpoints for K11695 and KS10-2 are in different locations and that the two recombinants contain an overlapping region (a common region) of the Lophopyrum chromosome 7 in which Lr19, a leaf-rust resistant gene, is located. RFLP analysis also indicated that RFLP markers which mapped to within 1.5 cm of the centromere of chromosome 7D are located in the distal half of the long arm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Kim
- Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, K1A OC6, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Origin and molecular structure of a midget chromosome in a common wheat carrying rye cytoplasm. Chromosoma 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00352287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
29
|
Gustafson JP, Dillé JE. Chromosome location of Oryza sativa recombination linkage groups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:8646-50. [PMID: 1356266 PMCID: PMC49977 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.18.8646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ hybridization, a powerful tool for the molecular cytogeneticist, can be used to physically map repetitive, low-copy, and unique DNA sequences in plant chromosomes. With the availability of a recombination map in Oryza sativa L. and an improved in situ hybridization technique, this study was designed to establish the relationship between the genetic and physical distances of the rice restriction fragment length polymorphism map. Analysis indicated that considerable variation can exist between genetic and physical maps. A 183-centimorgan linkage map for chromosome 2 covered less than 50% of the chromosome and did not include the centromere, whereas a 91-centimorgan linkage map for chromosome 1 covered approximately 80% of the chromosome. The results indicated that there are potential "hot" and "cold" spots of recombination and polymorphisms in rice, which involve both genes and restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Gustafson
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Melz G, Schlegel R, Thiele V. Genetic linkage map of rye (Secale cereale L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1992; 85:33-45. [PMID: 24197226 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/1992] [Accepted: 01/27/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Melz
- Bundesanstalt für Züchtungsforschung an Kulturpflanzen, Institut für Züchtungsmethodik, O-2551, Gross Lüsewitz, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|